— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: FRU.DE (XETRA) · $vol 0M

0R4W.L LSE

Multitude SE
1W: +2.8% 1M: +3.1% 3M: +13.9% YTD: -6.8% 1Y: +17.8% 3Y: -34.5% 5Y: -67.2%
€5.90 ($6.64)
-0.02 (-0.34%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.2%
€6 €6 €6 €6 €6
LSE · Financial Services · Financial - Credit Services · Tech Score Buy · Power 56 · €126.3M mcap · 8M float · 0.076% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
4
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
4
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. 0R4W.L receives an overall rating of A. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5), P/E (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 A- A
2026-06-24 B+ A-
2026-06-19 A- B+
2026-06-12 B+ A-
2026-05-22 A- B+
2026-05-18 A A-
2026-04-27 A- A
2026-04-24 A A-
2026-04-07 None ADDED
2026-04-07 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 59 Grade A
Profitability
65
Balance Sheet
60
Earnings Quality
92
Growth
53
Value
87
Momentum
82
Safety
100
Cash Flow
84
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. 0R4W.L scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Growth (53/100). An overall grade of A places 0R4W.L among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman-B Score
4.44
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.46
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-5.56
Bankruptcy prob: 0.4%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AA+
Score: 92.8/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 3.17x
Accruals: -3.6%
The Altman-B Score replaces the traditional Z-Score for banks and financial institutions. It weights equity-to-assets, return on assets, retained earnings, market value coverage, and cash reserves — metrics that better capture bank solvency than manufacturing-oriented ratios. 0R4W.L scores 4.44, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 3.0, distress < 1.5). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. 0R4W.L scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. 0R4W.L's score of -2.46 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. 0R4W.L's implied 0.4% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. 0R4W.L receives an estimated rating of AA+ (score: 92.8/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). 0R4W.L's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
6.29x
PEG
-1.28x
P/S
0.53x
P/B
0.84x
P/FCF
3.05x
P/OCF
2.86x
EV/EBITDA
-2.28x
EV/Revenue
-0.59x
EV/EBIT
-3.04x
EV/FCF
-2.12x
Earnings Yield
11.04%
FCF Yield
32.78%
Shareholder Yield
7.41%
Graham Number
$9.22
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 6.3x earnings, 0R4W.L trades at a deep value multiple. An earnings yield of 11.0% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $9.22 per share, suggesting a potential 56% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.821
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.587
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.194
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.177
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
6.669
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
11.0%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. 0R4W.L's ROE of 11.0% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 6.67x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
$4.86
Price/Value
1.07x
Margin of Safety
-6.55%
Premium
6.55%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with 0R4W.L's realized 0.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. 0R4W.L trades at a 7% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $4.86, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 8.5x compares to the current market P/E of 6.3x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1667 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$5.90
Median 1Y
$3.73
5th Pctile
$1.10
95th Pctile
$12.87
Ann. Volatility
72.5%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 8.7% 9.0% 6.0% 0.4% 7.0% 4.1% 1.7% -1.7% -0.2% -2.0% 0.4% 6.8% 6.9% 9.2% 9.6% 8.8% 8.3% 9.2% 8.9% 11.0% 11.03%
ROA 1.7% 1.6% 1.2% 0.1% 1.2% 0.7% 0.3% -0.3% -0.0% -0.4% 0.1% 1.5% 1.5% 2.1% 2.2% 1.6% 1.5% 1.4% 1.3% 1.7% 1.65%
ROIC 24.3% -52.4% 59.0% 9.2% 9.8% 61.0% 3.3% -9.2% 36.7% 25.6% 38.9% 1.2% -8.4% 2.9% 1.1% -72.2% -42.1% -69.0% -23.3% -64.1% -64.11%
ROCE 3.1% 2.8% 1.6% -0.3% 2.3% 1.9% 1.8% 0.2% 1.8% 0.5% 1.6% 4.5% 10.5% 11.3% 11.6% 12.4% 9.3% 3.6% 3.0% 2.8% 2.81%
Gross Margin 72.1% 78.1% 74.2% 73.7% 69.6% 73.9% 66.6% 73.7% 71.9% 74.2% 78.5% 72.4% 71.0% 74.1% 74.0% 1.1% 86.3% 74.7% 74.0% 1.2% 1.15%
Operating Margin -3.5% 22.0% 16.7% 7.0% 10.4% 19.1% 13.8% 8.1% 39.2% 37.2% 44.8% 55.0% 40.5% 19.9% 20.6% 7.1% 55.5% 12.8% 10.0% 28.6% 28.58%
Net Margin -12.8% 10.9% 5.1% -0.2% -0.6% 5.1% 0.6% -9.5% 3.8% 0.1% 7.0% 12.1% 4.0% 7.1% 8.3% 4.7% 2.5% 10.4% 7.1% 22.1% 22.12%
EBITDA Margin 46.5% 52.7% 45.9% 43.2% 40.1% 47.2% 43.9% 50.8% 46.8% 44.7% 52.9% 66.1% 46.6% 91.9% 92.8% 31.7% 24.2% 23.1% 19.2% 43.5% 43.52%
FCF Margin 40.3% 1.0% 67.2% 55.6% 50.9% -38.9% 19.1% 30.3% -40.6% -30.7% -42.2% -17.4% 21.1% 25.9% 17.3% 7.5% 14.2% 12.5% 25.6% 27.8% 27.80%
OCF Margin 45.4% 1.1% 71.7% 61.0% 55.8% -34.0% 23.7% 35.7% -35.0% -24.7% -35.9% -12.3% 26.2% 30.4% 21.8% 12.1% 19.1% 16.5% 28.3% 29.7% 29.67%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 8.48%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 4.86%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 1.46%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 11.69%
Cash ROA snapshot only 4.29%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 22.91%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 11.40%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 16.56%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only -0.18%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 8.10 6.80 12.14 207.77 14.51 19.97 38.11 -34.11 -297.36 -21.89 64.61 4.77 6.39 4.39 4.04 5.92 7.47 7.93 8.62 9.06 6.289
P/S Ratio 0.29 0.27 0.36 0.44 0.57 0.48 0.47 0.41 0.34 0.29 0.20 0.27 0.36 0.33 0.31 0.36 0.42 0.51 0.53 0.85 0.527
P/B Ratio 0.69 0.59 0.71 0.80 0.99 0.81 0.57 0.52 0.43 0.38 0.26 0.31 0.43 0.39 0.38 0.60 0.71 0.77 0.82 0.78 0.840
P/FCF 0.71 0.27 0.54 0.79 1.13 -1.25 2.47 1.34 -0.83 -0.96 -0.48 -1.55 1.72 1.26 1.81 4.75 2.92 4.10 2.07 3.05 3.051
P/OCF 0.63 0.26 0.50 0.72 1.03 — 1.99 1.14 — — — — 1.38 1.07 1.44 2.94 2.18 3.10 1.87 2.86 2.858
EV/EBITDA 0.43 -0.79 0.03 0.40 0.02 0.12 -0.75 -0.86 -0.05 0.15 -0.07 -0.49 -1.02 -0.61 -0.34 -0.76 -0.29 -1.10 -3.82 -2.28 -2.281
EV/Revenue 0.24 -0.39 0.01 0.19 0.01 0.06 -0.33 -0.39 -0.02 0.07 -0.03 -0.26 -0.53 -0.39 -0.26 -0.49 -0.17 -0.46 -0.94 -0.59 -0.591
EV/EBIT 7.62 -10.78 0.55 -34.23 0.20 1.73 -13.18 -109.14 -0.89 10.19 -1.79 -3.92 -3.06 -1.96 -1.15 -1.93 -0.91 -2.27 -4.96 -3.04 -3.043
EV/FCF 0.60 -0.38 0.02 0.34 0.02 -0.14 -1.72 -1.29 0.06 -0.22 0.08 1.49 -2.52 -1.50 -1.48 -6.58 -1.21 -3.71 -3.67 -2.12 -2.125
Earnings Yield 12.3% 14.7% 8.2% 0.5% 6.9% 5.0% 2.6% -2.9% -0.3% -4.6% 1.5% 21.0% 15.7% 22.8% 24.8% 16.9% 13.4% 12.6% 11.6% 11.0% 11.04%
FCF Yield 1.4% 3.7% 1.9% 1.3% 88.8% -80.2% 40.5% 74.7% -1.2% -1.0% -2.1% -64.6% 58.2% 79.3% 55.3% 21.1% 34.2% 24.4% 48.2% 32.8% 32.78%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 0.993
EV/OCF snapshot only -1.990
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only -0.697
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only -2.221
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 7.41%
Graham Number snapshot only $9.22
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.65 1.64 1.94 2.01 1.81 1.76 1.46 1.50 1.61 1.44 1.40 1.31 1.36 1.42 1.58 1.38 1.42 181.68 180.03 244.98 244.985
Quick Ratio 1.65 1.64 1.94 0.83 1.81 1.76 1.46 0.65 1.61 1.45 1.46 0.40 0.53 0.50 0.49 1.38 1.42 181.68 180.03 244.98 244.985
Debt/Equity 1.70 1.62 1.41 1.43 1.43 1.40 0.80 0.85 0.86 0.61 0.59 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.28 0.71 0.69 0.97 1.26 0.83 0.832
Net Debt/Equity -0.10 -1.42 -0.69 -0.46 -0.98 -0.72 -0.96 -1.01 -0.46 -0.29 -0.30 -0.62 -1.05 -0.86 -0.68 -1.44 -1.01 -1.47 -2.27 -1.33 -1.331
Debt/Assets 0.30 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.23 0.23 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.14 0.14 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.130
Debt/EBITDA 1.23 1.53 1.45 1.65 1.81 1.89 1.53 1.46 1.43 1.01 0.96 0.46 0.45 0.38 0.32 0.64 0.69 1.52 3.32 3.47 3.474
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.07 -1.34 -0.71 -0.53 -1.24 -0.97 -1.83 -1.75 -0.77 -0.49 -0.49 -1.01 -1.71 -1.11 -0.76 -1.31 -1.00 -2.31 -5.97 -5.56 -5.556
Interest Coverage 20.35 21.82 14.36 -3.93 31.39 31.38 21.10 3.42 25.56 5.58 21.15 61.18 153.66 8.61 4.81 2.61 1.45 1.68 1.70 2.43 2.425
Equity Multiplier 5.59 6.31 5.43 5.38 6.15 5.99 4.71 4.83 4.44 4.20 4.29 4.15 4.57 4.55 4.45 7.15 6.85 8.50 9.85 6.40 6.396
Cash Ratio snapshot only 244.053
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 3.235
Cash to Debt snapshot only 2.599
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.309
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1471.9 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.48 0.40 0.40 0.36 0.30 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.28 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.22 0.21 0.18 0.177
Inventory Turnover — — — 0.33 — — — 0.16 — — — 0.13 0.28 0.28 0.30 0.20 0.16 0.16 0.16 — —
Receivables Turnover — — — 11.78 — — — 12.27 — 25.34 13.81 14.90 40.38 16.14 10.68 32.14 37.09 43.84 46.37 117.17 117.166
Payables Turnover 8.01 7.22 7.46 7.08 6.88 7.69 5.37 8.70 10.30 9.43 5.35 8.39 11.08 11.40 9.35 9.32 9.69 9.84 6.40 — —
DSO 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 30 0 14 26 24 9 23 34 11 10 8 8 3 3.1 days
DIO 0 0 0 1115 0 0 0 2318 0 -15 -104 2783 1295 1290 1213 1819 2266 2247 2308 0 0.0 days
DPO 46 51 49 52 53 47 68 42 35 39 68 43 33 32 39 39 38 37 57 0 —
Cash Conversion Cycle -46 -51 -49 1095 -53 -47 -68 2306 -35 -39 -146 2764 1271 1281 1208 1791 2238 2218 2259 3 —
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 38.109
Cash Velocity snapshot only 0.428
Capital Intensity snapshot only 6.915
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 4.3% -5.2% -13.1% -21.6% -24.3% -20.5% -15.7% -6.5% 0.1% 1.8% 2.8% -1.1% -0.3% 0.4% 1.1% 10.5% 11.2% 12.5% 12.8% -4.3% -4.35%
Net Income -46.6% -49.8% -67.7% -97.9% -15.1% -52.1% -64.9% -6.3% -1.0% -1.6% -73.8% 5.7% 50.9% 6.5% 23.9% 17.6% 9.1% -2.5% -10.8% 49.2% 49.19%
EPS -46.0% -49.8% -67.9% -98.0% -15.5% -52.1% -64.9% -6.3% -1.0% -1.6% -73.8% 5.7% 50.9% 6.5% 23.9% 17.2% 8.8% -1.8% -13.8% -12.2% -12.25%
FCF 2.4% 5.9% 6.9% 18.1% -4.4% -1.3% -76.1% -48.9% -1.8% 19.6% -3.3% -1.6% 1.5% 1.8% 1.4% 1.5% -24.9% -45.8% 66.2% 2.6% 2.55%
EBITDA -27.4% -44.0% -43.7% -45.5% -39.7% -29.0% -24.9% -9.6% 3.6% 7.4% 15.2% 13.7% 10.4% 38.6% 54.6% 36.8% 24.9% -26.1% -62.9% -61.8% -61.80%
Op. Income -10.2% -13.1% -29.6% -49.5% -8.5% -18.4% -14.5% 19.9% 40.5% 85.8% 1.6% 2.4% 1.2% 63.2% 4.4% -45.6% -34.8% -31.9% -27.9% 17.8% 17.78%
OCF Growth snapshot only 1.35%
Asset Growth snapshot only 56.91%
Equity Growth snapshot only 75.34%
Debt Growth snapshot only 1.07%
Shares Change snapshot only 70.01%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 2.15%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 18.6% 12.7% 6.9% 1.3% -2.4% -4.1% -5.4% -6.4% -7.5% -8.5% -9.0% -10.2% -8.9% -6.7% -4.3% 0.7% 3.5% 4.7% 5.4% 1.5% 1.48%
Revenue 5Y — 58.6% 35.0% 21.2% 12.3% 10.2% 8.6% 6.9% 4.8% 3.0% 1.1% -0.8% -1.5% -2.0% -2.5% -2.2% -2.6% -2.8% -3.0% -5.2% -5.18%
EPS 3Y -11.1% -13.6% -27.3% -71.0% -24.8% -34.3% -47.2% — — — -69.1% -20.4% 6.6% 14.4% 31.9% 2.1% 16.0% 45.3% 77.9% — —
EPS 5Y — 35.6% 4.2% -43.6% -6.1% -16.2% -24.6% — — — -48.8% -9.7% -9.4% -2.4% -0.8% -6.0% -6.6% -5.9% -8.7% -12.3% -12.28%
Net Income 3Y -11.8% -13.6% -27.4% -71.1% -25.4% -34.3% -47.3% — — — -69.0% -20.2% 6.8% 14.4% 31.9% 2.1% 16.1% 45.0% 80.0% — —
Net Income 5Y — 35.6% 4.2% -43.9% -6.7% -16.2% -24.9% — — — -48.8% -9.8% -9.9% -2.4% -0.9% -6.0% -6.6% -6.0% -7.9% -2.3% -2.30%
EBITDA 3Y 8.2% -2.6% -9.0% -15.0% -18.6% -20.4% -21.6% -21.9% -23.1% -24.7% -21.3% -17.5% -11.6% 1.9% 10.2% 12.0% 12.6% 3.2% -12.9% -15.9% -15.93%
EBITDA 5Y — 44.0% 22.9% 9.9% 1.6% -0.9% -2.3% -2.7% -4.6% -6.8% -8.2% -8.8% -9.2% -5.6% -3.0% -5.8% -8.9% -15.3% -22.5% -21.8% -21.78%
Gross Profit 3Y 16.3% 11.3% 4.6% -0.0% -3.6% -5.1% -6.6% -9.0% -10.0% -11.0% -10.6% -10.4% -8.9% -7.3% -5.3% 4.4% 9.1% 10.9% 12.6% 7.7% 7.68%
Gross Profit 5Y — 57.3% 34.0% 19.0% 10.7% 8.6% 7.0% 4.7% 2.9% 1.1% -0.3% -1.6% -2.2% -2.4% -2.7% -0.8% -0.4% -0.8% -1.2% -2.8% -2.79%
Op. Income 3Y 13.7% 10.4% 0.6% -10.3% -4.4% -6.6% -8.4% -10.0% 4.9% 9.6% 16.6% 27.0% 41.7% 35.3% 32.9% 30.2% 26.5% 27.3% 25.6% 29.5% 29.46%
Op. Income 5Y — 56.6% 26.6% 10.6% 10.0% 7.1% 7.7% 5.4% 13.6% 15.3% 18.1% 24.0% 22.1% 19.8% 16.1% 6.1% 10.7% 7.9% 3.6% 5.6% 5.59%
FCF 3Y 58.2% 1.0% — 78.6% 71.0% — — — — — — — -26.6% -40.9% -39.1% -48.4% -32.3% — 16.2% -1.5% -1.45%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — 11.6% 33.5% — — — — 15.6% 31.1% — — — — — 56.4% 56.37%
OCF 3Y 51.8% 93.2% — 61.5% 53.7% — — — — — — — -24.1% -38.5% -35.7% -41.3% -27.6% — 11.9% -4.6% -4.60%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — 9.1% 26.5% — — — — 11.2% 18.5% — — — — — 27.2% 27.16%
Assets 3Y 28.5% 31.9% 19.7% 15.6% 19.6% 15.0% 17.1% 17.9% 13.0% 9.6% 9.1% 6.9% 8.2% 1.4% 5.8% 13.6% 7.7% 21.9% 24.2% 23.8% 23.82%
Assets 5Y — 46.6% 38.3% 37.0% 38.2% 31.1% 26.4% 22.6% 19.4% 15.6% 12.9% 11.6% 13.3% 10.4% 9.6% 14.7% 12.8% 20.7% 22.8% 20.2% 20.23%
Equity 3Y 8.2% 9.4% 8.3% 6.1% 6.3% 7.4% 17.7% 16.4% 15.1% 14.2% 12.6% 12.1% 15.7% 13.1% 13.0% 3.4% 3.9% 8.5% -2.9% 12.8% 12.78%
Book Value 3Y 9.0% 9.4% 8.4% 6.2% 7.2% 7.4% 17.9% 16.6% 15.2% 14.2% 12.4% 11.9% 15.5% 13.1% 13.0% 3.2% 3.8% 8.7% -4.0% -5.6% -5.62%
Dividend 3Y -67.2% -67.5% -74.1% — — — 11.5% — — — -11.4% — — -8.2% 23.5% — — -90.8% — 46.4% 46.36%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.92 0.88 0.80 0.65 0.48 0.39 0.29 0.17 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.20 0.36 0.60 0.45 0.31 0.27 0.26 0.47 0.467
Earnings Stability 0.00 0.31 0.10 0.00 0.14 0.22 0.24 0.42 0.70 0.75 0.77 0.40 0.51 0.27 0.20 0.11 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.046
Margin Stability 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.94 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.923
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
Earnings Persistence 0.81 0.80 0.50 0.50 0.94 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.96 0.80 0.803
Earnings Smoothness 0.39 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.84 0.30 0.04 — — — 0.00 — — — 0.00 0.84 0.91 0.97 0.89 0.61 0.605
ROE Trend -0.10 -0.10 -0.12 -0.18 -0.06 -0.10 -0.11 -0.11 -0.08 -0.08 -0.03 0.07 0.03 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.00 0.003
Gross Margin Trend -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.04 -0.06 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.06 0.061
FCF Margin Trend 0.50 1.08 0.75 0.65 0.45 -0.80 -0.10 0.01 -0.86 -0.62 -0.85 -0.60 0.16 0.61 0.29 0.01 0.24 0.15 0.38 0.33 0.327
Sustainable Growth Rate 8.7% 9.0% 6.0% 0.4% 7.0% 4.1% 0.4% — — — -0.4% 6.8% 6.9% 7.8% 8.2% 7.2% 6.7% 9.2% 8.9% 3.8% 3.77%
Internal Growth Rate 1.7% 1.6% 1.2% 0.1% 1.2% 0.7% 0.1% — — — — 1.5% 1.6% 1.8% 1.9% 1.3% 1.2% 1.4% 1.3% 0.6% 0.57%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 12.87 26.44 24.15 289.40 14.13 -14.02 19.20 -29.99 307.95 18.33 -114.19 -2.18 4.62 4.10 2.80 2.02 3.43 2.56 4.61 3.17 3.169
FCF/OCF 0.89 0.96 0.94 0.91 0.91 1.14 0.80 0.85 1.16 1.24 1.17 1.41 0.80 0.85 0.80 0.62 0.75 0.76 0.90 0.94 0.937
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 2.969
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 1.146
CapEx/Revenue 5.0% 4.7% 4.5% 5.4% 4.9% 4.8% 4.6% 5.4% 5.6% 6.0% 6.3% 5.1% 5.1% 4.5% 4.4% 4.6% 4.8% 4.0% 2.8% 1.9% 1.88%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.290
Accruals Ratio -0.20 -0.41 -0.27 -0.22 -0.16 0.10 -0.06 -0.11 0.10 0.07 0.10 0.05 -0.06 -0.07 -0.04 -0.02 -0.04 -0.02 -0.05 -0.04 -0.036
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.248
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 3.690
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 3.8% 4.6% 5.2% 3.1% 0.0% 0.0% 3.6% 3.7% 3.1% 2.6% 0.0% 0.0% 7.3% 9.02%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.09 $0.15 $0.15 $0.15 $0.06 $0.00 $0.00 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.00 $0.00 $0.38 $0.55
Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 74.9% — — — 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% 16.0% 15.1% 18.4% 19.4% 0.0% 0.0% 65.8% 65.82%
FCF Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — 4.8% 5.1% — — — — 0.0% 4.6% 6.8% 14.7% 7.6% 0.0% 0.0% 22.2% 22.17%
Total Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 74.9% — — — 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% 27.5% 34.1% 50.6% 53.4% 15.3% 6.7% 67.1% 67.09%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 — — — 0 0 0 0 0 — — 0 0 0 0 0 — 1 0
Chowder Number -0.97 -0.97 -0.98 — — — 1966.02 — — — -0.27 — — -0.19 0.92 — — -1.00 — 4.42 4.421
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.6% 4.7% 5.4% 4.6% 1.9% 0.8% 0.1% 0.14%
Net Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.5% 1.3% 0.8% 0.8% 0.1% 0.14%
Total Shareholder Return 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 3.8% 4.6% 5.2% 3.1% 0.0% 0.0% 3.6% 3.7% 4.6% 3.9% 0.8% 0.8% 7.4% 7.41%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.77 0.79 0.76 0.27 0.80 0.58 0.36 -0.39 -0.03 -0.75 0.10 0.87 0.86 0.80 0.81 0.74 0.70 0.78 0.79 0.82 0.821
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.43 1.40 1.67 -1.40 1.24 1.31 1.39 8.61 1.42 2.72 1.61 0.98 0.38 0.47 0.43 0.32 0.42 0.40 0.41 0.59 0.587
EBIT Margin 0.03 0.04 0.02 -0.01 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.07 0.17 0.20 0.22 0.26 0.19 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.194
Asset Turnover 0.48 0.40 0.40 0.36 0.30 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.28 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.22 0.21 0.18 0.177
Equity Multiplier 5.15 5.57 5.08 5.08 5.88 6.15 5.01 5.06 5.16 4.97 4.50 4.48 4.51 4.38 4.37 5.45 5.56 6.42 6.97 6.67 6.669
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.47 $0.50 $0.35 $0.02 $0.40 $0.24 $0.12 $-0.12 $-0.01 $-0.14 $0.03 $0.56 $0.57 $0.75 $0.80 $0.65 $0.62 $0.74 $0.69 $0.57 $0.57
Book Value/Share $5.51 $5.81 $5.92 $5.82 $5.79 $5.92 $8.16 $7.85 $7.90 $7.86 $8.01 $8.43 $8.50 $8.41 $8.54 $6.40 $6.48 $7.61 $7.23 $6.60 $7.27
Tangible Book/Share $3.82 $4.12 $4.21 $4.02 $4.00 $4.17 $6.44 $6.19 $6.29 $6.25 $6.43 $6.98 $7.08 $7.02 $7.17 $5.04 $5.09 $5.96 $5.63 $5.22 $5.22
Revenue/Share $13.31 $12.46 $11.69 $10.66 $10.03 $9.90 $9.85 $9.97 $10.04 $10.08 $10.13 $9.86 $10.01 $10.12 $10.24 $10.86 $11.10 $11.46 $11.16 $6.11 $11.59
FCF/Share $5.37 $12.66 $7.85 $5.93 $5.11 $-3.85 $1.88 $3.03 $-4.07 $-3.10 $-4.27 $-1.71 $2.11 $2.62 $1.78 $0.81 $1.58 $1.43 $2.85 $1.70 $4.57
OCF/Share $6.04 $13.25 $8.38 $6.50 $5.60 $-3.37 $2.34 $3.56 $-3.51 $-2.49 $-3.64 $-1.21 $2.62 $3.08 $2.23 $1.31 $2.12 $1.89 $3.16 $1.81 $4.61
Cash/Share $9.93 $17.70 $12.37 $10.96 $13.92 $12.52 $14.44 $14.60 $10.40 $7.05 $7.14 $7.58 $11.32 $9.67 $8.28 $13.73 $11.04 $18.50 $25.48 $14.28 $24.55
EBITDA/Share $7.61 $6.15 $5.72 $5.02 $4.57 $4.37 $4.29 $4.54 $4.74 $4.69 $4.95 $5.16 $5.23 $6.50 $7.65 $7.04 $6.51 $4.84 $2.74 $1.58 $1.58
Debt/Share $9.37 $9.43 $8.31 $8.31 $8.25 $8.27 $6.56 $6.65 $6.77 $4.76 $4.73 $2.38 $2.37 $2.44 $2.43 $4.52 $4.50 $7.35 $9.10 $5.49 $5.49
Net Debt/Share $-0.56 $-8.26 $-4.06 $-2.66 $-5.67 $-4.26 $-7.88 $-7.94 $-3.63 $-2.29 $-2.41 $-5.20 $-8.95 $-7.23 $-5.85 $-9.21 $-6.54 $-11.15 $-16.38 $-8.79 $-8.79
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman-B Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.442
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 2.781
Piotroski F-Score 6 6 5 5 5 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 6 7 6 4 6 6
Beneish M-Score -3.35 -4.36 -3.67 -3.38 -3.38 -2.06 -6.48 -3.14 -2.15 -2.08 -1.96 -1.07 -1.65 -2.31 -2.34 -2.82 -3.19 -2.14 -2.39 -2.46 -2.462
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -5.558
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 8.21%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-21.30
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AA+
Credit Score 86.02 86.20 81.28 66.46 81.72 61.18 61.81 57.24 49.92 49.63 55.49 67.72 89.26 91.47 91.76 82.86 85.19 81.83 84.52 92.75 92.755
Credit Grade snapshot only 2
Credit Trend snapshot only 9.898
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 65.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 95
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 88

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For informational purposes only. Not investment advice. Data sourced from SEC filings. Privacy Terms