— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: PARB.OL (OSL) · $vol 0M

0RI3.L LSE

Pareto Bank ASA
1W: -7.8% 1M: -15.0% 3M: -22.5% YTD: -35.8% 1Y: -30.8% 3Y: +14.0%
kr 52.30 ($5.44)
-0.70 (-1.32%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.4%
kr 49 kr 51 kr 52 kr 54 kr 56
LSE · Financial Services · Banks - Regional · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 39 · kr 4.0B mcap · 33M float · 0.0062% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A-
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
3
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. 0RI3.L receives an overall rating of A-. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B+ A-
2026-09-30 None ADDED
2026-09-29 EXISTED None
2026-08-10 None ADDED
2026-08-10 EXISTED None
2026-07-27 B B+
2026-07-22 B+ B
2026-07-20 B- B+
2026-07-10 B B-
2026-07-02 C+ B

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 32 Grade C
Profitability
24
Balance Sheet
15
Earnings Quality
91
Growth
15
Value
81
Momentum
50
Safety
65
Cash Flow
61
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. 0RI3.L scores highest in Earnings Quality (91/100) and lowest in Growth (15/100). A grade of C represents mixed fundamentals — strengths in some areas offset by weaknesses.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman-B Score
2.67
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-1.77
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-5.86
Bankruptcy prob: 0.3%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB
Score: 55.4/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.45x
Accruals: -0.7%
The Altman-B Score replaces the traditional Z-Score for banks and financial institutions. It weights equity-to-assets, return on assets, retained earnings, market value coverage, and cash reserves — metrics that better capture bank solvency than manufacturing-oriented ratios. 0RI3.L scores 2.67, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 3.0, distress < 1.5). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. 0RI3.L scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. 0RI3.L's score of -1.77 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. 0RI3.L's implied 0.3% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. 0RI3.L receives an estimated rating of BBB (score: 55.4/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). 0RI3.L's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
11.30x
PEG
-0.25x
P/S
1.86x
P/B
0.87x
P/FCF
9.05x
P/OCF
9.04x
EV/EBITDA
25.49x
EV/Revenue
6.23x
EV/EBIT
25.73x
EV/FCF
23.61x
Earnings Yield
7.60%
FCF Yield
11.04%
Shareholder Yield
12.00%
Graham Number
$84.08
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 11.3x earnings, 0RI3.L trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 7.6% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $84.08 per share, suggesting a potential 61% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.750
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.000
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.242
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.084
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
5.117
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
7.8%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. 0RI3.L's ROE of 7.8% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 5.12x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
$43.95
Price/Value
1.55x
Margin of Safety
-54.73%
Premium
54.73%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with 0RI3.L's realized 0.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. 0RI3.L trades at a 55% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $43.95, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 8.5x compares to the current market P/E of 11.3x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1012 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$52.30
Median 1Y
$56.17
5th Pctile
$28.78
95th Pctile
$109.46
Ann. Volatility
39.3%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 13.5% 13.7% 13.5% 13.1% 12.8% 13.8% 14.0% 14.3% 13.8% 12.9% 13.5% 14.0% 13.4% 12.9% 12.6% 13.2% 13.3% 11.9% 10.3% 7.8% 7.83%
ROA 2.5% 2.6% 2.5% 2.4% 2.4% 2.6% 2.5% 2.6% 2.6% 2.5% 2.5% 2.6% 2.7% 2.5% 2.5% 2.6% 2.6% 2.5% 2.1% 1.5% 1.53%
ROIC 5.2% 5.0% 4.6% 4.7% 4.7% 4.7% 5.1% 5.1% 4.8% 4.6% 4.9% 5.1% 5.2% 5.1% 5.1% 5.3% 5.4% 5.2% 4.1% 3.1% 3.14%
ROCE 6.6% 6.4% 5.8% 5.9% 6.0% 6.0% 5.7% 5.9% 5.9% 5.7% 6.2% 6.5% 6.6% 6.5% 6.4% 6.7% 3.5% 6.5% 3.0% 2.3% 2.25%
Gross Margin 86.4% 85.3% 81.4% 80.1% 76.2% 68.7% 62.8% 59.0% 56.5% 55.7% 54.7% 55.6% 55.6% 55.4% 55.1% 55.2% 0.0% 37.5% 29.2% 18.7% 18.66%
Operating Margin 67.7% 65.4% 58.7% 61.2% 55.1% 56.7% 41.8% 44.8% 40.5% 38.8% 41.9% 41.1% 40.0% 36.3% 38.8% 42.4% 40.3% 27.8% 18.6% 8.6% 8.55%
Net Margin 51.2% 49.6% 44.2% 46.2% 41.7% 43.1% 31.7% 34.2% 30.9% 27.6% 31.9% 31.4% 30.6% 25.3% 29.6% 32.3% 28.5% 21.5% 14.5% 7.0% 7.02%
EBITDA Margin 69.2% 66.9% 60.1% 62.6% 56.4% 57.7% 42.8% 45.7% 41.3% 39.6% 42.7% 41.9% 40.8% 37.1% 39.6% 43.2% 40.3% 27.7% 19.5% 8.6% 8.55%
FCF Margin -74.6% -99.4% -33.7% -58.2% -98.4% -78.5% -29.2% -44.5% 12.4% 63.0% 23.3% 57.4% 68.1% 95.2% 84.4% 1.1% 92.5% 66.8% 86.8% 26.4% 26.39%
OCF Margin -73.5% -98.1% -32.7% -57.2% -97.5% -77.8% -28.1% -43.5% 13.3% 64.0% 23.9% 58.0% 68.7% 95.7% 85.0% 1.1% 92.9% 67.1% 87.0% 26.4% 26.43%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 11.40%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 12.12%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 2.22%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 3.95%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 3.13%
Cash ROA snapshot only 2.38%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 4.42%
CROIC snapshot only 4.42%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 18.76%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 24.21%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 4.42%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 5.62 6.51 7.29 5.59 5.07 5.41 5.77 5.21 5.98 6.04 6.24 6.54 7.56 7.26 8.59 9.76 10.23 10.58 10.58 13.15 11.303
P/S Ratio 2.89 3.30 3.60 2.67 2.29 2.37 2.31 1.94 2.08 1.87 1.94 1.99 2.30 2.16 2.51 2.88 2.97 2.98 2.60 2.39 1.861
P/B Ratio 0.73 0.86 0.96 0.72 0.64 0.71 0.76 0.70 0.76 0.72 0.77 0.85 0.97 0.90 1.04 1.25 1.39 1.22 1.13 1.12 0.870
P/FCF -3.87 -3.32 -10.67 -4.58 -2.33 -3.01 -7.94 -4.37 16.71 2.96 8.32 3.47 3.37 2.27 2.97 2.55 3.21 4.45 3.00 9.05 9.055
P/OCF — — — — — — — — 15.60 2.92 8.11 3.43 3.34 2.26 2.95 2.54 3.19 4.43 2.99 9.04 9.042
EV/EBITDA 12.80 14.02 15.84 14.27 13.53 14.12 13.22 13.07 14.19 14.38 14.01 13.68 14.12 14.05 14.93 15.53 15.85 16.10 19.37 25.49 25.491
EV/Revenue 8.84 9.63 10.59 9.21 8.28 8.33 7.15 6.55 6.60 6.06 5.91 5.66 5.82 5.70 5.95 6.25 6.36 6.10 6.43 6.23 6.229
EV/EBIT 13.05 14.32 16.19 14.59 13.84 14.43 13.51 13.35 14.48 14.68 14.29 13.95 14.40 14.34 15.25 15.86 16.10 16.28 19.63 25.73 25.731
EV/FCF -11.85 -9.68 -31.40 -15.83 -8.42 -10.61 -24.52 -14.74 53.10 9.62 25.39 9.85 8.55 5.99 7.05 5.53 6.87 9.13 7.41 23.61 23.605
Earnings Yield 17.8% 15.4% 13.7% 17.9% 19.7% 18.5% 17.3% 19.2% 16.7% 16.6% 16.0% 15.3% 13.2% 13.8% 11.6% 10.2% 9.8% 9.5% 9.5% 7.6% 7.60%
FCF Yield -25.9% -30.1% -9.4% -21.8% -43.0% -33.2% -12.6% -22.9% 6.0% 33.8% 12.0% 28.8% 29.6% 44.1% 33.6% 39.2% 31.2% 22.5% 33.4% 11.0% 11.04%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 1.128
EV/OCF snapshot only 23.571
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 29.490
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 25.718
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 12.00%
Graham Number snapshot only $84.08
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.14 0.12 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 0.31 0.314
Quick Ratio 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.14 0.12 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 0.31 0.314
Debt/Equity 1.52 1.66 1.89 1.78 1.68 1.81 1.93 1.96 1.73 1.70 1.60 1.57 1.51 1.49 1.43 1.47 1.58 1.30 1.68 1.82 1.815
Net Debt/Equity 1.50 1.65 1.87 1.76 1.67 1.80 1.59 1.67 1.65 1.61 1.59 1.56 1.50 1.47 1.42 1.46 1.58 1.28 1.66 1.80 1.798
Debt/Assets 0.30 0.32 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.34 0.35 0.35 0.33 0.33 0.32 0.30 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.29 0.36 0.35 0.349
Debt/EBITDA 8.73 9.32 10.56 10.24 9.89 10.21 10.86 10.80 10.25 10.49 9.51 8.94 8.63 8.81 8.72 8.45 8.45 8.34 11.64 15.86 15.861
Net Debt/EBITDA 8.63 9.21 10.45 10.14 9.79 10.11 8.94 9.19 9.73 9.95 9.42 8.86 8.55 8.73 8.64 8.37 8.45 8.25 11.54 15.71 15.713
Interest Coverage 4.45 4.60 4.24 3.75 3.06 2.39 1.82 1.44 1.18 0.99 0.95 0.91 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.88 1.16 1.12 1.01 0.77 0.769
Equity Multiplier 5.14 5.23 5.66 5.52 5.37 5.28 5.56 5.60 5.19 5.16 5.07 5.18 4.88 5.01 5.07 5.05 5.26 4.41 4.70 5.20 5.199
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.103
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 0.777
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.009
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.068
Defensive Interval snapshot only 538.3 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.084
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 36.17 55.71 57.36 49.74 43.41 53.74 42.42 35.10 25.17 21.14 20.63 22.76 16.63 14.70 15.63 17.08 29.33 15.23 15.17 13.78 13.780
Payables Turnover — 5.53 — — — 12.30 — — — 13.62 — — — 8.60 — — — 20.22 — — —
DSO 10 7 6 7 8 7 9 10 15 17 18 16 22 25 23 21 12 24 24 26 26.5 days
DIO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 0 66 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 42 0 0 0 18 0 0 —
Cash Conversion Cycle 10 -59 6 7 8 -23 9 10 15 -10 18 16 22 -18 23 21 12 6 24 26 —
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 59.937
Cash Velocity snapshot only 27.583
Capital Intensity snapshot only 11.101
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue -0.1% 2.5% 3.9% 10.4% 14.5% 27.9% 39.8% 50.0% 56.8% 51.4% 45.2% 37.6% 27.0% 17.6% 12.2% 8.7% 5.9% 4.0% -1.4% -7.7% -7.73%
Net Income 21.2% 17.8% 5.3% 4.9% 0.9% 10.1% 13.4% 17.3% 20.3% 7.0% 12.3% 12.3% 11.2% 13.4% 5.7% 5.3% 1.1% -1.7% -17.1% -43.2% -43.19%
EPS 21.2% 17.7% 5.0% 3.0% -0.8% 11.9% 15.7% 21.4% 13.0% -2.6% 2.2% 2.1% 2.6% 13.6% 5.9% -1.7% 9.7% -2.1% -17.2% -39.1% -39.14%
FCF -1.5% -2.0% -74.4% -2.3% -50.9% -1.0% -20.8% -14.6% 1.2% 2.2% 2.2% 2.8% 6.0% 77.8% 3.1% 1.1% 43.9% -27.0% 1.4% -78.4% -78.44%
EBITDA 21.4% 18.8% 6.2% 5.6% 1.4% 9.8% 13.0% 16.5% 19.1% 8.2% 13.3% 13.6% 12.7% 13.3% 6.0% 5.6% 2.9% -2.8% -17.8% -43.9% -43.93%
Op. Income 21.9% 18.2% 5.5% 5.0% 1.0% 9.8% 13.1% 16.7% 19.4% 8.2% 13.5% 13.8% 12.8% 13.4% 5.9% 5.5% 3.4% -1.9% -17.2% -43.3% -43.26%
OCF Growth snapshot only -78.51%
Asset Growth snapshot only -12.13%
Equity Growth snapshot only -14.68%
Debt Growth snapshot only 5.23%
Shares Change snapshot only -6.65%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 94.47%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 10.8% 9.8% 7.9% 7.8% 8.1% 10.1% 14.0% 16.5% 21.5% 25.6% 28.2% 31.6% 31.6% 31.5% 31.6% 30.9% 28.2% 22.8% 17.1% 11.3% 11.33%
Revenue 5Y — — 41.4% 24.4% 16.1% 12.6% 15.4% 17.3% 19.5% 20.7% 20.6% 21.0% 20.3% 18.9% 19.3% 18.8% 19.3% 19.4% 18.5% 18.0% 17.97%
EPS 3Y 9.8% 15.1% 6.2% 12.5% 11.7% 12.4% 17.4% 13.8% 10.8% 8.6% 7.5% 8.5% 4.8% 7.4% 7.8% 6.8% 8.3% 2.7% -3.6% -15.1% -15.14%
EPS 5Y — — 40.3% 21.9% 11.7% 12.5% 9.0% 8.6% 8.2% 10.7% 7.2% 12.1% 10.1% 9.4% 11.9% 8.2% 8.9% 7.3% 1.7% -5.2% -5.23%
Net Income 3Y 16.1% 15.1% 12.6% 13.5% 11.8% 11.8% 15.6% 12.9% 13.7% 11.5% 10.3% 11.4% 10.5% 10.1% 10.4% 11.5% 10.6% 6.1% -0.5% -12.4% -12.42%
Net Income 5Y — — 45.0% 26.9% 16.3% 12.2% 12.7% 12.2% 13.7% 12.4% 12.7% 14.0% 13.3% 11.1% 12.9% 11.2% 10.6% 9.1% 3.3% -3.7% -3.73%
EBITDA 3Y 16.0% 15.2% 12.8% 13.5% 11.9% 11.8% 15.6% 12.9% 13.6% 12.2% 10.8% 11.8% 10.8% 10.4% 10.7% 11.8% 11.4% 6.0% -0.5% -12.4% -12.38%
EBITDA 5Y — — 45.2% 27.1% 16.5% 12.3% 12.8% 12.2% 13.5% 12.7% 12.9% 14.1% 13.5% 11.4% 13.1% 11.5% 11.2% 9.2% 3.4% -3.7% -3.72%
Gross Profit 3Y 15.0% 15.0% 13.0% 12.8% 12.1% 11.8% 13.6% 12.6% 13.8% 14.4% 13.9% 15.3% 14.2% 13.9% 14.3% 14.3% 3.2% -2.8% -11.2% -23.8% -23.82%
Gross Profit 5Y — — 45.3% 27.1% 17.5% 12.4% 13.5% 13.6% 14.6% 14.9% 14.3% 14.7% 14.1% 12.7% 13.3% 12.4% 6.2% 3.4% -2.1% -10.2% -10.23%
Op. Income 3Y 15.9% 15.1% 12.6% 13.4% 11.7% 11.8% 15.7% 13.0% 13.7% 12.0% 10.6% 11.7% 10.8% 10.5% 10.7% 11.9% 11.6% 6.4% -0.2% -12.0% -12.03%
Op. Income 5Y — — 44.8% 26.7% 16.1% 12.1% 12.5% 12.0% 13.4% 12.6% 12.8% 14.1% 13.4% 11.4% 13.2% 11.6% 11.4% 9.3% 3.5% -3.6% -3.56%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — -48.4% 6.9% — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 61.0% 6.6% 9.6% — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — — -47.3% 7.1% — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 60.4% 6.6% 9.6% — — —
Assets 3Y 7.2% 8.6% 8.3% 5.5% 7.0% 8.4% 10.2% 7.6% 7.4% 9.9% 11.8% 10.1% 8.7% 10.9% 9.8% 8.5% 7.1% 4.4% 0.8% -0.3% -0.29%
Assets 5Y — — 8.8% 10.2% 10.1% 11.2% 12.4% 9.2% 9.1% 10.6% 9.2% 7.6% 7.8% 9.2% 9.6% 7.0% 5.7% 5.4% 5.7% 4.0% 4.02%
Equity 3Y 17.2% 15.1% 13.3% 8.4% 8.8% 9.0% 9.2% 8.2% 11.0% 12.3% 12.3% 10.7% 10.6% 12.5% 13.9% 11.7% 7.9% 10.8% 6.7% 2.2% 2.23%
Book Value 3Y 10.8% 15.1% 6.8% 7.5% 8.8% 9.6% 10.9% 9.0% 8.1% 9.4% 9.4% 7.9% 4.9% 9.6% 11.2% 7.0% 5.6% 7.3% 3.4% -0.9% -0.95%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — -64.2% -55.0% — — 1.8% 1.2% 18.2% 18.20%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.84 0.74 0.83 0.84 0.92 0.88 0.83 0.76 0.76 0.78 0.77 0.78 0.80 0.82 0.85 0.87 0.90 0.93 0.92 0.85 0.852
Earnings Stability 0.98 0.96 0.86 0.91 0.97 0.98 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.99 0.97 0.99 0.97 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.95 0.95 0.50 0.01 0.012
Margin Stability 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.92 0.91 0.88 0.87 0.85 0.84 0.83 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.76 0.73 0.68 0.60 0.599
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.92 0.93 0.98 0.98 1.00 0.96 0.95 0.93 0.92 0.97 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.95 0.98 0.98 1.00 0.99 0.93 0.83 0.827
Earnings Smoothness 0.81 0.84 0.95 0.95 0.99 0.90 0.87 0.84 0.82 0.93 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.87 0.94 0.95 0.99 0.98 0.81 0.45 0.449
ROE Trend 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.00 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.04 -0.043
Gross Margin Trend 0.11 0.11 0.08 0.05 0.01 -0.05 -0.12 -0.17 -0.21 -0.22 -0.21 -0.19 -0.15 -0.12 -0.08 -0.05 -0.16 -0.19 -0.25 -0.34 -0.344
FCF Margin Trend 0.09 -1.30 -0.15 -0.61 -1.42 -0.80 -0.02 -0.05 0.99 1.52 0.55 1.09 1.11 1.03 0.87 1.06 0.52 -0.12 0.33 -0.59 -0.588
Sustainable Growth Rate 13.5% 13.7% 13.5% 13.1% 12.8% 13.8% 14.0% 7.8% 7.7% 7.0% 7.8% 14.0% 13.4% 12.7% 12.1% 6.7% 6.6% 5.9% 4.2% -4.5% -4.53%
Internal Growth Rate 2.6% 2.6% 2.6% 2.5% 2.5% 2.7% 2.6% 1.4% 1.5% 1.4% 1.5% 2.7% 2.7% 2.6% 2.4% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 0.9% — —
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income -1.43 -1.93 -0.66 -1.20 -2.16 -1.78 -0.70 -1.17 0.38 2.07 0.77 1.91 2.26 3.22 2.91 3.85 3.20 2.39 3.54 1.45 1.455
FCF/OCF 1.02 1.01 1.03 1.02 1.01 1.01 1.04 1.02 0.93 0.98 0.97 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.999
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.453
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 1.081
CapEx/Revenue 1.1% 1.3% 1.1% 1.0% 0.9% 0.7% 1.0% 1.0% 0.9% 1.0% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.3% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.1% 0.0% 0.04%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.165
Accruals Ratio 0.06 0.08 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.07 0.04 0.06 0.02 -0.03 0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.06 -0.05 -0.07 -0.06 -0.03 -0.05 -0.01 -0.007
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.502
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.920
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 8.8% 7.4% 7.5% 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.5% 5.1% 4.9% 4.7% 5.6% 12.0% 15.12%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $3.86 $3.51 $3.51 $3.51 $0.00 $0.00 $0.17 $0.35 $4.20 $4.49 $4.31 $4.31 $8.16 $8.00
Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 45.6% 44.0% 45.4% 42.1% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 3.9% 49.4% 50.1% 50.1% 59.0% 1.6% 1.58%
FCF Payout Ratio — — — — — — — — 1.2% 22.2% 56.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.6% 1.4% 12.9% 15.7% 21.1% 16.7% 1.1% 1.09%
Total Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 45.6% 44.0% 45.4% 42.1% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 3.9% 49.4% 50.1% 50.1% 59.0% 1.6% 1.58%
Div. Increase Streak — — — — — — — 0 0 0 0 — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — -0.95 -0.90 — — 23.95 11.56 0.94 0.935
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield -0.0% -0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -9.2% -9.4% -8.5% -7.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Shareholder Return -0.0% -0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 8.8% -1.8% -1.9% -1.7% -7.8% 0.0% 0.3% 0.5% 5.1% 4.9% 4.7% 5.6% 12.0% 12.00%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.74 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.750
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
EBIT Margin 0.68 0.67 0.65 0.63 0.60 0.58 0.53 0.49 0.46 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.37 0.33 0.24 0.242
Asset Turnover 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.084
Equity Multiplier 5.42 5.36 5.40 5.40 5.26 5.26 5.61 5.56 5.27 5.22 5.30 5.37 5.03 5.08 5.07 5.11 5.07 4.70 4.89 5.12 5.117
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $7.12 $7.11 $7.04 $6.97 $7.06 $7.95 $8.15 $8.46 $7.98 $7.74 $8.33 $8.64 $8.18 $8.79 $8.83 $8.50 $8.98 $8.61 $7.30 $5.17 $5.17
Book Value/Share $55.05 $53.84 $53.21 $54.24 $56.16 $60.42 $61.93 $62.53 $63.22 $65.18 $67.30 $66.84 $63.53 $70.95 $73.11 $66.50 $66.21 $74.57 $68.45 $60.77 $60.77
Tangible Book/Share $54.62 $53.38 $52.74 $53.78 $55.71 $59.95 $61.37 $61.98 $62.71 $64.63 $66.75 $66.30 $63.05 $70.45 $72.58 $66.00 $65.69 $74.07 $67.94 $60.26 $60.26
Revenue/Share $13.86 $14.01 $14.25 $14.60 $15.61 $18.20 $20.34 $22.67 $23.00 $25.06 $26.87 $28.38 $26.94 $29.54 $30.20 $28.79 $30.94 $30.59 $29.71 $28.46 $28.43
FCF/Share $-10.35 $-13.93 $-4.81 $-8.50 $-15.36 $-14.29 $-5.93 $-10.08 $2.86 $15.79 $6.25 $16.30 $18.33 $28.13 $25.49 $32.51 $28.61 $20.45 $25.79 $7.51 $1.72
OCF/Share $-10.19 $-13.74 $-4.66 $-8.35 $-15.22 $-14.16 $-5.72 $-9.86 $3.06 $16.04 $6.42 $16.47 $18.49 $28.28 $25.66 $32.67 $28.74 $20.54 $25.83 $7.52 $1.73
Cash/Share $1.01 $1.01 $1.01 $1.00 $1.00 $1.04 $21.09 $18.29 $5.62 $5.67 $0.94 $0.95 $0.89 $0.97 $0.98 $0.93 $0.00 $1.01 $1.02 $1.03 $1.03
EBITDA/Share $9.57 $9.62 $9.53 $9.43 $9.55 $10.73 $10.99 $11.36 $10.69 $10.56 $11.33 $11.75 $11.11 $11.99 $12.03 $11.58 $12.41 $11.60 $9.86 $6.95 $6.95
Debt/Share $83.60 $89.60 $100.68 $96.58 $94.51 $109.55 $119.38 $122.77 $109.63 $110.75 $107.69 $105.06 $95.87 $105.63 $104.88 $97.85 $104.86 $96.69 $114.81 $110.30 $110.30
Net Debt/Share $82.58 $88.58 $99.67 $95.59 $93.51 $108.51 $98.29 $104.48 $104.00 $105.08 $106.75 $104.10 $94.99 $104.65 $103.89 $96.93 $104.86 $95.68 $113.79 $109.27 $109.27
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman-B Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.666
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 0.284
Piotroski F-Score 4 4 1 3 3 5 5 5 5 6 5 6 6 7 8 7 6 7 4 5 5
Beneish M-Score -2.62 -2.47 -2.34 -2.12 -1.48 -0.89 -0.74 -0.51 -0.59 0.00 -0.84 -1.87 -2.21 -2.69 -2.68 -2.59 -3.47 -2.84 -2.68 -1.77 -1.775
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -5.859
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-252.00
EVA snapshot only $-895662583.52
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB
Credit Score 59.80 59.00 59.00 59.00 59.00 59.00 63.50 59.00 60.50 62.90 61.40 63.50 68.00 70.30 65.20 79.90 75.20 68.20 73.10 55.40 55.400
Credit Grade snapshot only 9
Credit Trend snapshot only -24.500
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 275.000

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