$79.07

+3.98 (+5.30%)

Weekly Expected Move ±7.6%

$67 $73 $79 $85 $91

NYSE · Technology · Hardware, Equipment & Parts · Tech Score Buy · Power 67 · $1.1B mcap · 11M float · 5.04% daily turnover · Short 70% of daily vol

Edge Score

Quantitative competitive moat analysis scoring five pillars of durable advantage — cost leadership, brand intangibles, switching costs, network effects, and efficient scale — using industry percentile rankings on a 0–100 scale.

WEAK EDGE

50.4 / 100

NoneWeakNarrowWide

Primary source: Efficient Scale · ROIC: 2.2% · 5Y Avg: 5.6%

Cost Advantage

Intangibles

Switching Cost

Network Effect

Scale ★

The Edge Score quantifies a company's competitive moat using five pillars: Cost Advantage (20%, operating margin and SG&A efficiency vs industry peers), Intangible Assets (25%, gross margin premium, R&D intensity, brand pricing power), Switching Costs (25%, revenue stability, earnings consistency, customer retention proxied by operating leverage), Network Effects (15%, revenue growth with expanding margins, market share dominance), and Efficient Scale (15%, market concentration, ROIC sustainability). Each pillar is scored 0–100 using industry percentile rankings, then weighted into a composite. Wide ≥ 70, Narrow ≥ 55, Weak ≥ 40, None < 40. VPG shows a Weak competitive edge (50.4/100) — limited structural advantages that may face competitive pressure. The primary source of advantage is Efficient Scale. ROIC of 2.2% suggests modest returns relative to capital deployed.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets

Low

$60

Avg Target

$60

High

Based on 4 analyst ratings (12 mo)

Analyst Recommendations

Strong Buy: 0Buy: 6Hold: 0Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0

Rating Summary

ConsensusBuy

Avg Target$60.00

Analysts4

Price Target Change History

Date	Firm	Analyst	Old	New	Change	Upside @ Call	Stock@Call
2026-05-13	Lake Street	Jaeson Schmidt	$54	$98	+44	+4.0%	$94.24
2026-02-12	Lake Street	—	$44	$54	+10	+17.5%	$45.94
2025-12-18	Lake Street	—	Initiated	$44	—	+12.3%	$39.17
2025-12-18	Loop Capital Markets	Jaeson Schmidt	Initiated	$44	—	+13.3%	$38.84
2024-10-29	B.Riley Financial	Josh Nichols	Initiated	$27	—	+14.0%	$23.69

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C+

Oct 02, 2026

DCF

ROE

ROA

D/E

P/E

P/B

The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. VPG receives an overall rating of C+. Areas of concern: ROE (2/5), D/E (2/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (2/5).

Rating Change History

Date	From	To
2026-10-01	B-	C+
2026-09-02	C+	B-
2026-08-20	B-	C+
2026-08-06	C	B-
2026-08-05	B-	C
2026-07-25	B	B-
2026-07-06	B-	B
2026-07-01	B	B-
2026-05-14	B-	B
2026-05-06	B	B-

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 47 Grade C

Profitability

Balance Sheet

Earnings Quality

Growth

Value

Momentum

Safety

100

Cash Flow

The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. VPG scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Profitability (13/100). A grade of C represents mixed fundamentals — strengths in some areas offset by weaknesses.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score

10.32

Safe Zone

Piotroski F-Score

5/9

✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓

Beneish M-Score

-1.78

Unlikely Manipulator

Ohlson O-Score

-9.00

Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%

Low Risk

Credit Rating

Score: 72.7/100

Trend: Improving

Earnings Quality

50/100

OCF/NI: 0.78x

Accruals: 0.2%

The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. VPG scores 10.32, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. VPG scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. VPG's score of -1.78 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. VPG's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. VPG receives an estimated rating of A (score: 72.7/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). VPG's score of 50/100 is moderate — some divergence between reported earnings and underlying cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E

263.57x

PEG

0.81x

P/S

2.55x

P/B

3.16x

P/FCF

-216.62x

P/OCF

568.64x

EV/EBITDA

49.86x

EV/Revenue

3.83x

EV/EBIT

141.24x

EV/FCF

-211.74x

Earnings Yield

0.22%

FCF Yield

-0.46%

Shareholder Yield

0.00%

Graham Number

$12.38

Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 263.6x earnings, VPG is priced for high growth expectations. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $12.38 per share, 538% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden

0.517

NI / EBT

Interest Burden

0.627

EBT / EBIT

EBIT Margin

0.027

EBIT / Rev

Asset Turnover

0.901

Rev / Assets

Equity Multiplier

1.380

Assets / Equity

ROE

1.1%

The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. VPG's ROE of 1.1% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.901), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue. A tax burden ratio of 0.52 suggests the company retains less than 60% of pre-tax earnings after taxes.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate

0.00%

Fair P/E

8.50x

Intrinsic Value

$2.32

Price/Value

52.47x

Margin of Safety

-5146.50%

Premium

5146.50%

Assessment

Overvalued

Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with VPG's realized 0.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. VPG trades at a 5147% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $2.32, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 8.5x compares to the current market P/E of 263.6x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price

$79.09

Median 1Y

$78.45

5th Pctile

$34.30

95th Pctile

$179.84

Ann. Volatility

48.6%

25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical

Executive Compensation

C-suite compensation breakdown including salary, stock awards, options, and incentive pay. The CEO-to-employee pay ratio and Gini coefficient measure pay distribution fairness.

C-Suite Compensation

Executive	Salary	Stock	Total
Ziv Shoshani President and Chief Executive Officer	$743,235	$1,300,661	$2,279,041
William M. Clancy Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	$419,514	$314,635	$796,986
Amir Tal Accounting Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer	$333,823	$250,367	$722,298
Rafi Ouzan Operating Vice President and Chief Operating Officer	$299,928	$89,978	$510,871
Yair Alcobi Business e Vice President and Chief Business & Product officer	$52,337	$—	$97,148

CEO Pay Ratio

44:1

CEO-to-Employee Pay Ratio

CEO Total Comp: $2,279,041

Avg Employee Cost (SGA/emp): $52,208

Employees: 2,100

C-Suite Pay Equality (Gini)

CEO Compensation Mix

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees

2,100

-4.5% YoY

Revenue / Employee

$146,287

Rev: $307,202,000

Profit / Employee

$2,520

NI: $5,293,000

SGA / Employee

$52,208

Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
ROE	5.5%	7.6%	8.0%	10.3%	11.9%	12.4%	12.3%	11.3%	9.9%	8.1%	7.7%	6.5%	4.1%	3.0%	0.9%	-0.4%	2.4%	1.6%	1.8%	1.1%	1.09%
ROA	3.4%	4.7%	5.0%	6.3%	7.3%	7.7%	7.8%	7.2%	6.5%	5.4%	5.2%	4.4%	2.8%	2.1%	0.7%	-0.3%	1.7%	1.2%	1.3%	0.8%	0.79%
ROIC	5.9%	7.6%	8.0%	9.4%	10.8%	11.7%	11.9%	11.8%	10.5%	9.3%	8.5%	7.1%	5.2%	3.2%	1.3%	-1.4%	3.1%	2.8%	3.1%	2.2%	2.25%
ROCE	5.7%	6.8%	7.2%	9.6%	11.1%	11.5%	11.6%	11.2%	10.5%	10.3%	10.9%	9.1%	6.2%	4.6%	2.2%	1.1%	3.3%	2.6%	2.8%	2.9%	2.86%
Gross Margin	38.8%	38.7%	40.2%	42.1%	41.4%	41.2%	41.9%	42.6%	41.9%	43.0%	43.4%	41.9%	40.0%	38.2%	37.7%	40.7%	40.3%	36.8%	39.0%	38.8%	38.81%
Operating Margin	8.9%	9.7%	9.5%	11.9%	13.2%	13.6%	11.2%	13.0%	9.6%	13.4%	8.6%	7.6%	5.1%	0.3%	-0.1%	3.6%	12.7%	2.0%	0.9%	0.0%	0.03%
Net Margin	6.6%	6.6%	7.3%	12.1%	11.2%	9.2%	7.8%	9.1%	7.3%	4.7%	7.3%	6.0%	-1.8%	1.1%	-1.3%	0.3%	9.9%	-2.3%	-0.4%	-1.2%	-1.21%
EBITDA Margin	13.9%	13.4%	14.3%	20.0%	18.9%	16.0%	15.8%	18.4%	16.0%	15.1%	15.7%	12.7%	6.7%	9.0%	4.6%	7.1%	17.4%	4.7%	5.2%	5.8%	5.77%
FCF Margin	4.0%	5.2%	3.6%	3.5%	4.1%	3.2%	5.8%	6.3%	6.6%	8.7%	8.5%	8.4%	5.9%	3.3%	3.4%	3.3%	3.2%	2.1%	-0.3%	-1.8%	-1.81%
OCF Margin	10.1%	10.5%	8.3%	8.6%	10.1%	9.1%	11.5%	11.6%	11.0%	12.9%	12.6%	12.5%	9.7%	6.3%	6.1%	5.6%	5.6%	4.7%	2.7%	0.7%	0.69%
ROE 3Y Avg	snapshot only																				2.38%
ROE 5Y Avg	snapshot only																				5.54%
ROA 3Y Avg	snapshot only																				1.69%
ROIC 3Y Avg	snapshot only																				1.77%
ROIC Economic	snapshot only																				1.83%
Cash ROA	snapshot only																				0.63%
Cash ROIC	snapshot only																				0.96%
CROIC	snapshot only																				-2.52%
NOPAT Margin	snapshot only																				1.61%
Pretax Margin	snapshot only																				1.70%
R&D / Revenue	snapshot only																				0.00%
SGA / Revenue	snapshot only																				36.69%
SBC / Revenue	snapshot only																				0.23%

Valuation

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
P/E Ratio	33.51	25.13	20.42	13.57	12.22	14.66	15.55	14.87	15.16	18.03	19.32	19.41	25.27	31.38	103.71	-295.05	54.15	96.59	100.63	445.95	263.567
P/S Ratio	1.59	1.60	1.32	1.11	1.14	1.46	1.57	1.39	1.27	1.31	1.37	1.22	1.04	1.01	1.07	1.28	1.44	1.66	1.86	3.92	2.551
P/B Ratio	1.79	1.83	1.57	1.35	1.42	1.72	1.81	1.58	1.42	1.41	1.45	1.25	1.02	0.97	0.98	1.14	1.27	1.52	1.78	4.86	3.163
P/FCF	39.38	30.84	36.70	31.27	27.87	45.02	26.82	21.95	19.12	15.08	16.06	14.51	17.80	30.85	31.95	38.28	44.84	80.50	-568.58	-216.62	-216.619
P/OCF	15.77	15.15	15.97	12.91	11.28	16.00	13.66	11.95	11.60	10.10	10.85	9.81	10.81	16.16	17.65	22.72	25.68	35.55	69.73	568.64	568.645
EV/EBITDA	13.46	12.20	10.24	7.33	6.93	8.37	8.75	7.81	7.41	7.56	7.97	7.65	7.61	8.40	11.72	16.87	13.34	18.60	20.40	49.86	49.857
EV/Revenue	1.63	1.62	1.35	1.13	1.15	1.45	1.54	1.35	1.23	1.23	1.30	1.14	0.97	0.94	0.98	1.16	1.29	1.59	1.74	3.83	3.831
EV/EBIT	21.92	18.94	15.66	10.31	9.37	11.09	11.51	10.33	9.98	10.33	11.01	11.17	12.33	15.63	32.78	77.60	29.55	47.33	49.68	141.24	141.242
EV/FCF	40.52	31.21	37.62	31.87	28.24	44.72	26.41	21.31	18.48	14.25	15.23	13.55	16.48	28.48	29.03	34.69	40.41	76.82	-532.19	-211.74	-211.741
Earnings Yield	3.0%	4.0%	4.9%	7.4%	8.2%	6.8%	6.4%	6.7%	6.6%	5.5%	5.2%	5.2%	4.0%	3.2%	1.0%	-0.3%	1.8%	1.0%	1.0%	0.2%	0.22%
FCF Yield	2.5%	3.2%	2.7%	3.2%	3.6%	2.2%	3.7%	4.6%	5.2%	6.6%	6.2%	6.9%	5.6%	3.2%	3.1%	2.6%	2.2%	1.2%	-0.2%	-0.5%	-0.46%
PEG Ratio	snapshot only																				0.812
Price/Tangible Book	snapshot only																				6.485
EV/OCF	snapshot only																				555.838
EV/Gross Profit	snapshot only																				9.888
Acquirers Multiple	snapshot only																				125.658
Shareholder Yield	snapshot only																				0.00%
Graham Number	snapshot only																				$12.38

Leverage & Solvency

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Current Ratio	4.10	3.64	4.01	4.00	4.10	3.91	4.26	4.32	4.35	3.94	2.63	2.67	4.41	4.47	4.51	4.35	4.10	4.47	4.47	4.15	4.155
Quick Ratio	2.69	2.45	2.65	2.58	2.62	2.60	2.82	2.86	2.84	2.51	1.65	1.68	2.80	2.88	2.94	2.87	2.71	2.97	2.97	2.72	2.723
Debt/Equity	0.33	0.33	0.32	0.30	0.30	0.28	0.27	0.26	0.25	0.18	0.18	0.18	0.17	0.17	0.17	0.17	0.13	0.19	0.13	0.12	0.118
Net Debt/Equity	0.05	0.02	0.04	0.03	0.02	-0.01	-0.03	-0.05	-0.05	-0.08	-0.08	-0.08	-0.08	-0.07	-0.09	-0.11	-0.13	-0.07	-0.11	-0.11	-0.110
Debt/Assets	0.20	0.20	0.19	0.19	0.19	0.18	0.18	0.17	0.17	0.12	0.13	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.09	0.14	0.10	0.09	0.087
Debt/EBITDA	2.43	2.15	2.02	1.62	1.44	1.36	1.32	1.33	1.34	1.01	1.03	1.15	1.36	1.62	2.21	2.72	1.51	2.44	1.63	1.24	1.237
Net Debt/EBITDA	0.38	0.15	0.25	0.14	0.09	-0.06	-0.13	-0.23	-0.26	-0.44	-0.44	-0.54	-0.61	-0.70	-1.18	-1.75	-1.46	-0.89	-1.39	-1.15	-1.149
Interest Coverage	18.31	22.07	23.03	27.10	25.54	20.87	16.62	13.30	10.93	10.67	11.37	10.73	9.38	7.31	3.64	1.88	6.20	5.32	6.54	6.09	6.087
Equity Multiplier	1.67	1.67	1.62	1.61	1.59	1.56	1.53	1.51	1.49	1.43	1.42	1.42	1.40	1.40	1.40	1.41	1.37	1.36	1.36	1.35	1.355
Cash Ratio	snapshot only																				1.288
Debt Service Coverage	snapshot only																				17.244
Cash to Debt	snapshot only																				1.929
FCF to Debt	snapshot only																				-0.190
Defensive Interval	snapshot only																				341.5 days

Efficiency & Turnover

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Asset Turnover	0.72	0.74	0.78	0.78	0.79	0.77	0.78	0.77	0.77	0.75	0.73	0.70	0.68	0.66	0.65	0.64	0.65	0.68	0.70	0.90	0.901
Inventory Turnover	2.54	2.78	2.83	2.58	2.58	2.64	2.54	2.45	2.39	2.37	2.24	2.13	2.09	2.10	2.07	2.04	2.09	2.25	2.33	2.97	2.967
Receivables Turnover	6.15	6.14	6.51	6.30	6.55	6.13	6.14	6.14	6.44	6.09	6.22	6.04	5.88	5.70	5.81	5.79	5.32	5.71	5.73	7.23	7.233
Payables Turnover	16.60	15.20	18.89	17.25	18.13	14.86	18.15	16.65	19.02	16.06	18.09	16.17	17.12	16.77	17.52	16.61	17.50	18.39	18.12	23.21	23.215
DSO	59	59	56	58	56	60	59	59	57	60	59	60	62	64	63	63	69	64	64	50	50.5 days
DIO	144	131	129	141	141	138	143	149	153	154	163	171	174	174	176	179	175	162	156	123	123.0 days
DPO	22	24	19	21	20	25	20	22	19	23	20	23	21	22	21	22	21	20	20	16	15.7 days
Cash Conversion Cycle	181	167	166	178	177	173	183	186	190	191	201	209	215	216	218	220	223	206	200	158	157.8 days
Fixed Asset Turnover	snapshot only																				4.252
Operating Cycle	snapshot only																				173.5 days
Cash Velocity	snapshot only																				5.455
Capital Intensity	snapshot only																				1.091

Growth (YoY)

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Revenue	15.1%	17.8%	22.8%	20.6%	17.5%	14.0%	8.6%	5.1%	1.5%	-2.1%	-4.6%	-8.9%	-10.6%	-13.7%	-14.3%	-11.5%	-7.5%	0.2%	7.5%	39.8%	39.85%
Net Income	-1.1%	87.5%	73.8%	94.9%	1.3%	78.3%	69.6%	20.0%	-8.7%	-28.7%	-32.8%	-38.5%	-55.9%	-61.4%	-87.5%	-1.1%	-40.7%	-46.6%	92.2%	3.8%	3.84%
EPS	-1.3%	87.1%	73.2%	94.3%	1.3%	78.5%	69.9%	20.2%	-8.5%	-28.3%	-31.9%	-37.2%	-54.5%	-60.4%	-87.3%	-1.1%	-41.1%	-46.7%	91.6%	3.8%	3.84%
FCF	13.8%	33.3%	29.4%	14.8%	19.0%	-28.7%	76.8%	87.4%	65.1%	1.6%	39.4%	21.4%	-21.0%	-67.2%	-66.3%	-65.0%	-49.5%	-37.0%	-1.1%	-1.8%	-1.76%
EBITDA	22.6%	30.9%	29.2%	46.8%	61.1%	48.8%	45.3%	17.7%	1.0%	-7.6%	-11.8%	-21.2%	-31.3%	-41.0%	-56.3%	-59.3%	-29.5%	-23.2%	10.4%	56.8%	56.80%
Op. Income	27.8%	17.1%	16.8%	36.8%	60.9%	60.0%	55.3%	33.8%	8.9%	-4.2%	-14.2%	-29.1%	-33.3%	-59.8%	-74.6%	-79.8%	-54.6%	-14.6%	54.3%	88.2%	88.23%
OCF Growth	snapshot only																				-82.84%
Asset Growth	snapshot only																				-3.19%
Equity Growth	snapshot only																				0.46%
Debt Growth	snapshot only																				-28.71%
Shares Change	snapshot only																				0.01%

Growth (CAGR)

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Revenue 3Y	1.2%	2.0%	3.4%	5.1%	6.9%	8.5%	9.8%	11.6%	11.1%	9.6%	8.4%	4.9%	2.2%	-1.2%	-3.9%	-5.4%	-5.7%	-5.4%	-4.2%	4.1%	4.11%
Revenue 5Y	5.9%	7.2%	8.0%	8.4%	8.2%	7.3%	6.3%	5.5%	4.4%	3.4%	2.7%	2.2%	2.1%	1.5%	1.6%	2.3%	2.6%	2.6%	3.2%	7.4%	7.41%
EPS 3Y	-16.8%	-5.3%	-7.3%	4.5%	14.9%	17.4%	28.4%	36.2%	27.6%	33.8%	26.1%	13.6%	-1.4%	-20.3%	-47.2%	—	-37.4%	-46.7%	-45.1%	-52.2%	-52.21%
EPS 5Y	—	25.4%	21.8%	23.6%	20.4%	20.0%	15.9%	9.5%	3.9%	1.7%	-1.6%	-3.0%	-8.8%	-14.4%	-28.8%	—	-11.0%	-12.8%	-13.4%	-23.9%	-23.92%
Net Income 3Y	-16.5%	-5.1%	-7.0%	4.7%	15.2%	17.6%	28.6%	36.4%	27.7%	33.6%	25.6%	12.9%	-2.4%	-21.2%	-47.8%	—	-37.9%	-47.3%	-45.6%	-52.6%	-52.64%
Net Income 5Y	—	25.9%	22.2%	24.1%	20.9%	20.2%	16.2%	9.8%	4.2%	1.7%	-1.7%	-3.2%	-9.3%	-14.9%	-29.2%	—	-11.4%	-13.3%	-13.8%	-24.3%	-24.30%
EBITDA 3Y	-7.8%	-3.6%	-5.0%	3.0%	9.2%	15.4%	23.5%	30.3%	25.9%	21.7%	18.3%	10.8%	3.8%	-6.7%	-17.6%	-27.8%	-21.2%	-25.2%	-24.8%	-20.5%	-20.51%
EBITDA 5Y	12.7%	10.8%	9.8%	12.2%	12.8%	13.3%	11.6%	8.4%	5.0%	4.3%	1.9%	0.2%	-2.0%	-3.5%	-6.2%	-6.6%	-0.7%	-4.0%	-4.4%	-2.8%	-2.80%
Gross Profit 3Y	0.5%	1.1%	1.6%	4.2%	7.0%	10.3%	13.5%	15.9%	15.0%	13.0%	11.2%	7.4%	4.6%	0.1%	-3.8%	-6.0%	-6.7%	-7.2%	-6.2%	1.5%	1.51%
Gross Profit 5Y	7.7%	8.6%	9.0%	9.4%	9.3%	8.8%	7.8%	6.6%	5.3%	4.4%	3.3%	2.9%	2.9%	2.4%	2.5%	3.3%	3.3%	2.8%	3.0%	6.9%	6.92%
Op. Income 3Y	-12.8%	-9.7%	-11.1%	-3.2%	5.1%	15.2%	29.7%	39.5%	30.8%	21.5%	15.9%	9.1%	5.3%	-14.9%	-30.3%	-42.3%	-30.9%	-31.0%	-30.5%	-35.4%	-35.38%
Op. Income 5Y	33.0%	20.6%	16.8%	14.9%	14.5%	15.2%	11.7%	8.0%	3.0%	2.4%	-1.3%	-3.0%	-3.3%	-10.1%	-13.8%	-17.2%	-7.5%	-9.2%	-9.4%	-13.2%	-13.16%
FCF 3Y	-2.8%	-7.6%	-24.7%	-26.3%	-20.4%	-15.9%	5.9%	17.8%	30.7%	35.5%	47.2%	37.7%	15.8%	-15.1%	-6.0%	-7.3%	-13.0%	-18.5%	—	—	—
FCF 5Y	13.9%	75.3%	28.3%	5.5%	5.4%	-5.7%	11.5%	12.5%	12.5%	8.1%	1.1%	-1.9%	-8.0%	-12.6%	-11.0%	-7.0%	-2.3%	-12.5%	—	—	—
OCF 3Y	5.7%	-1.8%	-12.8%	-12.8%	-5.1%	2.2%	12.8%	11.6%	10.8%	9.1%	8.2%	10.3%	0.8%	-16.9%	-13.2%	-17.8%	-22.5%	-24.2%	-41.1%	-59.4%	-59.39%
OCF 5Y	15.1%	24.0%	15.2%	10.0%	12.8%	7.8%	14.0%	13.3%	8.9%	5.3%	1.0%	-1.6%	-5.8%	-9.1%	-9.1%	-11.5%	-10.5%	-16.4%	-24.4%	-38.0%	-37.97%
Assets 3Y	11.8%	12.3%	10.1%	10.2%	9.6%	8.8%	9.6%	8.2%	7.2%	5.5%	5.4%	1.7%	0.9%	-0.8%	-0.3%	0.5%	0.6%	-1.5%	-1.9%	-2.5%	-2.55%
Assets 5Y	10.6%	11.3%	10.5%	10.0%	9.0%	9.2%	8.8%	9.1%	8.5%	7.6%	6.3%	6.2%	6.1%	4.0%	4.5%	3.9%	3.3%	2.6%	2.6%	0.5%	0.47%
Equity 3Y	7.9%	8.3%	7.4%	6.8%	6.6%	8.3%	9.7%	9.6%	8.7%	8.6%	7.9%	7.1%	7.0%	5.1%	4.9%	5.1%	5.6%	3.1%	2.1%	1.1%	1.14%
Book Value 3Y	7.6%	8.0%	7.1%	6.6%	6.3%	8.2%	9.5%	9.5%	8.6%	8.7%	8.4%	7.8%	8.1%	6.3%	6.0%	6.1%	6.6%	4.2%	3.0%	2.0%	2.05%
Dividend 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Growth Quality

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Revenue Stability	0.52	0.60	0.61	0.68	0.75	0.78	0.73	0.69	0.61	0.57	0.51	0.47	0.43	0.23	0.14	0.11	0.09	0.05	0.07	0.33	0.329
Earnings Stability	0.29	0.20	0.13	0.21	0.18	0.28	0.22	0.26	0.18	0.16	0.13	0.14	0.02	0.00	0.01	0.04	0.04	0.10	0.18	0.37	0.368
Margin Stability	0.95	0.97	0.96	0.96	0.97	0.97	0.96	0.96	0.96	0.96	0.96	0.97	0.97	0.97	0.95	0.95	0.96	0.96	0.96	0.96	0.958
Rev. Growth Consistency	0.50	0.50	0.50	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency	0.00	0.50	0.50	1.00	0.50	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.50	0.50	0.500
FCF Positive Streak	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0
Earnings Persistence	1.00	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.92	0.97	0.89	0.87	0.85	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.20	0.84	0.81	0.50	0.20	0.200
Earnings Smoothness	0.99	0.39	0.46	0.36	0.21	0.44	0.48	0.82	0.91	0.66	0.61	0.52	0.22	0.11	0.00	—	0.49	0.39	0.37	—	—
ROE Trend	-0.02	0.01	0.02	0.04	0.06	0.06	0.05	0.03	0.01	-0.02	-0.02	-0.04	-0.06	-0.07	-0.09	-0.09	-0.04	-0.04	-0.02	-0.02	-0.019
Gross Margin Trend	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.01	-0.01	-0.03	-0.03	-0.03	-0.03	-0.02	-0.02	-0.021
FCF Margin Trend	-0.03	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	0.00	-0.02	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.01	-0.03	-0.04	-0.04	-0.03	-0.04	-0.06	-0.08	-0.077
Sustainable Growth Rate	5.5%	7.6%	8.0%	10.3%	11.9%	12.4%	12.3%	11.3%	9.9%	8.1%	7.7%	6.5%	4.1%	3.0%	0.9%	—	2.4%	1.6%	1.8%	1.1%	1.09%
Internal Growth Rate	3.5%	4.9%	5.3%	6.8%	7.9%	8.3%	8.5%	7.8%	6.9%	5.7%	5.5%	4.6%	2.9%	2.2%	0.7%	—	1.7%	1.2%	1.3%	0.8%	0.80%

Cash Flow Quality

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
OCF/Net Income	2.13	1.66	1.28	1.05	1.08	0.92	1.14	1.24	1.31	1.79	1.78	1.98	2.34	1.94	5.88	-12.99	2.11	2.72	1.44	0.78	0.784
FCF/OCF	0.40	0.49	0.43	0.41	0.40	0.36	0.51	0.54	0.61	0.67	0.68	0.68	0.61	0.52	0.55	0.59	0.57	0.44	-0.12	-2.63	-2.625
FCF/Net Income	snapshot only																				-2.059
OCF/EBITDA	snapshot only																				0.090
CapEx/Revenue	6.0%	5.4%	4.7%	5.0%	6.0%	5.9%	5.6%	5.3%	4.3%	4.3%	4.1%	4.0%	3.8%	3.0%	2.7%	2.3%	2.4%	2.6%	3.0%	2.5%	2.50%
CapEx/Depreciation	snapshot only																				0.503
Accruals Ratio	-0.04	-0.03	-0.01	-0.00	-0.01	0.01	-0.01	-0.02	-0.02	-0.04	-0.04	-0.04	-0.04	-0.02	-0.03	-0.04	-0.02	-0.02	-0.01	0.00	0.002
Sloan Accruals	snapshot only																				-0.065
Cash Flow Adequacy	snapshot only																				0.276
Earnings Quality Score	snapshot only																				0.500

Dividends & Buybacks

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Dividend Yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
Dividend/Share	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00
Payout Ratio	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	—	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
FCF Payout Ratio	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	—	—	—
Total Payout Ratio	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	3.2%	7.6%	9.7%	11.7%	12.2%	26.2%	35.2%	54.2%	93.7%	78.9%	1.7%	—	3.2%	6.0%	1.0%	1.7%	1.65%
Div. Increase Streak	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Chowder Number	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Buyback Yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.3%	0.5%	0.6%	0.8%	0.8%	1.5%	1.8%	2.8%	3.7%	2.5%	1.7%	0.6%	0.1%	0.1%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
Net Buyback Yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.3%	0.5%	0.6%	0.8%	0.8%	1.5%	1.8%	2.8%	3.7%	2.5%	1.7%	0.6%	0.1%	0.1%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
Total Shareholder Return	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.3%	0.5%	0.6%	0.8%	0.8%	1.5%	1.8%	2.8%	3.7%	2.5%	1.7%	0.6%	0.1%	0.1%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%

DuPont Factors

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT)	0.67	0.78	0.78	0.77	0.79	0.80	0.80	0.77	0.75	0.67	0.66	0.64	0.55	0.56	0.38	-0.62	0.70	0.60	0.60	0.52	0.517
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT)	0.95	0.95	0.96	0.96	0.96	0.95	0.94	0.92	0.91	0.91	0.91	0.96	0.96	0.96	0.92	0.47	0.87	0.85	0.88	0.63	0.627
EBIT Margin	0.07	0.09	0.09	0.11	0.12	0.13	0.13	0.13	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.10	0.08	0.06	0.03	0.01	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.03	0.027
Asset Turnover	0.72	0.74	0.78	0.78	0.79	0.77	0.78	0.77	0.77	0.75	0.73	0.70	0.68	0.66	0.65	0.64	0.65	0.68	0.70	0.90	0.901
Equity Multiplier	1.61	1.61	1.58	1.63	1.63	1.61	1.57	1.56	1.54	1.49	1.47	1.46	1.45	1.42	1.41	1.41	1.38	1.38	1.38	1.38	1.380

Per Share

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
EPS (Diluted TTM)	$1.05	$1.48	$1.58	$2.08	$2.42	$2.64	$2.69	$2.50	$2.21	$1.89	$1.83	$1.57	$1.01	$0.75	$0.23	$-0.10	$0.59	$0.40	$0.44	$0.27	$0.27
Book Value/Share	$19.74	$20.25	$20.61	$20.83	$20.90	$22.41	$23.07	$23.53	$23.68	$24.25	$24.34	$24.42	$24.94	$24.30	$24.51	$24.89	$25.31	$25.33	$25.17	$25.00	$24.99
Tangible Book/Share	$12.50	$13.07	$13.47	$13.80	$14.00	$15.56	$16.27	$16.78	$17.03	$17.60	$17.73	$17.84	$18.35	$17.61	$17.89	$18.31	$18.83	$18.89	$18.82	$18.75	$18.75
Revenue/Share	$22.20	$23.23	$24.50	$25.44	$26.00	$26.51	$26.65	$26.77	$26.43	$26.10	$25.76	$24.91	$24.40	$23.13	$22.44	$22.19	$22.43	$23.13	$24.05	$31.02	$31.02
FCF/Share	$0.90	$1.20	$0.88	$0.90	$1.06	$0.86	$1.56	$1.69	$1.76	$2.26	$2.20	$2.10	$1.43	$0.76	$0.75	$0.74	$0.72	$0.48	$-0.08	$-0.56	$-0.56
OCF/Share	$2.24	$2.45	$2.02	$2.18	$2.62	$2.41	$3.06	$3.11	$2.90	$3.37	$3.26	$3.10	$2.36	$1.45	$1.36	$1.25	$1.25	$1.08	$0.64	$0.21	$0.21
Cash/Share	$5.53	$6.16	$5.72	$5.80	$5.83	$6.48	$6.83	$7.21	$6.99	$6.17	$6.16	$6.28	$6.12	$5.98	$6.33	$6.79	$6.46	$6.58	$6.20	$5.69	$5.69
EBITDA/Share	$2.69	$3.08	$3.23	$3.92	$4.33	$4.59	$4.70	$4.62	$4.38	$4.26	$4.20	$3.72	$3.10	$2.58	$1.87	$1.52	$2.17	$1.98	$2.05	$2.38	$2.38
Debt/Share	$6.56	$6.61	$6.53	$6.34	$6.22	$6.22	$6.21	$6.13	$5.86	$4.30	$4.33	$4.28	$4.23	$4.18	$4.13	$4.14	$3.28	$4.82	$3.34	$2.95	$2.95
Net Debt/Share	$1.03	$0.45	$0.81	$0.54	$0.39	$-0.26	$-0.63	$-1.07	$-1.13	$-1.87	$-1.83	$-2.00	$-1.89	$-1.80	$-2.20	$-2.65	$-3.18	$-1.76	$-2.87	$-2.74	$-2.74

Academic Models

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Altman Z-Score	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	10.319
Altman Z-Prime	snapshot only																				18.665
Piotroski F-Score	4	6	5	7	7	8	9	9	7	7	6	5	6	6	6	5	5	4	7	5	5
Beneish M-Score	-2.33	-2.26	-2.10	-2.43	-2.53	-2.46	-2.56	-2.55	-2.56	-2.77	-2.83	-2.88	-2.72	-2.62	-2.59	-2.60	-2.45	-2.45	-2.34	-1.78	-1.783
Ohlson O-Score	snapshot only																				-9.004
ROIC (Greenblatt)	snapshot only																				3.96%
Net-Net WC	snapshot only																				$9.48
EVA	snapshot only																				$-22968812.37

Credit

Metric	Q3'21	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Credit Rating	snapshot only																				A
Credit Score	77.95	79.39	80.81	82.39	83.84	86.46	89.52	83.75	83.75	88.49	88.59	86.01	79.90	77.72	69.28	63.01	79.12	78.82	77.92	72.67	72.671
Credit Grade	snapshot only																				6
Credit Trend	snapshot only																				9.665
Implied Spread (bps)	snapshot only																				150.000
Industry Credit Rank	snapshot only																				50
Sector Credit Rank	snapshot only																				48

VPG NYSE

Edge Score

Analyst Insights

Financial Rating

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Risk & Quality Signals

Valuation

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Profitability Trends

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Earnings Stability

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Executive Compensation

C-Suite Compensation

CEO Pay Ratio

C-Suite Pay Equality (Gini)

CEO Compensation Mix

Workforce & Productivity

Scaling Efficiency

Sign in to InsiderStreet