HK$6.82 ($0.87)

+0.12 (+1.72%)

Weekly Expected Move ±6.5%

HK$6 HK$6 HK$7 HK$7 HK$8

HKSE · Industrials · Industrial - Machinery · Tech Score Sell · Power 33 · HK$12.9B mcap · 496M float · 1.23% daily turnover

Overview Chart Financials Income Statement Cash Flow Balance Sheet Earnings

Analysis Technicals Weather Peers ETF Exposure

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+

Oct 02, 2026

DCF

ROE

ROA

D/E

P/E

P/B

The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. 1286.HK receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/B (2/5).

Rating Change History

Date	From	To
2026-10-02	A-	B+
2026-09-28	B+	A-
2026-09-24	A-	B+
2026-09-23	B+	A-
2026-08-19	A-	B+
2026-07-27	B+	A-
2026-07-22	A-	B+
2026-07-20	B+	A-
2026-07-02	A-	B+
2026-05-11	A	A-

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 70 Grade A+

Profitability

Balance Sheet

Earnings Quality

Growth

Value

Momentum

Safety

100

Cash Flow

The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. 1286.HK scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Cash Flow (47/100). An overall grade of A+ places 1286.HK among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score

4.49

Safe Zone

Piotroski F-Score

7/9

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗

Beneish M-Score

-2.53

Unlikely Manipulator

Ohlson O-Score

-10.18

Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%

Low Risk

Credit Rating

AA-

Score: 83.5/100

Trend: Improving

Earnings Quality

75/100

OCF/NI: 1.63x

Accruals: -9.9%

The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. 1286.HK scores 4.49, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. 1286.HK scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. 1286.HK's score of -2.53 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. 1286.HK's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. 1286.HK receives an estimated rating of AA- (score: 83.5/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). 1286.HK's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E

16.23x

PEG

0.97x

P/S

2.27x

P/B

1.92x

P/FCF

22.32x

P/OCF

6.27x

EV/EBITDA

5.93x

EV/Revenue

1.59x

EV/EBIT

8.85x

EV/FCF

24.16x

Earnings Yield

9.77%

FCF Yield

4.48%

Shareholder Yield

3.97%

Graham Number

$7.92

Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 16.2x earnings, 1286.HK trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 9.8% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $7.92 per share, suggesting a potential 16% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden

0.867

NI / EBT

Interest Burden

0.921

EBT / EBIT

EBIT Margin

0.179

EBIT / Rev

Asset Turnover

1.091

Rev / Assets

Equity Multiplier

1.650

Assets / Equity

ROE

25.7%

The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. 1286.HK's ROE of 25.7% is driven by Asset Turnover (1.091), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate

15.00%

Fair P/E

38.50x

Intrinsic Value

$30.19

Price/Value

0.27x

Margin of Safety

73.40%

Premium

-73.40%

Assessment

Neutral

Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with 1286.HK's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. 1286.HK actually compounded EPS at 76.4% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. 1286.HK trades at a -73% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $30.19, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 16.2x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1764 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price

$6.82

Median 1Y

$6.72

5th Pctile

$2.58

95th Pctile

$17.45

Ann. Volatility

58.1%

25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
ROE	7.9%	13.4%	7.5%	9.7%	6.7%	5.6%	19.5%	23.0%	24.7%	25.3%	26.3%	27.0%	25.7%	26.1%	25.7%	25.74%
ROA	4.4%	9.0%	5.2%	6.9%	4.1%	3.6%	12.3%	14.4%	15.3%	15.2%	15.5%	15.4%	15.0%	15.5%	15.6%	15.60%
ROIC	7.6%	13.0%	15.1%	17.2%	11.3%	9.6%	15.7%	16.7%	18.3%	19.4%	20.0%	21.6%	20.7%	20.9%	21.0%	21.01%
ROCE	8.4%	15.2%	22.4%	24.1%	19.8%	16.7%	19.6%	21.2%	23.4%	23.5%	24.2%	24.8%	22.6%	23.7%	21.6%	21.58%
Gross Margin	34.8%	33.1%	30.4%	29.5%	29.3%	30.4%	32.6%	31.5%	28.9%	28.4%	26.4%	27.8%	27.8%	27.2%	31.7%	31.67%
Operating Margin	20.8%	16.7%	13.7%	13.9%	12.9%	12.3%	17.6%	16.6%	16.0%	13.0%	18.0%	20.0%	18.9%	16.4%	19.3%	19.30%
Net Margin	15.7%	13.8%	-19.7%	7.8%	9.6%	10.6%	12.2%	14.5%	12.6%	12.8%	12.7%	14.9%	14.1%	14.4%	14.0%	13.95%
EBITDA Margin	30.9%	29.3%	-1.7%	25.4%	24.7%	23.8%	28.0%	28.0%	28.2%	25.2%	29.1%	25.2%	26.4%	25.9%	29.0%	29.00%
FCF Margin	7.0%	10.5%	12.6%	10.7%	4.5%	-4.8%	-8.0%	-6.9%	-0.9%	5.1%	7.4%	9.9%	9.3%	8.8%	6.6%	6.56%
OCF Margin	22.8%	25.0%	26.8%	27.1%	25.3%	18.9%	16.7%	14.6%	17.3%	21.8%	21.5%	23.9%	22.6%	22.7%	23.3%	23.34%
ROE 3Y Avg	snapshot only															21.63%
ROA 3Y Avg	snapshot only															12.96%
ROIC 3Y Avg	snapshot only															17.13%
ROIC Economic	snapshot only															18.59%
Cash ROA	snapshot only															22.21%
Cash ROIC	snapshot only															30.38%
CROIC	snapshot only															8.54%
NOPAT Margin	snapshot only															16.15%
Pretax Margin	snapshot only															16.50%
R&D / Revenue	snapshot only															3.40%
SGA / Revenue	snapshot only															10.60%
SBC / Revenue	snapshot only															0.00%

Valuation

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
P/E Ratio	11.79	9.50	14.98	9.79	14.06	12.28	4.56	3.87	3.99	3.54	2.98	2.86	4.29	6.71	10.24	16.226
P/S Ratio	1.85	1.41	0.80	0.58	0.58	0.43	0.47	0.46	0.50	0.46	0.39	0.38	0.58	0.94	1.46	2.271
P/B Ratio	0.94	1.28	1.13	0.95	0.89	0.66	0.81	0.85	0.93	0.85	0.74	0.74	1.04	1.64	2.26	1.919
P/FCF	26.54	13.39	6.39	5.47	12.83	-9.04	-5.82	-6.61	-53.94	9.03	5.29	3.81	6.29	10.72	22.32	22.323
P/OCF	8.11	5.61	3.00	2.15	2.28	2.28	2.80	3.15	2.90	2.11	1.82	1.58	2.59	4.13	6.27	6.273
EV/EBITDA	7.23	5.08	4.05	2.78	3.23	2.99	2.42	2.56	2.54	2.35	2.07	2.04	2.89	4.19	5.93	5.929
EV/Revenue	2.23	1.53	0.87	0.62	0.66	0.57	0.62	0.67	0.69	0.64	0.57	0.55	0.77	1.11	1.59	1.585
EV/EBIT	10.79	7.84	4.70	3.63	4.41	4.23	4.25	4.32	4.15	3.84	3.42	3.29	4.58	6.35	8.85	8.850
EV/FCF	31.98	14.57	6.90	5.83	14.75	-12.07	-7.67	-9.66	-74.27	12.58	7.77	5.55	8.25	12.71	24.16	24.163
Earnings Yield	8.5%	10.5%	6.7%	10.2%	7.1%	8.1%	21.9%	25.9%	25.1%	28.2%	33.6%	35.0%	23.3%	14.9%	9.8%	9.77%
FCF Yield	3.8%	7.5%	15.7%	18.3%	7.8%	-11.1%	-17.2%	-15.1%	-1.9%	11.1%	18.9%	26.2%	15.9%	9.3%	4.5%	4.48%
PEG Ratio	snapshot only															0.974
Price/Tangible Book	snapshot only															2.405
EV/OCF	snapshot only															6.791
EV/Gross Profit	snapshot only															5.511
Acquirers Multiple	snapshot only															8.527
Shareholder Yield	snapshot only															3.97%
Graham Number	snapshot only															$7.92

Leverage & Solvency

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
Current Ratio	1.49	1.77	1.98	2.12	1.85	1.74	1.74	1.63	1.55	1.55	1.62	1.63	1.72	1.60	1.92	1.918
Quick Ratio	1.10	1.17	1.26	1.42	1.18	1.12	1.17	0.99	1.02	1.05	1.08	1.08	1.16	1.10	1.41	1.408
Debt/Equity	0.54	0.27	0.25	0.21	0.23	0.35	0.43	0.50	0.48	0.46	0.44	0.47	0.45	0.43	0.37	0.372
Net Debt/Equity	0.19	0.11	0.09	0.06	0.13	0.22	0.26	0.39	0.35	0.33	0.35	0.34	0.32	0.31	0.19	0.186
Debt/Assets	0.30	0.18	0.18	0.15	0.15	0.22	0.26	0.28	0.28	0.27	0.26	0.27	0.27	0.26	0.23	0.229
Debt/EBITDA	3.45	0.99	0.85	0.58	0.71	1.20	0.98	1.03	0.95	0.92	0.84	0.88	0.95	0.93	0.90	0.901
Net Debt/EBITDA	1.23	0.41	0.30	0.17	0.42	0.75	0.58	0.81	0.70	0.66	0.66	0.64	0.69	0.66	0.45	0.452
Interest Coverage	8.12	9.42	9.53	10.11	12.99	14.21	17.46	14.23	10.85	8.50	7.13	6.85	7.20	8.55	9.83	9.832
Equity Multiplier	1.79	1.49	1.44	1.41	1.46	1.62	1.70	1.77	1.74	1.70	1.69	1.73	1.68	1.68	1.62	1.623
Cash Ratio	snapshot only															0.544
Debt Service Coverage	snapshot only															14.676
Cash to Debt	snapshot only															0.499
FCF to Debt	snapshot only															0.272
Defensive Interval	snapshot only															1060.8 days

Efficiency & Turnover

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
Asset Turnover	0.28	0.61	0.97	1.16	1.01	1.03	1.20	1.21	1.22	1.17	1.18	1.17	1.10	1.11	1.09	1.091
Inventory Turnover	1.55	3.06	4.51	6.31	5.68	5.34	5.91	6.04	6.62	6.45	6.58	6.08	6.41	6.98	6.94	6.944
Receivables Turnover	2.19	4.46	7.86	8.78	7.40	7.50	8.70	9.04	8.63	8.73	8.03	8.79	7.83	8.09	7.36	7.362
Payables Turnover	4.17	8.45	16.98	15.89	13.63	14.83	16.38	15.20	14.19	14.37	13.64	12.81	13.14	12.22	10.84	10.836
DSO	166	82	46	42	49	49	42	40	42	42	45	42	47	45	50	49.6 days
DIO	236	119	81	58	64	68	62	60	55	57	55	60	57	52	53	52.6 days
DPO	88	43	21	23	27	25	22	24	26	25	27	28	28	30	34	33.7 days
Cash Conversion Cycle	314	158	106	76	87	92	81	77	72	73	74	73	76	68	68	68.5 days
Fixed Asset Turnover	snapshot only															1.783
Operating Cycle	snapshot only															102.1 days
Cash Velocity	snapshot only															8.329
Capital Intensity	snapshot only															1.051

Growth (YoY)

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
Revenue	—	—	—	—	2.4%	84.1%	50.3%	23.9%	34.5%	33.7%	21.8%	14.2%	7.1%	9.2%	13.4%	13.40%
Net Income	—	—	—	—	-11.6%	-56.5%	1.9%	1.5%	3.1%	4.0%	55.9%	27.4%	16.4%	17.4%	23.5%	23.53%
EPS	—	—	—	—	-29.4%	-53.2%	1.9%	1.5%	3.1%	4.0%	55.6%	27.2%	16.4%	17.4%	22.9%	22.95%
FCF	—	—	—	—	1.2%	-1.8%	-2.0%	-1.8%	-1.3%	2.4%	2.1%	2.6%	11.7%	87.3%	0.6%	0.65%
EBITDA	—	—	—	—	1.3%	17.2%	79.0%	45.2%	77.7%	90.7%	32.0%	17.5%	4.8%	6.2%	9.6%	9.60%
Op. Income	—	—	—	—	1.3%	28.3%	23.4%	12.0%	47.6%	60.9%	35.5%	27.7%	19.4%	25.8%	32.2%	32.19%
OCF Growth	snapshot only															23.09%
Asset Growth	snapshot only															34.24%
Equity Growth	snapshot only															39.71%
Debt Growth	snapshot only															17.83%
Shares Change	snapshot only															0.48%
Dividend Growth	snapshot only															-0.38%

Growth (CAGR)

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
Revenue 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	69.7%	39.0%	27.6%	27.57%
Revenue 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
EPS 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	50.1%	39.7%	76.4%	76.41%
EPS 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Net Income 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	61.8%	36.5%	76.8%	76.81%
Net Income 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
EBITDA 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	61.3%	33.4%	37.3%	37.31%
EBITDA 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Gross Profit 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	57.0%	29.2%	21.8%	21.80%
Gross Profit 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Op. Income 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	60.3%	37.5%	30.3%	30.28%
Op. Income 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
FCF 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	86.6%	30.9%	2.6%	2.64%
FCF 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
OCF 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	69.0%	34.6%	21.8%	21.81%
OCF 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Assets 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	9.2%	16.3%	28.3%	28.32%
Assets 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Equity 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	11.5%	11.8%	23.4%	23.43%
Book Value 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	3.4%	14.4%	23.2%	23.15%
Dividend 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	-0.7%	3.3%	-0.2%	-0.20%

Growth Quality

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
Revenue Stability	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.96	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.88	0.94	0.97	0.974
Earnings Stability	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.72	0.44	1.00	0.96	0.85	0.70	0.99	0.985
Margin Stability	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.90	0.91	0.93	0.933
Rev. Growth Consistency	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.000
FCF Positive Streak	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0
Earnings Persistence	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.89	0.93	0.93	0.91	0.906
Earnings Smoothness	—	—	—	—	0.88	0.21	0.03	0.15	0.00	0.00	0.56	0.76	0.85	0.84	0.79	0.789
ROE Trend	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.16	0.15	0.12	0.10	0.09	0.10	0.01	0.007
Gross Margin Trend	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	-0.02	-0.02	-0.03	-0.04	-0.03	-0.03	-0.01	-0.009
FCF Margin Trend	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	-0.07	0.02	0.05	0.08	0.08	0.09	0.07	0.069
Sustainable Growth Rate	5.2%	9.0%	0.9%	2.7%	1.3%	1.0%	12.7%	14.1%	13.6%	12.5%	13.1%	13.8%	13.5%	14.6%	15.3%	15.29%
Internal Growth Rate	3.0%	6.4%	0.6%	1.9%	0.8%	0.6%	8.7%	9.6%	9.2%	8.2%	8.4%	8.5%	8.6%	9.5%	10.2%	10.21%

Cash Flow Quality

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
OCF/Net Income	1.45	1.69	4.99	4.55	6.17	5.40	1.63	1.23	1.38	1.68	1.64	1.80	1.65	1.62	1.63	1.632
FCF/OCF	0.31	0.42	0.47	0.39	0.18	-0.25	-0.48	-0.48	-0.05	0.23	0.34	0.42	0.41	0.39	0.28	0.281
FCF/Net Income	snapshot only															0.459
OCF/EBITDA	snapshot only															0.873
CapEx/Revenue	15.9%	14.5%	14.2%	16.4%	20.8%	23.6%	24.7%	21.5%	18.2%	16.7%	14.8%	15.1%	14.9%	15.5%	17.6%	17.64%
CapEx/Depreciation	snapshot only															1.999
Accruals Ratio	-0.02	-0.06	-0.21	-0.24	-0.21	-0.16	-0.08	-0.03	-0.06	-0.10	-0.10	-0.12	-0.10	-0.10	-0.10	-0.099
Sloan Accruals	snapshot only															0.009
Cash Flow Adequacy	snapshot only															0.995
Earnings Quality Score	snapshot only															0.750

Dividends & Buybacks

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
Dividend Yield	2.9%	3.5%	5.9%	7.4%	5.8%	6.7%	7.6%	10.0%	11.3%	14.2%	16.8%	17.2%	11.1%	6.6%	4.0%	2.35%
Dividend/Share	$0.07	$0.09	$0.13	$0.15	$0.11	$0.10	$0.14	$0.20	$0.26	$0.31	$0.32	$0.32	$0.32	$0.32	$0.32	$0.16
Payout Ratio	34.1%	33.0%	88.5%	72.5%	80.9%	82.7%	34.9%	38.8%	45.0%	50.4%	50.1%	49.1%	47.5%	44.1%	40.6%	40.61%
FCF Payout Ratio	76.8%	46.5%	37.7%	40.5%	73.8%	—	—	—	—	1.3%	89.0%	65.6%	69.7%	70.4%	88.5%	88.53%
Total Payout Ratio	34.1%	33.0%	88.5%	72.5%	80.9%	82.7%	34.9%	39.3%	46.3%	51.6%	51.3%	49.9%	47.5%	44.1%	40.6%	40.61%
Div. Increase Streak	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0
Chowder Number	—	—	—	—	1.15	0.16	0.21	0.42	1.40	2.17	1.41	0.78	0.34	0.09	0.04	0.041
Buyback Yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.1%	0.3%	0.3%	0.4%	0.3%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
Net Buyback Yield	-27.3%	-21.0%	-26.7%	-28.1%	-2.9%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.2%	0.1%	0.1%	0.1%	-0.1%	0.0%	-3.5%	-3.54%
Total Shareholder Return	-24.4%	-17.5%	-20.8%	-20.7%	2.8%	6.7%	7.6%	10.1%	11.5%	14.3%	17.0%	17.3%	11.0%	6.6%	0.4%	0.43%

DuPont Factors

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT)	0.86	0.84	0.67	0.67	0.57	0.56	0.79	0.83	0.84	0.89	0.89	0.87	0.88	0.86	0.87	0.867
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT)	0.88	0.90	0.43	0.52	0.48	0.46	0.90	0.92	0.90	0.87	0.88	0.90	0.93	0.93	0.92	0.921
EBIT Margin	0.21	0.20	0.18	0.17	0.15	0.14	0.15	0.16	0.17	0.17	0.17	0.17	0.17	0.18	0.18	0.179
Asset Turnover	0.28	0.61	0.97	1.16	1.01	1.03	1.20	1.21	1.22	1.17	1.18	1.17	1.10	1.11	1.09	1.091
Equity Multiplier	1.79	1.49	1.44	1.41	1.62	1.55	1.58	1.60	1.61	1.66	1.69	1.75	1.71	1.69	1.65	1.650

Per Share

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
EPS (Diluted TTM)	$0.20	$0.27	$0.14	$0.21	$0.14	$0.12	$0.41	$0.51	$0.58	$0.62	$0.64	$0.65	$0.67	$0.73	$0.78	$0.78
Book Value/Share	$2.51	$1.98	$1.90	$2.13	$2.22	$2.31	$2.30	$2.33	$2.48	$2.59	$2.55	$2.50	$2.78	$2.97	$3.55	$3.61
Tangible Book/Share	$1.86	$1.51	$1.87	$2.10	$2.19	$2.29	$2.28	$1.95	$2.24	$2.35	$2.33	$2.29	$2.57	$2.76	$3.34	$3.34
Revenue/Share	$1.27	$1.80	$2.66	$3.49	$3.44	$3.56	$4.00	$4.32	$4.62	$4.75	$4.86	$4.92	$4.95	$5.18	$5.48	$2.99
FCF/Share	$0.09	$0.19	$0.33	$0.37	$0.15	$-0.17	$-0.32	$-0.30	$-0.04	$0.24	$0.36	$0.49	$0.46	$0.45	$0.36	$0.09
OCF/Share	$0.29	$0.45	$0.71	$0.94	$0.87	$0.67	$0.67	$0.63	$0.80	$1.04	$1.04	$1.18	$1.12	$1.18	$1.28	$0.69
Cash/Share	$0.87	$0.31	$0.31	$0.32	$0.21	$0.31	$0.40	$0.26	$0.32	$0.33	$0.24	$0.32	$0.35	$0.38	$0.66	$0.66
EBITDA/Share	$0.39	$0.54	$0.57	$0.78	$0.70	$0.68	$1.02	$1.13	$1.25	$1.30	$1.34	$1.33	$1.31	$1.38	$1.47	$1.47
Debt/Share	$1.35	$0.54	$0.48	$0.45	$0.50	$0.82	$1.00	$1.17	$1.19	$1.20	$1.13	$1.16	$1.25	$1.29	$1.32	$1.32
Net Debt/Share	$0.48	$0.22	$0.17	$0.13	$0.30	$0.51	$0.60	$0.91	$0.87	$0.86	$0.89	$0.84	$0.90	$0.91	$0.66	$0.66

Academic Models

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
Altman Z-Score	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	4.488
Altman Z-Prime	snapshot only															7.503
Piotroski F-Score	4	4	4	4	6	5	7	6	5	5	5	7	7	7	7	7
Beneish M-Score	—	—	—	—	-3.66	-3.06	-2.10	-1.76	-1.92	-2.29	-2.20	-2.95	-2.87	-2.68	-2.53	-2.529
Ohlson O-Score	snapshot only															-10.176
ROIC (Greenblatt)	snapshot only															23.46%
Net-Net WC	snapshot only															$0.17
EVA	snapshot only															$879751285.10

Credit

Metric	Q2'19	Q4'19	Q2'20	Q4'20	Q2'21	Q4'21	Q2'22	Q4'22	Q2'23	Q4'23	Q2'24	Q4'24	Q2'25	Q4'25	Q2'26	Current
Credit Rating	snapshot only															AA-
Credit Score	55.40	78.68	85.06	87.65	80.53	68.50	72.81	66.10	75.54	76.65	77.99	74.73	77.44	77.98	83.54	83.537
Credit Grade	snapshot only															4
Credit Trend	snapshot only															5.551
Implied Spread (bps)	snapshot only															100.000
Industry Credit Rank	snapshot only															70
Sector Credit Rank	snapshot only															77

1286.HK HKSE

Financial Rating

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Risk & Quality Signals

Valuation

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Profitability Trends

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Earnings Stability

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

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