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LANC NASDAQ

Lancaster Colony Corporation
1W: +0.6% 1M: +5.5% 3M: -4.1% 1Y: -0.0% 3Y: +48.9% 5Y: +27.1%
$172.77
Last traded 2025-07-28 — delisted
NASDAQ · Consumer Defensive · Packaged Foods · $4.8B mcap · 20M float · 0.929% daily turnover · Short 71% of daily vol

Edge Score

Quantitative competitive moat analysis scoring five pillars of durable advantage — cost leadership, brand intangibles, switching costs, network effects, and efficient scale — using industry percentile rankings on a 0–100 scale.

WEAK EDGE
52.0 / 100
NoneWeakNarrowWide
Primary source: Efficient Scale  ·  ROIC: 19.6%  ·  5Y Avg: 17.7%
Cost Advantage
71
Intangibles
42
Switching Cost
43
Network Effect
35
Scale ★
75
The Edge Score quantifies a company's competitive moat using five pillars: Cost Advantage (20%, operating margin and SG&A efficiency vs industry peers), Intangible Assets (25%, gross margin premium, R&D intensity, brand pricing power), Switching Costs (25%, revenue stability, earnings consistency, customer retention proxied by operating leverage), Network Effects (15%, revenue growth with expanding margins, market share dominance), and Efficient Scale (15%, market concentration, ROIC sustainability). Each pillar is scored 0–100 using industry percentile rankings, then weighted into a composite. Wide ≥ 70, Narrow ≥ 55, Weak ≥ 40, None < 40. LANC shows a Weak competitive edge (52.0/100) — limited structural advantages that may face competitive pressure. The primary source of advantage is Efficient Scale. ROIC of 19.6% confirms the company is generating returns well above its cost of capital — a hallmark of durable competitive advantages.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 1Hold: 7Sell: 1Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$—
Analysts0
Price Target Change History
DateFirmAnalystOldNewChangeUpside @ CallStock@Call
2024-08-26 Loop Capital Markets Alton Stump Initiated $232 +33.3% $174.07
2024-08-23 Stephens Jim Salera Initiated $200 +15.5% $173.23

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

71 Grade A+
Profitability
55
Balance Sheet
89
Earnings Quality
77
Growth
52
Value
55
Momentum
80
Safety
100
Cash Flow
86
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. LANC scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Growth (52/100). An overall grade of A+ places LANC among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
14.95
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
Beneish M-Score
-2.89
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-11.11
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AA+
Score: 92.5/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 1.62x
Accruals: -9.0%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. LANC scores 14.95, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. LANC scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. LANC's score of -2.89 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. LANC's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. LANC receives an estimated rating of AA+ (score: 92.5/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). LANC's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
17.87x
PEG
4.79x
P/S
1.62x
P/B
3.01x
P/FCF
16.22x
P/OCF
17.02x
EV/EBITDA
16.32x
EV/Revenue
2.50x
EV/EBIT
21.06x
EV/FCF
15.87x
Earnings Yield
3.62%
FCF Yield
6.17%
Shareholder Yield
2.27%
Graham Number
$73.33
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 17.9x earnings, LANC trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $73.33 per share, 136% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.784
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.993
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.119
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.567
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.290
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
18.7%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. LANC's ROE of 18.7% is driven by Asset Turnover (1.567), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Adj. Growth Rate
20.89%
Fair P/E
50.28x
Intrinsic Value
$329.96
Price/Value
0.55x
Margin of Safety
45.05%
Premium
-45.05%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with LANC's realized 20.9% 3-year EPS CAGR — what the company actually delivered, not what analysts hope for. At an intrinsic value of $329.96, LANC appears undervalued with a 45% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 50.3x compares to the current market P/E of 17.9x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$181.31
Median 1Y
$185.46
5th Pctile
$113.74
95th Pctile
$302.15
Ann. Volatility
29.4%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 18.7% 17.5% 16.7% 15.5% 11.3% 10.6% 11.4% 12.1% 15.5% 13.0% 13.8% 15.1% 15.6% 17.7% 17.8% 17.5% 19.0% 17.4% 17.7% 18.7% 18.70%
ROA 14.9% 13.6% 13.0% 12.0% 8.8% 8.2% 8.8% 9.3% 12.0% 10.1% 10.7% 11.7% 12.1% 13.7% 13.7% 13.5% 14.6% 13.5% 13.7% 14.5% 14.50%
ROIC 23.0% 20.7% 19.8% 18.2% 13.4% 10.9% 11.7% 12.4% 15.9% 13.7% 14.4% 15.7% 16.1% 18.8% 18.7% 19.8% 21.3% 19.4% 19.7% 19.6% 19.61%
ROCE 20.8% 19.6% 19.1% 17.7% 15.1% 15.5% 16.5% 17.2% 18.8% 17.6% 18.4% 20.0% 21.8% 20.9% 20.9% 21.8% 22.1% 20.7% 21.2% 21.2% 21.23%
Gross Margin 25.3% 25.1% 23.6% 22.5% 16.9% 21.8% 23.3% 21.4% 20.3% 20.5% 23.6% 25.0% 22.2% 21.6% 23.8% 26.1% 23.1% 22.3% 24.1% 26.5% 26.50%
Operating Margin 10.5% 10.6% 10.3% 10.6% -1.9% 7.5% 11.6% 10.8% 6.3% 2.5% 12.3% 13.5% 7.5% 9.2% 12.0% 14.9% 10.9% 8.2% 12.0% 14.5% 14.52%
Net Margin 8.1% 8.2% 7.8% 8.0% -1.1% 6.4% 8.8% 8.4% 5.3% 2.0% 9.5% 10.6% 6.0% 7.7% 9.6% 9.6% 9.0% 6.8% 9.6% 11.4% 11.41%
EBITDA Margin 13.6% 13.7% 13.2% 13.2% 6.3% 12.3% 14.2% 13.2% 9.3% 11.2% 15.2% 16.4% 13.1% 12.9% 15.1% 17.8% 14.3% 12.9% 15.7% 18.1% 18.13%
FCF Margin 8.8% 5.9% 3.0% 0.0% -2.7% -1.8% 1.6% 4.5% 6.7% 7.4% 6.8% 8.4% 10.5% 9.8% 9.0% 9.4% 10.2% 12.9% 16.2% 15.8% 15.76%
OCF Margin 13.6% 11.9% 9.9% 8.0% 5.8% 6.1% 9.0% 11.4% 12.5% 12.4% 11.3% 12.2% 13.8% 13.4% 12.6% 12.5% 11.0% 13.7% 16.1% 15.0% 15.02%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 16.65%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 15.39%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 12.91%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 16.16%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 17.24%
Cash ROA snapshot only 22.92%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 32.73%
CROIC snapshot only 34.34%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 9.00%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 11.80%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 12.19%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.48%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 31.50 34.57 31.70 33.76 41.57 37.23 40.52 50.55 40.65 47.69 37.19 34.30 41.78 32.06 29.97 30.02 28.20 28.38 29.35 27.63 17.873
P/S Ratio 3.17 3.35 2.85 2.71 2.38 1.99 2.29 2.94 2.93 2.91 2.35 2.37 2.96 2.72 2.54 2.48 2.54 2.49 2.57 2.56 1.623
P/B Ratio 5.67 5.84 5.11 5.03 4.55 3.95 4.63 6.11 6.31 6.15 5.07 5.14 6.44 5.49 5.16 5.09 5.17 4.76 4.99 4.98 3.008
P/FCF 35.79 57.00 94.29 13815.20 -89.18 -110.59 142.11 65.76 43.92 39.10 34.53 28.37 28.36 27.64 28.27 26.39 24.94 19.21 15.85 16.22 16.218
P/OCF 23.33 28.25 28.84 33.85 40.74 32.76 25.42 25.78 23.45 23.49 20.77 19.52 21.43 20.22 20.25 19.83 23.07 18.16 16.02 17.02 17.016
EV/EBITDA 19.10 21.10 18.65 19.46 19.72 17.47 19.61 25.10 23.86 24.11 18.97 17.91 20.92 18.44 17.30 16.38 16.42 16.15 16.55 16.32 16.323
EV/Revenue 3.04 3.25 2.75 2.61 2.29 1.98 2.27 2.92 2.92 2.88 2.32 2.34 2.93 2.66 2.49 2.42 2.48 2.43 2.52 2.50 2.502
EV/EBIT 23.63 26.28 23.41 24.94 26.24 23.06 25.50 32.39 30.45 31.53 24.82 23.21 26.65 23.25 21.89 20.62 20.72 20.60 21.18 21.06 21.057
EV/FCF 34.41 55.21 90.91 13311.02 -85.58 -109.79 141.24 65.45 43.72 38.67 34.07 28.00 28.06 27.07 27.64 25.80 24.39 18.78 15.52 15.87 15.872
Earnings Yield 3.2% 2.9% 3.2% 3.0% 2.4% 2.7% 2.5% 2.0% 2.5% 2.1% 2.7% 2.9% 2.4% 3.1% 3.3% 3.3% 3.5% 3.5% 3.4% 3.6% 3.62%
FCF Yield 2.8% 1.8% 1.1% 0.0% -1.1% -0.9% 0.7% 1.5% 2.3% 2.6% 2.9% 3.5% 3.5% 3.6% 3.5% 3.8% 4.0% 5.2% 6.3% 6.2% 6.17%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 4.787
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 6.408
EV/OCF snapshot only 16.653
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 10.392
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 21.792
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 2.27%
Graham Number snapshot only $73.33
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 3.05 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.12 2.12 2.12 2.12 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.22 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.381
Quick Ratio 2.38 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.473
Debt/Equity 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.056
Net Debt/Equity -0.22 -0.18 -0.18 -0.18 -0.18 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.11 -0.11 -0.11 -0.11 -0.11 -0.11 -0.11 -0.106
Debt/Assets 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.044
Debt/EBITDA 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.186
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.77 -0.69 -0.69 -0.74 -0.83 -0.13 -0.12 -0.12 -0.11 -0.27 -0.26 -0.24 -0.22 -0.39 -0.39 -0.38 -0.37 -0.37 -0.36 -0.36 -0.355
Interest Coverage
Equity Multiplier 1.27 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.277
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.867
Cash to Debt snapshot only 2.907
FCF to Debt snapshot only 5.517
Defensive Interval snapshot only 383.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.48 1.40 1.44 1.49 1.54 1.53 1.56 1.61 1.66 1.65 1.69 1.69 1.70 1.61 1.62 1.64 1.63 1.54 1.56 1.57 1.567
Inventory Turnover 11.96 10.44 10.86 11.47 12.14 9.91 10.11 10.44 10.70 9.47 9.64 9.57 9.54 8.68 8.70 8.77 8.68 8.49 8.60 8.62 8.621
Receivables Turnover 17.28 15.90 16.37 16.95 17.45 14.37 14.65 15.07 15.60 14.55 14.84 14.91 14.96 17.78 17.83 18.05 17.92 19.95 20.23 20.32 20.323
Payables Turnover 13.82 11.89 12.36 13.06 13.81 11.72 11.96 12.35 12.66 12.65 12.88 12.79 12.75 12.49 12.51 12.62 12.49 12.28 12.44 12.47 12.472
DSO 21 23 22 22 21 25 25 24 23 25 25 24 24 21 20 20 20 18 18 18 18.0 days
DIO 31 35 34 32 30 37 36 35 34 39 38 38 38 42 42 42 42 43 42 42 42.3 days
DPO 26 31 30 28 26 31 31 30 29 29 28 29 29 29 29 29 29 30 29 29 29.3 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 25 27 26 25 25 31 30 30 29 35 34 34 34 33 33 33 33 32 31 31 31.0 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 3.314
Operating Cycle snapshot only 60.3 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 12.043
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.655
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 4.9% 9.9% 12.1% 14.4% 14.8% 14.3% 13.2% 12.5% 13.1% 8.7% 8.7% 6.2% 2.9% 2.7% 1.0% 1.8% 0.7% 2.0% 3.2% 2.3% 2.34%
Net Income 1.0% 3.9% 1.9% -6.6% -34.6% -37.1% -29.0% -18.7% 42.2% 24.2% 21.9% 26.5% 1.4% 42.5% 35.5% 21.5% 27.6% 5.5% 6.6% 14.7% 14.69%
EPS 0.9% 3.7% 1.9% -6.4% -34.4% -36.9% -28.8% -18.8% 41.9% 24.1% 21.8% 26.7% 1.5% 42.6% 35.4% 21.2% 27.4% 5.5% 6.5% 15.0% 15.02%
FCF 66.8% -2.0% -54.5% -99.7% -1.3% -1.3% -39.8% 254.7% 3.8% 5.5% 3.6% 98.9% 61.4% 35.6% 33.3% 14.3% -2.0% 34.4% 86.1% 71.8% 71.76%
EBITDA 5.4% 5.0% 6.8% -2.1% -16.5% -16.1% -11.0% -2.5% 19.2% 14.9% 14.8% 19.2% 18.1% 24.1% 18.6% 15.1% 8.4% 6.5% 9.2% 6.1% 6.06%
Op. Income 3.4% 5.6% 2.4% -7.6% -35.7% -39.8% -32.0% -22.8% 37.5% 26.4% 23.4% 29.0% 3.3% 40.9% 33.2% 27.5% 31.9% 10.5% 12.7% 7.1% 7.14%
OCF Growth snapshot only 22.97%
Asset Growth snapshot only 5.62%
Equity Growth snapshot only 7.86%
Debt Growth snapshot only -3.67%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.29%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 5.44%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 5.2% 6.3% 6.8% 7.2% 7.6% 8.6% 8.8% 9.7% 10.8% 11.0% 11.3% 11.0% 10.1% 8.5% 7.5% 6.7% 5.4% 4.4% 4.2% 3.4% 3.40%
Revenue 5Y 3.4% 4.3% 4.9% 5.6% 6.1% 6.9% 7.2% 7.9% 8.6% 8.3% 8.4% 8.0% 7.7% 7.4% 7.2% 7.3% 7.1% 7.4% 7.5% 7.3% 7.31%
EPS 3Y 2.3% 1.6% -2.1% -5.0% -14.8% -15.8% -14.0% -11.6% -2.0% -6.7% -4.1% -1.3% -1.8% 3.7% 5.5% 7.6% 22.4% 23.1% 20.7% 20.9% 20.89%
EPS 5Y 3.7% 3.1% 1.2% -1.0% -4.7% -4.9% -2.8% -2.9% -0.1% -3.9% -4.1% -2.5% -2.3% 1.1% 0.9% 1.2% 4.0% 4.1% 5.0% 6.1% 6.07%
Net Income 3Y 2.4% 1.7% -2.1% -5.1% -14.9% -15.9% -14.1% -11.6% -2.1% -6.7% -4.1% -1.3% -1.9% 3.7% 5.5% 7.7% 22.5% 23.2% 20.7% 20.8% 20.77%
Net Income 5Y 3.9% 3.2% 1.3% -1.0% -4.7% -4.9% -2.8% -2.9% -0.0% -3.8% -4.1% -2.5% -2.4% 1.0% 0.9% 1.2% 4.0% 4.1% 5.0% 6.0% 5.99%
EBITDA 3Y 4.0% 4.2% 2.8% 0.0% -3.9% -3.1% -2.5% -2.0% 1.6% 0.4% 3.0% 4.4% 5.5% 6.1% 6.6% 10.2% 15.1% 14.9% 14.2% 13.3% 13.34%
EBITDA 5Y 2.1% 1.6% 0.5% -1.3% -1.7% -1.0% 0.5% 2.3% 2.3% 1.8% 2.1% 3.1% 4.5% 5.3% 4.8% 5.2% 6.1% 6.0% 7.2% 6.8% 6.79%
Gross Profit 3Y 8.1% 8.4% 7.7% 5.9% 3.0% 2.9% 2.4% 2.1% 4.3% 2.8% 3.6% 4.5% 4.1% 3.8% 4.0% 5.8% 8.1% 8.6% 8.6% 8.4% 8.36%
Gross Profit 5Y 5.5% 5.2% 4.4% 3.1% 1.9% 2.2% 2.9% 3.9% 5.6% 5.1% 5.2% 5.7% 5.7% 5.8% 5.2% 5.2% 5.2% 4.9% 5.3% 5.1% 5.07%
Op. Income 3Y 2.6% 2.7% 0.2% -4.9% -14.5% -16.3% -14.6% -12.1% -2.9% -7.0% -4.9% -2.8% -3.0% 2.4% 3.8% 8.3% 23.3% 25.3% 22.8% 20.8% 20.77%
Op. Income 5Y 0.9% 0.1% -1.7% -3.9% -7.8% -8.5% -6.4% -4.1% -0.9% -3.8% -3.3% -3.0% -2.3% 0.9% 0.5% 2.2% 4.5% 4.6% 5.3% 4.7% 4.67%
FCF 3Y -0.6% -12.7% -29.5% -87.2% -33.2% -4.1% 17.7% 15.5% 8.1% 15.3% 16.4% 28.7% 54.6% 7.3% 1.3% 57.5% 57.46%
FCF 5Y 0.2% -7.3% -19.7% -69.8% -23.7% -8.4% -0.8% 0.9% -0.6% 1.3% 7.7% 7.7% 12.8% 14.9% 20.9% 22.9% 25.6% 24.7% 24.67%
OCF 3Y 6.9% 2.7% -2.8% -13.0% -20.5% -19.8% -7.9% 1.8% 9.5% 9.8% 10.9% 13.3% 10.8% 13.0% 16.4% 23.8% 30.1% 36.9% 26.5% 13.4% 13.41%
OCF 5Y 6.8% 4.1% -0.7% -2.7% -8.6% -6.7% 2.2% 5.6% 7.9% 7.0% 5.3% 3.6% 6.7% 4.9% 3.7% 4.6% 3.7% 8.9% 15.1% 13.3% 13.33%
Assets 3Y 11.5% 11.0% 11.0% 11.0% 11.0% 6.4% 6.4% 6.4% 6.4% 3.9% 3.9% 3.9% 3.9% 3.1% 3.1% 3.1% 3.1% 5.3% 5.3% 5.3% 5.34%
Assets 5Y 7.2% 11.7% 11.7% 11.7% 11.7% 8.8% 8.8% 8.8% 8.8% 6.7% 6.7% 6.7% 6.7% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 5.1% 5.1% 5.1% 5.11%
Equity 3Y 10.8% 8.9% 8.9% 8.9% 8.9% 5.1% 5.1% 5.1% 5.1% 3.3% 3.3% 3.3% 3.3% 3.2% 3.2% 3.2% 3.2% 5.7% 5.7% 5.7% 5.73%
Book Value 3Y 10.7% 8.8% 8.9% 9.1% 9.1% 5.2% 5.2% 5.1% 5.2% 3.2% 3.3% 3.4% 3.3% 3.2% 3.2% 3.1% 3.1% 5.7% 5.7% 5.8% 5.83%
Dividend 3Y 2.4% 2.3% 2.4% 2.4% 2.4% 2.3% 2.2% 2.2% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.0% 2.0% 1.9% 1.8% 1.8% 1.8% 1.9% 1.88%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.91 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.89 0.91 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.97 0.96 0.97 0.92 0.92 0.91 0.89 0.887
Earnings Stability 0.67 0.56 0.19 0.01 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.23 0.21 0.49 0.64 0.56 0.18 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.13 0.16 0.30 0.47 0.474
Margin Stability 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.95 0.92 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.90 0.89 0.90 0.91 0.90 0.90 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.90 0.91 0.91 0.908
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 1.00 0.98 0.99 0.97 0.86 0.85 0.88 0.93 0.83 0.90 0.91 0.89 0.99 0.83 0.86 0.91 0.89 0.98 0.97 0.94 0.941
Earnings Smoothness 0.99 0.96 0.98 0.93 0.58 0.55 0.66 0.79 0.65 0.78 0.80 0.77 0.99 0.65 0.70 0.81 0.76 0.95 0.94 0.86 0.863
ROE Trend -0.03 -0.02 -0.03 -0.04 -0.08 -0.07 -0.05 -0.04 0.01 -0.01 -0.00 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.021
Gross Margin Trend 0.02 0.00 -0.00 -0.02 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.012
FCF Margin Trend 0.01 -0.02 -0.04 -0.07 -0.10 -0.08 -0.04 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.08 0.07 0.069
Sustainable Growth Rate 8.1% 7.5% 6.6% 5.1% 0.8% 0.3% 1.0% 1.5% 4.8% 2.2% 2.8% 4.0% 4.3% 6.8% 6.7% 6.3% 7.6% 6.6% 6.7% 7.7% 7.65%
Internal Growth Rate 6.9% 6.2% 5.4% 4.1% 0.7% 0.3% 0.8% 1.2% 3.8% 1.7% 2.2% 3.2% 3.4% 5.5% 5.5% 5.1% 6.2% 5.4% 5.5% 6.3% 6.31%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.35 1.22 1.10 1.00 1.02 1.14 1.59 1.96 1.73 2.03 1.79 1.76 1.95 1.59 1.48 1.51 1.22 1.56 1.83 1.62 1.624
FCF/OCF 0.65 0.50 0.31 0.00 -0.46 -0.30 0.18 0.39 0.53 0.60 0.60 0.69 0.76 0.73 0.72 0.75 0.92 0.95 1.01 1.05 1.049
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.704
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.980
CapEx/Revenue 4.7% 6.0% 6.9% 8.0% 8.5% 7.9% 7.4% 6.9% 5.8% 4.9% 4.5% 3.8% 3.4% 3.6% 3.6% 3.1% 0.8% 0.7% 0.2% 0.7% 0.74%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.215
Accruals Ratio -0.05 -0.03 -0.01 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.05 -0.09 -0.09 -0.10 -0.08 -0.09 -0.11 -0.08 -0.07 -0.07 -0.03 -0.08 -0.11 -0.09 -0.090
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.056
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.421
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 1.8% 1.7% 1.9% 2.0% 2.2% 2.6% 2.3% 1.7% 1.7% 1.7% 2.1% 2.1% 1.7% 1.9% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.2% 2.1% 2.1% 3.40%
Dividend/Share $2.90 $2.95 $3.00 $3.06 $3.11 $3.16 $3.21 $3.26 $3.31 $3.36 $3.41 $3.47 $3.52 $3.56 $3.62 $3.67 $3.71 $3.77 $3.82 $3.88 $3.90
Payout Ratio 56.6% 57.1% 60.8% 66.9% 92.5% 96.8% 91.3% 87.7% 69.4% 83.0% 79.7% 73.6% 72.6% 61.7% 62.3% 64.3% 60.2% 61.8% 61.8% 59.1% 59.08%
FCF Payout Ratio 64.3% 94.1% 1.8% 273.7% 3.2% 1.1% 74.9% 68.1% 74.0% 60.9% 49.3% 53.2% 58.8% 56.5% 53.2% 41.9% 33.4% 34.7% 34.68%
Total Payout Ratio 60.0% 63.1% 71.0% 77.9% 1.0% 1.1% 93.7% 90.1% 76.4% 91.3% 93.1% 85.8% 78.4% 66.6% 63.9% 65.8% 61.1% 66.6% 65.7% 62.7% 62.72%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.076
Buyback Yield 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.4% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.13%
Net Buyback Yield 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.4% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.13%
Total Shareholder Return 1.9% 1.8% 2.2% 2.3% 2.5% 2.8% 2.3% 1.8% 1.9% 1.9% 2.5% 2.5% 1.9% 2.1% 2.1% 2.2% 2.2% 2.3% 2.2% 2.3% 2.27%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.76 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.78 0.77 0.77 0.76 0.77 0.77 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.784
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.02 1.02 1.00 1.00 0.85 0.78 0.79 0.80 0.95 0.86 0.87 0.89 0.84 0.96 0.96 0.90 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.99 0.993
EBIT Margin 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.119
Asset Turnover 1.48 1.40 1.44 1.49 1.54 1.53 1.56 1.61 1.66 1.65 1.69 1.69 1.70 1.61 1.62 1.64 1.63 1.54 1.56 1.57 1.567
Equity Multiplier 1.26 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.290
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $5.12 $5.17 $4.94 $4.58 $3.36 $3.26 $3.52 $3.71 $4.77 $4.05 $4.28 $4.71 $4.84 $5.77 $5.80 $5.71 $6.17 $6.09 $6.18 $6.56 $6.56
Book Value/Share $28.46 $30.63 $30.64 $30.70 $30.72 $30.77 $30.76 $30.72 $30.73 $31.37 $31.39 $31.42 $31.41 $33.69 $33.69 $33.67 $33.67 $36.32 $36.32 $36.42 $38.18
Tangible Book/Share $18.52 $20.92 $20.93 $20.97 $20.99 $22.00 $22.00 $21.97 $21.97 $23.61 $23.63 $23.65 $23.64 $26.10 $26.11 $26.09 $26.09 $28.22 $28.21 $28.30 $28.30
Revenue/Share $50.95 $53.29 $54.88 $56.92 $58.65 $61.06 $62.27 $63.97 $66.22 $66.30 $67.65 $68.04 $68.25 $68.11 $68.30 $69.11 $68.61 $69.45 $70.42 $70.94 $70.91
FCF/Share $4.51 $3.14 $1.66 $0.01 $-1.57 $-1.10 $1.00 $2.86 $4.42 $4.94 $4.61 $5.69 $7.13 $6.69 $6.15 $6.49 $6.98 $8.99 $11.44 $11.18 $9.06
OCF/Share $6.91 $6.33 $5.43 $4.56 $3.43 $3.71 $5.60 $7.28 $8.27 $8.22 $7.67 $8.27 $9.44 $9.15 $8.58 $8.64 $7.54 $9.51 $11.32 $10.66 $11.58
Cash/Share $7.20 $6.83 $6.83 $6.85 $6.85 $2.20 $2.20 $2.19 $2.19 $3.22 $3.22 $3.22 $3.22 $5.95 $5.95 $5.94 $5.94 $5.87 $5.87 $5.89 $7.98
EBITDA/Share $8.12 $8.20 $8.10 $7.65 $6.80 $6.90 $7.22 $7.45 $8.09 $7.92 $8.28 $8.90 $9.57 $9.83 $9.83 $10.22 $10.36 $10.46 $10.72 $10.87 $10.87
Debt/Share $0.97 $1.21 $1.21 $1.21 $1.21 $1.32 $1.32 $1.32 $1.32 $1.09 $1.09 $1.09 $1.09 $2.10 $2.10 $2.10 $2.10 $2.02 $2.02 $2.03 $2.03
Net Debt/Share $-6.23 $-5.62 $-5.63 $-5.64 $-5.64 $-0.88 $-0.88 $-0.87 $-0.88 $-2.13 $-2.13 $-2.13 $-2.13 $-3.85 $-3.85 $-3.85 $-3.85 $-3.85 $-3.85 $-3.86 $-3.86
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score 14.951
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 25.601
Piotroski F-Score 6 5 5 5 6 5 5 4 6 7 8 9 9 8 7 7 7 6 7 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.62 -2.43 -2.36 -2.22 -2.10 -2.15 -2.41 -2.57 -2.71 -3.12 -3.04 -3.16 -3.21 -3.02 -2.95 -2.97 -2.82 -2.84 -2.98 -2.89 -2.886
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -11.109
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 27.37%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $6.11
EVA snapshot only $85763746.34
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AA+
Credit Score 92.07 92.59 92.37 87.43 86.54 86.59 93.53 93.60 92.99 93.24 92.39 92.77 92.08 92.56 91.99 92.27 92.01 92.41 91.47 92.47 92.473
Credit Grade snapshot only 2
Credit Trend snapshot only 0.203
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 65.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 85
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 86

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