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AJ91.DE XETRA

DocCheck AG
1W: -2.7% 1M: -2.7% 3M: -10.1% YTD: -19.6% 1Y: -10.1% 3Y: +39.5% 5Y: -50.3%
€10.70 ($12.04)
-0.00 (-0.00%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.5%
€10 €10 €11 €11 €11
XETRA · Healthcare · Medical - Distribution · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 42 · €54.3M mcap · 1M float · 0.046% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
4
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
3
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. AJ91.DE receives an overall rating of A. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 A- A
2026-08-14 A A-
2026-07-30 A+ A
2026-07-29 A A+
2026-07-03 A+ A
2026-07-01 A A+
2026-04-07 None ADDED
2026-04-07 EXISTED None
2026-02-02 A+ A
2026-01-12 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 73 Grade A+
Profitability
63
Balance Sheet
98
Earnings Quality
78
Growth
54
Value
87
Momentum
82
Safety
100
Cash Flow
74
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. AJ91.DE scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Growth (54/100). An overall grade of A+ places AJ91.DE among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
6.72
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.39
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-9.95
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AAA
Score: 96.9/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 1.31x
Accruals: -6.0%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. AJ91.DE scores 6.72, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. AJ91.DE scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. AJ91.DE's score of -2.39 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. AJ91.DE's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. AJ91.DE receives an estimated rating of AAA (score: 96.9/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). AJ91.DE's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
11.63x
PEG
-0.58x
P/S
0.96x
P/B
1.42x
P/FCF
6.81x
P/OCF
4.47x
EV/EBITDA
2.30x
EV/Revenue
0.44x
EV/EBIT
3.08x
EV/FCF
5.24x
Earnings Yield
17.01%
FCF Yield
14.68%
Shareholder Yield
10.16%
Graham Number
$19.65
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 11.6x earnings, AJ91.DE trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 17.0% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $19.65 per share, suggesting a potential 84% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.668
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.019
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.142
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.963
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.416
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
26.9%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. AJ91.DE's ROE of 26.9% is driven by Asset Turnover (1.963), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$80.57
Price/Value
0.15x
Margin of Safety
84.73%
Premium
-84.73%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with AJ91.DE's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. AJ91.DE actually compounded EPS at 24.5% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. At an intrinsic value of $80.57, AJ91.DE appears undervalued with a 85% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 11.6x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$10.70
Median 1Y
$10.50
5th Pctile
$5.04
95th Pctile
$21.94
Ann. Volatility
40.7%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
ROE 27.0% 29.0% 30.0% 25.5% 25.7% 22.9% 25.6% 25.5% 33.4% 47.7% 67.2% 69.5% 69.0% 50.9% 36.4% 22.9% 23.4% 19.2% 22.0% 26.9% 26.90%
ROA 21.1% 22.5% 22.8% 19.1% 19.5% 17.5% 18.6% 18.1% 24.3% 33.0% 42.3% 44.3% 46.2% 32.1% 22.6% 14.7% 15.3% 12.2% 15.0% 19.0% 18.99%
ROIC 44.5% 49.2% 50.4% 42.9% 37.0% 42.9% 32.7% 34.6% 61.9% 1.0% 1.1% 92.0% 82.4% 61.8% 45.6% 33.7% 34.6% 26.2% 31.8% 36.4% 36.43%
ROCE 37.4% 39.6% 41.4% 36.0% 35.0% 31.9% 32.3% 32.3% 43.2% 54.0% 66.3% 64.8% 76.7% 56.9% 44.7% 33.3% 28.8% 23.0% 30.8% 34.6% 34.65%
Gross Margin 25.6% 31.5% 28.9% 28.3% 26.4% 32.1% 25.4% 26.0% 30.1% 28.4% 24.2% 26.3% 18.6% 27.4% 15.4% 26.9% 21.6% 21.7% 27.9% 22.2% 22.20%
Operating Margin 12.2% 17.3% 10.6% 13.8% 5.6% 17.1% 13.2% 15.0% 18.4% 23.7% 19.1% 19.9% 14.4% 20.1% 7.2% 6.1% 8.8% 15.2% 14.3% 15.1% 15.07%
Net Margin 7.9% 12.2% 7.5% 9.5% 4.9% 10.9% 8.6% 10.7% 12.0% 15.9% 13.3% 13.3% 7.1% 13.3% 6.5% 2.1% 7.7% 11.6% 9.0% 10.0% 10.00%
EBITDA Margin 14.5% 19.4% 15.4% 15.5% 10.8% 21.7% 19.3% 21.1% 23.2% 25.7% 22.6% 24.0% 19.7% 24.1% 13.4% 15.7% 14.0% 20.7% 20.1% 20.5% 20.52%
FCF Margin 8.5% 7.5% 8.3% 7.6% 5.9% 6.6% 4.6% 4.1% 8.8% 10.4% 13.3% 10.8% 6.8% 4.3% 0.5% 4.4% 10.6% 11.5% 12.2% 8.3% 8.35%
OCF Margin 13.3% 12.0% 12.1% 10.3% 10.7% 11.8% 10.0% 9.3% 14.3% 15.1% 17.9% 15.8% 13.6% 11.4% 8.2% 11.7% 13.6% 14.3% 15.6% 12.7% 12.72%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 34.56%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 30.60%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 22.84%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 44.26%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 22.77%
Cash ROA snapshot only 25.07%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 51.27%
CROIC snapshot only 33.65%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 9.04%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 14.49%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 4.57%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
P/E Ratio 5.12 4.59 6.02 6.84 6.90 5.58 6.89 6.43 5.81 7.34 5.96 6.03 3.64 3.48 3.98 4.81 4.80 5.26 7.14 5.88 11.630
P/S Ratio 0.50 0.48 0.61 0.64 0.59 0.46 0.59 0.57 0.62 0.95 0.81 0.83 0.47 0.42 0.41 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.55 0.57 0.958
P/B Ratio 1.34 1.27 1.73 1.69 1.73 1.26 1.71 1.58 1.74 2.93 3.25 3.33 2.14 1.60 1.37 1.10 1.09 0.99 1.53 1.50 1.417
P/FCF 5.81 6.41 7.39 8.47 10.11 7.01 12.88 14.13 7.02 9.13 6.06 7.74 6.86 9.71 91.40 8.10 3.45 3.21 4.51 6.81 6.812
P/OCF 3.73 4.02 5.08 6.21 5.55 3.91 5.88 6.18 4.34 6.30 4.52 5.29 3.42 3.67 5.04 3.07 2.70 2.59 3.53 4.47 4.471
EV/EBITDA 2.10 1.79 2.65 2.91 3.02 1.75 2.91 2.49 2.04 3.25 2.91 3.08 1.77 1.59 1.67 1.39 1.34 1.37 2.29 2.30 2.303
EV/Revenue 0.34 0.30 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.28 0.49 0.46 0.44 0.76 0.68 0.74 0.41 0.36 0.35 0.26 0.23 0.22 0.41 0.44 0.438
EV/EBIT 2.40 1.97 3.03 3.37 3.73 2.33 3.85 3.42 2.66 3.86 3.34 3.52 2.04 1.90 2.17 2.05 2.06 2.19 3.33 3.08 3.079
EV/FCF 3.96 4.04 5.52 6.25 7.87 4.22 10.79 11.33 4.96 7.28 5.14 6.84 6.04 8.36 76.66 5.80 2.16 1.92 3.35 5.24 5.242
Earnings Yield 19.5% 21.8% 16.6% 14.6% 14.5% 17.9% 14.5% 15.5% 17.2% 13.6% 16.8% 16.6% 27.5% 28.7% 25.1% 20.8% 20.8% 19.0% 14.0% 17.0% 17.01%
FCF Yield 17.2% 15.6% 13.5% 11.8% 9.9% 14.3% 7.8% 7.1% 14.3% 10.9% 16.5% 12.9% 14.6% 10.3% 1.1% 12.3% 29.0% 31.2% 22.2% 14.7% 14.68%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 1.511
EV/OCF snapshot only 3.441
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 1.874
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 3.233
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 10.16%
Graham Number snapshot only $19.65
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
Current Ratio 2.55 2.89 2.66 2.67 2.39 2.47 2.57 2.41 2.65 2.66 2.46 3.01 2.47 2.49 2.40 2.65 2.57 2.74 2.95 3.18 3.182
Quick Ratio 2.28 2.67 2.39 2.45 2.16 2.26 2.30 2.26 2.35 2.35 2.29 2.71 2.25 2.25 2.16 2.41 2.34 2.50 2.63 2.84 2.844
Debt/Equity 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.11 0.05 0.05 0.20 0.19 0.17 0.18 0.16 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.10 0.100
Net Debt/Equity -0.43 -0.47 -0.44 -0.44 -0.38 -0.50 -0.28 -0.31 -0.51 -0.59 -0.50 -0.39 -0.25 -0.22 -0.22 -0.31 -0.41 -0.40 -0.40 -0.35 -0.346
Debt/Assets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.075
Debt/EBITDA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.21 0.08 0.07 0.21 0.20 0.16 0.21 0.23 0.28 0.24 0.29 0.19 0.20 0.200
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.98 -1.05 -0.89 -1.03 -0.86 -1.15 -0.56 -0.61 -0.85 -0.83 -0.53 -0.41 -0.24 -0.26 -0.32 -0.55 -0.80 -0.93 -0.80 -0.69 -0.690
Interest Coverage — — — — — — 99.42 29.65 27.99 40.03 61.59 71.59 25.66 19.21 12.93 10.74 21.82 34.14 25.35 25.93 25.926
Equity Multiplier 1.29 1.29 1.30 1.32 1.34 1.34 1.44 1.49 1.41 1.52 1.68 1.61 1.55 1.64 1.55 1.50 1.52 1.52 1.39 1.34 1.338
Cash Ratio snapshot only 1.740
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 34.661
Cash to Debt snapshot only 4.455
FCF to Debt snapshot only 2.201
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1002.9 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
Asset Turnover 2.17 2.14 2.24 2.03 2.27 2.10 2.18 2.03 2.28 2.55 3.12 3.20 3.61 2.66 2.18 1.96 2.00 1.73 1.95 1.96 1.963
Inventory Turnover 28.36 29.28 27.82 30.17 29.13 31.23 28.49 36.11 25.30 26.57 48.71 45.60 47.34 31.24 33.37 25.95 29.28 25.30 23.86 24.68 24.675
Receivables Turnover 18.06 17.25 18.34 12.40 18.11 14.31 17.48 9.92 18.50 15.28 25.93 17.09 31.95 14.68 20.04 13.59 15.80 9.91 15.45 13.15 13.153
Payables Turnover 62.03 59.52 41.72 29.55 35.85 44.91 37.12 35.88 35.92 58.95 65.90 74.94 78.66 59.01 46.78 41.26 44.31 31.79 30.58 39.53 39.535
DSO 20 21 20 29 20 26 21 37 20 24 14 21 11 25 18 27 23 37 24 28 27.7 days
DIO 13 12 13 12 13 12 13 10 14 14 7 8 8 12 11 14 12 14 15 15 14.8 days
DPO 6 6 9 12 10 8 10 10 10 6 6 5 5 6 8 9 8 11 12 9 9.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 27 27 24 29 23 29 24 37 24 31 16 24 14 30 21 32 27 40 27 33 33.3 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 8.036
Operating Cycle snapshot only 42.5 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 5.919
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.507
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
Revenue 36.2% 39.9% 30.9% 15.6% 13.1% 7.0% 9.5% 12.4% 21.9% 69.2% 1.2% 1.5% 1.3% 53.8% -7.1% -23.3% -30.8% -27.0% -11.3% -4.0% -3.99%
Net Income 1.0% 99.4% 52.2% 11.0% 0.4% -15.5% -8.0% 6.7% 50.8% 1.6% 2.5% 2.8% 1.8% 43.4% -29.0% -58.5% -58.8% -57.3% -34.2% 24.0% 24.01%
EPS 1.0% 98.6% 51.3% 10.5% 0.1% -15.6% -7.9% 7.4% 50.4% 1.6% 2.5% 2.7% 1.8% 43.2% -29.0% -58.5% -58.9% -57.4% -34.4% 24.0% 24.02%
FCF -12.2% 15.9% 23.7% -2.1% -22.1% -6.0% -39.7% -39.9% 82.7% 1.7% 5.5% 5.5% 78.6% -36.1% -96.9% -68.4% 8.0% 95.1% 22.9% 80.3% 80.34%
EBITDA 72.6% 68.5% 54.4% 17.9% 7.5% 0.7% 7.4% 27.8% 70.9% 1.5% 2.1% 2.2% 1.5% 49.8% -18.1% -40.6% -48.8% -48.2% -24.0% -1.4% -1.45%
Op. Income 89.2% 78.6% 43.3% 12.6% -4.2% -14.4% -6.1% 7.1% 64.0% 1.7% 2.5% 2.9% 1.8% 48.0% -25.8% -53.7% -61.2% -62.7% -37.2% 5.2% 5.19%
OCF Growth snapshot only 4.10%
Asset Growth snapshot only -0.83%
Equity Growth snapshot only 11.45%
Debt Growth snapshot only -28.89%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.00%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -28.12%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — 84.6% 45.6% 30.2% 18.9% 23.4% 36.3% 47.4% 47.2% 47.3% 40.7% 31.4% 28.4% 25.0% 23.9% 22.5% 21.8% 21.81%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 77.8% 51.7% 35.5% 25.9% 24.7% 23.2% 21.4% 18.6% 18.62%
EPS 3Y — — — — 1.1% 61.4% 55.6% 35.1% 44.5% 63.6% 69.7% 64.5% 61.0% 46.7% 31.8% 18.7% 19.7% 16.8% 17.8% 24.5% 24.47%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1% 73.6% 56.4% 30.8% 28.0% 21.7% 17.9% 18.0% 18.02%
Net Income 3Y — — — — 1.1% 61.7% 55.9% 35.1% 45.0% 64.3% 70.5% 65.2% 61.6% 47.2% 32.2% 19.0% 20.0% 17.3% 18.2% 25.2% 25.17%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1% 74.1% 56.9% 31.3% 28.5% 22.1% 18.3% 18.3% 18.34%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — 90.8% 57.1% 46.0% 34.2% 46.9% 61.3% 72.4% 68.4% 66.3% 55.0% 39.6% 34.0% 29.8% 24.2% 24.4% 22.9% 22.87%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 97.0% 70.3% 51.1% 35.4% 32.4% 26.6% 26.1% 22.8% 22.84%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — 95.9% 55.2% 37.8% 23.8% 29.4% 39.8% 48.5% 45.1% 41.7% 32.9% 19.7% 17.9% 16.2% 12.1% 17.1% 15.5% 15.47%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 78.7% 52.1% 34.0% 23.7% 23.1% 18.8% 19.9% 14.5% 14.49%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — 1.2% 66.0% 62.1% 32.9% 43.8% 61.0% 68.2% 67.2% 64.3% 51.2% 35.0% 24.3% 21.6% 14.6% 18.1% 23.6% 23.57%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 79.2% 62.0% 33.3% 26.6% 18.2% 17.2% 17.9% 17.87%
FCF 3Y — — — — 80.5% -1.3% -15.2% -21.1% 7.7% 42.6% 69.3% 56.5% 36.5% 16.9% -50.2% 7.4% 52.2% 49.2% 69.7% 54.9% 54.89%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 80.6% 10.4% -34.1% 0.3% 19.3% 29.3% 29.5% 16.9% 16.94%
OCF 3Y — — — — 1.0% 45.3% 28.4% 17.4% 44.2% 53.2% 72.0% 55.0% 48.3% 38.4% 15.5% 33.9% 35.3% 31.9% 41.8% 35.3% 35.29%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 95.8% 50.5% 29.1% 31.0% 35.6% 30.8% 29.5% 17.2% 17.23%
Assets 3Y — — — — 7.3% 10.4% 12.6% 15.9% 15.9% 26.0% 33.2% 32.0% 31.3% 34.9% 32.0% 27.7% 29.4% 29.7% 22.6% 19.2% 19.23%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 20.7% 25.0% 22.6% 21.6% 20.6% 21.0% 18.3% 16.2% 16.25%
Equity 3Y — — — — 3.0% 6.2% 6.9% 8.0% 12.1% 19.3% 23.2% 24.5% 23.4% 24.4% 24.6% 22.1% 24.1% 24.4% 24.0% 23.6% 23.63%
Book Value 3Y — — — — 2.8% 6.0% 6.7% 8.0% 11.7% 18.8% 22.6% 24.0% 23.0% 24.0% 24.2% 21.7% 23.7% 23.9% 23.5% 22.9% 22.95%
Dividend 3Y — — — — 1.9% 2.0% -0.2% 0.0% -14.8% -14.9% 11.0% 11.0% 58.6% 58.7% 16.5% 16.5% -14.6% -14.7% -10.8% -10.9% -10.92%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
Revenue Stability 0.96 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.91 0.93 0.96 0.99 0.99 0.86 0.76 0.71 0.79 0.89 0.83 0.68 0.63 0.72 0.65 0.51 0.506
Earnings Stability 0.99 0.98 1.00 0.88 0.90 0.77 0.81 0.81 0.95 0.80 0.71 0.65 0.74 0.87 0.71 0.42 0.44 0.42 0.32 0.24 0.241
Margin Stability 0.92 0.91 0.89 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.90 0.93 0.93 0.95 0.94 0.97 0.92 0.91 0.88 0.90 0.90 0.88 0.91 0.90 0.900
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.96 1.00 0.94 0.97 0.97 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.83 0.88 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.86 0.90 0.904
Earnings Smoothness 0.33 0.34 0.59 0.90 1.00 0.83 0.92 0.94 0.59 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.64 0.66 0.17 0.17 0.20 0.59 0.79 0.786
ROE Trend 0.18 0.17 0.14 0.07 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.15 0.28 0.31 0.31 0.15 -0.05 -0.17 -0.22 -0.24 -0.23 -0.14 -0.136
Gross Margin Trend 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.00 -0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.05 -0.03 -0.05 -0.00 -0.01 -0.011
FCF Margin Trend -0.01 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 0.02 0.03 0.07 0.05 -0.01 -0.04 -0.08 -0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.007
Sustainable Growth Rate 5.9% 9.4% 8.1% 5.4% 4.4% 3.4% 5.3% 6.7% 22.0% 38.1% 46.3% 50.8% 34.6% 22.0% 11.0% -0.7% 5.6% 3.1% 5.2% 10.8% 10.83%
Internal Growth Rate 4.8% 7.9% 6.5% 4.2% 3.4% 2.7% 4.0% 5.0% 18.9% 35.7% 41.1% 47.9% 30.2% 16.1% 7.3% — 3.8% 2.0% 3.7% 8.3% 8.28%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.37 1.14 1.18 1.10 1.24 1.43 1.17 1.04 1.34 1.17 1.32 1.14 1.06 0.95 0.79 1.57 1.78 2.03 2.02 1.31 1.315
FCF/OCF 0.64 0.63 0.69 0.73 0.55 0.56 0.46 0.44 0.62 0.69 0.74 0.68 0.50 0.38 0.06 0.38 0.78 0.81 0.78 0.66 0.656
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.863
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.669
CapEx/Revenue 4.8% 4.5% 3.8% 2.8% 4.8% 5.2% 5.5% 5.2% 5.4% 4.7% 4.6% 5.0% 6.8% 7.1% 7.7% 7.3% 2.9% 2.7% 3.1% 4.1% 4.12%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.861
Accruals Ratio -0.08 -0.03 -0.04 -0.02 -0.05 -0.07 -0.03 -0.01 -0.08 -0.05 -0.14 -0.06 -0.03 0.02 0.05 -0.08 -0.12 -0.13 -0.15 -0.06 -0.060
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.062
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.284
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
Dividend Yield 15.2% 14.7% 12.1% 11.5% 12.0% 15.3% 11.5% 11.5% 5.9% 2.8% 5.2% 4.5% 13.7% 16.3% 17.5% 21.4% 15.8% 15.9% 10.7% 10.2% 9.35%
Dividend/Share $0.75 $0.75 $0.79 $0.79 $0.79 $0.80 $0.80 $0.80 $0.49 $0.49 $1.09 $1.09 $1.99 $1.99 $1.74 $1.74 $1.25 $1.25 $1.25 $1.25 $1.00
Payout Ratio 78.1% 67.5% 73.0% 78.6% 82.9% 85.2% 79.4% 73.7% 34.4% 20.2% 31.1% 26.8% 49.8% 56.9% 69.8% 1.0% 76.0% 83.7% 76.3% 59.7% 59.73%
FCF Payout Ratio 88.7% 94.3% 89.5% 97.4% 1.2% 1.1% 1.5% 1.6% 41.5% 25.1% 31.6% 34.5% 93.8% 1.6% 16.0% 1.7% 54.6% 51.1% 48.2% 69.2% 69.23%
Total Payout Ratio 78.1% 67.5% 73.0% 78.6% 82.9% 85.2% 79.4% 73.7% 37.5% 22.0% 32.3% 27.9% 51.6% 58.9% 75.5% 1.1% 80.2% 88.3% 76.3% 59.7% 59.73%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number 1.03 1.02 0.58 0.57 0.19 0.22 0.12 0.11 -0.32 -0.35 0.44 0.43 3.17 3.20 0.77 0.81 -0.21 -0.21 -0.17 -0.18 -0.180
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.5% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.5% 0.6% 1.4% 1.7% 0.9% 0.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.4% 0.9% 1.0% 0.5% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Shareholder Return 15.2% 14.7% 12.1% 11.5% 12.0% 15.3% 11.5% 11.5% 6.0% 2.8% 5.2% 4.5% 14.0% 16.7% 18.4% 22.5% 16.3% 16.4% 10.7% 10.2% 10.16%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.69 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.66 0.67 0.66 0.68 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.67 0.62 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.67 0.668
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.00 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.05 1.03 1.01 0.98 0.97 0.99 0.99 1.00 0.97 0.95 0.96 0.96 1.07 1.10 1.02 1.02 1.019
EBIT Margin 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.16 0.13 0.11 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.142
Asset Turnover 2.17 2.14 2.24 2.03 2.27 2.10 2.18 2.03 2.28 2.55 3.12 3.20 3.61 2.66 2.18 1.96 2.00 1.73 1.95 1.96 1.963
Equity Multiplier 1.28 1.29 1.32 1.33 1.32 1.31 1.37 1.41 1.38 1.45 1.59 1.57 1.49 1.59 1.61 1.56 1.53 1.58 1.47 1.42 1.416
Per Share
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.96 $1.11 $1.09 $1.01 $0.96 $0.93 $1.00 $1.09 $1.44 $2.44 $3.52 $4.07 $3.99 $3.50 $2.50 $1.69 $1.64 $1.49 $1.64 $2.09 $2.09
Book Value/Share $3.65 $4.00 $3.79 $4.08 $3.82 $4.15 $4.05 $4.41 $4.80 $6.12 $6.45 $7.36 $6.79 $7.62 $7.26 $7.36 $7.23 $7.90 $7.63 $8.20 $7.55
Tangible Book/Share $3.60 $3.96 $3.74 $4.03 $3.74 $4.05 $3.94 $4.31 $4.70 $6.02 $6.37 $7.29 $6.73 $7.57 $7.22 $7.34 $7.21 $7.86 $7.59 $8.14 $8.14
Revenue/Share $9.86 $10.53 $10.70 $10.75 $11.11 $11.25 $11.74 $12.17 $13.50 $18.90 $25.93 $29.41 $31.14 $29.02 $24.09 $22.53 $21.52 $21.13 $21.32 $21.63 $11.16
FCF/Share $0.84 $0.79 $0.89 $0.82 $0.65 $0.74 $0.54 $0.49 $1.19 $1.96 $3.46 $3.17 $2.12 $1.25 $0.11 $1.00 $2.28 $2.44 $2.59 $1.81 $0.30
OCF/Share $1.31 $1.26 $1.29 $1.11 $1.19 $1.33 $1.18 $1.13 $1.93 $2.85 $4.64 $4.64 $4.24 $3.32 $1.97 $2.64 $2.92 $3.02 $3.32 $2.75 $1.04
Cash/Share $1.57 $1.88 $1.66 $1.82 $1.47 $2.08 $1.66 $1.85 $2.70 $3.96 $4.50 $4.25 $2.89 $3.09 $2.73 $3.45 $3.84 $4.14 $3.76 $3.65 $3.15
EBITDA/Share $1.59 $1.79 $1.85 $1.75 $1.70 $1.80 $1.99 $2.25 $2.90 $4.40 $6.09 $7.03 $7.23 $6.59 $4.99 $4.17 $3.69 $3.40 $3.79 $4.11 $4.11
Debt/Share $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.54 $0.47 $0.24 $0.32 $1.30 $1.39 $1.16 $1.40 $1.13 $1.15 $0.89 $0.99 $0.73 $0.82 $0.82
Net Debt/Share $-1.56 $-1.88 $-1.66 $-1.81 $-1.46 $-2.07 $-1.12 $-1.38 $-2.45 $-3.64 $-3.21 $-2.86 $-1.73 $-1.70 $-1.60 $-2.30 $-2.95 $-3.16 $-3.03 $-2.83 $-2.83
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 6.718
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 10.817
Piotroski F-Score 6 7 7 7 6 6 5 5 7 6 5 7 5 4 4 5 6 5 6 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.61 -2.36 -2.64 -2.46 -3.50 -2.61 -2.33 -2.24 -2.47 -1.32 -1.22 -2.02 -1.60 -1.78 -1.59 -3.09 -3.15 -2.85 -3.32 -2.39 -2.386
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -9.953
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 42.25%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $3.91
EVA snapshot only $7197413.24
Credit
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AAA
Credit Score 94.23 95.14 95.24 95.19 95.34 95.34 97.36 97.04 96.81 96.44 96.94 96.49 97.06 95.21 91.35 93.69 96.34 96.77 96.68 96.93 96.929
Credit Grade snapshot only 1
Credit Trend snapshot only 3.237
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 50.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 96
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 92

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