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Not Investment Advice

2492.TW TAI

Walsin Technology Corporation
1W: +18.1% 1M: +23.4% 3M: -34.8% YTD: +192.7% 1Y: +346.3% 3Y: +313.9% 5Y: +91.6%
NT$361.50 ($11.37)
+32.50 (+9.88%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±10.8%
NT$284 NT$323 NT$362 NT$400 NT$439
TAI · Technology · Hardware, Equipment & Parts · Tech Score Strong Buy · Power 66 · NT$175.3B mcap · 381M float · 4.86% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
2
ROE
3
ROA
3
D/E
2
P/E
1
P/B
2
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. 2492.TW receives an overall rating of C+. Areas of concern: DCF (2/5), D/E (2/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B- C+
2026-08-17 C+ B-
2026-08-14 D+ C+
2026-08-11 C- D+
2026-08-10 D+ C-
2026-08-03 B D+
2026-05-12 B+ B
2026-05-11 C B+
2026-05-04 B C
2026-04-30 B- B

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 64 Grade A
Profitability
34
Balance Sheet
75
Earnings Quality
70
Growth
63
Value
35
Momentum
90
Safety
100
Cash Flow
68
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. 2492.TW scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Profitability (34/100). An overall grade of A places 2492.TW among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
5.52
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.38
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-10.36
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A+
Score: 76.2/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.60x
Accruals: -2.4%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. 2492.TW scores 5.52, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. 2492.TW scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. 2492.TW's score of -2.38 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. 2492.TW's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. 2492.TW receives an estimated rating of A+ (score: 76.2/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). 2492.TW's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
40.62x
PEG
0.27x
P/S
4.49x
P/B
3.02x
P/FCF
54.34x
P/OCF
45.06x
EV/EBITDA
43.12x
EV/Revenue
8.33x
EV/EBIT
68.50x
EV/FCF
56.58x
Earnings Yield
1.38%
FCF Yield
1.84%
Shareholder Yield
0.37%
Graham Number
$144.74
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 40.6x earnings, 2492.TW is priced for high growth expectations. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $144.74 per share, 150% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.644
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.414
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.122
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.362
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.956
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
7.8%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. 2492.TW's ROE of 7.8% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.362), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$299.54
Price/Value
1.88x
Margin of Safety
-87.63%
Premium
87.63%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with 2492.TW's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. 2492.TW actually compounded EPS at 41.0% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. 2492.TW trades at a 88% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $299.54, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 40.6x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$361.50
Median 1Y
$358.58
5th Pctile
$149.57
95th Pctile
$856.89
Ann. Volatility
49.1%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 22.3% 19.1% 15.6% 12.5% 7.6% 4.0% 2.9% 3.2% 3.8% 4.7% 5.0% 5.3% 3.9% 6.3% 6.0% 3.7% 4.9% 4.6% 4.9% 7.8% 7.83%
ROA 10.2% 9.0% 7.6% 5.7% 3.6% 1.9% 1.4% 1.5% 1.8% 2.3% 2.5% 2.6% 1.9% 3.1% 3.0% 1.8% 2.3% 2.3% 2.5% 4.0% 4.01%
ROIC 16.9% 14.9% 14.3% 12.0% 8.6% 5.5% 3.4% 3.7% 4.7% 5.7% 4.9% 3.8% 2.4% 2.5% 2.8% 2.8% 2.3% 2.4% 2.6% 2.9% 2.92%
ROCE 17.3% 15.0% 13.0% 11.0% 7.6% 5.2% 4.2% 4.2% 4.6% 5.6% 6.9% 7.0% 5.8% 7.1% 6.7% 4.9% 5.3% 3.7% 4.2% 4.9% 4.93%
Gross Margin 32.3% 21.4% 20.9% 21.8% 14.2% 12.7% 13.4% 17.3% 19.3% 19.5% 16.2% 18.2% 20.2% 17.0% 17.2% 17.0% 15.8% 18.3% 18.3% 20.3% 20.29%
Operating Margin 22.9% 12.9% 14.6% 16.4% 14.8% -3.1% 5.3% 15.1% 19.6% 8.7% 5.0% 6.6% 9.0% 4.1% 5.5% 5.8% 5.4% 6.4% 7.5% 10.3% 10.27%
Net Margin 24.5% 10.5% 8.9% 7.7% 8.9% -7.6% 5.2% 10.2% 12.2% -2.4% 7.6% 11.2% 4.8% 11.0% 6.7% -2.2% 11.2% 9.9% 8.6% 13.9% 13.90%
EBITDA Margin 42.9% 28.2% 26.4% 27.9% 27.4% 15.9% 22.5% 28.7% 30.9% 20.9% 34.0% 32.3% 21.0% 33.1% 26.3% 10.4% 26.2% 6.4% 26.1% 17.8% 17.82%
FCF Margin 6.0% 2.7% 2.3% 1.1% 6.0% 11.8% 15.0% 20.7% 19.2% 20.0% 17.7% 17.0% 15.1% 14.8% 16.2% 13.0% 16.8% 16.2% 14.9% 14.7% 14.72%
OCF Margin 29.6% 27.0% 25.0% 23.4% 23.4% 25.3% 27.8% 30.6% 27.6% 27.2% 24.1% 22.0% 19.7% 18.5% 19.1% 16.0% 19.6% 19.2% 17.8% 17.7% 17.75%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 5.18%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 6.15%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 2.64%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 2.86%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 2.50%
Cash ROA snapshot only 5.78%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 8.73%
CROIC snapshot only 7.24%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 5.93%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 17.19%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 2.56%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 8.14%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 7.89 9.02 9.32 7.50 10.35 19.95 34.34 31.92 28.55 26.81 23.51 22.18 27.19 14.59 13.81 22.19 21.59 32.12 26.99 72.24 40.618
P/S Ratio 1.58 1.70 1.54 1.00 0.93 1.01 1.36 1.41 1.54 1.73 1.65 1.63 1.48 1.25 1.15 1.07 1.41 2.02 1.83 8.00 4.492
P/B Ratio 1.62 1.61 1.38 0.91 0.77 0.80 1.01 1.00 1.05 1.22 1.13 1.13 1.04 0.89 0.83 0.88 1.07 1.42 1.28 4.70 3.021
P/FCF 26.24 62.35 67.47 94.45 15.47 8.54 9.08 6.83 8.01 8.67 9.32 9.61 9.76 8.48 7.10 8.24 8.35 12.48 12.34 54.34 54.339
P/OCF 5.33 6.29 6.17 4.25 3.96 3.98 4.90 4.62 5.57 6.36 6.85 7.41 7.48 6.78 6.04 6.69 7.18 10.57 10.28 45.06 45.063
EV/EBITDA 4.49 5.00 4.65 3.39 3.86 4.42 6.47 6.45 6.59 7.55 6.72 6.77 7.69 6.04 5.98 7.34 8.34 14.50 12.77 43.12 43.125
EV/Revenue 1.68 1.82 1.59 1.08 1.06 1.10 1.54 1.54 1.64 1.95 1.93 2.00 2.07 1.80 1.67 1.63 1.97 2.51 2.23 8.33 8.326
EV/EBIT 6.13 7.05 6.90 5.43 7.17 10.19 17.15 18.02 16.18 16.51 13.25 13.01 16.88 11.67 11.89 18.11 17.81 30.41 23.82 68.50 68.501
EV/FCF 27.96 66.67 69.53 102.01 17.65 9.31 10.27 7.42 8.51 9.77 10.88 11.81 13.69 12.20 10.30 12.58 11.72 15.50 15.01 56.58 56.578
Earnings Yield 12.7% 11.1% 10.7% 13.3% 9.7% 5.0% 2.9% 3.1% 3.5% 3.7% 4.3% 4.5% 3.7% 6.9% 7.2% 4.5% 4.6% 3.1% 3.7% 1.4% 1.38%
FCF Yield 3.8% 1.6% 1.5% 1.1% 6.5% 11.7% 11.0% 14.6% 12.5% 11.5% 10.7% 10.4% 10.2% 11.8% 14.1% 12.1% 12.0% 8.0% 8.1% 1.8% 1.84%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.275
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 4.721
EV/OCF snapshot only 46.920
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 45.596
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 110.220
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 0.37%
Graham Number snapshot only $144.74
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.77 1.91 2.09 2.00 2.01 2.19 1.95 1.45 1.70 1.49 1.37 1.41 1.13 1.31 1.25 1.03 1.30 1.50 1.56 1.58 1.577
Quick Ratio 1.41 1.46 1.62 1.54 1.58 1.78 1.58 1.20 1.43 1.22 1.10 1.11 0.84 0.97 0.93 0.78 0.99 1.11 1.16 1.18 1.180
Debt/Equity 0.59 0.54 0.51 0.53 0.59 0.61 0.58 0.62 0.59 0.59 0.57 0.58 0.65 0.63 0.63 0.71 0.67 0.58 0.54 0.40 0.404
Net Debt/Equity 0.11 0.11 0.04 0.07 0.11 0.07 0.13 0.09 0.07 0.15 0.19 0.26 0.42 0.39 0.37 0.46 0.43 0.34 0.28 0.19 0.194
Debt/Assets 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.29 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.33 0.32 0.29 0.28 0.22 0.224
Debt/EBITDA 1.54 1.58 1.65 1.85 2.63 3.06 3.32 3.67 3.51 3.22 2.89 2.86 3.42 2.95 3.14 3.90 3.74 4.82 4.47 3.57 3.567
Net Debt/EBITDA 0.28 0.32 0.14 0.25 0.48 0.36 0.75 0.51 0.39 0.85 0.97 1.26 2.21 1.85 1.86 2.53 2.39 2.83 2.27 1.71 1.707
Interest Coverage 57.27 52.12 45.47 36.62 23.71 14.40 9.84 7.90 8.63 9.88 12.14 12.72 9.71 11.54 9.85 6.07 7.29 5.45 6.35 8.82 8.815
Equity Multiplier 2.20 2.12 2.04 2.13 2.08 2.07 2.03 2.09 2.03 2.03 2.00 2.04 2.06 2.04 2.04 2.19 2.10 2.01 1.97 1.80 1.804
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.590
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 14.003
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.521
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.214
Defensive Interval snapshot only 2411.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.51 0.48 0.46 0.43 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.362
Inventory Turnover 4.14 3.78 3.67 3.49 3.34 3.30 3.29 3.20 3.38 3.65 3.78 3.80 3.80 3.79 3.74 3.98 3.89 3.60 3.50 3.79 3.790
Receivables Turnover 3.73 3.81 3.66 3.29 3.29 3.47 3.30 3.04 3.10 3.60 3.49 3.52 3.37 3.75 3.59 3.63 3.43 3.56 3.57 3.46 3.461
Payables Turnover 6.05 6.79 6.72 6.25 7.15 8.19 7.34 6.66 8.26 8.78 7.54 7.02 6.97 7.33 6.90 6.92 6.52 6.50 6.24 6.23 6.232
DSO 98 96 100 111 111 105 111 120 118 101 105 104 108 97 102 101 106 102 102 105 105.5 days
DIO 88 97 100 105 109 111 111 114 108 100 97 96 96 96 98 92 94 101 104 96 96.3 days
DPO 60 54 54 58 51 45 50 55 44 42 48 52 52 50 53 53 56 56 58 59 58.6 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 126 138 145 157 169 171 172 179 181 160 153 148 152 144 146 139 144 148 148 143 143.2 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 2.215
Operating Cycle snapshot only 201.8 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 2.785
Capital Intensity snapshot only 3.072
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 34.2% 18.3% 4.0% -7.2% -14.8% -16.2% -19.2% -19.6% -12.4% -7.1% -0.8% 6.3% 6.9% 6.0% 6.7% 6.6% 4.7% 4.9% 5.4% 8.4% 8.36%
Net Income 41.7% 19.6% -14.1% -37.2% -61.8% -77.5% -80.6% -73.2% -47.4% 18.9% 75.4% 76.5% 7.6% 40.7% 26.8% -30.1% 25.6% -22.9% -14.2% 1.5% 1.49%
EPS 39.8% 19.9% -14.1% -36.3% -61.0% -77.5% -80.6% -73.7% -48.8% 18.9% 75.2% 82.7% 12.6% 40.7% 32.7% -29.9% 25.6% -40.8% -28.7% 1.2% 1.19%
FCF -44.4% -82.1% -86.4% -89.6% -15.1% 2.6% 4.3% 14.8% 1.8% 57.4% 17.0% -12.9% -15.8% -21.7% -2.2% -18.5% 16.5% 15.3% -3.5% 22.8% 22.85%
EBITDA 41.1% 20.4% -4.3% -19.9% -37.6% -42.8% -43.6% -39.6% -20.9% -3.1% 19.4% 32.3% 16.1% 22.2% 4.1% -20.0% -8.2% -39.0% -34.2% -6.0% -6.00%
Op. Income 35.8% 10.6% -10.9% -31.1% -43.7% -54.0% -62.5% -60.6% -42.3% 0.8% 34.1% 28.3% -18.8% -46.3% -44.2% -34.4% -25.5% -3.5% 3.5% 32.3% 32.29%
OCF Growth snapshot only 20.18%
Asset Growth snapshot only 25.09%
Equity Growth snapshot only 51.56%
Debt Growth snapshot only -13.94%
Shares Change snapshot only 13.67%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -1.79%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 0.9% -4.1% -5.8% -4.9% 1.6% 5.4% 5.8% 3.0% 0.0% -2.7% -5.9% -7.4% -7.3% -6.2% -5.1% -3.0% -0.7% 1.1% 3.7% 7.1% 7.08%
Revenue 5Y 19.2% 17.9% 16.9% 15.3% 12.5% 10.3% 7.2% 1.2% -5.2% -7.2% -7.7% -5.9% -0.4% 2.9% 4.6% 4.3% 2.3% 0.5% -1.3% -1.7% -1.74%
EPS 3Y -19.2% -26.2% -31.9% -34.0% -32.1% -35.6% -36.7% -37.3% -34.6% -31.6% -33.7% -32.6% -39.2% -27.8% -23.3% -30.5% -10.2% -0.3% 18.4% 41.0% 41.01%
EPS 5Y 38.0% 31.6% 26.4% 21.1% 8.6% -6.4% -18.5% -29.0% -36.2% -36.0% -36.0% -32.7% -29.0% -14.9% -10.0% -20.6% -17.0% -23.2% -22.7% -14.0% -14.04%
Net Income 3Y -18.1% -26.2% -30.9% -33.4% -31.7% -35.5% -35.7% -36.3% -34.2% -31.6% -33.6% -33.3% -40.0% -27.8% -24.4% -30.9% -10.8% 8.9% 24.1% 45.3% 45.31%
Net Income 5Y 35.3% 29.8% 25.9% 20.2% 7.7% -7.3% -17.7% -28.3% -35.6% -36.0% -35.4% -32.6% -29.0% -14.8% -10.0% -20.5% -17.4% -19.1% -20.4% -12.4% -12.36%
EBITDA 3Y -9.1% -17.2% -21.0% -21.0% -14.8% -9.3% -6.8% -9.2% -11.3% -12.6% -13.6% -13.8% -16.9% -12.2% -11.2% -13.9% -5.5% -10.3% -6.5% -0.1% -0.15%
EBITDA 5Y 37.0% 33.7% 31.4% 27.7% 20.0% 13.8% 6.4% -7.2% -18.0% -20.6% -19.8% -17.0% -10.7% -2.5% 0.2% -4.5% -5.8% -13.0% -15.1% -13.6% -13.61%
Gross Profit 3Y -16.4% -24.3% -27.4% -28.6% -22.8% -15.3% -14.4% -18.7% -20.1% -20.2% -22.0% -23.2% -22.3% -20.6% -17.5% -12.6% -6.1% -0.5% 6.7% 15.8% 15.81%
Gross Profit 5Y 27.4% 23.4% 20.7% 16.0% 7.8% 2.3% -5.2% -17.7% -26.2% -27.6% -27.5% -25.2% -16.5% -9.6% -5.4% -5.5% -9.6% -11.2% -12.6% -12.2% -12.20%
Op. Income 3Y -21.6% -29.7% -32.5% -33.6% -24.9% -19.4% -20.3% -23.7% -23.9% -19.9% -23.5% -29.6% -35.9% -37.1% -34.5% -30.8% -29.6% -19.4% -8.2% 3.6% 3.65%
Op. Income 5Y 36.3% 30.7% 28.0% 22.6% 14.4% 4.1% -7.7% -22.4% -31.0% -30.6% -31.2% -31.7% -27.6% -22.3% -17.6% -17.8% -23.2% -23.3% -23.7% -21.3% -21.27%
FCF 3Y -7.0% -51.9% -60.8% -69.3% -43.7% -5.0% — 7.6% 9.8% 0.8% -5.4% 12.8% 26.0% 64.8% 82.6% 1.2% 40.1% 12.4% 3.4% -4.4% -4.45%
FCF 5Y 17.3% -3.7% -14.6% -26.8% 10.0% 62.4% — — 13.9% -8.7% -17.8% -16.8% -15.9% 1.1% — -2.4% 5.3% -1.5% -4.4% 7.5% 7.49%
OCF 3Y 16.7% -11.5% -23.0% -25.0% -24.5% -12.0% 7.8% -5.7% -5.2% -9.6% -16.4% -15.3% -19.0% -17.4% -13.2% -14.6% -6.5% -7.9% -10.6% -10.7% -10.68%
OCF 5Y 39.7% 32.7% 24.9% 22.2% 23.1% 29.6% 32.3% 29.3% 2.0% -11.5% -18.8% -19.5% -19.4% -13.3% -1.9% -13.0% -7.6% -10.4% -13.4% -10.8% -10.77%
Assets 3Y 14.9% 14.1% 14.4% 14.6% 16.7% 15.1% 15.0% 8.4% 7.8% 4.8% 4.4% 3.3% 3.0% 1.8% 2.2% 1.2% 2.4% 4.4% 4.7% 8.4% 8.40%
Assets 5Y 26.6% 26.7% 26.7% 25.2% 23.4% 21.2% 19.1% 12.6% 9.5% 8.3% 9.1% 10.2% 11.6% 10.5% 10.8% 5.3% 5.4% 4.9% 4.3% 5.8% 5.79%
Equity 3Y 11.0% 8.6% 6.1% 11.4% 11.4% 9.4% 11.3% 11.4% 10.2% 6.4% 5.5% 6.2% 5.2% 3.1% 2.3% 0.4% 2.0% 5.5% 5.7% 13.8% 13.82%
Book Value 3Y 9.6% 8.5% 4.6% 10.5% 10.8% 9.3% 9.6% 9.8% 9.5% 6.5% 5.5% 7.2% 6.6% 3.1% 3.8% 1.0% 2.7% -3.3% 0.8% 10.5% 10.45%
Dividend 3Y 2.4% 3.7% 0.6% 1.2% -10.3% -9.9% -10.5% -10.5% -19.4% -18.8% -19.0% -18.1% -2.3% -3.6% -2.2% -3.0% 4.4% -5.0% -1.0% 0.7% 0.67%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.53 0.35 0.32 0.40 0.70 0.74 0.54 0.16 0.24 0.70 0.90 0.86 0.12 0.02 0.11 0.18 0.21 0.00 0.11 0.07 0.073
Earnings Stability 0.16 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.11 0.15 0.39 0.86 0.69 0.63 0.69 0.80 0.57 0.44 0.62 0.61 0.54 0.55 0.36 0.361
Margin Stability 0.65 0.60 0.57 0.58 0.69 0.77 0.76 0.66 0.50 0.44 0.42 0.42 0.54 0.66 0.71 0.72 0.70 0.69 0.68 0.66 0.662
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.83 0.92 0.94 0.85 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.81 0.92 0.50 0.50 0.97 0.84 0.89 0.88 0.90 0.91 0.94 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.66 0.82 0.85 0.54 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.38 0.83 0.45 0.45 0.93 0.66 0.76 0.65 0.77 0.74 0.85 0.15 0.147
ROE Trend -0.04 -0.01 -0.02 -0.06 -0.11 -0.13 -0.14 -0.13 -0.10 -0.06 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 0.02 0.02 -0.00 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.02 0.020
Gross Margin Trend -0.06 -0.03 -0.03 -0.06 -0.12 -0.13 -0.14 -0.14 -0.10 -0.06 -0.04 -0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.002
FCF Margin Trend -0.19 -0.14 -0.06 -0.13 -0.04 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.09 0.06 0.03 -0.01 -0.00 -0.06 -0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.00 -0.003
Sustainable Growth Rate 14.6% 11.9% 9.0% 5.5% 2.6% -0.9% -1.9% -1.8% 1.2% 2.1% 2.5% 2.8% 1.7% 4.1% 3.9% 1.5% 2.5% 2.2% 2.7% 5.7% 5.72%
Internal Growth Rate 7.2% 5.9% 4.6% 2.6% 1.2% — — — 0.6% 1.0% 1.2% 1.4% 0.8% 2.0% 2.0% 0.7% 1.2% 1.1% 1.3% 3.0% 3.01%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.48 1.43 1.51 1.76 2.61 5.01 7.01 6.90 5.13 4.21 3.43 2.99 3.63 2.15 2.28 3.32 3.01 3.04 2.62 1.60 1.603
FCF/OCF 0.20 0.10 0.09 0.05 0.26 0.47 0.54 0.68 0.70 0.73 0.73 0.77 0.77 0.80 0.85 0.81 0.86 0.85 0.83 0.83 0.829
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.329
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.919
CapEx/Revenue 23.6% 24.3% 22.7% 22.4% 17.4% 13.5% 12.8% 9.9% 8.4% 7.2% 6.4% 5.0% 4.6% 3.7% 2.8% 3.0% 2.7% 2.9% 3.0% 3.0% 3.03%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.319
Accruals Ratio -0.05 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.06 -0.08 -0.09 -0.09 -0.08 -0.07 -0.06 -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 -0.02 -0.024
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.085
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.949
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 4.4% 4.2% 4.6% 7.4% 6.4% 6.1% 4.8% 4.9% 2.3% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.4% 2.6% 2.7% 2.3% 1.6% 1.7% 0.4% 0.69%
Dividend/Share $5.91 $6.16 $5.75 $5.86 $4.42 $4.51 $4.31 $4.31 $2.29 $2.40 $2.29 $2.38 $2.15 $2.15 $2.15 $2.14 $2.40 $1.85 $2.00 $2.10 $2.50
Payout Ratio 34.5% 37.7% 42.7% 55.5% 66.2% 1.2% 1.6% 1.6% 67.1% 55.0% 50.1% 46.9% 55.9% 35.0% 35.4% 60.2% 49.7% 50.7% 46.0% 27.0% 26.99%
FCF Payout Ratio 1.1% 2.6% 3.1% 7.0% 99.0% 52.5% 43.6% 33.2% 18.8% 17.8% 19.9% 20.3% 20.0% 20.3% 18.2% 22.3% 19.2% 19.7% 21.0% 20.3% 20.31%
Total Payout Ratio 38.6% 42.1% 44.5% 55.5% 66.2% 1.2% 1.6% 1.6% 67.1% 55.0% 50.1% 46.9% 55.9% 35.0% 35.4% 60.2% 49.7% 50.7% 46.0% 27.0% 26.99%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number 0.16 0.16 0.11 0.14 -0.20 -0.21 -0.20 -0.20 -0.44 -0.45 -0.45 -0.45 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.120
Buyback Yield 0.5% 0.5% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -0.0% -0.03%
Total Shareholder Return 4.7% 4.5% 4.8% 7.4% 6.4% 6.1% 4.8% 4.9% 2.3% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.4% 2.6% 2.7% 2.3% 1.6% 1.7% 0.3% 0.35%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.69 0.63 0.50 0.49 0.59 0.60 0.61 0.53 0.52 0.50 0.60 0.65 0.63 0.62 0.62 0.60 0.64 0.644
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.96 0.93 0.90 0.87 0.88 0.89 0.91 0.92 0.89 0.93 0.91 0.85 0.94 1.24 1.20 1.41 1.414
EBIT Margin 0.27 0.26 0.23 0.20 0.15 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.12 0.15 0.14 0.09 0.11 0.08 0.09 0.12 0.122
Asset Turnover 0.51 0.48 0.46 0.43 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.362
Equity Multiplier 2.18 2.12 2.05 2.17 2.14 2.10 2.04 2.11 2.05 2.05 2.01 2.06 2.04 2.03 2.02 2.11 2.08 2.02 2.00 1.96 1.956
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $17.13 $16.36 $13.47 $10.56 $6.68 $3.68 $2.61 $2.77 $3.42 $4.37 $4.58 $5.07 $3.85 $6.15 $6.08 $3.55 $4.84 $3.64 $4.33 $7.78 $7.78
Book Value/Share $83.42 $91.55 $90.77 $87.23 $90.35 $91.34 $89.29 $88.82 $93.32 $96.08 $95.57 $99.82 $101.07 $100.34 $101.43 $89.75 $97.77 $82.49 $91.54 $119.68 $141.54
Tangible Book/Share $82.35 $89.91 $89.24 $85.67 $88.55 $89.93 $87.99 $87.56 $92.13 $94.89 $94.47 $98.75 $100.05 $99.37 $100.52 $88.87 $96.93 $81.88 $90.91 $119.05 $119.05
Revenue/Share $85.57 $86.85 $81.51 $79.50 $74.48 $72.81 $65.84 $62.64 $63.45 $67.65 $65.20 $68.94 $70.99 $71.69 $72.81 $73.73 $74.35 $57.80 $63.78 $70.28 $70.28
FCF/Share $5.15 $2.37 $1.86 $0.84 $4.47 $8.58 $9.89 $12.97 $12.19 $13.52 $11.55 $11.70 $10.74 $10.59 $11.83 $9.57 $12.51 $9.38 $9.48 $10.34 $10.34
OCF/Share $25.35 $23.47 $20.35 $18.64 $17.45 $18.43 $18.32 $19.15 $17.53 $18.42 $15.72 $15.18 $14.00 $13.23 $13.88 $11.80 $14.55 $11.07 $11.38 $12.47 $12.47
Cash/Share $40.55 $39.56 $42.02 $40.30 $44.00 $48.78 $40.32 $47.13 $49.09 $41.52 $36.02 $32.55 $23.15 $23.55 $26.14 $22.36 $23.56 $19.92 $24.44 $25.24 $25.24
EBITDA/Share $32.06 $31.56 $27.82 $25.22 $20.45 $18.06 $15.68 $14.91 $15.74 $17.50 $18.69 $20.42 $19.13 $21.38 $20.38 $16.41 $17.57 $10.02 $11.14 $13.57 $13.57
Debt/Share $49.45 $49.79 $45.85 $46.65 $53.74 $55.33 $52.08 $54.81 $55.18 $56.41 $54.06 $58.34 $65.44 $63.01 $63.99 $63.92 $65.63 $48.25 $49.76 $48.40 $48.40
Net Debt/Share $8.90 $10.23 $3.83 $6.35 $9.75 $6.55 $11.76 $7.68 $6.09 $14.89 $18.05 $25.79 $42.29 $39.47 $37.85 $41.56 $42.07 $28.33 $25.33 $23.16 $23.16
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 5.515
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 9.853
Piotroski F-Score 5 7 5 5 5 5 3 3 4 7 6 8 7 5 7 5 7 7 7 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.60 -2.53 -2.61 -2.63 -2.33 -2.61 -2.64 -2.80 -2.82 -2.74 -2.67 -2.44 -2.34 -2.31 -2.49 -2.55 -2.51 -2.63 -2.60 -2.38 -2.380
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -10.355
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 15.15%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-6.92
EVA snapshot only $-5616415330.08
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A+
Credit Score 69.81 68.65 72.54 66.74 66.25 63.71 58.34 50.91 58.63 57.01 61.51 62.18 46.79 52.38 48.28 43.53 48.13 52.88 53.33 76.23 76.233
Credit Grade snapshot only 5
Credit Trend snapshot only 32.707
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 125.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 60
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 64

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