— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: AKAAF (OTC) · $vol 0M

AKER.OL OSL

Aker ASA
1W: -3.5% 1M: -13.0% 3M: +16.1% YTD: +56.3% 1Y: +98.9% 3Y: +161.1% 5Y: +197.7%
kr 1,396.00 ($145.03)
+28.00 (+2.05%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±4.7%
kr 1264 kr 1330 kr 1396 kr 1462 kr 1528
OSL · Industrials · Conglomerates · Tech Score Sell · Power 32 · kr 103.7B mcap · 22M float · 0.480% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
4
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. AKER.OL receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5), P/E (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 A- B+
2026-07-23 B- A-
2026-07-01 B B-
2026-04-07 None ADDED
2026-04-06 EXISTED None
2026-04-01 B- B
2026-03-30 C B-
2026-01-03 C+ C

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 62 Grade B
Profitability
84
Balance Sheet
66
Earnings Quality
29
Growth
63
Value
97
Momentum
62
Safety
65
Cash Flow
57
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. AKER.OL scores highest in Value (97/100) and lowest in Earnings Quality (29/100). A grade of B indicates above-average fundamentals with room for improvement in select areas.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
2.87
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
1.98
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-10.74
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A
Score: 73.4/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
25/100
OCF/NI: 0.50x
Accruals: 13.4%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. AKER.OL scores 2.87, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. AKER.OL scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. AKER.OL's score of 1.98 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. AKER.OL's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. AKER.OL receives an estimated rating of A (score: 73.4/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). AKER.OL's score of 25/100 is low — reported earnings may not be fully supported by cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
3.72x
PEG
0.02x
P/S
8.47x
P/B
1.53x
P/FCF
7.63x
P/OCF
5.43x
EV/EBITDA
3.57x
EV/Revenue
5.07x
EV/EBIT
3.89x
EV/FCF
11.44x
Earnings Yield
36.94%
FCF Yield
13.11%
Shareholder Yield
7.55%
Graham Number
$2947.79
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 3.7x earnings, AKER.OL trades at a deep value multiple. An earnings yield of 36.9% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $2947.79 per share, suggesting a potential 111% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
1.170
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.819
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
1.303
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.214
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.021
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
54.0%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. AKER.OL's ROE of 54.0% is driven by EBIT Margin (1.303) as the dominant factor. A tax burden ratio of 1.17 indicates minimal tax leakage — the company retains over 90% of pre-tax earnings.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$16328.04
Price/Value
0.07x
Margin of Safety
92.97%
Premium
-92.97%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with AKER.OL's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. At an intrinsic value of $16328.04, AKER.OL appears undervalued with a 93% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 3.7x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$1396.00
Median 1Y
$1590.25
5th Pctile
$896.34
95th Pctile
$2823.31
Ann. Volatility
35.7%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE -34.7% -31.9% -14.6% -12.6% 9.2% 1.0% 3.4% -6.5% -26.5% -25.6% -9.1% 44.1% 51.9% 51.4% 47.4% 12.4% 21.6% 24.1% 24.3% 54.0% 54.03%
ROA -3.5% -2.3% -2.0% -1.7% 1.2% 0.1% 0.7% -1.3% -5.3% -5.6% -2.4% 13.5% 15.7% 17.7% 20.9% 5.4% 10.1% 11.6% 11.8% 26.7% 26.73%
ROIC -0.6% -0.1% 2.2% -1.2% 4.3% -1.3% 5.0% 5.0% 3.0% 1.6% 0.3% 21.2% 22.6% 9.3% 14.9% -6.2% -4.9% -2.1% 5.2% 24.7% 24.71%
ROCE 0.9% 0.3% 1.4% 1.5% 3.2% 3.0% 5.5% 3.2% 1.8% -0.3% -1.5% 13.4% 6.1% 6.4% 6.1% -7.8% 3.6% 7.0% 11.3% 27.7% 27.69%
Gross Margin 25.8% 94.2% -96.7% 13.2% 13.0% 2.8% 1.5% 1.3% 0.3% -33.7% -88.7% -63.2% -60.0% -47.9% -32.6% 14.7% 1.3% 14.6% -4.5% 12.9% 12.90%
Operating Margin -6.7% 4.6% -1.6% 6.9% 7.8% 3.3% 3.1% 1.8% 1.5% -16.2% -4.2% 2.9% -38.3% -39.2% -23.7% 3.5% -13.1% 3.9% 74.9% 3.9% 3.92%
Net Margin -6.1% 2.8% -7.9% 3.4% 5.3% -3.8% -0.8% -5.3% -13.3% -25.8% 82.0% 3.4% -16.3% -9.6% 55.2% 57.2% 60.7% -1.4% 62.9% 4.1% 4.09%
EBITDA Margin -3.6% 10.4% -7.2% 13.2% 13.0% 8.0% 9.4% 4.4% 9.1% -34.1% 11.2% 3.1% -1.1% -19.1% 17.2% 13.4% 91.8% 13.5% 87.1% 4.1% 4.06%
FCF Margin -2.6% -3.8% -3.9% -3.7% -4.7% -3.2% -7.0% -6.0% -9.2% -9.5% -15.5% -32.2% -74.1% -60.7% -39.2% -15.1% 23.3% 29.4% 38.6% 44.3% 44.31%
OCF Margin 9.8% 10.4% 9.1% 11.0% 11.5% 10.5% 6.1% 9.4% 5.6% 7.1% 8.5% -2.5% -6.3% -9.3% -5.3% 10.0% 43.7% 47.7% 55.8% 62.3% 62.27%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 29.89%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 14.77%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 14.83%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 15.66%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 24.15%
Cash ROA snapshot only 12.71%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 14.24%
CROIC snapshot only 10.14%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 1.08%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 1.07%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 5.73%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio -2.35 -4.11 -7.15 -7.21 24.33 160.72 37.59 -22.56 -3.58 -7.19 -21.97 3.15 2.68 2.31 2.41 6.77 3.61 4.29 5.13 2.71 3.717
P/S Ratio 0.07 0.10 0.17 0.18 0.53 0.34 0.31 0.32 0.20 0.50 0.91 1.41 2.78 1.92 1.80 1.59 1.46 1.80 2.24 3.38 8.473
P/B Ratio 0.95 1.47 0.73 0.65 1.54 1.07 1.35 1.53 1.00 2.08 1.68 0.98 0.99 0.82 0.93 0.81 0.71 1.04 1.22 1.26 1.533
P/FCF -2.72 -2.69 -4.50 -4.91 -11.44 -10.60 -4.43 -5.31 -2.22 -5.32 -5.88 -4.39 -3.75 -3.16 -4.60 -10.52 6.27 6.13 5.80 7.63 7.628
P/OCF 0.71 0.99 1.90 1.66 4.62 3.23 5.12 3.38 3.61 7.08 10.78 — — — — 15.83 3.34 3.77 4.01 5.43 5.428
EV/EBITDA 7.58 5.27 5.94 19.65 8.94 7.19 6.54 8.37 8.27 15.97 25.96 4.12 8.87 8.62 8.07 -13.75 9.91 9.05 7.49 3.57 3.575
EV/Revenue 0.45 0.29 0.37 0.46 0.84 0.63 0.70 0.71 0.63 0.95 1.25 1.96 4.20 3.11 2.73 2.71 2.45 2.97 3.80 5.07 5.071
EV/EBIT 56.23 184.25 36.68 33.88 22.74 21.24 13.98 24.71 36.86 -315.70 -66.36 5.02 12.42 13.59 13.23 -8.60 17.84 13.14 9.38 3.89 3.892
EV/FCF -17.73 -7.66 -9.52 -12.35 -18.04 -19.87 -10.00 -11.81 -6.88 -10.06 -8.04 -6.08 -5.67 -5.12 -6.96 -17.98 10.52 10.10 9.84 11.44 11.444
Earnings Yield -42.5% -24.3% -14.0% -13.9% 4.1% 0.6% 2.7% -4.4% -28.0% -13.9% -4.6% 31.8% 37.4% 43.3% 41.5% 14.8% 27.7% 23.3% 19.5% 36.9% 36.94%
FCF Yield -36.7% -37.2% -22.2% -20.4% -8.7% -9.4% -22.6% -18.8% -45.1% -18.8% -17.0% -22.8% -26.7% -31.6% -21.8% -9.5% 16.0% 16.3% 17.3% 13.1% 13.11%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.015
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 1.295
EV/OCF snapshot only 8.143
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 13.263
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 4.714
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 7.55%
Graham Number snapshot only $2947.79
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.06 1.14 1.15 1.20 1.54 1.10 1.13 1.30 1.51 1.74 2.32 2.30 2.19 0.88 1.61 2.46 2.21 1.59 1.34 2.16 2.162
Quick Ratio 0.98 0.86 1.01 0.46 0.76 1.03 0.45 1.23 0.66 1.32 2.12 1.75 1.91 0.59 1.36 1.79 2.00 0.80 1.13 2.16 2.162
Debt/Equity 6.52 4.16 1.40 1.38 1.40 1.38 2.25 2.51 2.65 2.54 1.13 0.77 0.81 0.76 0.67 0.82 0.72 0.78 0.91 0.68 0.676
Net Debt/Equity 5.22 2.71 0.81 0.99 0.89 0.94 1.69 1.88 2.09 1.85 0.61 0.38 0.51 0.51 0.48 0.57 0.48 0.67 0.85 0.63 0.631
Debt/Assets 0.39 0.23 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.51 0.42 0.34 0.36 0.36 0.34 0.36 0.35 0.38 0.43 0.37 0.370
Debt/EBITDA 8.02 5.26 5.38 16.45 5.15 4.94 4.85 6.17 7.11 10.30 12.83 2.35 4.79 4.97 3.81 -8.15 5.98 4.13 3.30 1.28 1.279
Net Debt/EBITDA 6.42 3.42 3.13 11.85 3.27 3.35 3.65 4.61 5.60 7.53 6.96 1.15 3.00 3.29 2.74 -5.71 4.01 3.56 3.08 1.19 1.192
Interest Coverage 0.28 0.06 0.25 0.27 1.17 0.82 1.59 0.77 0.30 -0.04 -0.22 3.19 2.47 1.96 2.38 -3.02 0.84 1.31 2.14 6.43 6.427
Equity Multiplier 16.90 18.15 4.24 4.14 4.25 4.21 5.31 5.66 5.84 4.97 2.73 2.26 2.23 2.11 1.98 2.29 2.06 2.05 2.13 1.83 1.827
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.633
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 6.997
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.068
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.244
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.19 0.93 0.83 0.68 0.54 0.63 0.85 0.94 0.93 0.80 0.58 0.30 0.15 0.21 0.28 0.23 0.25 0.28 0.27 0.21 0.214
Inventory Turnover 33.07 2.66 14.10 2.61 5.78 6.40 7.15 10.27 5.38 20.39 5.56 9.46 2.35 4.85 14.54 4.76 8.87 2.55 7.17 4.14 4.136
Receivables Turnover 7.67 266.04 7.15 151.32 8.71 13.50 23.01 33.15 81.09 11.43 72.92 12.73 8.06 6.68 13.73 40.70 11.88 5.21 11.60 7.18 7.175
Payables Turnover 14.35 547.14 12.63 — 27.46 49.30 76.19 52.28 — 53.02 126.43 23.06 39.80 — 32.63 16.52 21.13 6.72 13.60 5.06 5.062
DSO 48 1 51 2 42 27 16 11 5 32 5 29 45 55 27 9 31 70 31 51 50.9 days
DIO 11 137 26 140 63 57 51 36 68 18 66 39 155 75 25 77 41 143 51 88 88.3 days
DPO 25 1 29 0 13 7 5 7 0 7 3 16 9 0 11 22 17 54 27 72 72.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 33 138 48 142 92 77 62 40 72 43 68 51 192 130 40 64 55 159 56 67 67.0 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 0.912
Operating Cycle snapshot only 139.1 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 8.146
Capital Intensity snapshot only 4.899
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 6.8% 2.6% 1.0% -7.1% -44.6% -31.7% -9.1% 22.4% 53.1% 3.6% -37.0% -65.0% -82.9% -73.0% -55.8% -21.0% 65.5% 33.8% 9.7% 1.0% 0.98%
Net Income -5.2% -6.5% -2.8% -1.8% 1.4% 1.1% 1.3% 31.8% -5.0% -35.4% -4.1% 12.1% 4.1% 4.2% 9.0% -58.7% -35.5% -32.4% -36.1% 4.4% 4.38%
EPS -5.2% -6.4% -2.7% -1.8% 1.4% 1.1% 1.3% 31.7% -5.0% -35.4% -4.1% 12.1% 4.1% 4.2% 9.0% -58.7% -35.5% -32.4% -36.1% 4.4% 4.38%
FCF 63.1% 41.2% 18.1% 53.8% -0.7% 42.9% -66.3% -97.2% -2.0% -2.1% -38.5% -87.5% -37.7% -73.1% -11.9% 63.0% 1.5% 1.6% 2.1% 4.0% 3.96%
EBITDA 4.4% 23.3% 7.0% -84.4% -13.0% 8.8% 58.6% 3.4% 23.9% -30.0% -71.9% 95.8% 5.9% 63.1% 2.1% -1.3% -13.6% 21.9% 64.4% 8.3% 8.26%
Op. Income 93.4% 98.8% 1.4% -5.0% 9.6% 82.3% 2.9% 6.3% -32.9% -69.6% -95.4% 2.7% 3.7% 6.8% 32.2% -1.5% -1.5% -1.2% -31.9% 5.5% 5.48%
OCF Growth snapshot only 5.27%
Asset Growth snapshot only 10.25%
Equity Growth snapshot only 38.12%
Debt Growth snapshot only 13.94%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.00%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 42.31%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 1.2% 1.2% 1.0% 84.3% 68.8% 82.2% 98.6% 1.1% 88.0% 36.8% 5.4% -26.4% -47.5% -42.4% -36.7% -30.3% -24.4% -27.9% -32.6% -34.6% -34.64%
Revenue 5Y 6.8% -0.4% -3.7% -2.5% 1.1% 15.9% 52.4% 56.3% 56.8% 47.9% 37.3% 21.8% 4.7% 11.1% 16.9% 19.8% 13.4% -1.6% -10.7% -20.5% -20.50%
EPS 3Y — — — — -17.1% -58.8% -28.7% — — — — — — — — — 99.7% 3.2% 1.5% — —
EPS 5Y — — — — -31.7% -54.5% -35.6% — — — — — 47.7% 50.5% 55.5% 35.1% 68.0% 87.3% — — —
Net Income 3Y — — — — -16.3% -58.4% -27.9% — — — — — — — — — 99.7% 3.2% 1.5% — —
Net Income 5Y — — — — -31.4% -54.3% -35.3% — — — — — 48.6% 51.3% 56.5% 35.9% 68.9% 88.3% — — —
EBITDA 3Y — 80.7% 36.2% -15.7% 14.2% 65.5% — — 80.4% -2.1% -21.9% 10.7% 4.5% 7.5% 11.6% — 4.3% 11.6% 12.9% 67.1% 67.11%
EBITDA 5Y 5.9% -2.5% -3.7% -25.4% -7.1% -0.5% 14.9% 28.3% — 35.0% 2.4% 39.1% 14.3% 38.9% — — 40.0% 13.3% 19.6% 26.5% 26.46%
Gross Profit 3Y 90.9% 74.4% 75.5% 16.9% -4.5% — 6.5% -7.1% -34.8% — — — — — — — -20.0% — 17.4% 34.7% 34.72%
Gross Profit 5Y 7.0% -1.6% 0.2% -16.7% -21.0% — 1.9% -7.1% -26.4% — — — — — — — -5.9% -17.8% 13.3% -23.5% -23.52%
Op. Income 3Y — — 14.9% — 1.6% — — — — — — 3.3% — — 81.9% — — — 1.6% 99.2% 99.25%
Op. Income 5Y — — -24.5% — 10.6% 57.4% — — — 50.0% -22.7% 80.0% 1.2% — — — — — — 1.8% 1.79%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y — 2.0% 100.0% 57.7% 22.9% 15.8% -3.8% 3.4% -15.5% -17.3% -28.7% — — — — -32.4% 17.8% 19.4% 40.9% 22.5% 22.55%
OCF 5Y 12.9% 6.3% 2.1% 7.6% 13.2% 38.7% — — — 68.5% 33.5% — — — — -20.2% 5.7% 6.5% 3.0% 11.0% 11.00%
Assets 3Y 47.5% 44.5% 31.0% 49.4% 34.3% 35.3% 38.5% 35.4% 33.1% -1.5% -15.5% -7.8% -10.2% -9.5% -1.4% 9.4% 7.3% 0.0% -1.0% 5.0% 5.03%
Assets 5Y 18.6% 17.8% 4.3% 2.7% 19.3% 20.6% 16.8% 17.7% 21.1% 15.1% 13.6% 32.1% 21.9% 20.8% 18.1% 21.1% 18.6% 0.4% -5.0% -1.2% -1.24%
Equity 3Y -8.7% -12.8% 29.6% 33.0% 23.5% 30.2% 26.6% 24.0% 21.3% 25.5% 48.5% 70.9% 76.4% 85.5% 27.2% 33.3% 36.7% 27.2% 34.2% 53.1% 53.14%
Book Value 3Y -9.2% -13.5% 28.5% 31.8% 22.4% 29.0% 25.2% 22.8% 20.2% 24.4% 47.2% 69.9% 75.8% 85.4% 27.1% 33.3% 36.7% 27.2% 34.3% 53.1% 53.12%
Dividend 3Y -1.3% -24.4% -19.8% -15.2% 6.8% 15.2% 29.5% 16.2% -12.6% -1.9% -23.0% -10.1% 15.9% 11.9% 26.7% 16.5% 21.8% 24.1% 5.2% 12.5% 12.47%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.10 0.41 0.79 0.78 0.56 0.56 0.45 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.27 0.68 0.683
Earnings Stability 0.27 0.35 0.50 0.76 0.21 0.29 0.28 0.65 0.08 0.18 0.04 0.31 0.16 0.17 0.29 0.35 0.42 0.44 0.55 0.67 0.666
Margin Stability 0.70 0.70 0.48 0.58 0.51 0.29 0.34 0.35 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.87 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.17 0.57 0.61 0.56 0.00 0.000
ROE Trend -0.54 -0.49 -0.17 -0.12 0.23 0.16 0.12 0.01 -0.11 -0.11 -0.04 0.39 0.48 0.50 0.41 -0.00 0.15 0.21 0.08 0.25 0.250
Gross Margin Trend -0.10 -0.28 0.19 -0.29 -0.27 -0.60 -0.23 -0.28 -0.25 -0.17 -0.34 -0.32 -0.69 -0.59 -0.49 -0.23 0.45 0.61 0.66 0.64 0.639
FCF Margin Trend 0.24 0.13 0.13 0.26 0.24 0.10 -0.00 -0.00 -0.06 -0.06 -0.10 -0.27 -0.67 -0.54 -0.28 0.04 0.65 0.64 0.66 0.68 0.680
Sustainable Growth Rate — — — — -16.1% -19.8% -19.0% — — — — 35.3% 39.4% 38.3% 35.5% 3.0% 7.0% 6.7% 13.2% 43.2% 43.15%
Internal Growth Rate — — — — — — — — — — — 12.2% 13.5% 15.2% 18.5% 1.3% 3.4% 3.3% 6.8% 27.1% 27.15%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income -3.32 -4.14 -3.77 -4.34 5.26 49.82 7.34 -6.68 -0.99 -1.02 -2.04 -0.06 -0.06 -0.11 -0.07 0.43 1.08 1.14 1.28 0.50 0.499
FCF/OCF -0.26 -0.37 -0.42 -0.34 -0.40 -0.30 -1.16 -0.64 -1.63 -1.33 -1.83 12.78 11.74 6.55 7.33 -1.50 0.53 0.62 0.69 0.71 0.712
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.355
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.439
CapEx/Revenue 12.4% 14.2% 13.0% 14.7% 16.2% 13.7% 13.1% 15.5% 14.8% 16.6% 23.9% 29.7% 67.8% 51.4% 33.9% 25.1% 20.4% 18.3% 17.2% 18.0% 17.96%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.553
Accruals Ratio -0.15 -0.12 -0.10 -0.09 -0.05 -0.06 -0.04 -0.10 -0.11 -0.11 -0.07 0.14 0.17 0.20 0.22 0.03 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 0.13 0.134
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.117
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.445
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.250
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 38.3% 18.4% 12.9% 17.5% 11.3% 12.9% 17.6% 13.2% 13.3% 8.1% 4.5% 6.3% 9.0% 11.0% 10.5% 11.2% 18.7% 16.8% 8.9% 7.4% 3.98%
Dividend/Share $39.21 $26.04 $27.59 $31.84 $48.64 $40.95 $61.86 $51.39 $33.36 $39.76 $29.00 $37.98 $52.48 $55.72 $58.99 $60.00 $94.93 $106.43 $68.58 $85.38 $55.50
Payout Ratio — — — — 2.8% 20.7% 6.6% — — — — 19.9% 24.1% 25.5% 25.2% 76.1% 67.6% 72.1% 45.8% 20.1% 20.13%
FCF Payout Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 1.0% 51.8% 56.7% 56.73%
Total Payout Ratio — — — — 2.9% 22.3% 7.2% — — — — 21.4% 25.4% 26.2% 25.2% 76.2% 67.6% 72.1% 46.6% 20.4% 20.43%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
Chowder Number 0.36 -0.37 -0.34 -0.20 0.37 0.70 1.42 0.75 -0.18 0.05 -0.49 -0.20 0.66 0.51 1.14 0.69 1.00 1.08 0.25 0.50 0.497
Buyback Yield 2.2% 1.6% 1.5% 1.7% 0.7% 1.0% 1.5% 1.5% 2.4% 1.4% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.1% 0.11%
Net Buyback Yield 1.2% 0.9% 1.5% 1.6% 0.7% 0.9% 1.4% -3.3% -5.2% -24.7% -23.2% -21.9% -22.6% -4.8% 0.0% -1.8% -1.9% -1.6% -1.1% 0.1% 0.08%
Total Shareholder Return 39.5% 19.3% 14.4% 19.2% 12.0% 13.8% 19.0% 9.9% 8.2% -16.5% -18.7% -15.6% -13.6% 6.3% 10.5% 9.5% 16.8% 15.2% 7.8% 7.5% 7.52%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.81 0.80 0.66 0.47 1.00 0.21 0.34 2.64 1.03 0.81 0.35 1.92 5.04 -4.93 8.83 -0.72 -9.26 1.77 2.67 1.17 1.170
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) -4.55 -19.61 -3.69 -4.00 0.59 0.33 0.49 -0.19 -3.23 28.81 6.27 0.60 0.61 -0.74 0.41 1.03 -0.32 1.05 0.40 0.82 0.819
EBIT Margin 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.02 -0.00 -0.02 0.39 0.34 0.23 0.21 -0.32 0.14 0.23 0.40 1.30 1.303
Asset Turnover 1.19 0.93 0.83 0.68 0.54 0.63 0.85 0.94 0.93 0.80 0.58 0.30 0.15 0.21 0.28 0.23 0.25 0.28 0.27 0.21 0.214
Equity Multiplier 9.81 13.79 7.25 7.28 7.77 7.63 4.74 4.87 5.01 4.55 3.77 3.26 3.31 2.90 2.27 2.28 2.13 2.08 2.05 2.02 2.021
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $-43.51 $-34.42 $-29.98 $-25.21 $17.63 $1.98 $9.33 $-17.21 $-69.99 $-68.07 $-29.37 $191.17 $217.74 $218.44 $234.37 $78.88 $140.41 $147.62 $149.78 $424.10 $424.10
Book Value/Share $108.28 $96.42 $294.27 $278.64 $277.79 $296.34 $260.35 $253.64 $251.31 $235.49 $384.70 $614.06 $588.13 $614.67 $604.74 $659.27 $709.55 $609.18 $629.94 $910.62 $967.82
Tangible Book/Share $-263.55 $-46.62 $167.24 $151.88 $141.91 $154.17 $102.56 $96.74 $86.26 $112.95 $246.18 $456.81 $493.65 $551.27 $543.77 $601.35 $656.15 $555.57 $600.44 $886.66 $886.66
Revenue/Share $1467.79 $1376.83 $1237.61 $993.86 $803.49 $939.74 $1123.23 $1216.53 $1230.07 $973.19 $708.20 $425.71 $209.91 $262.62 $312.92 $336.34 $347.33 $351.40 $343.27 $339.64 $164.74
FCF/Share $-37.63 $-52.55 $-47.67 $-37.07 $-37.48 $-30.00 $-79.17 $-73.13 $-112.85 $-92.07 $-109.67 $-137.08 $-155.46 $-159.37 $-122.71 $-50.77 $80.95 $103.31 $132.50 $150.50 $41.64
OCF/Share $144.27 $142.55 $112.91 $109.34 $92.80 $98.60 $68.44 $114.96 $69.41 $69.19 $59.86 $-10.73 $-13.24 $-24.33 $-16.73 $33.74 $151.82 $167.75 $191.60 $211.51 $66.06
Cash/Share $141.37 $140.28 $171.35 $107.19 $142.38 $131.76 $145.38 $161.80 $141.44 $160.77 $199.05 $243.55 $177.78 $158.92 $113.34 $161.88 $169.08 $66.12 $38.73 $41.70 $41.70
EBITDA/Share $88.01 $76.29 $76.34 $23.30 $75.69 $82.92 $120.93 $103.27 $93.80 $58.02 $33.96 $202.19 $99.35 $94.63 $105.91 $-66.37 $85.86 $115.32 $174.18 $481.78 $481.78
Debt/Share $706.18 $401.16 $410.59 $383.16 $389.77 $409.69 $586.19 $637.47 $667.09 $597.60 $435.58 $475.34 $475.61 $470.11 $403.61 $540.58 $513.02 $476.27 $574.58 $615.96 $615.96
Net Debt/Share $564.82 $260.88 $239.25 $275.98 $247.39 $277.92 $440.81 $475.67 $525.65 $436.83 $236.53 $231.79 $297.83 $311.18 $290.27 $378.69 $343.94 $410.15 $535.85 $574.27 $574.27
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.867
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 5.544
Piotroski F-Score 4 4 5 4 6 4 5 6 4 4 5 4 5 3 4 5 7 7 6 4 4
Beneish M-Score 0.55 -3.64 -3.51 0.56 -3.25 40.03 -35.75 21.00 17.35 -3.73 -4.33 -3.97 1.32 -0.84 0.01 -4.78 -2.32 -3.43 1.95 1.98 1.984
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -10.741
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 98.58%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-553.47
EVA snapshot only $16233215509.69
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'15 Q2'16 Q4'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A
Credit Score 14.23 17.26 26.19 21.83 29.04 27.30 26.34 24.89 23.91 21.74 33.01 54.52 40.86 28.70 39.99 32.32 36.89 44.26 52.43 73.39 73.393
Credit Grade snapshot only 6
Credit Trend snapshot only 41.073
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 150.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 78
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 61

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