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Also trades as: DNTUY (OTC) · $vol 0M · DNTUF (OTC) · $vol 0M

4324.T JPX

Dentsu Group Inc.
1W: -0.8% 1M: -4.0% 3M: +14.8% YTD: +18.9% 1Y: +12.9% 3Y: -16.9% 5Y: +2.6%
¥3,537.00 ($22.41)
-19.00 (-0.53%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.2%
¥3325 ¥3441 ¥3556 ¥3671 ¥3787
JPX · Communication Services · Advertising Agencies · Tech Score Sell · Power 39 · ¥923.1B mcap · 197M float · 0.619% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
1
ROA
1
D/E
1
P/E
1
P/B
2
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. 4324.T receives an overall rating of C. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5). Areas of concern: ROE (1/5), ROA (1/5), D/E (1/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-09-24 None ADDED
2026-09-23 EXISTED None
2026-08-17 C+ C
2026-05-18 C C+
2026-05-07 None ADDED
2026-05-06 EXISTED None
2026-04-01 C+ C
2026-01-05 None ADDED
2026-01-04 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 35 Grade D
Profitability
26
Balance Sheet
32
Earnings Quality
33
Growth
70
Value
31
Momentum
66
Safety
15
Cash Flow
47
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. 4324.T scores highest in Growth (70/100) and lowest in Safety (15/100). A grade of D flags significant fundamental concerns across multiple dimensions.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
0.62
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-3.05
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-7.70
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
B+
Score: 34.0/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
—
OCF/NI: -0.85x
Accruals: -12.3%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. 4324.T scores 0.62, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. 4324.T scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. 4324.T's score of -3.05 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. 4324.T's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. 4324.T receives an estimated rating of B+ (score: 34.0/100), with a stable trend.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
-4.44x
PEG
-0.54x
P/S
0.63x
P/B
2.17x
P/FCF
5.40x
P/OCF
4.58x
EV/EBITDA
-12.40x
EV/Revenue
0.61x
EV/EBIT
-6.14x
EV/FCF
5.96x
Earnings Yield
-25.76%
FCF Yield
18.52%
Shareholder Yield
0.00%
Graham Number
—
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. 4324.T currently has negative earnings — the P/E ratio is not meaningful.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
1.117
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.283
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
-0.099
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.473
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
6.193
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
-41.4%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. 4324.T's ROE of -41.4% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 6.19x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance. A tax burden ratio of 1.12 indicates minimal tax leakage — the company retains over 90% of pre-tax earnings.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
—
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$3556.00
Median 1Y
$3322.73
5th Pctile
$1862.91
95th Pctile
$5892.02
Ann. Volatility
35.4%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE -7.7% 13.5% 15.4% 13.3% 7.3% 7.1% 5.6% 3.7% 2.7% -1.2% -1.9% -2.2% -3.6% -25.0% -24.8% -36.6% -35.6% -61.1% -54.3% -41.4% -41.39%
ROA -2.0% 3.1% 3.7% 3.2% 1.8% 1.6% 1.4% 0.9% 0.7% -0.3% -0.5% -0.6% -0.9% -5.4% -5.6% -7.9% -7.8% -9.8% -9.3% -6.7% -6.68%
ROIC -27.6% 19.9% 19.1% 16.8% 9.3% 14.8% 11.3% 11.0% 6.0% -1.7% -3.2% -5.2% -55.7% 12.7% 12.3% 14.9% 14.1% 21.4% 19.6% 23.7% 23.71%
ROCE 1.8% 12.8% 14.0% 12.7% 7.3% 7.5% 6.9% 5.4% 5.5% 3.7% -9.3% -8.7% -11.7% -7.7% 8.3% 3.2% 5.7% -25.8% -21.3% -13.3% -13.30%
Gross Margin 90.8% 90.1% 90.0% 90.2% 89.1% 89.9% 88.3% 88.0% 84.9% 89.7% 86.8% 84.1% 82.4% 87.2% 83.2% 81.1% 87.6% 82.2% 82.6% 80.0% 79.95%
Operating Margin 45.2% 13.5% 14.2% 13.2% 12.0% 18.8% 8.4% 4.6% 8.1% 15.3% 6.5% 7.0% 7.7% 16.4% 8.1% 8.0% 11.3% 13.3% 8.8% 7.7% 7.74%
Net Margin 23.3% 2.1% 8.3% 6.4% 5.2% 0.7% 3.9% 1.2% 2.0% -8.8% 1.7% 0.0% -1.2% -50.3% 1.8% -23.6% 3.7% -63.2% 11.2% 1.7% 1.70%
EBITDA Margin 50.6% 15.2% 22.9% 18.6% 14.5% 11.9% 14.6% 10.2% 15.4% 4.6% -53.8% 10.1% 6.5% 23.9% 13.3% -11.9% 16.8% -61.9% 24.4% 12.8% 12.76%
FCF Margin 9.7% 10.9% 10.5% 4.7% 0.6% 5.0% 1.8% 9.3% 6.9% 3.6% 1.5% -5.1% 3.8% 2.4% 9.7% 10.4% 10.4% 6.3% 7.6% 10.2% 10.17%
OCF Margin 11.7% 12.9% 12.2% 6.3% 2.2% 6.5% 3.2% 11.3% 9.1% 5.8% 3.9% -3.1% 5.5% 4.3% 11.3% 11.9% 12.3% 8.2% 9.4% 12.0% 11.99%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only -32.68%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only -16.34%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only -5.31%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only -1.84%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 14.26%
Cash ROA snapshot only 5.74%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 34.64%
CROIC snapshot only 29.37%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 8.21%
Pretax Margin snapshot only -12.66%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 72.58%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio -15.24 9.13 9.51 8.71 15.50 17.01 23.77 34.32 45.54 -87.41 -63.74 -50.04 -35.22 -5.04 -4.38 -3.06 -3.29 -2.63 -2.40 -3.88 -4.445
P/S Ratio 1.00 0.91 1.08 0.86 0.84 0.83 0.92 0.91 0.87 0.72 0.82 0.74 0.79 0.69 0.59 0.59 0.60 0.60 0.49 0.55 0.629
P/B Ratio 1.20 1.17 1.39 1.11 1.10 1.18 1.33 1.26 1.24 1.11 1.24 1.13 1.31 1.39 1.26 1.43 1.41 2.30 1.69 1.90 2.174
P/FCF 10.35 8.34 10.26 18.33 134.04 16.65 50.49 9.83 12.49 20.20 54.47 -14.62 20.94 28.22 6.07 5.65 5.80 9.48 6.40 5.40 5.400
P/OCF 8.53 7.08 8.82 13.61 38.75 12.83 28.42 8.12 9.56 12.44 21.01 — 14.37 16.13 5.19 4.92 4.90 7.31 5.16 4.58 4.578
EV/EBITDA 8.69 2.79 3.56 3.01 5.36 4.67 6.72 7.22 8.22 8.81 -17.12 -16.87 -13.61 -37.77 5.55 8.48 7.29 -5.20 -5.69 -12.40 -12.399
EV/Revenue 0.97 0.78 1.03 0.80 0.95 0.78 0.99 0.92 1.07 0.97 1.04 0.93 1.02 0.79 0.76 0.72 0.80 0.72 0.62 0.61 0.606
EV/EBIT 31.14 3.78 4.67 3.98 8.35 7.50 11.52 13.87 15.46 19.93 -8.53 -8.11 -7.68 -10.07 9.40 24.33 14.68 -3.78 -3.87 -6.14 -6.140
EV/FCF 10.07 7.12 9.80 17.08 150.64 15.50 54.11 9.90 15.46 27.16 69.40 -18.32 27.10 32.59 7.87 6.95 7.72 11.38 8.18 5.96 5.961
Earnings Yield -6.6% 11.0% 10.5% 11.5% 6.5% 5.9% 4.2% 2.9% 2.2% -1.1% -1.6% -2.0% -2.8% -19.9% -22.9% -32.7% -30.4% -38.0% -41.8% -25.8% -25.76%
FCF Yield 9.7% 12.0% 9.7% 5.5% 0.7% 6.0% 2.0% 10.2% 8.0% 5.0% 1.8% -6.8% 4.8% 3.5% 16.5% 17.7% 17.2% 10.6% 15.6% 18.5% 18.52%
EV/OCF snapshot only 5.054
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 0.730
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 5.833
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 0.00%
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.21 1.19 1.19 1.18 1.18 1.15 1.07 0.98 1.00 1.10 1.10 1.11 1.05 1.05 1.06 1.08 1.10 1.07 1.08 1.08 1.084
Quick Ratio 1.19 1.18 1.19 1.18 1.17 1.15 1.07 0.98 1.00 1.10 1.09 1.10 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.08 1.09 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.071
Debt/Equity 0.68 0.69 0.66 0.64 0.68 0.60 0.61 0.51 0.63 0.85 0.65 0.62 0.67 0.79 0.85 0.97 0.85 1.25 1.08 1.06 1.060
Net Debt/Equity -0.03 -0.17 -0.06 -0.08 0.14 -0.08 0.10 0.01 0.30 0.38 0.34 0.29 0.38 0.22 0.37 0.33 0.47 0.46 0.47 0.20 0.197
Debt/Assets 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.14 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.16 0.15 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.147
Debt/EBITDA 5.07 1.91 1.77 1.88 2.94 2.57 2.86 2.88 3.36 4.99 -7.09 -7.34 -5.42 -18.49 2.88 4.65 3.28 -2.35 -2.86 -6.27 -6.272
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.25 -0.48 -0.17 -0.22 0.59 -0.34 0.45 0.06 1.58 2.26 -3.68 -3.41 -3.10 -5.07 1.27 1.58 1.81 -0.87 -1.24 -1.17 -1.167
Interest Coverage 0.81 5.54 6.30 7.05 4.03 3.13 2.72 2.05 2.40 1.66 -4.48 -4.06 -5.27 -3.57 3.70 1.66 2.75 -9.66 -8.36 -5.05 -5.050
Equity Multiplier 4.04 4.40 4.13 4.12 4.06 4.25 4.03 3.93 3.99 4.32 4.12 4.14 4.03 5.03 4.90 5.44 5.24 8.55 7.30 7.22 7.221
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.185
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only -2.501
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.814
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.332
Defensive Interval snapshot only 689.1 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.37 0.38 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.43 0.43 0.46 0.47 0.473
Inventory Turnover 3.52 4.90 126.47 6.86 5.24 10.43 45.12 19.75 17.85 31.74 19.51 16.29 21.73 33.51 15.34 13.83 14.24 30.50 11.98 11.49 11.490
Receivables Turnover (trade) 0.83 0.78 0.83 0.87 0.83 0.82 0.88 0.90 0.86 0.86 0.89 0.93 0.94 0.89 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.82 0.90 0.96 0.962
Payables Turnover 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.15 0.14 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.173
DSO (trade) 440 470 438 419 440 445 416 405 423 423 411 391 389 410 394 392 398 445 406 379 379.4 days
DIO 104 75 3 53 70 35 8 18 20 12 19 22 17 11 24 26 26 12 30 32 31.8 days
DPO 3854 4541 4162 4259 3952 4222 3691 3680 3146 3425 2996 2825 2474 2698 2283 2220 2337 2474 2209 2111 2111.3 days
Cash Conversion Cycle (trade) -3311 -3997 -3721 -3787 -3443 -3742 -3267 -3256 -2702 -2991 -2567 -2411 -2068 -2277 -1865 -1802 -1913 -2017 -1773 -1700 -1700.1 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 10.621
Operating Cycle snapshot only 411.2 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 4.009
Capital Intensity snapshot only 2.088
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 6.1% 15.6% 20.2% 20.2% 15.3% 14.6% 12.2% 8.7% 8.1% 4.8% 5.6% 8.8% 7.9% 8.2% 6.9% 2.3% 0.2% 1.7% 1.7% 3.9% 3.87%
Net Income 9.6% 1.7% 1.7% 1.8% 2.0% -43.7% -61.5% -70.5% -62.2% -1.2% -1.3% -1.6% -2.3% -16.9% -10.2% -12.3% -7.2% -70.5% -53.4% 23.5% 23.47%
EPS 8.6% 1.7% 1.8% 1.8% 2.0% -43.7% -61.5% -69.5% -62.2% -1.2% -1.3% -1.6% -2.3% -17.9% -10.8% -12.4% -7.2% -70.5% -53.2% 23.7% 23.69%
FCF -16.4% 77.6% 23.6% -56.4% -92.5% -47.4% -80.5% 1.2% 10.9% -25.6% -13.6% -1.6% -41.5% -26.0% 5.9% 3.1% 1.8% 1.7% -20.3% 1.7% 1.74%
EBITDA 86.5% 7.4% 7.5% 50.2% 82.2% -31.5% -42.8% -47.5% -20.3% -30.9% -1.4% -1.5% -1.6% -1.2% 3.4% 2.6% 2.5% -5.7% -1.8% -1.6% -1.60%
Op. Income 3.4% 2.8% 2.9% 3.9% 2.0% -27.9% -36.7% -42.0% -15.3% -32.9% -29.4% -10.2% -3.4% 10.5% 19.8% 12.2% 20.7% 9.4% 6.7% 5.2% 5.18%
OCF Growth snapshot only 4.50%
Asset Growth snapshot only -2.63%
Equity Growth snapshot only -26.66%
Debt Growth snapshot only -19.53%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.28%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -1.00%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 1.3% 2.1% 3.1% 4.2% 4.8% 5.9% 6.3% 8.0% 9.8% 11.6% 12.5% 12.4% 10.4% 9.1% 8.2% 6.5% 5.4% 4.9% 4.7% 4.9% 4.95%
Revenue 5Y 5.6% 5.3% 5.3% 5.7% 5.7% 6.0% 6.0% 5.5% 5.3% 5.1% 5.3% 6.0% 6.1% 6.1% 6.3% 7.0% 7.4% 8.9% 9.1% 8.6% 8.59%
EPS 3Y — 7.3% 19.4% 14.7% 22.0% — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EPS 5Y — 6.2% 9.5% 8.5% -2.7% -9.9% -12.5% -15.9% -26.7% — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 3Y — 6.3% 18.3% 13.6% 20.9% — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 5Y — 5.4% 8.6% 7.9% -3.3% -10.4% -13.0% -16.9% -27.1% — — — — — — — — — — — —
EBITDA 3Y -13.3% 20.8% 24.6% 21.7% 4.5% 33.5% 22.9% 22.7% 39.4% — — — — — -15.5% -27.0% -10.2% — — — —
EBITDA 5Y -6.2% 11.5% 12.9% 13.1% 5.1% 2.8% 1.4% -1.9% -1.1% -3.6% — — — — 14.4% 6.5% 19.8% — — — —
Gross Profit 3Y 0.1% 1.5% 2.7% 4.1% 4.6% 5.9% 6.3% 7.9% 9.4% 11.1% 11.9% 11.3% 8.8% 7.2% 5.8% 3.9% 3.4% 2.3% 2.2% 2.6% 2.57%
Gross Profit 5Y 4.7% 4.4% 4.3% 4.8% 4.6% 4.9% 4.9% 4.4% 4.2% 4.2% 4.5% 5.0% 5.0% 5.0% 5.0% 5.6% 6.5% 7.5% 7.7% 7.1% 7.05%
Op. Income 3Y -26.3% 31.5% 39.2% 40.7% 20.3% — 1.4% 1.7% — — — — 34.8% -18.8% -18.8% -16.4% -0.4% -6.7% -3.4% 1.9% 1.95%
Op. Income 5Y -14.5% 13.0% 14.0% 14.8% 6.1% 5.9% 5.7% 1.7% 0.3% 1.9% 3.8% 7.7% 7.3% — 63.9% 81.8% — — — — —
FCF 3Y -3.4% 5.4% 96.4% 36.0% 52.2% 9.3% -31.5% 11.6% -9.2% -11.5% -40.7% — -19.4% -33.9% 5.3% 39.1% 1.7% 13.4% 68.3% 8.1% 8.08%
FCF 5Y 10.0% -0.4% 11.2% -5.4% -33.9% -11.3% -27.0% -0.1% -4.2% -14.5% 5.1% — 89.8% -6.4% 14.0% 11.5% 3.9% 6.4% 2.8% 3.6% 3.63%
OCF 3Y -5.3% 1.6% 42.6% 10.5% -10.0% 0.4% -26.4% 8.2% -7.0% -5.2% -23.9% — -14.4% -24.6% 5.5% 31.9% 87.5% 13.4% 49.3% 7.2% 7.19%
OCF 5Y 9.6% -0.5% 8.5% -4.9% -20.7% -10.6% -21.8% -1.0% -3.9% -10.8% 1.8% — 16.4% -5.6% 9.4% 8.4% 3.3% 6.0% 3.1% 3.7% 3.73%
Assets 3Y 0.3% 0.7% -1.1% 0.6% 1.7% -0.5% 1.1% 2.1% 2.6% 2.4% 2.8% 3.5% -1.1% -1.9% -3.2% -5.5% -5.6% -5.0% -4.8% -5.3% -5.31%
Assets 5Y 5.4% 3.4% 3.0% 3.3% 3.0% 1.0% 1.2% 1.7% 0.7% -0.0% -0.5% 0.5% -0.8% -1.6% -0.9% -1.5% -1.3% -1.0% -1.8% -1.9% -1.93%
Equity 3Y -8.8% -6.9% -6.4% -4.9% -3.1% -3.3% 1.0% 0.4% -0.4% 3.6% 3.8% 3.1% -1.0% -6.2% -8.5% -13.8% -13.4% -24.8% -21.9% -22.7% -22.72%
Book Value 3Y -8.4% -6.0% -5.5% -4.0% -2.2% -2.5% 1.1% 2.2% 0.4% 4.5% 4.7% 5.5% 1.4% -4.5% -7.0% -12.2% -11.8% -23.4% -20.5% -22.2% -22.21%
Dividend 3Y -7.3% -6.8% 18.6% 18.6% 22.1% 22.1% 8.3% 10.1% 6.2% 6.2% -2.7% -1.4% -5.2% -5.7% 1.2% 1.3% -17.7% -17.7% — — —
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.68 0.55 0.51 0.64 0.73 0.64 0.63 0.70 0.74 0.69 0.69 0.76 0.86 0.92 0.96 0.99 0.96 0.94 0.93 0.93 0.928
Earnings Stability 0.67 0.15 0.11 0.11 0.24 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.09 0.16 0.34 0.30 0.31 0.311
Margin Stability 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.967
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.91 0.906
Earnings Smoothness — — — — — 0.44 0.11 0.00 0.10 — — — — — — — — — — — —
ROE Trend -0.06 0.28 0.29 0.25 0.15 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.03 -0.11 -0.12 -0.10 -0.09 -0.30 -0.31 -0.48 -0.42 -0.73 -0.55 -0.24 -0.243
Gross Margin Trend 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.020
FCF Margin Trend 0.03 0.05 0.02 -0.06 -0.10 -0.04 -0.09 0.01 0.02 -0.04 -0.05 -0.12 -0.00 -0.02 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.08 0.075
Sustainable Growth Rate — 10.9% 11.5% 9.5% 3.1% 2.8% 0.9% -0.8% -2.1% — — — — — — — — — — — —
Internal Growth Rate — 2.5% 2.8% 2.4% 0.8% 0.6% 0.2% — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income -1.79 1.29 1.08 0.64 0.40 1.33 0.84 4.22 4.76 -7.02 -3.03 2.12 -2.45 -0.31 -0.84 -0.62 -0.67 -0.36 -0.46 -0.85 -0.848
FCF/OCF 0.82 0.85 0.86 0.74 0.29 0.77 0.56 0.83 0.77 0.62 0.39 1.62 0.69 0.57 0.85 0.87 0.84 0.77 0.81 0.85 0.848
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -0.719
CapEx/Revenue 2.1% 1.9% 1.7% 1.6% 1.5% 1.5% 1.4% 1.9% 2.1% 2.2% 2.4% 1.9% 1.7% 1.8% 1.6% 1.5% 1.9% 1.9% 1.8% 1.8% 1.82%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.366
Accruals Ratio -0.06 -0.01 -0.00 0.01 0.01 -0.01 0.00 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 0.01 -0.03 -0.07 -0.10 -0.13 -0.13 -0.13 -0.14 -0.12 -0.123
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.020
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 6.571
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 2.0% 2.1% 2.7% 3.3% 3.7% 3.6% 3.5% 3.5% 3.9% 4.6% 3.4% 3.6% 3.1% 3.5% 4.3% 4.4% 2.2% 2.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Dividend/Share $75.01 $76.19 $118.69 $118.69 $135.08 $135.08 $150.17 $155.07 $157.67 $157.67 $134.54 $140.17 $132.23 $132.24 $139.43 $139.84 $69.75 $69.75 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Payout Ratio — 19.3% 25.5% 28.4% 56.9% 60.7% 84.0% 1.2% 1.8% — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Payout Ratio 20.8% 17.6% 27.6% 59.7% 4.9% 59.4% 1.8% 34.8% 48.2% 93.2% 1.9% — 65.4% 1.0% 26.3% 24.7% 12.5% 19.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Payout Ratio — 47.0% 54.5% 82.4% 1.3% 1.3% 1.5% 1.5% 1.8% — — — — — — — — — — — —
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — — —
Chowder Number -0.19 -0.19 0.65 0.66 0.81 0.81 0.30 0.30 0.21 0.21 -0.07 -0.07 -0.17 -0.17 0.03 0.03 -0.45 -0.45 — — —
Buyback Yield 1.9% 3.0% 3.1% 6.2% 4.9% 3.9% 2.8% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.5% 1.8% 2.1% 2.4% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield 1.9% 3.0% 3.1% 6.2% 4.9% 3.9% 2.8% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.5% 1.8% 2.1% 2.4% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Shareholder Return 3.9% 5.1% 5.7% 9.5% 8.6% 7.4% 6.4% 4.2% 3.9% 4.6% 3.4% 5.1% 4.9% 5.6% 6.7% 5.0% 2.2% 2.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) -4.86 0.52 0.55 0.53 0.55 0.60 0.60 0.62 0.43 -0.32 -0.60 -0.68 -6.22 1.38 1.39 1.32 1.43 1.06 1.10 1.12 1.117
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.43 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.87 0.78 0.76 0.64 0.64 0.52 -0.18 -0.19 -0.03 1.26 -1.20 -4.90 -2.34 1.13 1.15 1.28 1.283
EBIT Margin 0.03 0.21 0.22 0.20 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.05 -0.12 -0.11 -0.13 -0.08 0.08 0.03 0.05 -0.19 -0.16 -0.10 -0.099
Asset Turnover 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.37 0.38 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.43 0.43 0.46 0.47 0.473
Equity Multiplier 3.84 4.43 4.19 4.11 4.05 4.33 4.08 4.02 4.03 4.28 4.08 4.03 4.01 4.64 4.46 4.65 4.53 6.26 5.82 6.19 6.193
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $-244.69 $395.34 $464.70 $418.60 $237.29 $222.55 $178.69 $127.50 $89.69 $-39.09 $-62.15 $-77.79 $-120.19 $-740.39 $-735.41 $-1045.48 $-983.15 $-1262.03 $-1126.86 $-797.81 $-797.81
Book Value/Share $3112.64 $3082.18 $3172.25 $3298.71 $3331.37 $3210.69 $3189.98 $3464.57 $3283.91 $3069.85 $3205.51 $3437.40 $3240.95 $2684.72 $2555.43 $2230.45 $2289.05 $1444.05 $1600.74 $1631.19 $1871.18
Tangible Book/Share $18.66 $-50.02 $-190.91 $-361.92 $-408.36 $-298.48 $-402.40 $-875.53 $-961.57 $-832.35 $-859.03 $-983.76 $-864.57 $-785.59 $-779.12 $-729.49 $-716.53 $-475.66 $-290.63 $-271.39 $-271.39
Revenue/Share $3725.59 $3959.59 $4101.10 $4263.50 $4362.87 $4536.95 $4601.14 $4785.53 $4716.33 $4756.19 $4857.07 $5252.02 $5377.45 $5436.03 $5466.73 $5447.07 $5389.85 $5529.06 $5552.35 $5642.14 $5657.83
FCF/Share $360.13 $432.87 $430.74 $198.91 $27.44 $227.49 $84.13 $445.34 $327.08 $169.15 $72.72 $-266.26 $202.19 $132.15 $529.76 $565.33 $558.07 $350.78 $421.72 $573.57 $575.17
OCF/Share $437.12 $509.60 $500.79 $267.92 $94.93 $295.06 $149.46 $538.61 $427.24 $274.53 $188.52 $-164.69 $294.60 $231.10 $619.92 $649.22 $660.71 $454.47 $523.48 $676.53 $678.41
Cash/Share $2217.62 $2639.05 $2291.45 $2365.63 $1815.19 $2202.09 $1636.90 $1725.07 $1097.30 $1424.96 $1003.49 $1138.17 $936.08 $1530.25 $1210.61 $1422.49 $866.61 $1137.15 $981.75 $1407.42 $1411.34
EBITDA/Share $417.00 $1103.26 $1183.83 $1128.42 $771.86 $755.23 $677.53 $611.32 $614.84 $521.67 $-294.88 $-289.11 $-402.61 $-114.03 $751.60 $463.48 $590.63 $-767.68 $-606.54 $-275.74 $-275.74
Debt/Share $2113.92 $2112.54 $2092.56 $2116.94 $2270.73 $1941.99 $1941.00 $1760.56 $2067.47 $2602.29 $2089.37 $2122.63 $2183.02 $2108.49 $2161.79 $2155.15 $1937.02 $1803.83 $1733.76 $1729.31 $1729.31
Net Debt/Share $-103.70 $-526.51 $-198.89 $-248.69 $455.54 $-260.10 $304.11 $35.49 $970.18 $1177.33 $1085.87 $984.45 $1246.94 $578.24 $951.18 $732.66 $1070.41 $666.68 $752.00 $321.89 $321.89
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.620
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 0.470
Piotroski F-Score 8 9 9 7 6 6 5 6 6 4 5 3 5 5 4 4 6 5 5 5 5
Beneish M-Score -2.62 -2.39 -2.38 -2.25 -2.29 -2.44 -2.41 -2.60 -2.57 -2.54 -2.50 -2.28 -2.59 -2.78 -3.02 -3.32 -3.23 -3.14 -3.16 -3.05 -3.047
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -7.703
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-1684.87
EVA snapshot only $69694050000.00
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only B+
Credit Score 28.10 46.78 51.61 47.87 38.44 43.20 36.77 38.16 37.01 31.35 28.37 26.25 29.89 29.40 43.17 33.41 37.71 30.29 31.63 33.99 33.992
Credit Grade snapshot only 14
Credit Trend snapshot only 0.581
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 650.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 20
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 27

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