— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice

2327.HK HKSE

Meilleure Health International Industry Group Limited
1W: -6.1% 1M: -9.8% 3M: -13.6% YTD: -9.2% 1Y: -14.8% 3Y: -15.8% 5Y: -42.5%
HK$0.21 ($0.03)
-0.00 (-1.39%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.9%
HK$0 HK$0 HK$0 HK$0 HK$0
HKSE · Industrials · Conglomerates · Tech Score Sell · Power 44 · HK$876.0M mcap · 1.37B float · 0.019% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B
Oct 05, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
2
ROA
4
D/E
2
P/E
3
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. 2327.HK receives an overall rating of B. Strongest factors: ROA (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), ROE (2/5), D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-09-08 None ADDED
2026-09-08 EXISTED None
2026-08-28 B- B
2026-07-29 None ADDED
2026-07-28 EXISTED None
2026-07-21 None ADDED
2026-07-20 EXISTED None
2026-06-30 None ADDED
2026-06-29 EXISTED None
2026-04-08 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 51 Grade C
Profitability
34
Balance Sheet
55
Earnings Quality
62
Growth
59
Value
92
Momentum
62
Safety
50
Cash Flow
45
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. 2327.HK scores highest in Value (92/100) and lowest in Profitability (34/100). A grade of C represents mixed fundamentals — strengths in some areas offset by weaknesses.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
1.96
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
1.89
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-9.30
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB-
Score: 53.9/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
25/100
OCF/NI: 0.46x
Accruals: 2.8%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. 2327.HK scores 1.96, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. 2327.HK scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. 2327.HK's score of 1.89 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. 2327.HK's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. 2327.HK receives an estimated rating of BBB- (score: 53.9/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). 2327.HK's score of 25/100 is low — reported earnings may not be fully supported by cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
17.46x
PEG
0.56x
P/S
4.86x
P/B
0.68x
P/FCF
31.70x
P/OCF
24.93x
EV/EBITDA
31.58x
EV/Revenue
5.93x
EV/EBIT
31.67x
EV/FCF
40.30x
Earnings Yield
8.74%
FCF Yield
3.15%
Shareholder Yield
4.81%
Graham Number
$0.40
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 17.5x earnings, 2327.HK trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 8.7% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $0.40 per share, suggesting a potential 86% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.909
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
2.394
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.187
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.129
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.368
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
7.2%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. 2327.HK's ROE of 7.2% is driven by a balanced combination of operating margin, asset efficiency, and leverage. A tax burden ratio of 0.91 indicates minimal tax leakage — the company retains over 90% of pre-tax earnings.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
14.09%
Fair P/E
36.69x
Intrinsic Value
$0.82
Price/Value
0.31x
Margin of Safety
68.80%
Premium
-68.80%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with 2327.HK's realized 14.1% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. 2327.HK trades at a -69% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $0.82, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 36.7x compares to the current market P/E of 17.5x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$0.22
Median 1Y
$0.15
5th Pctile
$0.06
95th Pctile
$0.38
Ann. Volatility
57.9%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 19.1% 21.2% 23.0% 21.3% 27.7% 18.2% 6.2% 6.3% 5.7% 5.0% 10.7% 8.5% 5.7% 4.0% 4.4% 4.4% 5.8% 5.8% 5.6% 7.2% 7.16%
ROA 10.8% 13.2% 16.2% 13.7% 17.2% 11.7% 4.3% 4.5% 4.2% 3.7% 8.3% 6.6% 4.6% 3.1% 3.4% 3.3% 4.3% 4.1% 4.0% 5.2% 5.24%
ROIC 2.9% 2.7% 1.3% 2.8% 6.4% 5.2% 4.8% 5.2% 4.8% 5.6% 7.3% 6.3% 4.8% 3.7% 3.8% 2.3% 1.8% 0.8% -0.7% -0.0% -0.00%
ROCE 3.8% 3.6% 1.8% 6.5% 12.3% 8.3% 9.4% 10.5% 9.3% 10.2% 12.1% 10.1% 8.1% 8.1% 6.5% 4.7% 5.5% 3.5% 2.0% 2.8% 2.77%
Gross Margin 27.8% 46.7% -7.1% 26.8% 55.6% 40.6% 22.0% 38.1% 45.8% 44.0% 34.7% 68.2% 41.1% 49.4% 75.5% 51.3% 65.5% 81.1% 44.4% 17.3% 17.29%
Operating Margin -2.4% 28.1% -3.8% 12.8% 40.6% 20.8% 3.1% 21.9% 23.6% 28.0% 12.3% 41.3% 10.1% 27.4% 34.7% -1.7% -9.4% 5.2% -55.7% 7.1% 7.06%
Net Margin 7.1% 55.5% 48.5% 29.5% 42.1% 37.8% -48.6% 31.9% 31.0% 30.6% 15.3% 16.3% 13.1% 24.3% 41.6% 28.2% 1.2% 86.8% 1.2% 17.2% 17.22%
EBITDA Margin 1.1% 28.7% -3.3% 13.2% 41.2% 21.4% 7.5% 22.3% 44.7% 28.3% 33.1% 42.4% 44.5% 29.5% 27.2% 0.9% 1.9% 8.6% -54.9% 7.1% 7.06%
FCF Margin -2.4% -1.9% -2.4% -1.7% -15.7% 9.1% 10.6% 16.7% 19.9% -3.2% -2.7% 17.8% -12.6% -17.1% -32.5% -17.1% 36.4% 1.0% 1.5% 14.7% 14.71%
OCF Margin -2.1% -1.8% -2.4% -1.7% -15.2% 8.4% 9.3% 16.0% 19.2% -2.9% -1.4% 19.5% -10.6% -14.8% -31.8% -14.4% 39.4% 1.1% 1.6% 18.7% 18.71%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 6.61%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 8.16%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 4.98%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 3.74%
ROIC Economic snapshot only -0.00%
Cash ROA snapshot only 2.32%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 2.62%
CROIC snapshot only 2.06%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only -0.01%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 44.83%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 29.15%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.02%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 23.97 12.25 9.75 10.49 8.32 15.46 27.87 20.46 30.61 28.92 12.78 11.67 14.15 19.41 16.65 13.96 16.02 16.96 15.28 11.45 17.460
P/S Ratio 8.16 5.71 8.25 5.54 4.47 7.46 3.62 2.81 3.87 3.55 3.55 2.90 2.97 3.36 3.92 3.68 6.52 9.73 12.35 4.66 4.858
P/B Ratio 2.94 1.51 1.64 1.67 1.64 2.15 1.34 1.03 1.38 1.31 1.29 0.96 0.84 0.84 0.78 0.65 0.98 0.98 0.86 0.79 0.685
P/FCF -3.34 -3.00 -3.42 -3.28 -28.47 81.76 34.15 16.78 19.45 -112.62 -130.05 16.26 -23.54 -19.62 -12.04 -21.52 17.94 9.54 8.29 31.70 31.702
P/OCF — — — — — 88.55 38.84 17.56 20.13 — — 14.90 — — — — 16.56 8.59 7.51 24.93 24.927
EV/EBITDA 42.64 31.37 71.90 40.06 18.64 31.67 17.27 11.60 14.92 12.73 9.83 8.58 8.87 10.76 13.13 17.37 18.99 27.49 47.45 31.58 31.578
EV/Revenue 8.12 6.20 9.83 6.00 4.66 7.32 3.37 2.56 3.62 3.30 3.14 3.12 3.07 3.90 4.68 5.00 8.04 12.47 16.49 5.93 5.930
EV/EBIT 52.85 35.49 85.30 22.20 10.99 19.32 11.40 7.78 12.23 10.55 8.24 8.63 8.97 10.14 12.24 16.04 17.47 28.30 48.90 31.67 31.672
EV/FCF -3.32 -3.26 -4.08 -3.56 -29.71 80.17 31.86 15.33 18.18 -104.75 -115.20 17.48 -24.36 -22.74 -14.39 -29.25 22.11 12.22 11.07 40.30 40.302
Earnings Yield 4.2% 8.2% 10.3% 9.5% 12.0% 6.5% 3.6% 4.9% 3.3% 3.5% 7.8% 8.6% 7.1% 5.2% 6.0% 7.2% 6.2% 5.9% 6.5% 8.7% 8.74%
FCF Yield -29.9% -33.4% -29.2% -30.5% -3.5% 1.2% 2.9% 6.0% 5.1% -0.9% -0.8% 6.1% -4.2% -5.1% -8.3% -4.6% 5.6% 10.5% 12.1% 3.2% 3.15%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.559
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 0.794
EV/OCF snapshot only 31.688
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 20.352
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 4.81%
Graham Number snapshot only $0.40
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 3.87 2.26 1.96 1.64 2.04 3.32 3.67 4.82 8.82 13.64 7.90 8.01 6.73 3.96 4.10 2.97 4.35 4.08 2.81 3.46 3.460
Quick Ratio 3.83 0.80 0.80 1.62 1.93 3.26 3.61 4.73 6.36 9.50 5.41 5.70 4.77 2.87 2.91 1.85 2.72 2.39 1.77 2.36 2.363
Debt/Equity 0.15 0.21 0.40 0.22 0.27 0.32 0.26 0.19 0.11 0.09 0.12 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.28 0.31 0.22 0.224
Net Debt/Equity -0.02 0.13 0.31 0.14 0.07 -0.04 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.15 0.07 0.03 0.13 0.15 0.23 0.23 0.28 0.29 0.22 0.215
Debt/Assets 0.09 0.13 0.25 0.14 0.17 0.21 0.19 0.15 0.09 0.08 0.10 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.20 0.21 0.16 0.163
Debt/EBITDA 2.12 3.94 14.71 4.89 2.94 4.85 3.62 2.39 1.28 0.99 1.03 1.56 1.93 2.06 3.34 4.70 3.98 6.22 12.58 7.00 6.999
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.25 2.48 11.56 3.09 0.78 -0.63 -1.24 -1.09 -1.04 -0.96 -1.27 0.60 0.30 1.48 2.15 4.59 3.58 6.04 11.91 6.74 6.738
Interest Coverage 5.31 7.95 4.36 10.55 17.46 9.37 5.82 5.63 4.92 5.96 8.95 8.07 6.43 5.54 4.17 2.77 3.82 2.61 1.50 2.33 2.330
Equity Multiplier 1.67 1.53 1.57 1.60 1.59 1.57 1.36 1.29 1.22 1.18 1.22 1.28 1.29 1.38 1.35 1.37 1.39 1.43 1.45 1.37 1.370
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.038
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 2.336
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.037
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.112
Defensive Interval snapshot only 188.4 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.32 0.28 0.19 0.26 0.32 0.24 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.30 0.30 0.27 0.22 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.11 0.07 0.05 0.13 0.129
Inventory Turnover 60.26 0.95 0.81 44.01 11.19 1.71 2.47 23.83 2.13 2.19 2.11 1.75 0.77 0.60 0.38 0.38 0.28 0.13 0.11 0.54 0.544
Receivables Turnover 16.01 6.88 5.87 3.18 4.81 5.53 6.44 4.21 5.65 5.35 5.28 4.74 4.53 3.66 2.58 2.86 2.80 3.60 1.48 5.36 5.358
Payables Turnover 208.55 165.69 54.05 17.81 82.81 32.94 238.89 36.28 121.83 56.30 406.09 454.89 238.23 310.01 1950.41 2853.36 2754.15 87.15 263.16 16540.11 16540.105
DSO 23 53 62 115 76 66 57 87 65 68 69 77 81 100 141 128 130 101 246 68 68.1 days
DIO 6 383 450 8 33 214 148 15 171 166 173 208 476 608 950 972 1314 2734 3281 671 670.5 days
DPO 2 2 7 20 4 11 2 10 3 6 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 4 1 0 0.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 27 433 505 103 104 269 203 92 233 228 241 284 555 707 1091 1099 1444 2831 3526 739 738.6 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 83.420
Operating Cycle snapshot only 738.6 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 20.427
Capital Intensity snapshot only 8.055
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 1.7% 1.9% 1.0% 1.3% 1.4% 1.1% 2.4% 1.0% 67.1% 56.6% 11.4% -3.8% -25.4% -42.4% -51.9% -52.3% -51.7% -60.0% -65.0% 3.3% 3.31%
Net Income -3.7% 1.8% 10.8% 1.9% 2.8% 1.2% -47.3% -47.0% -60.6% -60.2% 1.4% 74.5% 23.5% -18.7% -59.2% -49.4% -6.2% 32.4% 20.1% 59.7% 59.74%
EPS -43.4% 82.6% 5.7% 1.0% 1.9% 66.0% -56.4% -54.8% -64.6% -62.3% 1.4% 80.6% 28.9% -14.7% -58.3% -49.0% -5.6% 33.3% 21.1% 61.2% 61.19%
FCF -7.3% -102.5% -6.8% -8.6% 84.5% 1.1% 1.2% 1.2% 3.1% -1.5% -1.3% 2.7% -1.5% -2.1% -4.7% -1.5% 2.4% 3.4% 2.6% 1.9% 1.89%
EBITDA 11.4% 37.6% -27.9% 36.0% 2.2% 1.4% 3.9% 2.0% 62.2% 75.9% 82.2% 58.2% 6.3% -19.6% -46.3% -62.2% -40.9% -49.9% -65.9% -32.6% -32.61%
Op. Income -20.6% 39.7% -16.8% 79.8% 3.7% 1.9% 4.4% 2.0% 19.3% 35.9% 35.9% 15.6% -1.5% -35.9% -36.9% -60.0% -56.8% -73.9% -1.2% -1.0% -1.00%
OCF Growth snapshot only 2.34%
Asset Growth snapshot only 7.28%
Equity Growth snapshot only 6.88%
Debt Growth snapshot only 0.45%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.90%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -40.09%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y -51.9% -44.6% -45.0% -27.3% -7.6% 3.2% 24.8% 48.7% 1.2% 1.1% 98.4% 65.3% 44.5% 23.5% 22.6% -2.1% -15.6% -28.8% -42.8% -22.0% -21.99%
Revenue 5Y -18.8% -14.8% -18.5% -12.7% -10.6% -12.3% -10.0% -13.2% -14.7% -11.1% -8.6% -5.5% -0.3% -0.2% 0.8% 8.6% 32.0% 17.1% 5.6% 17.4% 17.38%
EPS 3Y -40.6% -42.6% -44.3% -44.0% -39.7% -32.1% -39.9% -30.7% -16.3% 4.6% 92.4% 17.9% 10.1% -18.8% -23.8% -25.3% -24.5% -24.6% 7.1% 14.1% 14.09%
EPS 5Y -32.2% -24.2% -19.3% -23.6% -4.0% -7.2% -26.2% -25.8% -26.3% -34.7% -28.7% -32.2% -36.9% -36.8% -26.2% -21.0% -6.5% 5.4% 29.1% 6.1% 6.14%
Net Income 3Y -28.7% -29.7% -29.0% -27.9% -21.0% -9.2% -18.7% -6.4% 13.1% 34.7% 1.5% 39.6% 22.9% -11.2% -20.0% -22.4% -23.0% -24.6% 5.3% 12.1% 12.14%
Net Income 5Y -4.3% 8.2% 18.0% 12.3% 13.5% 11.0% -11.2% -10.7% -11.4% -21.4% -14.8% -19.1% -24.9% -24.7% -12.2% -6.2% 10.9% 21.3% 48.6% 17.1% 17.09%
EBITDA 3Y -43.9% -33.1% -39.1% -24.5% -1.1% 5.7% 17.7% 39.0% 79.1% 80.7% 86.2% 86.4% 76.3% 51.1% 68.7% 21.7% 0.6% -10.9% -30.7% -26.1% -26.12%
EBITDA 5Y -23.2% -17.3% -25.1% -20.0% -10.6% -12.7% -12.7% -8.0% -1.8% 5.1% 15.1% 15.4% 10.8% 10.8% 9.8% 10.0% 29.2% 18.9% 3.4% 10.5% 10.54%
Gross Profit 3Y -61.2% -49.2% -50.0% -30.7% 11.5% 26.4% 55.3% 84.4% 1.4% 1.3% 1.3% 1.1% 80.6% 38.4% 52.2% 19.2% -2.6% -13.0% -31.7% -28.6% -28.63%
Gross Profit 5Y -29.8% -20.5% -24.8% -19.8% -13.8% -15.6% -14.5% -15.9% -17.8% -13.2% -8.4% -0.1% 15.0% 17.6% 27.4% 32.6% 51.5% 39.7% 23.1% 22.7% 22.74%
Op. Income 3Y -55.1% -43.1% -49.2% -29.2% 6.6% 10.1% 15.4% 37.5% 64.5% 75.7% 82.3% 84.3% 76.7% 35.5% 66.2% 11.7% -20.2% -39.0% — — —
Op. Income 5Y -26.4% -16.5% -23.6% -17.4% -7.2% -9.6% -10.8% -9.6% -12.6% -6.5% -0.9% 4.4% 7.3% 3.0% 5.7% 3.8% 13.6% -1.9% — — —
FCF 3Y — — — — — -48.9% -28.1% -4.7% 27.7% — — — — — — — — 59.1% 38.1% -25.3% -25.25%
FCF 5Y — — — — — -9.1% 3.3% 19.1% 33.7% — — -23.1% — — — — 6.5% 1.1% — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — -53.9% -36.7% -12.8% 20.9% — — 2.5% — — — — — 69.3% 49.0% -17.8% -17.78%
OCF 5Y — — — — — -17.2% -10.0% -0.5% 3.9% — — -25.5% — — — — 5.4% 36.9% 1.1% 81.8% 81.77%
Assets 3Y -4.1% 8.6% 13.3% 10.4% 12.7% 25.8% 22.5% 99.7% 1.0% 1.0% 73.0% 46.1% 43.9% 21.4% 16.5% 11.0% 8.8% -2.0% 1.9% 2.6% 2.61%
Assets 5Y 10.8% 22.7% 25.9% 27.1% 28.7% 29.7% 27.6% 20.5% 21.2% 18.2% 18.7% 13.8% 13.6% 12.6% 12.7% 51.7% 51.5% 53.0% 40.2% 26.4% 26.37%
Equity 3Y 0.6% 16.9% 20.9% 7.7% 10.4% 25.0% 27.7% 1.4% 1.4% 1.5% 65.5% 52.8% 56.9% 25.6% 22.5% 17.1% 13.7% 1.0% -0.3% 0.7% 0.67%
Book Value 3Y -16.2% -4.5% -5.1% -16.3% -15.7% -6.4% -5.6% 75.9% 80.1% 90.7% 29.7% 29.0% 40.6% 14.8% 16.6% 12.7% 11.5% 1.1% 1.4% 2.4% 2.43%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -14.5% -14.5% -14.48%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.20 0.23 0.32 0.44 0.41 0.42 0.28 0.29 0.26 0.17 0.07 0.01 0.09 0.14 0.15 0.21 0.18 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.022
Earnings Stability 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.24 0.21 0.14 0.32 0.22 0.28 0.26 0.20 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.06 0.03 0.028
Margin Stability 0.64 0.69 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.71 0.68 0.67 0.76 0.85 0.83 0.75 0.69 0.73 0.60 0.65 0.73 0.65 0.68 0.67 0.675
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.99 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.81 0.81 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.91 0.93 0.50 0.80 0.98 0.87 0.92 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.96 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.27 0.38 0.39 0.13 0.14 0.18 0.46 0.79 0.79 0.16 0.34 0.94 0.72 0.82 0.54 0.540
ROE Trend -0.37 -0.20 0.06 -0.30 -0.09 -0.06 -0.05 -0.08 -0.11 -0.09 -0.01 -0.02 -0.06 -0.05 -0.03 -0.02 0.01 0.01 -0.02 0.00 0.005
Gross Margin Trend -0.03 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.12 0.07 0.06 0.11 0.06 0.02 0.08 0.12 0.07 0.09 0.20 0.12 0.19 0.27 0.10 -0.21 -0.208
FCF Margin Trend -3.41 -2.31 -2.37 -1.80 0.53 1.02 1.63 1.21 1.50 0.87 1.13 0.94 -0.15 -0.20 -0.36 -0.34 0.33 1.12 1.67 0.14 0.143
Sustainable Growth Rate 19.1% 21.2% 18.9% 17.7% 24.2% 16.0% 6.2% 6.3% 5.7% 5.0% 10.7% 8.5% 5.7% 4.0% -0.5% -0.7% -0.7% -0.9% 2.5% 4.1% 4.08%
Internal Growth Rate 12.1% 15.1% 15.4% 12.8% 17.7% 11.4% 4.5% 4.7% 4.4% 3.8% 9.1% 7.1% 4.8% 3.2% — — — — 1.8% 3.1% 3.07%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income -6.19 -3.83 -2.83 -3.18 -0.28 0.17 0.72 1.17 1.52 -0.24 -0.05 0.78 -0.50 -0.85 -1.35 -0.55 0.97 1.98 2.03 0.46 0.459
FCF/OCF 1.16 1.07 1.01 1.00 1.03 1.08 1.14 1.05 1.03 1.07 1.95 0.92 1.19 1.16 1.02 1.19 0.92 0.90 0.91 0.79 0.786
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.361
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.997
CapEx/Revenue 33.4% 12.2% 1.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.7% 1.3% 0.7% 0.7% 0.2% 1.3% 1.6% 2.0% 2.4% 0.8% 0.6% 0.5% 1.0% 0.8% 0.3% 0.30%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 5.411
Accruals Ratio 0.77 0.63 0.62 0.57 0.22 0.10 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 0.05 0.09 0.01 0.07 0.06 0.08 0.05 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 0.03 0.028
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.138
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.049
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.250
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.0% 0.0% 1.8% 1.6% 1.5% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.7% 8.3% 7.0% 6.9% 3.6% 3.8% 2.50%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01
Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 17.7% 16.8% 12.6% 12.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 1.2% 1.1% 1.2% 55.2% 43.0% 43.05%
FCF Payout Ratio — — — — — 65.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — — 0.0% — — — — 1.3% 65.5% 29.9% 1.2% 1.19%
Total Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 17.7% 16.8% 12.6% 12.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 28.3% 67.9% 99.4% 1.5% 1.8% 1.2% 1.1% 1.3% 67.8% 55.1% 55.12%
Div. Increase Streak — — 0 0 0 0 — — — — — — — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -0.37 -0.37 -0.369
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.2% 5.8% 7.0% 7.5% 3.8% 0.3% 0.0% 0.8% 0.8% 1.1% 1.05%
Net Buyback Yield -23.5% -14.2% -2.4% -2.2% -8.2% -7.5% -11.4% -12.5% -4.2% 0.0% 2.2% 5.8% 7.0% 7.5% 3.8% 0.3% 0.0% 0.8% 0.8% 1.1% 1.05%
Total Shareholder Return -23.5% -14.2% -0.6% -0.6% -6.7% -6.7% -11.4% -12.5% -4.2% 0.0% 2.2% 5.8% 7.0% 7.5% 10.5% 8.6% 7.0% 7.6% 4.4% 4.8% 4.81%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.61 0.68 0.75 0.74 0.76 0.80 0.49 0.49 0.51 0.46 0.70 0.65 0.57 0.55 0.61 0.70 0.72 0.74 0.91 0.91 0.909
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 3.64 3.90 9.84 2.62 1.66 1.59 0.89 0.84 0.84 0.86 1.04 1.06 1.07 0.82 1.01 1.21 1.24 1.75 2.63 2.39 2.394
EBIT Margin 0.15 0.17 0.12 0.27 0.42 0.38 0.30 0.33 0.30 0.31 0.38 0.36 0.34 0.38 0.38 0.31 0.46 0.44 0.34 0.19 0.187
Asset Turnover 0.32 0.28 0.19 0.26 0.32 0.24 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.30 0.30 0.27 0.22 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.11 0.07 0.05 0.13 0.129
Equity Multiplier 1.78 1.61 1.41 1.56 1.61 1.56 1.44 1.41 1.35 1.36 1.28 1.29 1.25 1.27 1.28 1.32 1.34 1.41 1.40 1.37 1.368
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.01 $0.02 $0.03 $0.03 $0.04 $0.04 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.02 $0.03 $0.03 $0.02 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02
Book Value/Share $0.12 $0.20 $0.19 $0.21 $0.21 $0.29 $0.29 $0.30 $0.33 $0.34 $0.34 $0.33 $0.32 $0.30 $0.31 $0.30 $0.30 $0.30 $0.31 $0.32 $0.32
Tangible Book/Share $0.09 $0.17 $0.17 $0.19 $0.20 $0.26 $0.29 $0.29 $0.32 $0.33 $0.34 $0.32 $0.32 $0.29 $0.30 $0.29 $0.30 $0.30 $0.31 $0.32 $0.32
Revenue/Share $0.04 $0.05 $0.04 $0.06 $0.08 $0.08 $0.11 $0.11 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.11 $0.09 $0.07 $0.06 $0.05 $0.04 $0.03 $0.02 $0.05 $0.05
FCF/Share $-0.10 $-0.10 $-0.09 $-0.11 $-0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.02 $0.02 $-0.00 $-0.00 $0.02 $-0.01 $-0.01 $-0.02 $-0.01 $0.02 $0.03 $0.03 $0.01 $-0.01
OCF/Share $-0.09 $-0.09 $-0.09 $-0.11 $-0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.02 $0.02 $-0.00 $-0.00 $0.02 $-0.01 $-0.01 $-0.02 $-0.01 $0.02 $0.03 $0.04 $0.01 $-0.01
Cash/Share $0.02 $0.01 $0.02 $0.02 $0.04 $0.11 $0.10 $0.08 $0.07 $0.06 $0.09 $0.04 $0.05 $0.02 $0.03 $0.00 $0.01 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
EBITDA/Share $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.03 $0.03 $0.04 $0.04 $0.03 $0.03 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01
Debt/Share $0.02 $0.04 $0.08 $0.05 $0.06 $0.09 $0.08 $0.06 $0.04 $0.03 $0.04 $0.06 $0.06 $0.06 $0.07 $0.07 $0.07 $0.09 $0.09 $0.07 $0.07
Net Debt/Share $-0.00 $0.03 $0.06 $0.03 $0.02 $-0.01 $-0.03 $-0.03 $-0.03 $-0.03 $-0.05 $0.02 $0.01 $0.04 $0.05 $0.07 $0.07 $0.08 $0.09 $0.07 $0.07
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.957
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 4.983
Piotroski F-Score 4 6 3 5 4 5 6 6 6 5 7 7 3 3 3 2 4 7 5 6 6
Beneish M-Score 5.36 1.61 33.01 1.30 1.44 1.01 107.04 -2.17 -0.99 -1.96 -2.48 -0.20 -3.01 -0.60 -1.86 -3.30 -3.62 -4.63 -3.61 1.89 1.893
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -9.297
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 5.89%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $0.12
EVA snapshot only $-158417895.44
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB-
Credit Score 73.10 75.06 43.86 61.00 72.52 75.26 75.80 81.50 84.96 82.97 83.94 84.98 75.28 63.75 57.24 51.03 62.64 57.16 45.09 53.94 53.940
Credit Grade snapshot only 10
Credit Trend snapshot only 2.909
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 350.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 54
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 39

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