— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: AFG (NYSE) · $vol 62M · AFGD (NYSE) · $vol 0M · AFGC (NYSE) · $vol 0M · AFGE (NYSE) · $vol 0M

AFGB NYSE

American Financial Group, Inc.
1W: -3.6% 1M: -7.3% 3M: +0.7% YTD: -4.5% 1Y: -7.0% 3Y: +11.4% 5Y: -0.9%
$20.66
-0.26 (-1.24%)
After Hours: $18.16 (-2.50, -12.12%)
Weekly Expected Move ±2.5%
$20 $20 $21 $21 $22
NYSE · Financial Services · Insurance - Property & Casualty · Tech Score Sell · Power 35 · $1.7B mcap · 70M float · 0.022% daily turnover · Short 34% of daily vol
Credit Risk of going bust: not rated, financial company (lending is its business) Bonds: none of note held by US funds details ▾
Not rated: lending and leverage are a financial company's business, which the model misreads.
US fund filings (SEC N-PORT) show under $25M of this company's bonds, so there is no bond page. Its debt may be bank loans or privately placed. How these are computed.

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

S
Oct 27, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
3
P/E
5
P/B
5
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. AFGB receives an overall rating of S. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5), P/E (5/5), P/B (5/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-26 S- S
2026-10-13 A S-
2026-10-12 A- A
2026-08-17 B A-
2026-08-14 A B
2026-08-03 A- A
2026-07-30 A A-
2026-07-27 A- A
2026-07-25 A A-
2026-07-01 A- A

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 55 Grade A
Profitability
54
Balance Sheet
61
Earnings Quality
71
Growth
58
Value
90
Momentum
85
Safety
100
Cash Flow
67
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. AFGB scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Profitability (54/100). An overall grade of A places AFGB among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman-I Score
4.23
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
5.28
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-5.58
Bankruptcy prob: 0.4%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AA+
Score: 92.8/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.64x
Accruals: -1.9%
The Altman-I Score is adapted for insurance companies, emphasizing return on equity, tangible net worth, and cash reserves alongside the standard equity and earnings components. AFGB scores 4.23, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 3.0, distress < 1.5). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. AFGB scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. AFGB's score of 5.28 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. AFGB's implied 0.4% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. AFGB receives an estimated rating of AA+ (score: 92.8/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). AFGB's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
13.21x
PEG
0.52x
P/S
1.54x
P/B
2.60x
P/FCF
1.17x
P/OCF
1.07x
EV/EBITDA
0.89x
EV/Revenue
0.15x
EV/EBIT
0.94x
EV/FCF
0.85x
Earnings Yield
56.81%
FCF Yield
85.31%
Shareholder Yield
39.58%
Graham Number
$122.50
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 13.2x earnings, AFGB trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 56.8% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $122.50 per share, suggesting a potential 493% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.793
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.931
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.159
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.256
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
6.823
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
20.4%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. AFGB's ROE of 20.4% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 6.82x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
4.67%
Fair P/E
17.85x
Intrinsic Value
$204.91
Price/Value
0.10x
Margin of Safety
90.14%
Premium
-90.14%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with AFGB's realized 4.7% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. At an intrinsic value of $204.91, AFGB appears undervalued with a 90% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 17.8x compares to the current market P/E of 13.2x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1652 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$20.73
Median 1Y
$13.95
5th Pctile
$3.11
95th Pctile
$63.27
Ann. Volatility
93.0%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical

Executive Compensation

C-suite compensation breakdown including salary, stock awards, options, and incentive pay. The CEO-to-employee pay ratio and Gini coefficient measure pay distribution fairness.

C-Suite Compensation

ExecutiveSalaryStockTotal
Carl H. Lindner
III Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President (Co-Principal Executive Officer)
$1,150,000 $3,383,360 $7,797,889
S. Craig Lindner
Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President (Co-Principal Executive Officer)
$1,150,000 $3,383,360 $7,741,241
John B. Berding
President of American Money Management
$800,000 $1,082,535 $3,590,158
Joseph E. (Jeff)
Consolino Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
$817,307 $1,007,469 $3,257,097
Vito C. Peraino
Senior Vice President and General Counsel
$535,960 $300,825 $1,800,805
Michelle A. Gillis
Senior Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer
$293,284 $150,695 $852,152

CEO Pay Ratio

Insufficient data for pay ratio.

C-Suite Pay Equality (Gini)

CEO Compensation Mix

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees
8,500
-2.3% YoY
Revenue / Employee
$954,941
Rev: $8,117,000,000
Profit / Employee
$99,059
NI: $842,000,000
SGA / Employee
—
Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 40.3% 33.8% 32.4% 21.3% 21.3% 19.8% 18.7% 21.2% 21.9% 20.5% 21.6% 21.3% 20.6% 20.3% 18.5% 17.2% 17.3% 18.1% 19.4% 20.4% 20.41%
ROA 4.7% 4.2% 3.9% 4.3% 3.9% 3.7% 3.1% 3.6% 3.5% 3.2% 3.3% 3.3% 3.1% 2.9% 3.3% 2.5% 2.4% 2.7% 3.1% 3.0% 2.99%
ROIC 45.2% 42.8% 37.9% 43.7% 42.1% 20.6% 43.4% 43.2% 79.0% 1.0% 75.3% 73.1% 77.9% 8.4% 32.3% 59.1% 56.4% -46.9% 85.6% 58.3% 58.29%
ROCE 5.7% 5.8% 6.5% 6.4% 5.8% 7.1% 2.3% 14.0% 12.4% 8.5% 13.6% 3.1% 1.9% 4.6% 2.6% 1.1% 1.8% 2.1% 11.0% 14.7% 14.72%
Gross Margin 1.1% 1.0% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 96.7% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 48.0% 17.2% 49.8% 49.80%
Operating Margin 17.5% 97.6% 26.4% 15.7% 11.8% 20.5% 1.0% 15.1% 1.0% 98.2% 15.8% 14.6% 1.0% -1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 18.6% 13.0% 15.9% 15.86%
Net Margin 13.2% 20.7% 19.9% 11.4% 8.5% 14.5% 12.9% 11.0% 8.6% 13.2% 12.9% 11.1% 7.9% 11.9% 8.6% 9.3% 9.5% 14.6% 10.4% 12.4% 12.45%
EBITDA Margin 18.1% 0.0% 28.2% 17.5% 13.0% 20.3% 0.0% 16.2% 0.0% 0.0% 18.2% -1.0% 0.0% 28.5% 0.0% 0.0% 12.6% 20.8% 15.6% 18.3% 18.27%
FCF Margin 29.8% 26.4% 24.1% 18.5% 19.0% 15.8% 14.2% 15.2% 17.3% 25.4% 20.3% 17.4% 14.9% 13.7% 17.2% 21.1% 16.7% 18.3% 19.6% 17.6% 17.58%
OCF Margin 31.0% 27.3% 25.3% 20.0% 20.2% 17.0% 15.1% 15.8% 17.8% 26.2% 21.6% 18.8% 15.3% 14.1% 17.1% 20.6% 17.7% 19.3% 20.8% 19.2% 19.24%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 19.00%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 20.74%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 2.78%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 30.47%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 39.21%
Cash ROA snapshot only 4.74%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 35.93%
CROIC snapshot only 32.84%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 31.21%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 14.77%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 0.79 0.90 0.95 1.63 1.67 1.76 1.88 2.11 1.94 2.07 2.09 2.01 2.15 1.99 2.19 2.25 2.36 2.13 1.95 1.76 13.214
P/S Ratio 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.25 0.23 0.22 0.25 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.24 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.23 0.23 0.21 0.21 1.535
P/B Ratio 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.41 0.42 0.39 0.39 0.45 0.42 0.42 0.43 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.38 0.42 0.37 0.37 0.35 2.605
P/FCF 1.00 1.08 1.16 1.44 1.31 1.48 1.56 1.62 1.31 0.92 1.17 1.31 1.60 1.58 1.25 1.01 1.40 1.23 1.09 1.17 1.172
P/OCF 0.96 1.04 1.11 1.33 1.23 1.37 1.47 1.56 1.27 0.90 1.10 1.22 1.56 1.53 1.26 1.03 1.33 1.17 1.03 1.07 1.071
EV/EBITDA 1.00 1.59 2.49 2.46 2.71 1.78 2.44 2.65 3.11 6.96 3.83 7.31 6.40 1.97 3.65 3.17 2.58 -19.08 1.42 0.89 0.892
EV/Revenue 0.18 0.28 0.42 0.38 0.38 0.34 0.31 0.34 0.29 0.27 0.31 0.30 0.26 0.22 0.27 0.24 0.29 -1.70 0.18 0.15 0.149
EV/EBIT 1.16 1.85 2.55 2.48 2.87 2.17 3.39 1.18 1.12 1.21 1.21 3.80 3.33 1.93 3.42 5.87 3.75 -19.69 1.49 0.94 0.941
EV/FCF 0.60 1.07 1.73 2.04 1.99 2.18 2.22 2.23 1.65 1.07 1.54 1.74 1.73 1.64 1.55 1.13 1.71 -9.32 0.90 0.85 0.849
Earnings Yield 1.3% 1.1% 1.1% 61.5% 59.7% 56.8% 53.1% 47.4% 51.6% 48.2% 47.9% 49.8% 46.6% 50.2% 45.8% 44.4% 42.3% 46.8% 51.3% 56.8% 56.81%
FCF Yield 1.0% 92.2% 86.0% 69.4% 76.5% 67.4% 64.1% 61.6% 76.5% 1.1% 85.6% 76.1% 62.6% 63.3% 79.7% 98.9% 71.5% 81.0% 91.6% 85.3% 85.31%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.517
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 0.406
EV/OCF snapshot only 0.775
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 0.266
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 0.379
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 39.58%
Graham Number snapshot only $122.50
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.77 0.65 0.49 0.46 0.47 0.39 — 0.44 0.52 0.13 0.43 0.12 — 0.25 — — — — 0.48 0.50 0.498
Quick Ratio 0.77 0.75 0.49 0.46 0.47 0.49 — 0.44 0.52 0.37 2.23 1.90 — 0.25 — — — — 0.48 0.50 0.498
Debt/Equity 0.40 0.42 0.42 0.41 0.42 0.40 0.38 0.42 0.42 0.35 0.40 0.39 0.31 0.33 0.38 0.33 0.50 0.38 0.39 0.38 0.378
Net Debt/Equity -0.14 -0.01 0.18 0.17 0.22 0.18 0.16 0.17 0.11 0.06 0.14 0.13 0.03 0.02 0.09 0.05 0.09 -3.19 -0.06 -0.10 -0.096
Debt/Assets 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.055
Debt/EBITDA 1.90 1.90 1.94 1.72 1.79 1.23 1.68 1.78 2.44 5.11 2.64 5.25 4.55 1.58 2.85 2.42 2.53 2.56 1.82 1.34 1.337
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.66 -0.03 0.82 0.72 0.93 0.57 0.72 0.72 0.65 0.93 0.93 1.79 0.47 0.07 0.69 0.34 0.48 -21.61 -0.30 -0.34 -0.340
Interest Coverage 10.02 13.41 14.71 13.69 13.35 12.59 7.99 27.22 24.60 16.59 19.75 6.11 6.11 12.53 8.28 4.33 8.11 8.61 11.32 14.51 14.506
Equity Multiplier 4.85 4.97 5.04 5.78 6.17 5.95 7.23 6.03 6.33 7.00 5.76 6.82 6.92 6.90 5.52 6.79 7.49 6.78 6.92 6.85 6.852
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.094
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 15.303
Cash to Debt snapshot only 1.254
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.786
Defensive Interval snapshot only 2888.2 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.26 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.33 0.27 0.24 0.25 0.28 0.26 0.256
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover (trade) — — 21.85 — — — — — — — — — 8.09 14.59 18.95 18.43 3.97 6.82 2.05 1.99 1.988
Payables Turnover -0.42 -0.28 -0.36 -0.33 -0.20 -0.27 -0.29 -0.09 -0.04 -0.03 -0.10 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.09 -0.02 — — 0.84 1.16 1.158
DSO (trade) 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 25 19 20 92 54 178 184 183.6 days
DIO — — — — — — — — — — — -84542 0 -16818 -61903 — — 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO — — — — — — — — — — — 10920 6896 8325 3858 — — 0 437 315 315.3 days
Cash Conversion Cycle (trade) — — — — — — — — — — — -95462 -6850 -25118 -65742 — — 54 -258 -132 -131.6 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 3.563
Capital Intensity snapshot only 4.059
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 1.1% 37.0% 4.7% 3.9% 6.6% 8.0% 10.6% 16.1% 12.9% 11.0% 11.3% 7.0% 8.2% 9.0% 4.5% 3.3% 0.2% -2.8% -1.1% 0.7% 0.73%
Net Income 7.4% 1.1% 34.4% -54.7% -58.1% -55.0% -56.1% -17.3% -11.5% -5.1% 7.6% 4.5% 3.5% 4.1% -9.4% -14.3% -10.8% -5.1% 10.0% 24.7% 24.74%
EPS 7.7% 1.1% 36.6% -54.6% -58.2% -55.0% -56.2% -17.2% -10.7% -3.4% 9.6% 6.1% 4.5% 3.9% -9.4% -13.8% -10.3% -4.4% 10.7% 25.5% 25.49%
FCF 61.0% 2.5% -31.8% -41.8% -32.0% -35.4% -34.8% -4.7% 2.6% 79.1% 59.3% 22.7% -6.3% -41.4% -11.7% 25.2% 12.2% 30.1% 12.9% -16.0% -16.02%
EBITDA 85.9% 85.9% 1.4% 20.4% -16.7% 18.5% -15.0% -3.3% -26.0% -77.6% -29.2% -65.3% -52.4% 2.2% -7.2% 88.0% 1.8% -23.8% 69.2% 1.2% 1.24%
Op. Income 47.6% -19.9% -27.1% -32.0% -0.5% -53.2% -6.2% -1.6% 73.9% 3.8% 84.1% 80.9% 9.9% -91.9% -57.1% -22.5% -26.5% 12.0% 1.4% -10.0% -10.03%
OCF Growth snapshot only -6.00%
Asset Growth snapshot only 7.71%
Equity Growth snapshot only 6.75%
Debt Growth snapshot only 23.37%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.60%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -23.95%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — — — 73.4% 36.0% 18.0% 8.9% 8.9% 9.2% 9.3% 8.8% 8.6% 7.0% 5.5% 4.8% 3.6% 3.64%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 41.9% 22.2% 11.7% 5.9% 6.1% 6.07%
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — 99.8% 48.3% -2.9% -13.1% -26.4% -27.0% -23.3% -24.2% -8.9% -5.8% -1.4% 3.2% 4.7% 4.67%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 48.8% 25.0% -1.9% -8.0% -15.5% -15.47%
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — 96.2% 46.2% -4.2% -14.0% -26.9% -27.3% -23.7% -24.6% -9.5% -6.5% -2.1% 2.3% 3.8% 3.76%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 46.6% 23.6% -2.8% -8.7% -16.0% -15.99%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — — — 12.6% -26.1% -33.5% -5.5% -17.6% -14.3% -0.9% -18.4% 3.6% 13.4% 13.36%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 17.5% 11.1% 11.15%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — — — 55.9% 28.8% 13.7% 5.6% 7.8% 7.7% 7.8% 6.9% 7.0% 5.7% -0.7% -8.5% -14.9% -14.91%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 32.9% 18.2% 6.1% -3.9% -6.0% -6.01%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — — — 1.5% 36.7% 21.8% 8.0% 6.6% 23.9% -43.2% -9.5% 11.3% 12.0% 72.2% 24.0% 8.0% 8.05%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 85.3% 15.6% 13.9% 5.4% -3.3% -3.32%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — 26.0% 3.9% 5.9% -10.8% -12.0% -13.2% -12.2% -2.8% 13.5% 2.5% 10.9% 16.6% 8.9% 8.87%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 25.2% 3.4% -2.0% -6.7% -6.5% -6.48%
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — 27.7% 4.4% 6.1% -9.8% -10.7% -13.6% -12.4% -4.5% 9.8% 2.2% 10.0% 16.5% 10.6% 10.62%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 24.6% 4.1% -1.5% -6.1% -5.4% -5.39%
Assets 3Y — — — — — — — -30.2% -29.9% -24.7% -29.7% 6.8% 8.7% 7.4% -0.1% 9.3% 11.8% 10.7% 4.3% 11.1% 11.11%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -15.4% -14.3% -14.1% -14.4% 6.1% 6.09%
Equity 3Y — — — — — — — -13.3% -14.4% -14.4% -14.1% -7.8% -3.5% -3.8% -3.2% 3.6% 4.7% 6.0% 5.9% 6.5% 6.48%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — — — -11.7% -13.1% -13.3% -13.1% -7.2% -3.0% -3.3% -2.6% 4.3% 5.6% 6.8% 6.8% 7.4% 7.42%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — -28.2% -26.3% -16.3% -25.4% -7.0% -7.0% 5.3% 11.1% 11.3% 11.4% -7.7% -8.1% -8.1% -8.11%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability — — — 0.79 0.83 0.91 0.95 0.78 0.83 0.93 0.96 0.95 0.98 0.99 0.98 0.86 0.87 0.89 0.92 0.92 0.921
Earnings Stability — — — 0.18 0.11 0.00 0.29 0.02 0.00 0.12 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.54 0.01 0.02 0.22 0.49 0.48 0.479
Margin Stability — — — 0.82 0.92 0.96 0.96 0.84 0.92 0.95 0.96 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.84 0.92 0.91 0.83 0.78 0.781
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence — — — 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.93 0.95 0.98 0.97 0.98 0.99 0.98 0.96 0.94 0.96 0.98 0.96 0.90 0.901
Earnings Smoothness 0.00 0.31 0.71 0.25 0.18 0.24 0.22 0.81 0.88 0.95 0.93 0.96 0.97 0.96 0.90 0.85 0.89 0.95 0.90 0.78 0.780
ROE Trend — — — 0.04 0.00 -0.05 -0.09 -0.12 -0.13 -0.11 -0.09 -0.03 -0.04 -0.01 -0.03 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0.01 0.011
Gross Margin Trend — — — -0.16 -0.08 -0.04 -0.06 -0.02 -0.03 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.00 0.00 -0.13 -0.32 -0.44 -0.438
FCF Margin Trend — — — -0.18 -0.15 -0.15 -0.16 -0.11 -0.07 0.04 0.01 0.01 -0.03 -0.07 -0.00 0.05 0.01 -0.01 0.01 -0.02 -0.017
Sustainable Growth Rate 11.0% -6.4% -11.8% -21.0% -19.7% -7.0% -13.0% 3.4% 3.6% 4.0% 7.9% 7.8% 7.5% 2.3% 1.1% 0.0% 0.6% 5.1% 6.8% 8.1% 8.08%
Internal Growth Rate 1.3% — — — — — — 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 0.3% 0.2% 0.0% 0.1% 0.7% 1.1% 1.2% 1.20%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.82 0.86 0.85 1.22 1.36 1.28 1.28 1.36 1.53 2.31 1.90 1.65 1.38 1.30 1.74 2.18 1.78 1.82 1.89 1.64 1.643
FCF/OCF 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.93 0.94 0.93 0.94 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.94 0.93 0.97 0.97 1.00 1.02 0.95 0.95 0.94 0.91 0.914
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.502
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 1.150
CapEx/Revenue 1.2% 1.0% 1.1% 1.5% 1.2% 1.3% 0.9% 0.7% 0.6% 0.8% 1.3% 1.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.1% 0.5% 0.9% 1.0% 1.2% 1.7% 1.66%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.901
Accruals Ratio 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.019
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.452
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.203
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 92.3% 1.3% 1.4% 1.2% 1.1% 76.7% 90.0% 39.8% 43.1% 38.7% 30.3% 31.6% 29.7% 44.6% 43.1% 44.2% 40.8% 33.7% 33.3% 34.3% 4.70%
Dividend/Share $19.92 $27.86 $29.89 $23.97 $22.03 $14.22 $16.28 $8.42 $8.52 $8.16 $6.67 $6.73 $6.81 $9.38 $8.99 $9.13 $9.23 $7.27 $6.85 $6.94 $7.11
Payout Ratio 72.8% 1.2% 1.4% 2.0% 1.9% 1.4% 1.7% 84.1% 83.5% 80.3% 63.4% 63.4% 63.8% 88.8% 94.2% 99.7% 96.5% 72.0% 65.0% 60.4% 60.44%
FCF Payout Ratio 92.2% 1.4% 1.7% 1.8% 1.5% 1.1% 1.4% 64.7% 56.3% 35.8% 35.4% 41.5% 47.5% 70.4% 54.1% 44.7% 57.1% 41.6% 36.3% 40.3% 40.25%
Total Payout Ratio 89.8% 1.3% 1.4% 2.0% 1.9% 1.4% 1.7% 92.6% 1.0% 1.1% 84.8% 79.8% 70.5% 88.8% 1.0% 1.1% 1.1% 83.7% 76.5% 69.7% 69.67%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number 21.40 8.40 8.00 1.56 1.26 0.28 0.45 -0.25 -0.19 -0.05 -0.29 0.10 0.09 0.60 0.78 0.79 0.76 0.11 0.09 0.10 0.099
Buyback Yield 21.7% 17.8% 7.5% 1.1% 0.7% 0.7% 1.9% 4.1% 9.2% 12.1% 10.3% 8.2% 3.1% 0.0% 3.3% 5.6% 5.2% 5.5% 5.9% 5.2% 5.25%
Net Buyback Yield 18.0% 14.1% 4.6% -0.3% -0.4% -0.3% 1.2% 3.4% 8.5% 11.4% 9.3% 7.2% 2.2% -1.0% 2.5% 4.8% 4.5% 4.8% 5.2% 4.6% 4.65%
Total Shareholder Return 1.1% 1.5% 1.5% 1.2% 1.1% 76.3% 91.3% 43.3% 51.6% 50.1% 39.7% 38.8% 32.0% 43.6% 45.6% 49.1% 45.3% 38.6% 38.6% 39.0% 38.99%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 1.89 1.49 1.37 0.81 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.79 0.80 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.78 0.79 0.78 0.79 0.79 0.793
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.30 1.40 1.32 1.34 1.41 1.05 1.59 0.51 0.57 0.63 0.55 1.81 1.83 1.18 1.62 2.96 1.65 1.56 1.17 0.93 0.931
EBIT Margin 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.09 0.29 0.25 0.23 0.26 0.08 0.08 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.08 0.09 0.12 0.16 0.159
Asset Turnover 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.26 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.33 0.27 0.24 0.25 0.28 0.26 0.256
Equity Multiplier 8.51 8.03 8.21 4.97 5.41 5.40 6.02 5.91 6.25 6.48 6.47 6.45 6.65 6.95 5.64 6.81 7.20 6.84 6.24 6.82 6.823
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $27.37 $23.42 $21.90 $12.09 $11.44 $10.53 $9.60 $10.01 $10.21 $10.17 $10.53 $10.62 $10.67 $10.56 $9.53 $9.15 $9.57 $10.10 $10.55 $11.48 $11.48
Book Value/Share $61.50 $58.83 $56.75 $47.68 $46.04 $47.50 $46.15 $46.87 $47.00 $50.81 $50.60 $52.25 $56.11 $53.17 $52.41 $54.08 $54.15 $57.79 $56.16 $58.08 $58.08
Tangible Book/Share $56.02 $52.35 $49.46 $40.18 $38.44 $39.98 $38.70 $39.07 $37.01 $40.94 $42.74 $42.28 $50.11 $47.12 $46.41 $50.43 $47.93 $53.87 $48.22 $49.73 $49.73
Revenue/Share $72.45 $73.58 $73.86 $73.86 $77.08 $79.40 $81.53 $85.82 $87.78 $89.68 $92.49 $93.27 $95.89 $97.56 $96.68 $96.77 $96.64 $95.48 $96.17 $98.06 $98.47
FCF/Share $21.60 $19.39 $17.82 $13.65 $14.65 $12.51 $11.59 $13.02 $15.15 $22.80 $18.82 $16.22 $14.33 $13.32 $16.61 $20.41 $16.18 $17.46 $18.86 $17.24 $17.24
OCF/Share $22.44 $20.12 $18.66 $14.75 $15.60 $13.52 $12.33 $13.58 $15.63 $23.51 $19.98 $17.53 $14.71 $13.71 $16.55 $19.95 $17.06 $18.38 $19.99 $18.87 $18.87
Cash/Share $33.25 $25.01 $13.86 $11.34 $9.30 $10.22 $10.04 $11.60 $14.42 $14.62 $12.97 $13.36 $15.76 $16.74 $15.23 $15.19 $22.09 $206.02 $25.45 $27.52 $27.52
EBITDA/Share $12.96 $12.96 $12.39 $11.34 $10.77 $15.33 $10.52 $10.97 $8.04 $3.50 $7.59 $3.86 $3.86 $11.11 $7.04 $7.29 $10.74 $8.53 $11.98 $16.41 $16.41
Debt/Share $24.65 $24.65 $23.99 $19.53 $19.33 $18.90 $17.63 $19.53 $19.63 $17.86 $20.04 $20.29 $17.58 $17.56 $20.08 $17.68 $27.19 $21.82 $21.85 $21.94 $21.94
Net Debt/Share $-8.60 $-0.36 $10.13 $8.19 $10.04 $8.68 $7.60 $7.93 $5.22 $3.25 $7.06 $6.92 $1.82 $0.82 $4.86 $2.49 $5.11 $-184.20 $-3.60 $-5.58 $-5.58
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman-I Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.230
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only -1.753
Piotroski F-Score 7 6 6 7 5 6 5 6 7 5 7 5 5 8 5 7 4 4 5 5 5
Beneish M-Score -3.07 -3.04 -4.01 -2.48 -2.35 -2.41 -2.24 -2.30 -2.50 -2.33 -2.62 -2.38 -2.30 -2.46 -2.59 -2.65 -2.52 -1.94 7.43 5.28 5.277
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -5.576
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-194.27
EVA snapshot only $2104476206.32
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AA+
Credit Score 92.75 92.75 92.75 92.75 92.75 92.75 87.25 95.25 93.75 88.50 92.50 82.25 83.25 92.75 88.75 79.50 82.75 88.75 92.75 92.75 92.750
Credit Grade snapshot only 2
Credit Trend snapshot only 13.250
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 65.000

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