— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: 0I4W.L (LSE) · $vol 2M

CCI NYSE

Crown Castle Inc.
1W: +5.4% 1M: +7.0% 3M: +4.6% YTD: +3.8% 1Y: -7.5% 3Y: -3.8% 5Y: -36.5%
$91.46
-0.58 (-0.63%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±4.2%
$79 $83 $87 $90 $94
NYSE · Real Estate · REIT - Specialty · Alpha Radar Buy · Power 64 · $39.9B mcap · 436M float · 0.737% daily turnover · Short 56% of daily vol

Edge Score

Quantitative competitive moat analysis scoring five pillars of durable advantage — cost leadership, brand intangibles, switching costs, network effects, and efficient scale — using industry percentile rankings on a 0–100 scale.

NO EDGE
39.7 / 100
NoneWeakNarrowWide
Primary source: Efficient Scale  ·  ROIC: 7.2%
Cost Advantage
46
Intangibles
39
Switching Cost
27
Network Effect
30
Scale ★
63
The Edge Score quantifies a company's competitive moat using five pillars: Cost Advantage (20%, operating margin and SG&A efficiency vs industry peers), Intangible Assets (25%, gross margin premium, R&D intensity, brand pricing power), Switching Costs (25%, revenue stability, earnings consistency, customer retention proxied by operating leverage), Network Effects (15%, revenue growth with expanding margins, market share dominance), and Efficient Scale (15%, market concentration, ROIC sustainability). Each pillar is scored 0–100 using industry percentile rankings, then weighted into a composite. Wide ≥ 70, Narrow ≥ 55, Weak ≥ 40, None < 40. CCI has No discernible competitive edge (39.7/100). The business operates without significant structural advantages. The primary source of advantage is Efficient Scale. ROIC of 7.2% suggests modest returns relative to capital deployed.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
$0
Low
$106
Avg Target
$106
High
Based on 6 analyst ratings (12 mo)
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 1Buy: 22Hold: 23Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$106.50
Analysts6
Consensus Change History
DateFieldFromTo
2026-05-21 consensus Buy Hold
Price Target Change History
DateFirmAnalystOldNewChangeUpside @ CallStock@Call
2026-02-05 BMO Capital Ari Klein $105 $91 -14 +12.0% $81.27
2026-01-21 KeyBanc Brandon Nispel $219 $115 -104 +32.0% $87.11
2026-01-05 New Street Jonathan Chaplin Initiated $93 +4.8% $88.70
2025-12-10 UBS Batya Levi $90 $127 +37 +38.0% $92.06
2025-12-01 Barclays $111 $101 -10 +10.7% $91.27
2025-10-01 RBC Capital $100 $112 +12 +17.0% $95.71
2025-03-17 Wells Fargo $100 $105 +5 +2.0% $102.91
2025-01-01 Jefferies Jonathan Petersen $200 $84 -116 -7.4% $90.76
2024-10-21 Goldman Sachs Brett Feldman $104 $120 +16 +6.8% $112.38
2024-10-17 Citigroup Michael Rollins $200 $128 -72 +10.7% $115.68
2024-08-13 Bank of America Securities David Barden Initiated $115 +4.2% $110.39
2024-07-18 Williams Trading Gregory Williams Initiated $127 +19.5% $106.31
2024-07-01 Goldman Sachs James Schneider $166 $104 -62 +6.4% $97.70
2024-06-21 Deutsche Bank Matthew Niknam $183 $103 -80 +6.8% $96.41
2024-05-07 RBC Capital Jonathan Atkin Initiated $100 +4.3% $95.92
2024-04-19 Wells Fargo Eric Luebchow $115 $100 -15 +6.0% $94.37
2024-04-18 Barclays Tim Long $152 $111 -41 +19.5% $92.88
2024-04-18 Scotiabank Maher Yaghi Initiated $118 +26.8% $93.05
2024-04-18 BMO Capital Ari Klein $110 $105 -5 +12.8% $93.05
2024-04-08 MoffettNathanson Nick Del Deo Initiated $119 +18.1% $100.78
2024-01-19 BMO Capital Ari Klein Initiated $110 +1.9% $107.97
2023-12-05 Wells Fargo Eric Luebchow $80 $115 +35 -2.5% $117.95
2023-07-13 Loop Capital Markets Ari Klein Initiated $113 -1.7% $114.97
2023-01-13 Truist Financial Initiated $175 +15.9% $150.99
2023-01-12 Barclays Initiated $152 +0.3% $151.59
2023-01-10 Morgan Stanley $190 $105 -85 -27.5% $144.92
2023-01-09 Wells Fargo $175 $80 -95 -45.4% $146.42
2022-12-15 UBS $195 $90 -105 -34.8% $138.00
2022-07-22 Raymond James $206 $201 -5 +16.2% $173.01
2022-07-20 Morgan Stanley $200 $190 -10 +9.5% $173.53
2022-07-19 Wells Fargo Initiated $175 +2.9% $170.13
2022-07-12 Goldman Sachs $183 $166 -17 -3.6% $172.26
2022-07-11 Citigroup Initiated $200 +17.0% $170.95
2022-07-11 Jefferies Jonathan Petersen Initiated $200 +16.7% $171.40
2022-06-28 Deutsche Bank Matthew Niknam Initiated $183 +8.5% $168.59
2022-06-07 Morgan Stanley $207 $200 -7 +9.6% $182.50
2022-04-27 KeyBanc Brandon Nispel $202 $219 +17 +16.1% $188.62
2022-04-22 Credit Suisse Initiated $215 +10.0% $195.40
2022-04-22 Raymond James Initiated $206 +4.9% $196.40
2022-01-25 Morgan Stanley Simon Flannery Initiated $207 +17.0% $176.90
2021-10-21 Goldman Sachs Brett Feldman Initiated $183 +3.8% $176.29
2021-10-21 KeyBanc Brandon Nispel Initiated $202 +14.6% $176.29
2021-10-11 Wolfe Research Andrew Rosivach CFA Initiated $162 -3.5% $167.90
2021-06-06 UBS Batya Levi Initiated $195 +1.4% $192.26

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C
May 22, 2026
DCF
2
ROE
1
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
1
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. CCI receives an overall rating of C. Strongest factors: ROA (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (2/5), ROE (1/5), D/E (1/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-04-30 C+ C
2026-04-22 C C+
2026-03-30 C- C
2026-03-20 C C-
2026-03-16 C- C
2026-02-11 C C-
2026-02-10 C+ C

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

49 Grade B
Profitability
55
Balance Sheet
14
Earnings Quality
80
Growth
49
Value
41
Momentum
71
Safety
0
Cash Flow
85
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. CCI scores highest in Cash Flow (85/100) and lowest in Safety (0/100). A grade of B indicates above-average fundamentals with room for improvement in select areas.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
-0.03
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
Beneish M-Score
-2.88
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.85
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
CCC
Score: 17.8/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 2.76x
Accruals: -5.8%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. CCI scores -0.03, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. CCI scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. CCI's score of -2.88 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. CCI's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. CCI receives an estimated rating of CCC (score: 17.8/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). CCI's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
37.65x
PEG
0.09x
P/S
9.47x
P/B
-20.77x
P/FCF
13.03x
P/OCF
12.15x
EV/EBITDA
23.92x
EV/Revenue
15.38x
EV/EBIT
32.00x
EV/FCF
23.78x
Earnings Yield
2.98%
FCF Yield
7.67%
Shareholder Yield
5.32%
Graham Number
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 37.7x earnings, CCI commands a growth premium.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
1.004
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.521
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.481
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.131
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
-36.343
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
-119.8%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. CCI's ROE of -119.8% is driven by EBIT Margin (0.481) as the dominant factor. A tax burden ratio of 1.00 indicates minimal tax leakage — the company retains over 90% of pre-tax earnings.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
$20.60
Price/Value
3.95x
Margin of Safety
-294.74%
Premium
294.74%
Assessment
Overvalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with CCI's realized 0.0% 3-year EPS CAGR — what the company actually delivered, not what analysts hope for. CCI trades at a 295% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $20.60, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 8.5x compares to the current market P/E of 37.7x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$91.47
Median 1Y
$87.49
5th Pctile
$55.99
95th Pctile
$136.45
Ann. Volatility
28.5%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical

Executive Compensation

C-suite compensation breakdown including salary, stock awards, options, and incentive pay. The CEO-to-employee pay ratio and Gini coefficient measure pay distribution fairness.

C-Suite Compensation

ExecutiveSalaryStockTotal
Steven J. Moskowitz
Former President & CEO
$225,000 $12,504,484 $18,218,454
Christian H. Hillabrant
President & CEO
$269,231 $12,147,036 $14,154,801
Daniel K. Schlanger
EVP & CTRO
$640,000 $9,885,430 $12,035,100
Sunit S. Patel
EVP & CFO
$456,731 $7,695,957 $9,103,274
Christopher D. Levendos
EVP & COO—Fiber
$600,000 $5,423,183 $6,904,809
Edward B. Adams,
Jr. EVP & General Counsel
$515,000 $4,449,373 $5,699,472
Catherine Piche EVP
& COO—Towers
$550,000 $4,286,658 $5,646,908

CEO Pay Ratio

190:1
CEO-to-Employee Pay Ratio
CEO Total Comp: $18,218,454
Avg Employee Cost (SGA/emp): $95,750
Employees: 4,000

C-Suite Pay Equality (Gini)

CEO Compensation Mix

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees
4,000
+2.6% YoY
Revenue / Employee
$1,066,250
Rev: $4,265,000,000
Profit / Employee
$111,000
NI: $444,000,000
SGA / Employee
$95,750
Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
ROE 10.7% 12.5% 12.4% 16.5% 17.5% 18.2% 21.3% 21.3% 21.7% 19.8% 21.7% 20.2% 17.2% 17.8% -1.2% -1.5% -1.5% -1.5% -50.2% -1.2% -1.20%
ROA 2.8% 3.2% 2.8% 3.8% 4.0% 4.1% 4.3% 4.3% 4.4% 4.0% 3.9% 3.6% 3.1% 3.2% -11.0% -13.1% -13.0% -13.0% 1.4% 3.3% 3.30%
ROIC 5.9% 6.1% 5.6% 6.1% 6.4% 6.6% 6.8% 6.8% 7.0% 6.7% 6.6% 6.3% 5.8% 6.0% -7.9% -7.9% -7.9% -7.9% 7.4% 7.2% 7.20%
ROCE 4.9% 5.4% 4.9% 5.7% 5.9% 6.1% 6.5% 6.6% 6.8% 6.5% 6.5% 6.2% 5.8% 5.9% -9.8% -9.8% -9.7% -9.8% 7.7% 7.5% 7.49%
Gross Margin 68.8% 68.4% 68.3% 70.8% 70.4% 70.0% 70.5% 70.7% 72.0% 70.8% 72.9% 75.6% 75.2% 72.2% 71.9% 74.7% 73.8% 73.9% 42.1% 73.7% 73.66%
Operating Margin 31.9% 32.5% 31.6% 35.5% 34.2% 34.5% 34.7% 35.4% 35.7% 29.2% 35.1% 46.7% 44.7% 32.9% -2.7% 49.1% 47.7% 49.0% 49.2% 46.0% 46.04%
Net Margin 21.1% 21.7% 21.3% 24.2% 24.3% 24.0% 23.5% 23.6% 24.4% 15.9% 21.7% 27.9% 22.7% 18.3% -2.9% -43.7% 27.5% 30.1% 27.4% 15.0% 14.95%
EBITDA Margin 56.9% 57.4% 56.0% 57.6% 58.3% 58.6% 58.6% 59.3% 59.3% 55.2% 61.1% 63.6% 60.7% 88.7% -2.5% 65.4% 64.1% 64.8% 65.2% 63.1% 63.07%
FCF Margin 27.2% 27.5% 23.6% 22.6% 22.1% 22.0% 22.4% 22.2% 25.5% 23.2% 24.4% 27.1% 25.4% 29.4% 31.2% 37.4% 44.2% 55.0% 67.4% 64.7% 64.69%
OCF Margin 49.9% 48.2% 43.0% 40.9% 39.9% 40.3% 41.2% 41.7% 45.7% 43.8% 44.8% 49.3% 49.8% 52.9% 53.3% 54.6% 56.2% 63.3% 71.7% 69.4% 69.41%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only -2.44%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only -1.40%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 7.15%
Cash ROA snapshot only 9.28%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 10.57%
CROIC snapshot only 9.85%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 47.28%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 25.04%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 9.02%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 1.31%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
P/E Ratio 64.18 48.78 67.57 45.27 39.32 32.61 29.81 29.82 25.22 22.76 29.85 30.03 32.99 39.42 -9.60 -9.39 -9.46 -9.02 87.47 33.55 37.655
P/S Ratio 11.28 9.88 11.68 10.01 9.01 7.65 7.15 7.11 6.02 5.00 6.42 6.62 7.06 8.73 6.78 8.04 8.09 8.61 9.11 8.43 9.473
P/B Ratio 7.21 6.45 8.97 8.00 7.36 6.37 6.70 6.69 5.78 4.74 7.02 6.56 6.15 7.59 -281.68 -330.41 -329.89 -313.36 -23.75 -21.73 -20.769
P/FCF 41.47 35.90 49.43 44.24 40.82 34.77 31.84 32.05 23.64 21.51 26.33 24.39 27.74 29.68 21.77 21.51 18.31 15.64 13.51 13.03 13.035
P/OCF 22.61 20.49 27.16 24.45 22.57 18.99 17.35 17.04 13.18 11.40 14.33 13.42 14.18 16.50 12.73 14.72 14.39 13.60 12.70 12.15 12.148
EV/EBITDA 27.38 23.92 29.16 24.67 22.61 20.01 19.09 18.86 16.81 15.35 17.92 18.77 20.45 19.93 -53.69 -58.19 -58.46 -35.13 24.62 23.92 23.922
EV/Revenue 15.45 13.95 15.89 14.06 12.97 11.54 11.13 11.07 9.91 8.93 10.53 11.16 12.22 13.90 12.13 13.43 13.53 14.70 15.97 15.38 15.384
EV/EBIT 52.21 43.67 55.61 44.09 39.86 34.91 32.90 32.37 28.59 26.68 31.31 31.42 32.76 36.21 -22.43 -24.59 -24.67 -23.87 32.79 32.00 31.999
EV/FCF 56.78 50.71 67.27 62.13 58.76 52.41 49.57 49.91 38.92 38.45 43.20 41.12 48.03 47.29 38.91 35.95 30.62 26.71 23.70 23.78 23.782
Earnings Yield 1.6% 2.0% 1.5% 2.2% 2.5% 3.1% 3.4% 3.4% 4.0% 4.4% 3.3% 3.3% 3.0% 2.5% -10.4% -10.6% -10.6% -11.1% 1.1% 3.0% 2.98%
FCF Yield 2.4% 2.8% 2.0% 2.3% 2.4% 2.9% 3.1% 3.1% 4.2% 4.6% 3.8% 4.1% 3.6% 3.4% 4.6% 4.6% 5.5% 6.4% 7.4% 7.7% 7.67%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.093
EV/OCF snapshot only 22.164
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 23.413
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 32.046
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 5.32%
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.56 0.56 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.26 0.26 0.255
Quick Ratio 0.56 0.56 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.26 0.26 0.255
Debt/Equity 2.69 2.69 3.27 3.27 3.27 3.27 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 4.52 4.52 4.52 4.52 -222.65 -222.65 -222.65 -222.65 -18.08 -18.08 -18.083
Net Debt/Equity 2.66 2.66 3.24 3.24 3.24 3.24 3.73 3.73 3.73 3.73 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50
Debt/Assets 0.66 0.66 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.94 0.94 0.938
Debt/EBITDA 7.45 7.05 7.82 7.18 6.98 6.81 6.87 6.79 6.63 6.80 7.02 7.66 8.67 7.45 -23.75 -23.47 -23.60 -14.62 10.69 10.91 10.910
Net Debt/EBITDA 7.38 6.99 7.73 7.11 6.90 6.74 6.83 6.75 6.60 6.76 7.00 7.64 8.64 7.42 -23.65 -23.37 -23.50 -14.56 10.59 10.81 10.811
Interest Coverage 11.47 6.68 4.64 3.53 3.52 3.38 3.29 2.99 2.86 2.66 2.40 2.41 -3.32 -3.28 -3.22 -3.17 2.17 2.08 2.082
Equity Multiplier 4.10 4.10 4.73 4.73 4.73 4.73 5.22 5.22 5.22 5.22 6.04 6.04 6.04 6.04 -246.14 -246.14 -246.14 -246.14 -19.28 -19.28 -19.277
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.060
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 2.785
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.009
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.092
Defensive Interval snapshot only 297.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.131
Inventory Turnover
Receivables Turnover 11.78 12.03 11.89 12.38 12.66 12.90 10.31 10.36 10.55 10.44 10.60 9.60 8.45 8.42 8.83 8.74 8.67 7.74 8.59 8.49 8.487
Payables Turnover 6.97 7.06 8.37 8.57 8.65 8.70 8.58 8.62 8.65 8.49 8.11 7.10 6.09 5.98 6.62 6.60 6.62 5.81 11.00 10.99 10.989
DSO 31 30 31 29 29 28 35 35 35 35 34 38 43 43 41 42 42 47 42 43 43.0 days
DIO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 52 52 44 43 42 42 43 42 42 43 45 51 60 61 55 55 55 63 33 33 33.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -21 -21 -13 -13 -13 -14 -7 -7 -8 -8 -11 -13 -17 -18 -14 -14 -13 -16 9 10 9.8 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 0.359
Cash Velocity snapshot only 15.665
Capital Intensity snapshot only 7.479
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Revenue 6.3% 8.6% 8.6% 11.7% 11.6% 11.3% 10.2% 6.4% 6.0% 2.8% -0.1% -9.9% -22.2% -21.6% -20.9% -13.5% -2.5% -12.7% -22.8% -22.9% -22.95%
Net Income 27.3% 65.5% 3.8% 57.1% 45.4% 29.0% 52.8% 14.6% 10.3% -3.8% -10.4% -16.6% -30.2% -20.9% -3.6% -4.4% -4.9% -4.8% 1.1% 1.2% 1.23%
EPS 22.9% 63.6% 3.5% 56.7% 45.4% 29.0% 52.8% 14.6% 10.3% -3.8% -10.4% -16.8% -30.4% -21.2% -3.6% -4.3% -4.9% -4.8% 1.1% 1.2% 1.23%
FCF 71.4% 51.8% 4.7% -0.9% -9.5% -10.9% 4.7% 4.2% 22.2% 8.5% 8.5% 10.3% -22.3% -0.7% 1.1% 19.1% 69.3% 63.4% 67.1% 33.4% 33.43%
EBITDA 12.7% 21.7% 3.2% 14.3% 13.4% 10.0% 17.8% 9.5% 8.9% 3.7% 0.8% -8.7% -21.1% -5.9% -1.3% -1.3% -1.4% -1.5% 3.2% 3.1% 3.15%
Op. Income 40.6% 45.7% 7.5% 11.6% 9.2% 8.1% 21.1% 12.1% 11.0% 2.4% -2.3% -7.1% -16.7% -10.3% -2.2% -2.3% -2.4% -2.4% 1.7% 1.7% 1.69%
OCF Growth snapshot only -2.01%
Asset Growth snapshot only -3.72%
Debt Growth snapshot only -0.16%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.23%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -31.78%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 7.0% 5.6% 5.3% 6.0% 6.1% 6.1% 7.1% 7.2% 7.9% 7.5% 6.1% 2.3% -2.7% -3.5% -4.5% -6.1% -7.0% -11.0% -15.2% -15.6% -15.63%
Revenue 5Y 10.0% 10.0% 10.1% 10.5% 10.6% 10.6% 9.9% 8.6% 7.7% 6.2% 5.2% 2.7% -0.3% -0.7% -0.6% -0.8% -1.0% -3.2% -6.1% -6.5% -6.52%
EPS 3Y 26.2% 29.2% 16.2% 23.2% 23.7% 21.6% 23.4% 23.7% 25.4% 26.6% 12.3% 14.3% 3.8% -0.8% -35.9% -14.3% -14.32%
EPS 5Y 17.7% 21.9% 20.8% 23.2% 23.5% 25.7% 28.8% 29.2% 26.4% 21.7% 16.5% 12.2% 7.8% 6.4% -16.1% 2.5% 2.47%
Net Income 3Y 28.0% 31.0% 17.8% 24.8% 25.3% 23.2% 24.9% 25.2% 26.9% 27.1% 12.4% 14.5% 3.8% -0.6% -35.8% -14.1% -14.12%
Net Income 5Y 23.7% 28.1% 25.9% 27.8% 27.8% 27.9% 30.4% 30.7% 27.5% 22.8% 17.5% 13.2% 8.6% 7.3% -15.9% 2.7% 2.65%
EBITDA 3Y 10.1% 10.0% 6.8% 8.5% 8.8% 8.6% 10.4% 10.8% 11.7% 11.6% 7.0% 4.5% -0.9% 2.4% -12.1% -13.0% -13.02%
EBITDA 5Y 12.2% 13.2% 11.8% 12.7% 12.7% 12.7% 12.3% 11.5% 10.5% 8.7% 7.6% 5.0% 2.1% 4.6% -3.8% -3.8% -3.81%
Gross Profit 3Y 8.3% 6.8% 6.7% 7.9% 8.2% 8.4% 10.0% 9.9% 10.7% 10.1% 8.9% 5.2% -0.0% -0.8% -2.3% -4.2% -5.5% -9.6% -16.9% -17.5% -17.55%
Gross Profit 5Y 11.2% 11.4% 11.9% 12.5% 12.7% 12.8% 12.0% 10.4% 9.5% 7.9% 6.9% 4.8% 1.9% 1.6% 1.8% 1.5% 1.2% -1.2% -6.2% -6.8% -6.84%
Op. Income 3Y 19.1% 17.8% 11.8% 14.4% 14.7% 14.4% 17.9% 18.1% 19.5% 17.3% 8.3% 5.1% 0.3% -0.2% -5.0% -6.0% -5.99%
Op. Income 5Y 18.0% 18.7% 16.1% 17.0% 17.2% 17.6% 18.4% 16.4% 15.4% 12.6% 10.6% 9.3% 6.9% 6.6% 2.2% 0.8% 0.77%
FCF 3Y 27.5% 29.4% 25.3% 28.1% 32.4% 37.7% 34.7% 24.1% 23.8% 13.6% 6.0% 4.4% -4.9% -1.4% 4.7% 11.0% 17.2% 20.7% 22.4% 20.6% 20.55%
FCF 5Y 12.6% 12.5% 10.5% 12.0% 14.6% 14.1% 14.0% 16.8% 18.1% 15.9% 17.5% 19.3% 17.1% 23.0% 21.8% 20.2% 20.1% 18.9% 15.0% 12.6% 12.59%
OCF 3Y 10.7% 7.4% 2.9% 1.8% 0.9% 1.9% 2.2% 1.0% 4.3% 2.5% 0.8% 1.5% -2.8% -0.5% 2.6% 3.4% 4.2% 3.4% 2.0% -0.0% -0.01%
OCF 5Y 11.0% 10.5% 8.9% 8.6% 8.4% 7.9% 7.1% 7.4% 8.0% 5.2% 4.6% 4.0% 1.1% 2.3% 1.8% 1.0% 1.1% 1.3% 0.0% -0.4% -0.41%
Assets 3Y 6.4% 6.4% 6.0% 6.0% 6.0% 6.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% -0.2% -0.2% -0.2% -0.2% -5.7% -5.7% -5.7% -5.7% -6.8% -6.8% -6.79%
Assets 5Y 12.1% 12.1% 11.5% 11.5% 11.5% 11.5% 3.8% 3.8% 3.8% 3.8% 3.3% 3.3% 3.3% 3.3% -3.2% -3.2% -3.2% -3.2% -4.1% -4.1% -4.06%
Equity 3Y -8.5% -8.5% -10.6% -10.6% -10.6% -10.6% -10.8% -10.8% -10.8% -10.8% -12.3% -12.3% -12.3% -12.3%
Book Value 3Y -9.8% -9.8% -11.8% -11.8% -11.7% -11.7% -11.9% -11.9% -11.8% -11.1% -12.4% -12.4% -12.4% -12.4%
Dividend 3Y 1.4% 1.2% 1.4% 1.5% 1.8% 2.2% 1.8% 1.4% 1.2% 1.7% 1.4% 0.9% 0.5% -0.1% 0.1% -0.1% -2.9% -5.8% -8.9% -12.2% -12.17%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.94 0.91 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.95 0.94 0.59 0.08 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.14 0.27 0.39 0.392
Earnings Stability 0.95 0.86 0.98 0.89 0.91 0.88 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.89 0.87 0.76 0.54 0.49 0.30 0.32 0.35 0.35 0.21 0.15 0.154
Margin Stability 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.95 0.952
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.89 0.50 0.98 0.50 0.82 0.88 0.50 0.94 0.96 0.98 0.96 0.93 0.88 0.92 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.200
Earnings Smoothness 0.76 0.51 0.96 0.56 0.63 0.75 0.58 0.86 0.90 0.96 0.89 0.82 0.64 0.77
ROE Trend 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.04 0.06 0.02 -0.02 -0.01
Gross Margin Trend 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 -0.06 -0.07 -0.072
FCF Margin Trend 0.13 0.13 0.06 0.03 0.00 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 0.01 -0.02 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.07 0.08 0.13 0.19 0.29 0.40 0.32 0.324
Sustainable Growth Rate -12.2% -10.6% -14.4% -11.0% -10.7% -10.7% -11.8% -12.3% -12.4% -14.9% -17.7% -19.2% -22.2% -21.7%
Internal Growth Rate
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 2.84 2.38 2.49 1.85 1.74 1.72 1.72 1.75 1.91 2.00 2.08 2.24 2.33 2.39 -0.75 -0.64 -0.66 -0.66 6.89 2.76 2.762
FCF/OCF 0.55 0.57 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.54 0.53 0.56 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.51 0.56 0.58 0.68 0.79 0.87 0.94 0.93 0.932
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 2.574
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 1.079
CapEx/Revenue 22.7% 20.7% 19.4% 18.3% 17.8% 18.3% 18.8% 19.5% 20.2% 20.6% 20.4% 22.2% 24.3% 23.5% 22.1% 17.2% 12.0% 8.2% 4.3% 4.7% 4.72%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.291
Accruals Ratio -0.05 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.19 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 -0.08 -0.06 -0.058
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.091
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.419
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Dividend Yield 3.3% 3.8% 3.2% 3.7% 4.1% 4.9% 5.2% 5.3% 6.2% 7.7% 6.1% 6.5% 6.9% 5.6% 7.3% 6.2% 5.7% 5.5% 5.4% 5.2% 4.65%
Dividend/Share $5.26 $5.33 $5.47 $5.61 $5.75 $5.90 $6.00 $6.08 $6.17 $6.27 $6.27 $6.26 $6.27 $6.26 $6.29 $6.26 $5.75 $5.25 $4.76 $4.26 $4.25
Payout Ratio 2.1% 1.8% 2.2% 1.7% 1.6% 1.6% 1.6% 1.6% 1.6% 1.8% 1.8% 2.0% 2.3% 2.2% 4.7% 1.8% 1.76%
FCF Payout Ratio 1.4% 1.4% 1.6% 1.6% 1.7% 1.7% 1.7% 1.7% 1.5% 1.7% 1.6% 1.6% 1.9% 1.7% 1.6% 1.3% 1.0% 86.1% 72.3% 68.3% 68.34%
Total Payout Ratio 2.2% 1.9% 2.2% 1.7% 1.7% 1.6% 1.6% 1.6% 1.6% 1.8% 1.8% 2.0% 2.3% 2.2% 4.7% 1.8% 1.78%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.06 0.08 0.06 -0.02 -0.10 -0.18 -0.27 -0.265
Buyback Yield 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.08%
Net Buyback Yield 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.08%
Total Shareholder Return 3.4% 3.9% 3.3% 3.8% 4.2% 5.0% 5.3% 5.4% 6.3% 7.8% 6.1% 6.6% 7.0% 5.7% 7.4% 6.3% 5.8% 5.6% 5.4% 5.3% 5.32%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.93 0.94 0.93 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.98 0.99 1.00 1.20 1.19 1.18 0.40 1.00 1.004
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.64 0.68 0.65 0.70 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.70 0.70 0.67 0.65 0.62 0.58 0.58 1.30 1.30 1.31 1.32 0.54 0.52 0.521
EBIT Margin 0.30 0.32 0.29 0.32 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.33 0.34 0.36 0.37 0.38 -0.54 -0.55 -0.55 -0.62 0.49 0.48 0.481
Asset Turnover 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.131
Equity Multiplier 3.87 3.87 4.39 4.39 4.39 4.39 4.96 4.96 4.96 4.96 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 11.41 11.41 11.41 11.41 -36.34 -36.34 -36.343
Per Share
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $2.45 $2.88 $2.53 $3.36 $3.56 $3.72 $3.86 $3.85 $3.93 $3.58 $3.46 $3.20 $2.74 $2.82 $-8.99 $-10.73 $-10.61 $-10.57 $1.02 $2.42 $2.42
Book Value/Share $21.80 $21.80 $19.03 $19.03 $19.03 $19.03 $17.16 $17.16 $17.16 $17.16 $14.70 $14.67 $14.67 $14.64 $-0.31 $-0.31 $-0.30 $-0.30 $-3.74 $-3.74 $-4.40
Tangible Book/Share $-11.64 $-11.64 $-13.52 $-13.52 $-13.52 $-13.52 $-14.36 $-14.36 $-14.36 $-14.36 $-15.86 $-15.82 $-15.82 $-15.79 $-18.53 $-18.44 $-18.40 $-18.40 $-17.44 $-17.44 $-17.44
Revenue/Share $13.93 $14.24 $14.61 $15.20 $15.55 $15.84 $16.10 $16.17 $16.47 $16.29 $16.09 $14.53 $12.79 $12.72 $12.72 $12.54 $12.41 $11.08 $9.76 $9.64 $9.67
FCF/Share $3.79 $3.92 $3.45 $3.44 $3.43 $3.49 $3.61 $3.59 $4.19 $3.78 $3.92 $3.94 $3.25 $3.74 $3.97 $4.69 $5.48 $6.10 $6.58 $6.24 $6.25
OCF/Share $6.95 $6.86 $6.28 $6.22 $6.21 $6.39 $6.63 $6.74 $7.53 $7.14 $7.20 $7.17 $6.36 $6.73 $6.78 $6.85 $6.98 $7.01 $7.00 $6.69 $6.71
Cash/Share $0.53 $0.53 $0.67 $0.67 $0.67 $0.67 $0.36 $0.36 $0.36 $0.36 $0.24 $0.24 $0.24 $0.24 $0.27 $0.27 $0.27 $0.27 $0.62 $0.62 $0.13
EBITDA/Share $7.86 $8.30 $7.96 $8.66 $8.92 $9.14 $9.38 $9.49 $9.71 $9.47 $9.45 $8.64 $7.64 $8.88 $-2.87 $-2.89 $-2.87 $-4.64 $6.33 $6.20 $6.20
Debt/Share $58.56 $58.56 $62.23 $62.23 $62.23 $62.23 $64.42 $64.42 $64.42 $64.42 $66.39 $66.24 $66.24 $66.09 $68.23 $67.92 $67.76 $67.76 $67.66 $67.66 $67.66
Net Debt/Share $58.03 $58.03 $61.56 $61.56 $61.56 $61.56 $64.06 $64.06 $64.06 $64.06 $66.15 $66.00 $66.00 $65.85 $67.96 $67.65 $67.49 $67.49 $67.04 $67.04 $67.04
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Altman Z-Score -0.034
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only -1.222
Piotroski F-Score 7 7 8 8 9 9 7 6 7 6 6 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4
Beneish M-Score -2.96 -2.94 -2.29 -2.25 -2.24 -2.24 -2.53 -2.52 -2.57 -2.54 -2.86 -2.75 -2.71 -2.84 -3.50 -3.60 -3.58 -3.41 -2.63 -2.88 -2.876
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.850
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-73.25
EVA snapshot only $-773880568.72
Credit
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only CCC
Credit Score 44.08 44.40 40.54 34.74 23.04 24.86 23.45 24.18 23.69 20.65 19.63 19.97 16.88 20.02 12.53 13.12 14.33 15.48 20.00 17.84 17.842
Credit Grade snapshot only 17
Credit Trend snapshot only 4.727
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 1200.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 9
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 11

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