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Not Investment Advice

2539.TW TAI

Sakura Development Co.,Ltd
1W: -2.6% 1M: -4.4% 3M: -13.5% YTD: -29.9% 1Y: -40.0% 3Y: +13.3% 5Y: +127.6%
NT$34.00 ($1.07)
-0.25 (-0.73%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.5%
NT$32 NT$33 NT$34 NT$35 NT$36
TAI · Real Estate · Real Estate - Development · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 35 · NT$40.6B mcap · 440M float · 0.367% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
4
P/B
2
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. 2539.TW receives an overall rating of A. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5), P/E (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5), P/B (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-08-17 C+ A
2026-08-12 A C+
2026-06-01 A- A
2026-05-20 C A-
2026-05-18 A C
2026-05-04 A- A
2026-04-28 A A-
2026-04-07 A- A
2026-04-01 A A-
2026-03-17 B+ A

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 80 Grade A+
Profitability
89
Balance Sheet
93
Earnings Quality
92
Growth
61
Value
84
Momentum
82
Safety
100
Cash Flow
82
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. 2539.TW scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Growth (61/100). An overall grade of A+ places 2539.TW among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
4.27
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
8/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
2.56
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-10.99
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AAA
Score: 96.2/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.11x
Accruals: -1.7%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. 2539.TW scores 4.27, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. 2539.TW scores 8/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. 2539.TW's score of 2.56 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. 2539.TW's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. 2539.TW receives an estimated rating of AAA (score: 96.2/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). 2539.TW's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
8.08x
PEG
-3.48x
P/S
2.60x
P/B
2.03x
P/FCF
8.33x
P/OCF
8.33x
EV/EBITDA
7.72x
EV/Revenue
3.06x
EV/EBIT
7.72x
EV/FCF
8.53x
Earnings Yield
10.80%
FCF Yield
12.01%
Shareholder Yield
1.07%
Graham Number
$39.80
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 8.1x earnings, 2539.TW trades at a deep value multiple. An earnings yield of 10.8% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $39.80 per share, suggesting a potential 17% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.806
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.011
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.396
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.478
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.824
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
28.1%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. 2539.TW's ROE of 28.1% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.478), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$161.80
Price/Value
0.24x
Margin of Safety
75.96%
Premium
-75.96%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with 2539.TW's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. 2539.TW actually compounded EPS at 46.1% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. At an intrinsic value of $161.80, 2539.TW appears undervalued with a 76% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 8.1x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$34.00
Median 1Y
$39.46
5th Pctile
$25.95
95th Pctile
$60.12
Ann. Volatility
23.2%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 11.1% 9.3% 9.2% 19.3% 21.6% 16.3% 21.3% 11.8% 9.7% 17.6% 16.3% 17.4% 10.6% 21.7% 28.5% 31.0% 37.3% 25.6% 19.6% 28.1% 28.11%
ROA 4.3% 3.9% 3.5% 7.7% 9.3% 7.2% 9.3% 5.3% 4.7% 8.3% 7.7% 7.6% 4.4% 10.0% 13.4% 14.0% 16.5% 12.9% 10.5% 15.4% 15.41%
ROIC 5.4% 4.7% 4.4% 9.6% 12.0% 8.8% 12.0% 6.8% 6.0% 10.7% 9.6% 9.7% 5.8% 15.1% 21.4% 23.5% 26.7% 19.3% 16.2% 23.4% 23.42%
ROCE 8.6% 7.9% 7.8% 16.1% 18.2% 14.8% 18.6% 11.3% 10.3% 16.6% 14.6% 17.1% 10.4% 21.5% 27.3% 29.8% 35.3% 25.2% 19.5% 27.9% 27.88%
Gross Margin 33.5% 29.7% 11.7% 38.6% 33.8% — 39.5% 40.8% 41.8% 54.8% 53.5% 53.7% 98.9% 47.0% 39.2% 40.9% 41.8% 42.8% 45.4% 44.6% 44.63%
Operating Margin 26.8% 24.5% -15.6% 34.4% 29.2% — 32.4% 0.4% 32.9% 44.6% 40.3% 21.7% -18.3% 42.7% 35.1% 30.5% 36.2% 39.4% 40.5% 40.6% 40.65%
Net Margin 21.3% 19.6% -17.6% 26.6% 23.6% — 25.8% -6.5% 25.8% 34.8% 31.0% 14.1% -17.6% 34.6% 28.3% 24.6% 29.5% 32.7% 32.9% 33.0% 32.99%
EBITDA Margin 26.9% 24.5% -15.0% 34.4% 29.2% — 32.5% 0.7% 32.9% 44.7% 40.4% 23.3% -18.1% 42.9% 35.1% 31.9% 36.5% 39.4% 40.9% 40.6% 40.65%
FCF Margin -38.6% -36.8% -13.7% 25.5% 31.8% 18.1% 32.4% 14.6% -14.2% 5.8% -25.5% -32.8% -97.7% 5.2% 28.8% 35.0% 38.0% 37.7% 43.1% 35.8% 35.82%
OCF Margin -38.4% -36.5% -13.5% 25.6% 31.9% 18.1% 32.4% 14.6% -14.2% 5.8% -25.5% -32.8% -97.6% 5.2% 28.8% 35.0% 38.0% 37.7% 43.1% 35.8% 35.83%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 22.87%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 19.50%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 11.77%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 16.83%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 18.39%
Cash ROA snapshot only 17.14%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 26.40%
CROIC snapshot only 26.39%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 31.79%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 39.99%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 4.28%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 14.67 14.94 15.79 7.84 7.36 11.05 9.62 18.75 25.00 15.35 23.61 23.25 34.12 15.39 12.98 12.91 10.89 13.99 16.99 9.26 8.076
P/S Ratio 2.71 2.64 2.88 1.76 1.71 2.66 2.40 4.04 5.57 4.16 6.67 6.83 9.56 4.83 3.91 3.89 3.36 4.12 5.23 2.98 2.604
P/B Ratio 1.55 1.33 1.39 1.39 1.44 1.67 1.86 2.09 2.32 2.49 3.57 3.78 3.49 3.05 3.27 3.52 3.47 3.22 3.07 2.32 2.029
P/FCF -7.01 -7.17 -20.96 6.93 5.37 14.67 7.41 27.77 -39.18 71.63 -26.19 -20.84 -9.79 93.56 13.58 11.12 8.85 10.94 12.14 8.33 8.328
P/OCF — — — 6.90 5.37 14.66 7.41 27.77 — 71.55 — — — 93.06 13.57 11.11 8.84 10.92 12.13 8.33 8.326
EV/EBITDA 18.50 19.62 21.31 9.88 8.35 12.40 10.06 19.15 23.51 14.35 21.01 21.08 31.00 13.35 10.90 10.76 9.23 11.98 14.19 7.72 7.718
EV/Revenue 4.49 4.55 5.08 2.86 2.47 3.83 3.19 5.30 6.88 5.04 7.76 8.05 11.65 5.32 4.12 4.06 3.54 4.35 5.39 3.06 3.055
EV/EBIT 18.59 19.74 21.44 9.90 8.37 12.43 10.08 19.21 23.58 14.38 21.05 21.11 31.08 13.36 10.91 10.77 9.24 11.99 14.20 7.72 7.722
EV/FCF -11.63 -12.39 -36.94 11.23 7.75 21.14 9.84 36.41 -48.46 86.77 -30.46 -24.54 -11.93 103.01 14.30 11.61 9.33 11.55 12.51 8.53 8.531
Earnings Yield 6.8% 6.7% 6.3% 12.8% 13.6% 9.1% 10.4% 5.3% 4.0% 6.5% 4.2% 4.3% 2.9% 6.5% 7.7% 7.7% 9.2% 7.1% 5.9% 10.8% 10.80%
FCF Yield -14.3% -13.9% -4.8% 14.4% 18.6% 6.8% 13.5% 3.6% -2.6% 1.4% -3.8% -4.8% -10.2% 1.1% 7.4% 9.0% 11.3% 9.1% 8.2% 12.0% 12.01%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 2.322
EV/OCF snapshot only 8.528
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 6.987
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 7.745
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 1.07%
Graham Number snapshot only $39.80
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 2.46 2.44 2.24 2.60 3.03 2.63 2.83 2.39 2.26 2.44 2.56 2.04 1.97 2.11 2.29 2.23 2.30 2.58 2.93 3.07 3.069
Quick Ratio 0.33 0.22 0.21 0.22 0.30 0.19 0.27 0.26 0.33 0.34 0.33 0.28 0.30 0.42 0.62 0.59 0.60 0.71 0.74 0.82 0.823
Debt/Equity 1.31 1.14 1.26 1.02 0.82 0.86 0.78 0.85 0.80 0.76 0.80 0.93 1.09 0.67 0.64 0.62 0.61 0.49 0.40 0.36 0.361
Net Debt/Equity 1.02 0.97 1.06 0.86 0.64 0.74 0.61 0.65 0.55 0.53 0.58 0.67 0.76 0.31 0.17 0.15 0.19 0.18 0.09 0.06 0.056
Debt/Assets 0.48 0.46 0.48 0.45 0.40 0.41 0.38 0.39 0.38 0.36 0.36 0.38 0.41 0.30 0.31 0.30 0.31 0.27 0.23 0.22 0.222
Debt/EBITDA 9.42 9.78 10.95 4.48 3.28 4.42 3.17 5.90 6.57 3.63 4.07 4.39 7.93 2.64 2.01 1.81 1.54 1.73 1.79 1.17 1.171
Net Debt/EBITDA 7.35 8.27 9.22 3.79 2.57 3.80 2.49 4.54 4.50 2.50 2.94 3.18 5.57 1.22 0.55 0.45 0.48 0.64 0.42 0.18 0.183
Interest Coverage 35.75 33.76 37.34 93.68 143.69 138.30 244.66 205.24 254.61 524.01 548.37 606.64 402.09 769.81 888.81 854.25 1037.01 713.32 530.55 711.94 711.939
Equity Multiplier 2.71 2.47 2.62 2.29 2.03 2.10 2.03 2.17 2.12 2.14 2.21 2.41 2.67 2.21 2.05 2.07 1.98 1.81 1.71 1.63 1.627
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.583
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 712.270
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.844
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.773
Defensive Interval snapshot only 3429.3 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.23 0.22 0.19 0.34 0.40 0.30 0.37 0.25 0.21 0.31 0.27 0.26 0.16 0.32 0.45 0.46 0.53 0.44 0.34 0.48 0.478
Inventory Turnover 0.18 0.16 0.15 0.25 0.30 0.21 0.26 0.17 0.14 0.19 0.16 0.15 0.08 0.20 0.32 0.33 0.38 0.34 0.27 0.37 0.370
Receivables Turnover 69.07 254.10 50748.01 20494.18 135.60 498.92 53963.81 5036.29 94.62 232.60 251.30 400.11 70.31 58.51 33.87 56.03 43.81 55.69 24.76 47.90 47.896
Payables Turnover 6.97 5.94 9.45 12.17 11.35 7.70 12.27 6.92 5.01 5.99 6.08 5.14 3.39 5.26 11.11 10.82 14.23 9.19 9.70 12.54 12.540
DSO 5 1 0 0 3 1 0 0 4 2 1 1 5 6 11 7 8 7 15 8 7.6 days
DIO 2047 2214 2459 1476 1228 1752 1401 2095 2559 1955 2329 2457 4296 1836 1155 1103 950 1068 1368 987 986.8 days
DPO 52 61 39 30 32 47 30 53 73 61 60 71 108 69 33 34 26 40 38 29 29.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 2000 2154 2420 1447 1198 1705 1371 2042 2490 1896 2271 2387 4194 1772 1133 1075 932 1035 1345 965 965.3 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 337.538
Operating Cycle snapshot only 994.4 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 2.558
Capital Intensity snapshot only 2.090
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue -31.4% -7.4% 0.8% 1.2% 81.8% 46.5% 96.9% -26.6% -45.8% 12.8% -19.4% 23.5% -5.3% 27.7% 1.0% 1.2% 3.0% 55.3% -17.0% 9.6% 9.57%
Net Income -35.3% -8.3% 9.5% 2.3% 1.3% 99.7% 1.7% -29.8% -48.1% 27.2% -8.7% 68.4% 19.2% 47.8% 1.2% 1.2% 3.4% 45.7% -15.3% 17.2% 17.19%
EPS -34.8% -3.3% 14.4% 2.3% 1.3% 59.0% 1.1% -39.2% -55.2% 27.2% -8.7% 70.9% 2.2% 27.4% 86.5% 85.1% 2.7% 21.8% -29.7% -1.3% -1.30%
FCF -56.0% 56.2% 85.1% 1.4% 2.5% 1.7% 5.6% -58.1% -1.2% -63.8% -1.6% -3.8% -5.5% 13.5% 3.3% 3.3% 2.5% 10.3% 24.0% 12.3% 12.25%
EBITDA -26.2% -6.1% 6.5% 2.1% 1.2% 94.9% 1.6% -30.0% -46.3% 28.3% -6.0% 70.5% 21.6% 44.8% 1.1% 1.1% 3.1% 41.5% -16.7% 15.1% 15.05%
Op. Income -26.2% -6.2% 6.5% 2.1% 1.2% 95.7% 1.6% -30.0% -46.4% 28.4% -6.1% 70.2% 21.0% 44.1% 1.1% 1.1% 3.1% 41.6% -17.1% 15.5% 15.49%
OCF Growth snapshot only 12.17%
Asset Growth snapshot only -0.04%
Equity Growth snapshot only 27.40%
Debt Growth snapshot only -25.48%
Shares Change snapshot only 18.73%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 22.12%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 11.0% 4.1% 4.5% 17.9% 18.6% -5.5% 0.6% -9.6% -12.2% 15.2% 17.0% 25.4% -2.3% 28.3% 47.6% 25.0% 26.9% 30.8% 10.7% 42.9% 42.90%
Revenue 5Y 19.4% 5.0% 2.2% 13.0% 10.0% 8.4% 16.7% 5.7% 6.1% 13.2% 12.6% 8.2% -3.1% 3.9% 10.7% 14.5% 20.6% 24.8% 21.9% 36.0% 36.03%
EPS 3Y 18.2% 17.6% 30.4% 35.2% 33.0% -5.3% 2.7% -11.1% -12.5% 25.1% 30.8% 51.5% 1.6% 37.1% 54.0% 24.4% 19.2% 25.5% 6.2% 46.1% 46.15%
EPS 5Y 9.5% -6.3% -8.6% 3.0% 3.3% 2.6% 12.9% 2.3% 11.1% 26.9% 34.1% 20.8% 1.5% 6.6% 13.0% 17.3% 20.4% 24.9% 24.0% 44.8% 44.75%
Net Income 3Y 16.9% 18.7% 26.7% 35.1% 33.4% 0.4% 8.0% -7.0% -8.4% 32.6% 39.2% 57.0% 12.3% 55.4% 74.6% 37.8% 39.5% 39.9% 18.7% 63.4% 63.41%
Net Income 5Y 12.8% -5.0% -7.4% 6.4% 6.3% 8.8% 19.8% 9.2% 13.7% 33.6% 38.0% 23.9% 8.0% 13.7% 20.0% 24.5% 32.1% 38.1% 37.6% 58.6% 58.59%
EBITDA 3Y 21.5% 23.0% 30.1% 41.0% 38.5% 5.2% 12.9% -3.3% -4.3% 32.9% 37.9% 53.9% 13.1% 53.6% 72.2% 36.5% 38.4% 38.1% 17.6% 61.0% 61.03%
EBITDA 5Y 15.8% -1.7% -4.2% 9.8% 9.6% 11.9% 22.6% 11.6% 16.3% 36.0% 40.2% 27.3% 11.6% 16.7% 22.9% 26.9% 34.1% 36.9% 35.3% 54.9% 54.94%
Gross Profit 3Y 17.7% 16.0% 18.3% 31.5% 29.9% 2.0% 9.2% -3.5% -2.8% 28.9% 32.8% 45.9% 15.2% 47.5% 65.0% 34.8% 36.6% 36.3% 16.3% 52.1% 52.14%
Gross Profit 5Y 17.4% 1.2% -1.9% 10.2% 9.1% 10.7% 20.5% 10.9% 14.6% 30.0% 32.6% 24.3% 12.1% 15.3% 20.4% 23.4% 29.7% 30.7% 28.1% 45.1% 45.09%
Op. Income 3Y 21.5% 23.0% 30.5% 41.4% 38.7% 5.3% 13.0% -3.2% -4.2% 33.1% 38.1% 54.1% 13.0% 53.6% 72.3% 36.3% 38.2% 37.9% 17.2% 61.0% 61.00%
Op. Income 5Y 17.5% -1.1% -3.6% 10.5% 9.6% 11.9% 22.6% 11.6% 16.4% 36.2% 40.6% 27.5% 11.6% 16.7% 22.9% 26.8% 34.0% 36.9% 35.2% 55.1% 55.06%
FCF 3Y — — — — — -8.8% 57.3% 15.8% — — — — — — — 38.9% 34.6% 66.9% 21.7% 92.9% 92.94%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — -20.8% 41.5% 58.3% — — — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — -8.8% 57.3% 15.8% — — — — — — — 38.8% 34.6% 67.0% 21.8% 93.0% 92.96%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — -20.7% 41.4% 58.3% — — — — —
Assets 3Y 19.4% 18.7% 18.5% 13.6% 10.3% 15.4% 12.6% 12.0% 9.0% 11.7% 10.4% 9.9% 13.0% 14.5% 13.3% 15.4% 17.5% 15.7% 14.8% 13.4% 13.44%
Assets 5Y 18.0% 18.8% 19.6% 14.8% 12.8% 13.5% 11.6% 12.2% 12.5% 15.0% 15.0% 14.7% 15.8% 18.2% 16.9% 15.5% 13.0% 12.4% 9.9% 8.5% 8.55%
Equity 3Y 14.1% 13.8% 14.0% 15.6% 17.2% 11.3% 12.3% 13.1% 14.6% 14.9% 16.3% 15.6% 13.5% 18.9% 23.0% 19.4% 18.4% 21.6% 21.4% 24.8% 24.79%
Book Value 3Y 15.3% 12.7% 17.4% 15.7% 16.9% 4.9% 6.8% 8.1% 9.5% 8.5% 9.4% 11.6% 2.7% 4.9% 8.5% 7.7% 1.2% 9.0% 8.6% 11.6% 11.61%
Dividend 3Y — -38.4% -35.9% -37.7% — -1.3% -0.4% 0.0% -18.9% -1.2% -1.6% 1.0% 20.0% 17.0% 16.9% 19.7% -3.3% 1.5% 1.2% 1.2% 1.23%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.65 0.11 0.03 0.23 0.31 0.04 0.16 0.09 0.16 0.80 0.60 0.35 0.01 0.16 0.26 0.28 0.20 0.82 0.71 0.85 0.845
Earnings Stability 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.17 0.13 0.28 0.22 0.33 0.48 0.45 0.41 0.07 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.40 0.91 0.83 0.86 0.856
Margin Stability 0.87 0.82 0.80 0.83 0.88 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.85 0.76 0.71 0.74 0.72 0.78 0.78 0.80 0.77 0.84 0.85 0.83 0.827
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
Earnings Persistence 0.86 0.97 0.96 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.88 0.81 0.89 0.97 0.50 0.92 0.81 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.82 0.94 0.93 0.931
Earnings Smoothness 0.57 0.91 0.91 0.00 0.22 0.33 0.08 0.65 0.37 0.76 0.91 0.49 0.82 0.61 0.26 0.25 0.00 0.63 0.83 0.84 0.842
ROE Trend -0.05 -0.07 -0.06 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.10 -0.01 -0.06 0.04 0.01 0.02 -0.04 0.04 0.08 0.14 0.22 0.05 -0.02 0.03 0.033
Gross Margin Trend 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.07 0.12 0.15 0.14 0.17 0.07 0.01 0.00 -0.04 -0.06 -0.04 -0.03 -0.029
FCF Margin Trend -0.22 -0.08 0.29 0.93 0.60 0.75 0.86 0.72 -0.11 0.15 -0.35 -0.53 -1.06 -0.07 0.25 0.44 0.94 0.32 0.41 0.35 0.347
Sustainable Growth Rate 11.1% 7.9% 7.8% 18.0% 18.9% 14.9% 19.9% 10.5% 8.3% 16.3% 15.0% 16.1% 7.6% 19.1% 26.0% 28.5% 33.8% 22.5% 16.7% 25.3% 25.33%
Internal Growth Rate 4.5% 3.4% 3.1% 7.7% 8.8% 7.0% 9.5% 4.9% 4.2% 8.3% 7.6% 7.5% 3.3% 9.6% 14.0% 14.8% 17.5% 12.8% 9.8% 16.1% 16.13%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income -2.08 -2.07 -0.74 1.14 1.37 0.75 1.30 0.68 -0.64 0.21 -0.90 -1.12 -3.48 0.17 0.96 1.16 1.23 1.28 1.40 1.11 1.112
FCF/OCF 1.00 1.01 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.111
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.905
CapEx/Revenue 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.01%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.306
Accruals Ratio 0.13 0.12 0.06 -0.01 -0.03 0.02 -0.03 0.02 0.08 0.07 0.15 0.16 0.20 0.08 0.01 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.017
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.115
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 11.187
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.0% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 1.7% 0.8% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.3% 0.3% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.6% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 1.1% 1.76%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.16 $0.16 $0.15 $0.32 $0.15 $0.15 $0.15 $0.17 $0.17 $0.17 $0.17 $0.34 $0.34 $0.34 $0.34 $0.42 $0.42 $0.41 $0.42 $0.60
Payout Ratio 0.0% 14.8% 14.9% 6.8% 12.3% 8.5% 6.3% 11.1% 14.5% 7.7% 8.0% 7.6% 28.4% 12.1% 8.6% 8.0% 9.4% 12.1% 14.7% 9.9% 9.90%
FCF Payout Ratio — — — 6.0% 9.0% 11.3% 4.9% 16.5% — 35.8% — — — 73.6% 9.0% 6.9% 7.6% 9.4% 10.5% 8.9% 8.91%
Total Payout Ratio 0.0% 14.8% 14.9% 6.8% 12.3% 8.5% 6.3% 11.1% 14.5% 7.7% 8.0% 7.6% 28.4% 12.1% 8.6% 8.0% 9.4% 12.1% 14.7% 9.9% 9.90%
Div. Increase Streak — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — -0.75 -0.75 -0.75 — 0.15 0.15 0.15 -0.38 0.15 0.15 0.15 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.461
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Shareholder Return 0.0% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 1.7% 0.8% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.3% 0.3% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.6% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 1.1% 1.07%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.75 0.79 0.80 0.80 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.806
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.011
EBIT Margin 0.24 0.23 0.24 0.29 0.29 0.31 0.32 0.28 0.29 0.35 0.37 0.38 0.37 0.40 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.36 0.38 0.40 0.396
Asset Turnover 0.23 0.22 0.19 0.34 0.40 0.30 0.37 0.25 0.21 0.31 0.27 0.26 0.16 0.32 0.45 0.46 0.53 0.44 0.34 0.48 0.478
Equity Multiplier 2.59 2.41 2.61 2.52 2.33 2.27 2.29 2.23 2.07 2.13 2.13 2.30 2.40 2.18 2.12 2.22 2.27 1.99 1.87 1.82 1.824
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $1.15 $1.10 $1.10 $2.21 $2.63 $1.76 $2.36 $1.35 $1.18 $2.23 $2.15 $2.30 $1.21 $2.85 $4.01 $4.26 $4.46 $3.47 $2.82 $4.20 $4.20
Book Value/Share $10.87 $12.43 $12.49 $12.48 $13.49 $11.62 $12.20 $12.05 $12.74 $13.76 $14.23 $14.15 $11.79 $14.36 $15.93 $15.61 $13.97 $15.06 $15.63 $16.75 $16.75
Tangible Book/Share $10.87 $12.43 $12.48 $12.48 $13.49 $11.62 $12.20 $12.05 $12.74 $13.76 $14.23 $14.15 $11.79 $14.36 $15.93 $15.61 $13.97 $15.05 $15.63 $16.75 $16.75
Revenue/Share $6.23 $6.26 $6.02 $9.83 $11.34 $7.31 $9.44 $6.25 $5.30 $8.24 $7.61 $7.83 $4.30 $9.07 $13.30 $14.13 $14.46 $11.77 $9.16 $13.04 $13.04
FCF/Share $-2.40 $-2.30 $-0.83 $2.51 $3.61 $1.32 $3.06 $0.91 $-0.75 $0.48 $-1.94 $-2.57 $-4.20 $0.47 $3.83 $4.94 $5.49 $4.44 $3.94 $4.67 $4.67
OCF/Share $-2.39 $-2.29 $-0.82 $2.52 $3.61 $1.32 $3.06 $0.91 $-0.75 $0.48 $-1.94 $-2.57 $-4.20 $0.47 $3.84 $4.95 $5.49 $4.44 $3.95 $4.67 $4.67
Cash/Share $3.13 $2.20 $2.49 $1.97 $2.41 $1.39 $2.05 $2.34 $3.21 $3.26 $3.17 $3.61 $3.82 $5.13 $7.38 $7.25 $5.90 $4.70 $4.77 $5.10 $5.10
EBITDA/Share $1.51 $1.45 $1.43 $2.85 $3.35 $2.25 $2.99 $1.73 $1.55 $2.89 $2.81 $2.99 $1.62 $3.61 $5.03 $5.33 $5.54 $4.28 $3.48 $5.16 $5.16
Debt/Share $14.23 $14.21 $15.72 $12.76 $11.01 $9.96 $9.49 $10.19 $10.19 $10.51 $11.44 $13.12 $12.83 $9.55 $10.13 $9.63 $8.55 $7.41 $6.22 $6.04 $6.04
Net Debt/Share $11.10 $12.01 $13.23 $10.79 $8.60 $8.57 $7.44 $7.85 $6.98 $7.25 $8.27 $9.51 $9.01 $4.42 $2.76 $2.38 $2.65 $2.72 $1.45 $0.95 $0.95
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.268
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 9.858
Piotroski F-Score 4 2 4 8 9 6 8 4 3 6 4 6 3 5 5 7 7 7 6 8 8
Beneish M-Score 1.08 -2.85 940.92 2878.15 -3.10 — 684.64 331.22 58.37 — 515.79 -2.29 39.11 0.35 1.92 3.63 327.02 0.52 -0.21 2.56 2.558
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -10.994
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 28.44%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $16.35
EVA snapshot only $2837548156.02
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AAA
Credit Score 53.29 51.71 53.08 68.77 79.27 70.05 79.36 66.79 63.64 72.56 74.38 69.62 59.86 73.52 86.87 91.32 94.18 94.96 95.92 96.16 96.160
Credit Grade snapshot only 1
Credit Trend snapshot only 4.843
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 50.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 98
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 97

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For informational purposes only. Not investment advice. Data sourced from SEC filings. Privacy Terms