— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice

2986.T JPX

LA Holdings Co., Ltd.
1W: -4.8% 1M: -2.1% 3M: +0.6% YTD: -72.7% 1Y: -60.8% 3Y: -28.8% 5Y: +158.5%
¥2,747.00 ($17.42)
-48.00 (-1.72%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.3%
¥2609 ¥2702 ¥2795 ¥2888 ¥2981
JPX · Real Estate · Real Estate - Services · Tech Score Neutral · Power 43 · ¥64.1B mcap · 16M float · 1.17% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B
Oct 05, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
2
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. 2986.T receives an overall rating of B. Strongest factors: ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), D/E (1/5), P/B (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B- B
2026-09-24 None ADDED
2026-09-23 EXISTED None
2026-08-14 B B-
2026-06-29 B+ B
2026-06-29 B B+
2026-05-07 None ADDED
2026-05-06 EXISTED None
2026-01-05 None ADDED
2026-01-04 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 47 Grade D
Profitability
74
Balance Sheet
61
Earnings Quality
43
Growth
79
Value
95
Momentum
49
Safety
50
Cash Flow
18
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. 2986.T scores highest in Value (95/100) and lowest in Cash Flow (18/100). A grade of D flags significant fundamental concerns across multiple dimensions.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
2.13
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-1.90
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-8.40
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB-
Score: 54.8/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
25/100
OCF/NI: -0.34x
Accruals: 10.8%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. 2986.T scores 2.13, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. 2986.T scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. 2986.T's score of -1.90 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. 2986.T's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. 2986.T receives an estimated rating of BBB- (score: 54.8/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). 2986.T's score of 25/100 is low — reported earnings may not be fully supported by cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
13.33x
PEG
-0.35x
P/S
1.37x
P/B
2.14x
P/FCF
-14.45x
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
8.19x
EV/Revenue
1.74x
EV/EBIT
8.37x
EV/FCF
-29.44x
Earnings Yield
15.34%
FCF Yield
-6.92%
Shareholder Yield
4.33%
Graham Number
$9523.85
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 13.3x earnings, 2986.T trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 15.3% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $9523.85 per share, suggesting a potential 241% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.692
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.910
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.208
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.618
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
3.720
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
30.1%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. 2986.T's ROE of 30.1% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 3.72x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$37032.73
Price/Value
0.17x
Margin of Safety
83.07%
Premium
-83.07%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with 2986.T's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. 2986.T actually compounded EPS at 51.3% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. At an intrinsic value of $37032.73, 2986.T appears undervalued with a 83% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 13.3x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1503 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$2795.00
Median 1Y
$3069.37
5th Pctile
$1103.66
95th Pctile
$8585.37
Ann. Volatility
61.9%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
ROE 13.2% 17.9% 29.6% 35.0% 33.5% 32.0% 25.9% 19.3% 36.2% 41.0% 47.8% 45.6% 24.7% 29.2% 16.6% 28.3% 28.3% 30.7% 30.1% 30.07%
ROA 2.4% 3.2% 6.1% 7.1% 6.5% 5.5% 4.8% 3.5% 7.8% 7.5% 10.0% 9.2% 5.9% 6.5% 3.9% 6.7% 7.1% 7.2% 8.1% 8.08%
ROIC 3.5% 4.8% 9.8% 10.8% 8.4% 6.1% 6.0% 4.5% 8.4% 7.4% 11.0% 10.4% 8.4% 9.2% 5.7% 9.5% 10.1% 8.6% 10.0% 10.01%
ROCE 5.3% 6.9% 13.1% 15.2% 11.0% 8.5% 8.0% 6.4% 14.3% 14.8% 18.3% 18.7% 13.0% 14.4% 10.0% 16.3% 16.3% 17.3% 16.7% 16.74%
Gross Margin 24.7% 20.9% 44.2% 35.9% 38.1% 28.6% 22.7% 26.4% 43.9% 20.4% 28.7% 24.2% 29.9% 21.5% 24.0% 25.2% 29.0% 21.7% 40.9% 40.91%
Operating Margin 15.6% 10.1% 32.2% 23.4% 21.3% 9.3% 14.5% 15.8% 35.8% 8.4% 20.6% 13.7% 20.9% 11.1% 11.4% 19.4% 20.7% 14.1% 31.2% 31.16%
Net Margin 10.1% 6.2% 20.3% 14.8% 11.6% 1.6% 9.5% 9.0% 33.4% 3.3% 13.7% 4.5% 13.7% 6.1% 5.2% 12.4% 13.2% 8.1% 18.8% 18.81%
EBITDA Margin 15.4% 10.5% 32.6% 21.1% 19.5% 6.3% 15.0% 17.7% 46.6% 9.3% 21.1% 11.7% 21.0% 11.7% 10.7% 19.7% 21.1% 14.5% 30.6% 30.58%
FCF Margin 3.8% 4.7% 5.0% 5.1% -7.1% -22.3% -32.8% -47.3% -34.2% -27.7% -18.9% -15.7% -14.7% -12.9% -15.2% -10.5% -8.5% -7.3% -5.9% -5.90%
OCF Margin 7.6% 9.5% 10.2% 10.4% -0.3% -13.7% -24.3% -37.5% -26.2% -20.3% -13.1% -10.1% -9.8% -9.0% -11.0% -7.9% -6.4% -5.5% -4.4% -4.40%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 25.04%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 25.50%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 6.33%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 6.65%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 7.91%
Cash ROA snapshot only -2.24%
Cash ROIC snapshot only -3.02%
CROIC snapshot only -4.06%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 14.56%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 18.90%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 7.52%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
P/E Ratio 6.26 7.17 3.38 3.04 4.54 6.42 7.04 9.98 4.74 5.79 4.79 5.51 8.13 8.41 11.14 5.90 7.41 8.57 6.52 13.332
P/S Ratio 0.63 0.62 0.40 0.38 0.61 0.86 0.73 0.88 0.88 0.98 0.81 0.84 0.85 0.87 0.88 0.61 0.78 0.93 0.85 1.371
P/B Ratio 0.83 1.28 1.00 1.06 1.21 1.70 1.60 1.78 1.41 1.95 1.75 1.93 1.76 2.12 1.75 1.51 1.93 2.39 1.50 2.136
P/FCF 16.77 13.18 8.01 7.46 -8.52 -3.88 -2.23 -1.87 -2.58 -3.54 -4.27 -5.38 -5.77 -6.76 -5.75 -5.81 -9.22 -12.70 -14.45 -14.450
P/OCF 8.28 6.51 3.95 3.69 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA 19.43 15.56 6.87 6.70 9.02 13.76 14.77 18.33 8.27 10.06 6.98 7.72 10.24 10.09 14.95 8.52 8.89 10.96 8.19 8.194
EV/Revenue 2.99 2.11 1.30 1.30 1.90 2.97 2.45 2.86 2.30 2.61 1.80 1.85 1.80 1.75 2.14 1.45 1.55 1.96 1.74 1.738
EV/EBIT 19.43 15.56 6.87 6.70 9.02 13.76 14.77 18.85 8.47 10.42 7.15 7.89 10.53 10.36 15.79 8.80 9.14 11.23 8.37 8.368
EV/FCF 79.32 44.91 25.82 25.33 -26.65 -13.30 -7.47 -6.06 -6.73 -9.40 -9.51 -11.77 -12.23 -13.50 -14.08 -13.81 -18.29 -26.74 -29.44 -29.439
Earnings Yield 16.0% 14.0% 29.6% 32.9% 22.0% 15.6% 14.2% 10.0% 21.1% 17.3% 20.9% 18.1% 12.3% 11.9% 9.0% 17.0% 13.5% 11.7% 15.3% 15.34%
FCF Yield 6.0% 7.6% 12.5% 13.4% -11.7% -25.8% -44.8% -53.4% -38.8% -28.3% -23.4% -18.6% -17.3% -14.8% -17.4% -17.2% -10.9% -7.9% -6.9% -6.92%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 1.498
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 6.087
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 8.264
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 4.33%
Graham Number snapshot only $9523.85
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Current Ratio 1.94 2.28 2.32 2.34 3.16 4.35 3.25 3.48 2.45 2.36 2.70 2.36 2.51 2.92 2.42 2.30 2.55 2.13 2.44 2.443
Quick Ratio 0.59 0.66 0.92 0.86 1.03 0.75 0.63 0.65 0.65 0.42 0.69 0.59 0.69 0.68 0.40 0.54 0.64 0.38 0.63 0.628
Debt/Equity 3.73 3.81 3.14 3.48 3.51 4.70 4.52 4.74 3.10 3.88 2.94 3.12 2.81 2.83 3.01 2.81 2.64 3.19 2.26 2.264
Net Debt/Equity 3.08 3.09 2.22 2.54 2.58 4.15 3.76 3.97 2.27 3.24 2.14 2.29 1.97 2.12 2.53 2.08 1.90 2.64 1.55 1.552
Debt/Assets 0.69 0.69 0.65 0.70 0.71 0.78 0.77 0.78 0.70 0.76 0.69 0.71 0.70 0.70 0.71 0.69 0.67 0.72 0.66 0.658
Debt/EBITDA 18.55 13.54 6.70 6.45 8.34 11.05 12.45 15.12 6.96 7.53 5.28 5.70 7.72 6.75 10.50 6.65 6.14 6.96 6.09 6.087
Net Debt/EBITDA 15.32 10.99 4.74 4.72 6.13 9.75 10.36 12.67 5.10 6.28 3.85 4.19 5.41 5.04 8.84 4.94 4.41 5.75 4.17 4.172
Interest Coverage 18.57 12.25 15.51 14.79 12.59 10.02 7.41 5.78 12.01 11.63 14.38 13.67 9.56 10.05 6.49 10.67 11.87 11.41 12.87 12.871
Equity Multiplier 5.43 5.53 4.84 4.94 4.95 6.01 5.89 6.07 4.44 5.09 4.23 4.38 4.02 4.04 4.25 4.07 3.93 4.45 3.44 3.442
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.562
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 13.143
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.315
FCF to Debt snapshot only -0.046
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1970.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Asset Turnover 0.24 0.37 0.51 0.56 0.49 0.41 0.46 0.39 0.42 0.44 0.59 0.60 0.56 0.63 0.50 0.65 0.68 0.66 0.62 0.618
Inventory Turnover 0.44 0.67 1.00 0.93 0.70 0.47 0.63 0.52 0.53 0.49 0.68 0.68 0.71 0.70 0.56 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.64 0.638
Receivables Turnover 281.32 1236.97 2568.49 2540.36 1196.69 2075.94 3234.31 2885.07 4817.39 5514.31 12175.20 12038.10 18202.44 26313.32 74224.94 34075.29 140588.18 104199.30 107598.63 107598.629
Payables Turnover 11.39 18.99 36.84 77.31 29.08 23.95 32.48 38.77 29.53 38.76 25.68 25.58 51.45 33.05 17.52 32.70 68.57 23.69 29.01 29.008
DSO 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DIO 835 543 366 391 522 774 584 697 691 751 539 537 516 524 655 485 457 522 572 572.4 days
DPO 32 19 10 5 13 15 11 9 12 9 14 14 7 11 21 11 5 15 13 12.6 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 804 524 357 386 510 759 573 688 679 742 525 523 509 513 634 473 452 506 560 559.8 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 5.952
Operating Cycle snapshot only 572.4 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 2.462
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.963
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Revenue — — — — 1.6% 44.8% 15.9% -14.3% 24.4% 57.3% 88.0% 1.1% 72.6% 68.0% 3.9% 33.5% 41.9% 29.5% 66.8% 66.79%
Net Income — — — — 2.4% 1.3% 0.9% -39.7% 73.5% 97.6% 2.1% 2.7% -3.1% 3.2% -51.6% -9.6% 43.1% 35.4% 1.8% 1.78%
EPS — — — — 2.5% 93.7% -13.4% -44.4% 69.1% 84.0% 1.8% 2.1% -17.2% -3.5% -54.5% -10.3% 45.4% 37.6% 1.7% 1.68%
FCF — — — — -5.9% -7.9% -8.5% -8.9% -5.0% -95.4% -8.5% 29.4% 25.8% 21.5% 16.5% 10.4% 18.3% 26.6% 35.3% 35.32%
EBITDA — — — — 2.5% 1.3% 1.4% -31.1% 64.8% 88.9% 1.9% 2.3% 9.0% 12.3% -42.2% -4.7% 40.8% 33.9% 1.5% 1.47%
Op. Income — — — — 2.6% 1.5% 9.7% -31.8% 31.4% 45.0% 1.3% 1.9% 31.4% 36.9% -31.2% 6.2% 38.7% 32.2% 1.4% 1.38%
OCF Growth snapshot only 33.15%
Asset Growth snapshot only 53.92%
Equity Growth snapshot only 89.95%
Debt Growth snapshot only 42.99%
Shares Change snapshot only 3.43%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 20.99%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 77.0% 56.4% 31.3% 34.5% 45.0% 50.7% 48.2% 48.24%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 69.9% 50.9% 3.8% 15.6% 26.7% 34.7% 51.3% 51.27%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 79.1% 66.4% 14.2% 26.0% 34.0% 40.3% 60.0% 60.02%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 85.1% 69.8% 19.7% 28.8% 36.2% 41.6% 60.9% 60.92%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 82.4% 63.6% 25.0% 26.0% 30.4% 32.2% 44.5% 44.48%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 84.2% 69.8% 20.9% 27.4% 33.8% 37.9% 56.6% 56.57%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Assets 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 37.3% 33.7% 35.1% 30.9% 25.2% 24.9% 33.5% 33.45%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Equity 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 51.8% 48.5% 41.1% 39.7% 35.2% 38.1% 59.6% 59.63%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 44.0% 34.7% 28.2% 28.2% 27.9% 32.5% 50.9% 50.91%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 29.0% 15.0% 9.9% 7.3% 7.2% 5.8% 1.9% 1.87%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Revenue Stability — — — — — — — — 0.94 0.97 0.85 0.62 0.95 0.93 0.88 0.85 0.95 0.99 0.90 0.903
Earnings Stability — — — — — — — — 1.00 0.98 0.75 0.52 0.87 0.92 0.22 0.59 0.93 0.96 0.58 0.579
Margin Stability — — — — — — — — 0.82 0.76 0.96 0.96 0.84 0.79 0.90 0.91 0.85 0.82 0.90 0.903
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 1.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence — — — — — — — — 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.99 0.99 0.50 0.96 0.83 0.86 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness — — — — 0.00 0.23 0.99 0.50 0.46 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.97 0.97 0.30 0.90 0.65 0.70 0.06 0.059
ROE Trend — — — — — — — — 0.10 0.11 0.10 0.09 -0.07 -0.05 -0.14 -0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.03 -0.031
Gross Margin Trend — — — — — — — — 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 -0.07 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.05 -0.03 0.00 0.003
FCF Margin Trend — — — — — — — — -0.33 -0.19 -0.05 0.05 0.06 0.12 0.11 0.21 0.16 0.13 0.11 0.112
Sustainable Growth Rate 11.7% 14.9% 25.7% 30.6% 29.3% 27.9% 22.3% 16.3% 32.8% 35.7% 41.9% 38.7% 18.6% 21.8% 9.1% 20.7% 21.2% 22.9% 23.9% 23.92%
Internal Growth Rate 2.2% 2.8% 5.6% 6.6% 6.1% 5.0% 4.3% 3.0% 7.6% 7.0% 9.6% 8.4% 4.6% 5.1% 2.2% 5.2% 5.6% 5.7% 6.9% 6.87%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.76 1.10 0.85 0.82 -0.02 -1.02 -2.33 -4.23 -1.41 -1.20 -0.78 -0.66 -0.94 -0.86 -1.40 -0.76 -0.60 -0.50 -0.34 -0.336
FCF/OCF 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 26.62 1.62 1.35 1.26 1.31 1.37 1.45 1.56 1.50 1.44 1.39 1.33 1.33 1.34 1.34 1.341
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -0.451
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only -0.208
CapEx/Revenue 3.9% 4.8% 5.2% 5.3% 6.8% 8.6% 8.5% 9.7% 8.0% 7.4% 5.8% 5.6% 4.9% 4.0% 4.2% 2.6% 2.1% 1.9% 1.5% 1.50%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 3.416
Accruals Ratio 0.01 -0.00 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.17 0.18 0.15 0.11 0.12 0.09 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.108
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.236
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only -1.053
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.250
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Dividend Yield 1.8% 2.3% 3.8% 4.1% 2.8% 2.0% 2.0% 1.6% 2.0% 2.2% 2.6% 2.8% 3.0% 3.0% 4.1% 4.6% 3.4% 2.9% 3.1% 8.45%
Dividend/Share $12.11 $27.65 $41.64 $54.52 $46.47 $41.42 $38.57 $37.54 $59.65 $75.97 $97.68 $114.18 $128.11 $144.62 $162.70 $181.51 $189.20 $196.96 $196.85 $232.67
Payout Ratio 11.5% 16.7% 13.0% 12.5% 12.6% 12.9% 13.9% 15.5% 9.6% 12.9% 12.4% 15.3% 24.8% 25.5% 45.4% 27.0% 25.2% 25.2% 20.5% 20.46%
FCF Payout Ratio 30.8% 30.8% 30.8% 30.8% — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Payout Ratio 38.0% 55.3% 42.9% 41.4% 35.8% 30.0% 23.8% 15.5% 13.2% 20.0% 20.4% 26.0% 36.2% 32.4% 50.9% 27.1% 28.6% 31.9% 28.2% 28.24%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — 2.77 0.77 0.10 -0.24 0.34 0.99 1.75 2.64 1.54 1.07 0.81 0.65 0.49 0.37 0.28 0.283
Buyback Yield 4.2% 5.4% 8.9% 9.5% 5.1% 2.7% 1.4% 0.0% 0.8% 1.2% 1.7% 2.0% 1.4% 0.8% 0.5% 0.0% 0.5% 0.8% 1.2% 1.19%
Net Buyback Yield 4.2% 5.4% 8.9% 9.5% 1.9% -2.4% -6.6% -9.1% -5.5% -3.1% -1.6% -0.4% -1.7% -2.7% -4.7% -6.3% -2.9% -1.1% 0.2% 0.25%
Total Shareholder Return 6.1% 7.7% 12.7% 13.6% 4.7% -0.4% -4.6% -7.5% -3.5% -0.8% 1.0% 2.4% 1.3% 0.3% -0.6% -1.7% 0.5% 1.9% 3.4% 3.39%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.70 0.70 0.67 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.72 0.71 0.75 0.74 0.72 0.71 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.692
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.94 0.92 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.90 0.87 0.83 0.92 0.91 0.93 0.93 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.91 0.910
EBIT Margin 0.15 0.14 0.19 0.19 0.21 0.22 0.17 0.15 0.27 0.25 0.25 0.23 0.17 0.17 0.14 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.21 0.208
Asset Turnover 0.24 0.37 0.51 0.56 0.49 0.41 0.46 0.39 0.42 0.44 0.59 0.60 0.56 0.63 0.50 0.65 0.68 0.66 0.62 0.618
Equity Multiplier 5.43 5.53 4.84 4.94 5.13 5.82 5.43 5.55 4.64 5.45 4.80 4.97 4.20 4.48 4.24 4.21 3.97 4.27 3.72 3.720
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $105.47 $165.26 $320.77 $434.88 $369.01 $320.06 $277.89 $241.93 $624.04 $588.88 $787.94 $747.98 $516.93 $568.00 $358.43 $671.27 $751.41 $781.42 $961.89 $961.89
Book Value/Share $799.78 $922.51 $1084.07 $1244.08 $1383.05 $1205.68 $1219.55 $1358.20 $2096.86 $1749.13 $2161.32 $2135.42 $2387.36 $2255.67 $2281.96 $2618.83 $2890.59 $2805.75 $4191.00 $1288.59
Tangible Book/Share $780.13 $900.11 $1061.62 $1221.62 $1362.63 $1186.18 $1200.00 $1337.76 $2089.53 $1742.48 $2154.69 $2129.11 $2381.23 $2249.60 $2275.87 $2612.12 $2884.05 $2799.19 $4184.75 $4184.75
Revenue/Share $1043.68 $1913.11 $2684.24 $3445.20 $2764.66 $2377.65 $2670.48 $2727.18 $3352.20 $3482.24 $4662.29 $4884.08 $4943.25 $5467.42 $4557.21 $6475.98 $7127.17 $7189.23 $7349.07 $2005.85
FCF/Share $39.36 $89.84 $135.31 $177.15 $-196.71 $-530.34 $-876.34 $-1288.68 $-1147.76 $-964.68 $-883.28 $-766.08 $-727.89 $-707.41 $-693.89 $-681.73 $-604.39 $-527.69 $-433.92 $0.00
OCF/Share $79.71 $181.95 $274.04 $358.77 $-7.39 $-326.39 $-648.48 $-1023.67 $-878.63 $-705.87 $-610.82 $-492.58 $-486.03 $-490.82 $-500.57 $-511.68 $-452.88 $-394.56 $-323.52 $0.00
Cash/Share $518.63 $660.70 $997.42 $1158.85 $1283.68 $664.50 $924.77 $1044.97 $1741.51 $1127.43 $1721.93 $1769.45 $2006.07 $1620.07 $1084.54 $1896.02 $2159.35 $1549.10 $2984.96 $856.78
EBITDA/Share $160.69 $259.28 $508.83 $670.13 $581.27 $512.93 $442.86 $426.02 $933.98 $901.78 $1203.08 $1168.65 $869.71 $946.90 $653.63 $1105.86 $1244.25 $1288.22 $1558.91 $1558.91
Debt/Share $2980.67 $3510.60 $3407.15 $4323.38 $4849.49 $5665.33 $5511.80 $6441.19 $6500.84 $6787.46 $6349.29 $6665.82 $6710.42 $6393.44 $6863.45 $7353.83 $7644.95 $8962.56 $9488.83 $9488.83
Net Debt/Share $2462.04 $2849.90 $2409.73 $3164.53 $3565.82 $5000.83 $4587.03 $5396.22 $4759.34 $5660.03 $4627.36 $4896.37 $4704.35 $4773.37 $5778.91 $5457.82 $5485.60 $7413.46 $6503.87 $6503.87
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.126
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 5.449
Piotroski F-Score 3 4 3 3 6 5 2 2 5 4 5 4 4 5 1 4 6 5 6 6
Beneish M-Score — — — — -3.52 -2.49 -1.32 -2.06 -1.22 -1.12 -1.59 -1.83 -2.42 -1.97 -1.35 -0.65 -1.47 -2.08 -1.90 -1.898
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -8.401
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 17.16%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $2733.02
EVA snapshot only $5446369.49
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB-
Credit Score 41.36 47.41 51.41 51.48 47.93 46.54 42.53 40.94 45.88 46.47 56.68 55.93 53.15 57.16 46.08 56.50 55.93 53.33 54.83 54.829
Credit Grade snapshot only 10
Credit Trend snapshot only 8.749
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 350.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 52
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 66

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For informational purposes only. Not investment advice. Data sourced from SEC filings. Privacy Terms