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Also trades as: TNGCF (OTC) · $vol 0M

0780.HK HKSE

Tongcheng Travel Holdings Limited
1W: -2.6% 1M: -14.9% 3M: -19.1% YTD: -54.8% 1Y: -49.1% 3Y: -45.5% 5Y: -45.2%
HK$9.87 ($1.26)
-0.16 (-1.60%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±5.9%
HK$9 HK$9 HK$10 HK$11 HK$11
HKSE · Consumer Cyclical · Travel Services · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 32 · HK$23.6B mcap · 1.27B float · 1.12% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A
Oct 05, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
3
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
4
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. 0780.HK receives an overall rating of A. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROA (5/5), P/E (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-02 A+ A
2026-08-25 A A+
2026-05-22 A- A
2026-05-12 A A-
2026-04-08 None ADDED
2026-04-07 EXISTED None
2026-04-01 A- A
2026-03-09 A A-
2026-01-03 A- A

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A+
Profitability
56
Balance Sheet
86
Earnings Quality
61
Growth
64
Value
—
Momentum
91
Safety
—
Cash Flow
91

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-0.44
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-9.57
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A+
Score: 75.1/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 2.09x
Accruals: -7.2%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. 0780.HK scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. 0780.HK's score of -0.44 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. 0780.HK's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. 0780.HK receives an estimated rating of A+ (score: 75.1/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). 0780.HK's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
8.16x
PEG
-4.37x
P/S
0.99x
P/B
0.85x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$16.17
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 8.2x earnings, 0780.HK trades at a deep value multiple. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $16.17 per share, suggesting a potential 61% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.811
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.001
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.176
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.463
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.878
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
12.4%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. 0780.HK's ROE of 12.4% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.463), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$44.49
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with 0780.HK's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. 0780.HK trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $44.49, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 8.2x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$10.03
Median 1Y
$8.44
5th Pctile
$3.89
95th Pctile
$18.46
Ann. Volatility
46.3%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 4.0% 5.6% 5.4% 4.9% 4.4% 1.5% -0.6% -1.0% 0.7% 3.8% 7.4% 9.3% 9.2% 9.3% 10.5% 10.5% 11.7% 12.3% 11.5% 12.4% 12.44%
ROA 3.0% 4.2% 3.8% 3.6% 3.1% 1.0% -0.4% -0.7% 0.5% 2.3% 4.4% 5.5% 5.2% 5.2% 5.8% 5.7% 6.2% 6.5% 6.1% 6.6% 6.63%
ROIC 6.5% 9.1% 8.5% 7.3% 5.8% 2.6% 1.4% 1.2% 2.8% 7.1% 11.1% 14.0% 13.3% 13.3% 13.0% 14.5% 15.9% 19.4% 16.8% 19.1% 19.05%
ROCE 4.4% 6.0% 5.4% 5.3% 4.5% 1.9% 0.3% 0.0% 1.7% 4.8% 8.0% 10.1% 8.9% 8.4% 8.8% 8.7% 10.2% 11.4% 11.5% 11.8% 11.83%
Gross Margin 74.7% 76.4% 73.9% 74.6% 72.5% 70.9% 75.4% 70.1% 75.0% 75.5% 74.5% 69.2% 65.0% 64.6% 63.4% 63.5% 68.8% 65.0% 69.8% 66.7% 66.71%
Operating Margin 13.3% 15.7% 14.4% 3.5% 8.0% -4.1% 3.9% 0.4% 18.0% 14.6% 18.2% 12.3% 11.8% 12.2% 19.6% 11.2% 18.7% 17.3% 18.8% 15.6% 15.64%
Net Margin 10.5% 13.6% 11.9% 1.7% 5.9% -10.3% -4.6% -2.1% 14.6% 12.4% 15.5% 9.9% 10.3% 10.2% 15.9% 8.3% 15.3% 13.7% 15.6% 12.7% 12.67%
EBITDA Margin 22.3% 20.9% 24.4% 10.3% 21.3% 7.4% -1.2% 10.8% 27.2% 23.3% 26.2% 18.3% 15.8% 17.0% 24.3% 21.4% 24.5% 25.1% 25.7% 22.6% 22.62%
FCF Margin 32.9% 29.3% 22.1% 20.3% 6.2% 8.4% -10.7% -3.2% 14.3% 20.4% 36.5% 25.6% 20.2% 12.6% 3.0% 14.8% 13.8% 24.4% 36.0% 27.8% 27.77%
OCF Margin 35.4% 32.5% 25.2% 24.4% 10.3% 12.4% -6.8% 4.6% 21.2% 26.5% 41.9% 33.7% 27.4% 20.8% 10.3% 17.1% 16.0% 25.8% 37.4% 29.9% 29.88%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 10.05%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 6.78%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 5.43%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 24.03%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 9.51%
Cash ROA snapshot only 12.85%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 39.68%
CROIC snapshot only 36.88%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 14.34%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 17.62%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 10.78%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 40.06%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 1.22%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 8.163
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.995
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.847
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Graham Number snapshot only $16.17
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.91 1.85 1.87 1.56 2.06 1.90 1.86 1.70 1.49 1.51 1.44 1.25 1.31 1.32 1.40 1.57 1.63 1.58 1.38 1.46 1.456
Quick Ratio 1.91 1.78 1.87 1.49 2.06 1.82 1.86 1.63 1.77 1.51 1.44 1.19 1.31 1.32 1.40 1.49 1.63 1.58 1.38 1.40 1.396
Debt/Equity 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.17 0.22 0.20 0.21 0.25 0.24 0.25 0.23 0.23 0.228
Net Debt/Equity -0.41 -0.40 -0.39 -0.34 -0.28 -0.30 -0.20 -0.27 -0.29 -0.35 -0.34 -0.36 -0.34 -0.34 -0.23 -0.31 -0.29 -0.38 -0.35 -0.39 -0.395
Debt/Assets 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.122
Debt/EBITDA 0.31 0.24 0.23 0.22 1.51 2.06 3.76 4.01 2.22 1.52 0.96 1.07 1.44 1.36 1.34 1.45 1.27 1.22 1.17 1.16 1.160
Net Debt/EBITDA -5.10 -4.05 -3.96 -3.57 -2.90 -4.12 -4.87 -7.14 -5.00 -3.90 -2.46 -2.28 -2.25 -2.27 -1.45 -1.78 -1.52 -1.86 -1.80 -2.00 -2.004
Interest Coverage 41.31 51.15 40.37 50.48 27.77 8.36 0.69 0.04 2.28 5.55 9.57 13.30 14.69 15.20 15.00 12.20 11.14 11.90 12.08 13.74 13.741
Equity Multiplier 1.37 1.37 1.45 1.41 1.49 1.55 1.58 1.59 1.66 1.71 1.73 1.79 1.87 1.86 1.88 1.89 1.88 1.94 1.89 1.87 1.869
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.926
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 19.133
Cash to Debt snapshot only 2.727
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.977
Defensive Interval snapshot only 832.0 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.35 0.40 0.37 0.37 0.36 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.30 0.34 0.38 0.42 0.43 0.46 0.49 0.50 0.50 0.48 0.46 0.46 0.463
Inventory Turnover — 6.51 — 11.14 — 5.37 — 4.89 — 11.77 — 5.35 — 2124.87 1477.27 7.06 1339.34 855.93 599.30 6.35 6.350
Receivables Turnover 6.58 8.25 15.24 9.41 16.88 7.06 10.32 8.45 11.77 8.15 7.35 11.29 9.60 10.00 9.45 11.77 10.60 9.53 8.12 8.32 8.325
Payables Turnover 0.75 0.88 0.90 0.90 0.94 0.71 0.83 0.76 0.68 0.65 0.85 0.95 0.88 1.00 1.34 1.45 1.30 1.12 1.23 1.29 1.286
DSO 55 44 24 39 22 52 35 43 31 45 50 32 38 36 39 31 34 38 45 44 43.8 days
DIO 0 56 0 33 0 68 0 75 -211 31 0 68 -108 0 0 52 0 0 1 57 57.5 days
DPO 484 417 407 406 389 517 439 478 537 558 431 384 413 366 273 252 282 325 296 284 283.9 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -429 -317 -383 -335 -367 -397 -404 -360 -717 -482 -381 -284 -483 -329 -234 -169 -247 -286 -251 -183 -182.6 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 3.927
Operating Cycle snapshot only 101.3 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 1.290
Capital Intensity snapshot only 2.324
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue -1.1% 20.2% 23.5% 27.1% 16.8% -8.8% -7.6% -12.6% -2.5% 31.9% 47.9% 80.7% 76.8% 61.7% 58.5% 45.8% 35.5% 25.6% 12.3% 9.4% 9.41%
Net Income 3.3% 1.0% 1.2% 1.2% 18.5% -71.1% -1.1% -1.2% -82.1% 1.7% 13.5% 10.7% 12.4% 1.7% 59.5% 27.0% 42.8% 48.7% 25.9% 37.4% 37.37%
EPS 0.2% 94.7% 1.2% 1.2% 17.4% -70.7% -1.1% -1.2% -82.3% 1.6% 13.4% 10.6% 12.3% 1.7% 56.7% 23.1% 38.7% 49.8% 23.1% 36.6% 36.64%
FCF 4.7% 9.4% 6.4% 63.4% -77.9% -73.9% -1.4% -1.1% 1.2% 2.2% 6.1% 15.3% 1.5% 0.4% -87.0% -15.9% -7.7% 1.4% 12.5% 1.1% 1.05%
EBITDA 0.7% 53.0% 63.1% 62.0% 26.3% -23.4% -57.8% -59.0% -36.3% 34.1% 2.8% 3.7% 1.9% 83.9% 30.4% 23.1% 44.3% 57.5% 41.8% 34.4% 34.36%
Op. Income 4.9% 1.1% 1.3% 1.3% 25.8% -54.2% -75.3% -81.2% -39.3% 1.3% 5.5% 10.1% 2.7% 1.0% 57.2% 29.6% 49.9% 57.1% 29.7% 37.6% 37.56%
OCF Growth snapshot only 90.88%
Asset Growth snapshot only 16.74%
Equity Growth snapshot only 17.99%
Debt Growth snapshot only 7.66%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.54%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -1.00%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — 68.6% 31.6% 11.3% -0.4% -3.8% 4.1% 13.1% 19.0% 26.1% 26.3% 24.9% 29.4% 32.0% 32.7% 38.9% 38.1% 42.3% 42.30%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 49.9% 31.5% 24.1% 18.3% 18.6% 22.0% 24.0% 24.6% 26.2% 26.18%
EPS 3Y — — — — — 24.2% — — -40.7% 13.9% 50.2% 65.6% 40.4% 26.9% 34.1% 37.3% 48.4% 1.2% — — —
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 67.9% 34.3% 21.1% 30.9% 42.9% 45.6% 50.2% 50.21%
Net Income 3Y — — — — — 25.9% — — -39.7% 15.9% 52.2% 68.0% 41.7% 27.9% 35.8% 39.7% 50.8% 1.2% — — —
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 70.5% 36.5% 23.5% 33.2% 44.4% 47.9% 52.6% 52.62%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — 71.4% -4.4% -24.6% -6.8% 16.2% 37.8% 45.8% 32.5% 23.6% 28.0% 33.0% 38.6% 57.2% 91.7% 97.7% 97.66%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 65.5% 34.1% 19.8% 27.6% 35.4% 37.1% 38.7% 38.67%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — 77.1% 35.2% 14.4% 2.7% -2.0% 7.2% 16.1% 21.2% 27.3% 24.8% 21.2% 23.7% 25.3% 26.8% 33.6% 33.7% 39.0% 38.98%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 53.8% 32.3% 24.3% 17.6% 17.0% 21.2% 22.7% 23.3% 24.8% 24.80%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — 2.4% 21.6% -26.9% -41.9% -7.1% 29.0% 55.4% 69.8% 41.9% 27.9% 36.3% 39.4% 50.5% 92.9% 1.4% 1.7% 1.70%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5% 52.4% 31.9% 23.0% 35.1% 46.9% 50.2% 54.2% 54.24%
FCF 3Y — — — 1.0% -8.6% -4.9% — — — — — — 7.3% -5.7% -33.5% 18.9% 72.7% 98.1% — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 75.1% 33.7% 22.5% -18.6% 13.0% — — — — —
OCF 3Y — — — 62.3% -3.2% -7.0% — -43.7% — — — 2.1% 16.0% 7.6% -4.0% 17.4% 53.8% 77.4% — 1.7% 1.66%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 56.3% 33.0% 23.6% -0.8% 11.9% — — — 1.1% 1.11%
Assets 3Y — — — 8.6% 10.1% 10.9% 8.4% 8.7% 14.9% 17.4% 17.2% 18.4% 19.7% 19.8% 18.9% 20.7% 18.7% 19.9% 20.5% 20.8% 20.77%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — 13.6% 14.4% 14.6% 13.7% 14.2% 16.6% 18.5% 18.4% 18.2% 18.20%
Equity 3Y — — — 9.7% 9.0% 8.1% 6.4% 6.1% 7.1% 7.6% 7.9% 8.1% 7.8% 8.1% 9.0% 9.5% 9.8% 11.1% 13.6% 14.5% 14.47%
Book Value 3Y — — — 7.0% 6.7% 6.6% 4.8% 4.5% 5.3% 5.7% 6.5% 6.6% 6.8% 7.2% 7.7% 7.6% 8.0% 10.1% 11.6% 12.4% 12.40%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.73 1.00 0.12 0.58 0.79 0.68 0.07 0.02 0.68 0.69 0.73 0.86 0.83 0.75 0.61 0.60 0.74 0.82 0.86 0.87 0.875
Earnings Stability 0.77 0.99 0.62 0.52 0.73 0.11 0.15 0.00 0.07 0.23 0.14 0.29 0.44 0.56 0.48 0.39 0.55 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.739
Margin Stability 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.94 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.94 0.97 0.95 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.95 0.94 0.94 0.944
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.93 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.83 0.81 0.90 0.85 0.851
Earnings Smoothness 0.97 0.32 0.23 0.25 0.83 0.00 — — 0.00 0.09 — — 0.00 0.08 0.54 0.76 0.65 0.61 0.77 0.69 0.685
ROE Trend 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.03 -0.04 -0.05 -0.03 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.022
Gross Margin Trend 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.01 -0.01 -0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.00 -0.03 -0.06 -0.09 -0.09 -0.07 -0.06 -0.03 -0.01 -0.012
FCF Margin Trend 0.28 0.25 0.15 0.11 -0.06 -0.04 -0.19 -0.13 -0.05 0.02 0.31 0.17 0.10 -0.02 -0.10 0.04 -0.04 0.08 0.16 0.08 0.075
Sustainable Growth Rate 4.0% 5.6% 5.4% 4.9% 4.4% 1.5% — — 0.7% 3.8% 7.4% 9.3% 9.2% 9.3% 10.5% 8.8% 10.1% 10.8% 10.0% 12.4% 12.44%
Internal Growth Rate 3.0% 4.4% 4.0% 3.7% 3.2% 1.0% — — 0.5% 2.4% 4.7% 5.8% 5.5% 5.5% 6.2% 5.0% 5.7% 6.0% 5.6% 7.1% 7.10%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 4.19 3.08 2.45 2.54 1.20 3.69 4.84 -1.89 13.52 3.92 3.54 2.58 2.30 1.83 0.87 1.50 1.27 1.92 2.81 2.09 2.090
FCF/OCF 0.93 0.90 0.87 0.83 0.61 0.68 1.58 -0.70 0.67 0.77 0.87 0.76 0.74 0.61 0.29 0.86 0.86 0.95 0.96 0.93 0.929
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.942
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 1.220
CapEx/Revenue 2.4% 3.2% 3.2% 4.1% 4.1% 4.0% 3.9% 7.8% 6.9% 6.1% 5.4% 8.0% 7.2% 8.2% 7.3% 2.3% 2.3% 1.4% 1.4% 2.1% 2.11%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.306
Accruals Ratio -0.09 -0.09 -0.06 -0.05 -0.01 -0.03 0.02 -0.02 -0.06 -0.07 -0.11 -0.09 -0.07 -0.04 0.01 -0.03 -0.02 -0.06 -0.11 -0.07 -0.072
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.017
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 14.155
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.49%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.13 $0.13 $0.14 $0.13 $0.00 $0.21
Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 15.8% 13.9% 12.7% 12.8% 0.0% 0.00%
FCF Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 12.1% 12.7% 7.0% 4.7% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.9% 1.9% 1.8% 1.5% 15.8% 13.9% 12.7% 12.8% 0.0% 0.00%
Div. Increase Streak — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 0 0 0 — —
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.84 0.86 0.85 0.83 0.81 0.71 4.04 1.36 0.63 0.79 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.83 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.81 0.81 0.811
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.96 0.88 -0.45 -26.74 0.56 0.82 0.90 0.93 1.00 1.08 1.10 1.05 1.01 0.96 0.95 1.00 1.001
EBIT Margin 0.10 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.10 0.16 0.17 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.176
Asset Turnover 0.35 0.40 0.37 0.37 0.36 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.30 0.34 0.38 0.42 0.43 0.46 0.49 0.50 0.50 0.48 0.46 0.46 0.463
Equity Multiplier 1.36 1.34 1.40 1.39 1.43 1.46 1.52 1.50 1.58 1.63 1.66 1.70 1.77 1.79 1.81 1.84 1.87 1.90 1.89 1.88 1.878
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.25 $0.35 $0.35 $0.33 $0.30 $0.10 $-0.04 $-0.07 $0.05 $0.27 $0.54 $0.69 $0.70 $0.72 $0.84 $0.85 $0.96 $1.08 $1.04 $1.16 $1.16
Book Value/Share $6.53 $6.56 $6.81 $6.88 $6.95 $6.97 $7.00 $7.08 $7.24 $7.32 $7.67 $7.82 $7.96 $8.09 $8.50 $8.57 $8.76 $9.30 $9.73 $10.06 $10.55
Tangible Book/Share $3.17 $3.31 $2.94 $3.10 $3.24 $3.33 $3.14 $4.46 $3.31 $3.54 $3.91 $3.52 $3.73 $3.85 $3.82 $3.76 $4.20 $4.54 $4.36 $4.62 $4.62
Revenue/Share $2.98 $3.33 $3.39 $3.41 $3.45 $3.08 $3.11 $2.96 $3.33 $3.95 $4.55 $5.26 $5.83 $6.33 $7.08 $7.43 $7.67 $8.01 $7.78 $8.08 $8.69
FCF/Share $0.98 $0.98 $0.75 $0.69 $0.21 $0.26 $-0.33 $-0.10 $0.48 $0.80 $1.66 $1.35 $1.18 $0.80 $0.21 $1.10 $1.05 $1.95 $2.80 $2.24 $1.47
OCF/Share $1.05 $1.08 $0.86 $0.83 $0.35 $0.38 $-0.21 $0.14 $0.71 $1.05 $1.90 $1.77 $1.60 $1.32 $0.73 $1.27 $1.23 $2.06 $2.91 $2.42 $1.68
Cash/Share $2.88 $2.81 $2.83 $2.52 $2.93 $3.14 $2.44 $3.02 $3.03 $3.59 $3.64 $4.16 $4.43 $4.38 $3.80 $4.79 $4.69 $5.89 $5.62 $6.27 $6.30
EBITDA/Share $0.53 $0.65 $0.67 $0.66 $0.66 $0.51 $0.28 $0.27 $0.42 $0.66 $1.06 $1.24 $1.20 $1.21 $1.36 $1.48 $1.68 $1.91 $1.89 $1.98 $1.98
Debt/Share $0.17 $0.16 $0.16 $0.15 $1.00 $1.05 $1.06 $1.09 $0.93 $1.00 $1.03 $1.33 $1.73 $1.64 $1.82 $2.15 $2.14 $2.33 $2.22 $2.30 $2.30
Net Debt/Share $-2.71 $-2.65 $-2.67 $-2.37 $-1.93 $-2.09 $-1.38 $-1.93 $-2.10 $-2.58 $-2.61 $-2.83 $-2.70 $-2.74 $-1.98 $-2.64 $-2.55 $-3.56 $-3.41 $-3.97 $-3.97
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 4 6 6 7 6 5 1 3 5 7 6 6 5 5 4 6 7 8 6 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.84 -2.54 -3.54 -3.04 -3.27 -2.30 -2.36 -1.41 -2.29 -2.66 -0.78 -2.33 -2.97 -2.13 -1.87 -2.15 1.02 -2.39 -3.67 -0.44 -0.442
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -9.575
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 27.64%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $1.55
EVA snapshot only $1293038270.98
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A+
Credit Score 84.04 83.93 84.12 83.78 80.31 72.00 45.73 46.01 65.81 73.91 76.65 76.61 74.93 73.38 66.84 74.29 70.95 74.56 74.56 75.08 75.078
Credit Grade snapshot only 5
Credit Trend snapshot only 0.788
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 125.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 68
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 70

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