— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: AKZA.AS (AMS) · $vol 32M · AKZOY (OTC) · $vol 3M

AKZOF OTC

Akzo Nobel N.V.
1W: +3.6% 1M: +3.7% 3M: -1.7% YTD: +2.0% 1Y: -7.8% 3Y: -12.8% 5Y: -32.1%
$66.37
+0.00 (+0.00%)
Pre-Market: $65.44 (-0.93, -1.40%)
Weekly Expected Move ±4.9%
$61 $64 $67 $71 $74
OTC · Basic Materials · Chemicals - Specialty · Tech Score Buy · Power 65 · $11.4B mcap · 154M float · 0.0004% daily turnover · Short 45% of daily vol
Credit Risk of going bust: higher than 62% of companies Debt: 39.2% of company value Bonds: none of note held by US funds details ▾
If the stock fell to about $3.59 (down 95%), Akzo Nobel N.V. would be worth roughly what it owes.
Total debt $7.33B against a stock market value of $11.38B.
Distance to default 4.08 (Merton model): prices to 2026-10-26, balance sheet 2026-06-30, debt counted $4.27B (short-term plus half of long-term), stock volatility 42.7%; Altman Z'' 3.63. A ranking and a back-test, not a forecast.
US fund filings (SEC N-PORT) show under $25M of this company's bonds, so there is no bond page. Its debt may be bank loans or privately placed. How these are computed.

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 27, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
4
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
2
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. AKZOF receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-26 A- B+
2026-10-02 B+ A-
2026-07-31 A- B+
2026-07-24 B+ A-
2026-07-23 A- B+
2026-07-18 B+ A-
2026-07-02 A- B+
2026-06-30 None ADDED
2026-06-28 EXISTED None
2026-06-22 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade B
Profitability
41
Balance Sheet
70
Earnings Quality
72
Growth
52
Value
—
Momentum
80
Safety
—
Cash Flow
43

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.46
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-7.73
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB+
Score: 63.7/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.21x
Accruals: -0.9%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. AKZOF scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. AKZOF's score of -2.46 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. AKZOF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. AKZOF receives an estimated rating of BBB+ (score: 63.7/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). AKZOF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
15.44x
PEG
0.02x
P/S
1.02x
P/B
2.08x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$49.72
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 15.4x earnings, AKZOF trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $49.72 per share, 33% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.646
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.539
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.191
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.652
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
3.405
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
14.8%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. AKZOF's ROE of 14.8% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 3.41x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$147.28
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with AKZOF's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. AKZOF actually compounded EPS at 16.3% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. AKZOF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $147.28, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 15.4x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$66.37
Median 1Y
$61.47
5th Pctile
$34.44
95th Pctile
$109.86
Ann. Volatility
34.6%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
ROE 14.8% 13.5% 11.2% 10.0% 7.4% 6.1% 6.7% 8.8% 10.2% 11.8% 13.6% 12.5% 12.2% 10.2% 9.6% 1.4% 13.8% 13.0% 14.1% 14.8% 14.80%
ROA 6.1% 5.3% 4.1% 3.7% 2.5% 2.0% 2.0% 2.7% 3.0% 3.7% 4.0% 3.7% 3.8% 3.2% 2.9% 0.4% 4.5% 4.1% 4.2% 4.3% 4.35%
ROIC 11.2% 9.9% 7.5% 6.8% 5.4% 4.7% 5.1% 6.7% 7.7% 8.2% 8.8% 8.1% 7.6% 6.6% 6.3% 3.0% 7.2% 7.3% 8.0% 10.2% 10.22%
ROCE 13.1% 11.0% 9.2% 8.8% 8.0% 7.2% 8.2% 10.0% 11.1% 11.7% 11.7% 10.4% 10.3% 9.1% 9.6% 5.7% 12.0% 11.0% 10.9% 15.9% 15.93%
Gross Margin 37.8% 38.9% 36.2% 34.2% 35.7% 37.0% 40.4% 40.9% 40.5% 41.2% 41.0% 40.6% 39.2% 40.1% 39.5% 40.3% 39.5% 41.0% 41.9% 40.0% 40.03%
Operating Margin 8.5% 9.2% 7.2% 5.9% 4.0% 6.8% 10.2% 12.9% 7.6% 9.9% 9.7% 9.7% 4.8% 7.3% 8.1% 11.1% 5.3% 10.4% 11.9% 21.7% 21.71%
Net Margin 7.8% 6.1% 3.7% 2.9% 0.7% 3.5% 4.3% 6.9% 1.6% 6.9% 6.4% 6.1% 0.8% 4.1% 4.7% -7.6% 25.2% 3.9% 5.4% -7.0% -7.01%
EBITDA Margin 14.1% 13.6% 10.2% 9.5% 6.9% 10.4% 14.5% 15.8% 12.5% 13.5% 13.8% 14.5% 8.6% 11.2% 12.9% 1.3% 37.3% 14.3% 15.4% 25.6% 25.57%
FCF Margin 3.3% 2.5% 0.2% -1.4% -0.3% 0.2% 3.6% 5.4% 8.9% 7.9% 6.3% 6.1% 3.4% 3.7% 4.6% 5.2% 6.0% 6.6% 6.3% 5.0% 5.04%
OCF Margin 6.3% 5.4% 3.1% 1.4% 2.4% 2.9% 6.2% 7.8% 11.3% 10.2% 8.8% 8.8% 6.3% 6.8% 7.7% 8.2% 9.0% 9.6% 9.2% 8.1% 8.07%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 9.02%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 9.39%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 2.70%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 6.64%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 7.27%
Cash ROA snapshot only 4.88%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 9.85%
CROIC snapshot only 6.16%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 8.37%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 10.32%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 28.94%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 15.444
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.020
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.078
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.016
Graham Number snapshot only $49.72
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.10 1.30 1.17 1.16 1.09 1.10 1.13 1.16 1.06 1.12 1.10 1.21 1.23 1.36 1.23 1.25 1.44 1.72 1.88 1.93 1.926
Quick Ratio 0.76 0.96 0.82 0.79 0.77 0.77 0.82 0.86 0.77 0.78 0.77 0.89 0.87 0.99 0.91 0.92 1.08 1.35 1.49 1.55 1.550
Debt/Equity 0.65 0.95 1.10 1.04 1.36 1.31 1.45 1.37 1.29 1.12 1.21 1.37 1.17 1.27 1.40 1.36 1.04 1.25 1.36 1.34 1.340
Net Debt/Equity 0.43 0.49 0.74 0.77 0.94 0.97 1.04 0.93 0.88 0.88 0.95 0.89 0.85 0.89 1.03 1.02 0.63 0.63 0.64 0.64 0.637
Debt/Assets 0.26 0.33 0.35 0.34 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.37 0.41 0.38 0.40 0.41 0.39 0.35 0.39 0.41 0.41 0.406
Debt/EBITDA 2.32 3.53 4.42 4.27 5.41 5.69 5.41 4.66 3.91 3.41 3.64 4.33 3.97 4.57 4.70 6.02 3.13 3.83 3.96 2.92 2.916
Net Debt/EBITDA 1.53 1.83 2.99 3.17 3.77 4.19 3.87 3.19 2.66 2.68 2.86 2.82 2.88 3.19 3.44 4.53 1.90 1.93 1.88 1.39 1.386
Interest Coverage 13.91 12.00 7.74 6.51 5.74 4.21 4.51 4.57 4.65 6.23 6.05 6.62 6.82 5.78 4.85 2.89 6.30 6.23 7.05 9.57 9.567
Equity Multiplier 2.56 2.87 3.11 3.03 3.40 3.32 3.54 3.42 3.37 3.13 3.24 3.35 3.12 3.21 3.40 3.54 2.99 3.17 3.32 3.30 3.301
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.781
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 11.494
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.525
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.075
Defensive Interval snapshot only 834.2 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.71 0.68 0.68 0.73 0.76 0.72 0.70 0.70 0.73 0.74 0.73 0.70 0.74 0.73 0.73 0.71 0.72 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.652
Inventory Turnover 4.08 3.80 3.60 3.73 3.96 3.82 3.55 3.50 3.68 3.49 3.52 3.57 3.78 3.59 3.64 3.71 3.76 3.51 3.52 3.61 3.610
Receivables Turnover 5.15 4.56 4.32 4.60 5.30 4.78 4.38 4.29 4.95 4.48 4.31 4.31 4.95 4.06 4.06 4.09 4.47 3.63 3.68 3.68 3.676
Payables Turnover 2.60 2.61 2.57 2.76 3.02 3.04 2.78 2.71 2.85 2.94 2.77 2.39 2.52 2.60 2.60 2.23 2.25 2.16 2.13 2.06 2.055
DSO 71 80 85 79 69 76 83 85 74 82 85 85 74 90 90 89 82 100 99 99 99.3 days
DIO 89 96 101 98 92 95 103 104 99 105 104 102 96 102 100 98 97 104 104 101 101.1 days
DPO 140 140 142 132 121 120 131 134 128 124 132 153 145 140 140 164 162 169 172 178 177.6 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 20 36 44 45 40 52 55 55 45 62 57 34 26 51 50 24 17 35 31 23 22.8 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 4.175
Operating Cycle snapshot only 200.4 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 2.842
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.652
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Revenue 12.4% 12.8% 10.1% 13.3% 13.1% 11.5% 6.6% 1.0% -1.6% -3.0% -1.6% -1.2% 0.4% 0.3% -1.6% -2.0% -5.1% -6.9% -5.9% -5.5% -5.52%
Net Income 31.6% 4.5% -29.4% -34.4% -56.5% -60.7% -48.8% -21.3% 22.4% 75.7% 87.9% 34.4% 22.6% -11.5% -29.4% -89.7% 17.1% 32.7% 53.2% 10.3% 10.31%
EPS 38.0% 11.0% -24.6% -30.6% -53.5% -59.0% -47.2% -20.3% 23.1% 75.6% 86.5% 35.3% 22.5% -12.5% -29.6% -89.7% 16.4% 33.8% 54.0% 10.3% 10.28%
FCF -67.0% -77.2% -97.7% -1.2% -1.1% -92.7% 17.4% 5.0% 33.6% 46.0% 74.6% 12.7% -61.2% -53.3% -28.8% -16.7% 65.2% 67.1% 30.1% -8.1% -8.07%
EBITDA 12.0% -1.7% -22.2% -20.2% -29.1% -30.7% -13.1% 3.4% 31.1% 47.6% 32.4% 12.0% -5.0% -14.3% -16.4% -38.2% 14.6% 24.1% 33.4% 1.5% 1.54%
Op. Income 16.1% -3.0% -30.9% -29.9% -36.7% -37.2% -15.7% 13.3% 42.4% 65.2% 47.1% 7.0% -9.1% -22.1% -26.5% -16.7% -11.0% 3.0% 22.0% 49.3% 49.32%
OCF Growth snapshot only -6.81%
Asset Growth snapshot only 16.69%
Equity Growth snapshot only 24.99%
Debt Growth snapshot only 22.99%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.23%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -4.17%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 1.2% 2.1% 3.2% 4.4% 5.4% 6.3% 7.8% 7.9% 7.7% 6.8% 4.9% 4.2% 3.8% 2.7% 1.1% -0.7% -2.1% -3.2% -3.0% -2.9% -2.91%
Revenue 5Y -7.6% -7.4% -6.8% -6.0% -4.1% -1.5% 0.6% 3.1% 2.9% 2.8% 2.9% 2.6% 2.9% 3.2% 3.9% 4.0% 3.6% 2.6% 1.4% 0.9% 0.92%
EPS 3Y -46.3% -46.2% -51.2% -53.8% -8.1% -16.5% -10.4% -5.2% -7.6% -7.2% -9.4% -9.2% -11.2% -14.3% -11.5% -51.9% 20.6% 27.1% 26.5% 16.3% 16.29%
EPS 5Y 0.9% -0.1% -3.9% -5.1% -10.7% -12.0% -10.5% -7.0% -38.4% -35.5% -35.2% -36.1% 3.2% -2.2% -1.1% -34.7% 2.4% -1.3% -4.2% -2.7% -2.73%
Net Income 3Y -50.1% -50.9% -54.4% -56.2% -12.5% -20.0% -13.6% -8.4% -11.1% -10.3% -12.1% -11.4% -13.2% -15.1% -12.1% -52.2% 20.7% 27.3% 26.7% 16.2% 16.19%
Net Income 5Y -3.1% -4.6% -8.6% -9.8% -15.4% -18.7% -17.4% -14.2% -41.9% -39.4% -38.1% -38.3% 0.1% -4.5% -3.1% -36.1% 0.2% -3.3% -6.0% -4.1% -4.11%
EBITDA 3Y 21.7% 18.5% 7.4% 4.7% -5.1% -8.8% -3.0% -0.7% 1.3% 0.2% -3.6% -2.6% -4.1% -4.3% -1.3% -10.6% 12.6% 16.2% 13.9% 20.6% 20.64%
EBITDA 5Y -0.0% 2.4% 5.3% 8.5% -2.7% -2.1% 1.4% 7.0% 10.9% 11.2% 7.4% 5.9% 1.3% -0.8% 0.2% -7.5% 2.5% 1.4% -0.0% 7.7% 7.70%
Gross Profit 3Y -0.6% -0.6% -0.8% -0.5% -0.4% -0.5% 1.9% 3.1% 3.8% 4.0% 2.9% 3.4% 4.0% 3.7% 2.9% 2.0% 1.1% 0.5% 0.3% -1.2% -1.18%
Gross Profit 5Y -8.5% -8.7% -8.5% -8.0% -6.6% -4.4% -2.0% 0.9% 1.5% 2.1% 2.1% 1.8% 1.8% 1.6% 2.1% 1.9% 1.4% 0.7% 0.1% 0.4% 0.38%
Op. Income 3Y 22.7% 19.7% 6.1% 3.2% -5.6% -10.4% -3.5% 0.9% 1.5% 0.2% -5.0% -5.3% -6.4% -6.8% -3.0% 0.3% 4.8% 9.9% 9.7% 10.0% 9.97%
Op. Income 5Y -5.9% -7.4% -10.2% -10.0% -11.4% -8.5% -1.2% 6.3% 10.7% 12.2% 8.2% 5.9% 1.7% -1.5% -0.5% -1.8% -3.3% -4.2% -5.1% 1.1% 1.10%
FCF 3Y — — — — — -63.6% -10.0% -4.6% -0.6% -7.8% -10.0% -4.8% 5.0% 17.1% 1.8% — — 2.3% 17.4% -4.8% -4.81%
FCF 5Y -13.7% -19.2% -48.5% — — -36.1% — — — — — — — 1.1% -2.0% -4.0% -8.8% -9.4% -7.5% -8.0% -7.96%
OCF 3Y — — — 36.5% 99.7% -19.2% -3.7% -2.1% -0.3% -6.9% -8.2% -3.6% 3.6% 11.0% 37.4% 78.4% 51.6% 44.8% 10.7% -2.0% -1.99%
OCF 5Y -14.1% -16.9% -23.6% -31.9% -18.8% -11.3% 19.4% — — — — 73.7% 82.8% 4.1% 1.6% -1.1% -5.6% -6.7% -5.5% -5.3% -5.30%
Assets 3Y -9.6% -0.7% 3.9% 3.4% 4.3% 3.6% 4.0% 4.3% 3.4% 2.2% 1.4% 4.5% 0.9% -1.7% -4.3% -3.6% -1.8% 2.0% 2.7% 2.6% 2.61%
Assets 5Y -3.0% -1.3% 0.3% -0.3% -1.8% -2.4% -2.4% -2.0% -5.0% -2.2% 0.1% 1.8% 1.9% 2.4% 1.4% 1.0% 1.1% 3.0% 3.0% 3.8% 3.84%
Equity 3Y -22.9% -14.2% -10.1% -9.0% -12.0% -12.0% -10.5% -9.1% -9.1% -8.1% -7.8% -6.0% -5.5% -5.3% -7.1% -8.4% 2.4% 3.5% 4.9% 3.9% 3.88%
Book Value 3Y -17.1% -5.9% -3.8% -4.0% -7.6% -8.1% -7.1% -5.9% -5.4% -4.9% -5.1% -3.6% -3.3% -4.4% -6.4% -7.9% 2.4% 3.4% 4.8% 4.0% 3.96%
Dividend 3Y 8.1% 10.4% 6.0% 4.1% 2.8% 1.6% 1.6% 0.7% 2.1% 2.2% 2.1% 2.8% 5.0% 3.0% 3.6% 2.6% -2.2% -2.4% -3.3% -1.3% -1.25%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.63 0.59 0.49 0.41 0.28 0.08 0.05 0.59 0.57 0.62 0.80 0.74 0.76 0.75 0.71 0.56 0.42 0.27 0.14 0.10 0.096
Earnings Stability 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.45 0.46 0.45 0.45 0.11 0.27 0.17 0.51 0.06 0.14 0.17 0.18 0.182
Margin Stability 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.97 0.970
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.87 0.98 0.88 0.86 0.50 0.50 0.80 0.91 0.91 0.50 0.50 0.86 0.91 0.95 0.88 0.50 0.93 0.87 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.73 0.96 0.66 0.59 0.21 0.13 0.35 0.76 0.80 0.45 0.39 0.71 0.80 0.88 0.66 0.00 0.84 0.72 0.58 0.00 0.000
ROE Trend 0.06 0.03 0.00 -0.02 -0.05 -0.06 -0.06 -0.03 -0.02 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.01 -0.00 -0.09 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.064
Gross Margin Trend -0.03 -0.05 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.04 -0.01 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.003
FCF Margin Trend -0.01 -0.06 -0.08 -0.09 -0.08 -0.07 -0.02 0.02 0.07 0.07 0.04 0.04 -0.01 -0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.00 0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.006
Sustainable Growth Rate 7.8% 6.5% 4.2% 2.9% -0.1% -1.3% -0.9% 1.5% 2.2% 4.0% 5.5% 4.7% 3.8% 2.1% 0.8% -7.4% 6.1% 5.7% 6.5% 6.7% 6.69%
Internal Growth Rate 3.3% 2.6% 1.6% 1.1% — — — 0.5% 0.7% 1.2% 1.7% 1.4% 1.2% 0.7% 0.3% — 2.1% 1.8% 2.0% 2.0% 2.00%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.73 0.70 0.51 0.28 0.73 1.05 2.15 2.02 2.74 2.06 1.59 1.66 1.24 1.56 1.96 14.68 1.44 1.54 1.43 1.21 1.210
FCF/OCF 0.52 0.46 0.07 -0.97 -0.11 0.06 0.57 0.68 0.78 0.78 0.72 0.69 0.55 0.54 0.59 0.63 0.66 0.69 0.69 0.62 0.625
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.756
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.351
CapEx/Revenue 3.0% 2.9% 2.9% 2.8% 2.7% 2.7% 2.6% 2.5% 2.5% 2.3% 2.4% 2.7% 2.9% 3.1% 3.2% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 2.9% 3.0% 3.03%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.785
Accruals Ratio 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.01 -0.00 -0.02 -0.03 -0.05 -0.04 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.05 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.009
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.167
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.208
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.37%
Dividend/Share $2.14 $2.22 $2.16 $2.18 $2.14 $2.13 $2.09 $2.03 $2.03 $2.06 $2.03 $2.06 $2.20 $2.16 $2.20 $2.19 $2.04 $2.03 $2.01 $2.10 $1.98
Payout Ratio 47.2% 51.6% 62.2% 71.4% 1.0% 1.2% 1.1% 83.5% 78.5% 66.4% 59.2% 62.6% 69.2% 79.7% 91.3% 6.4% 55.3% 56.0% 54.2% 54.8% 54.79%
FCF Payout Ratio 1.2% 1.6% 18.1% — — 20.2% 92.5% 60.7% 36.7% 41.5% 51.6% 54.3% 1.0% 94.4% 79.0% 69.3% 57.9% 52.7% 55.2% 72.4% 72.43%
Total Payout Ratio 1.8% 2.0% 2.3% 2.3% 2.9% 2.8% 2.1% 1.3% 78.5% 66.4% 59.2% 62.6% 69.2% 79.7% 91.3% 6.4% 55.3% 56.0% 54.2% 54.8% 54.79%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.75 0.74 0.74 0.71 0.60 0.57 0.54 0.57 0.57 0.60 0.67 0.68 0.65 0.62 0.60 0.17 0.64 0.64 0.63 0.65 0.646
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.93 0.92 0.88 0.86 0.84 0.81 0.77 0.79 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.84 0.85 0.82 0.79 0.67 0.85 0.80 0.79 0.54 0.539
EBIT Margin 0.12 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.05 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.19 0.191
Asset Turnover 0.71 0.68 0.68 0.73 0.76 0.72 0.70 0.70 0.73 0.74 0.73 0.70 0.74 0.73 0.73 0.71 0.72 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.652
Equity Multiplier 2.42 2.56 2.76 2.73 2.93 3.07 3.30 3.21 3.39 3.22 3.39 3.39 3.24 3.17 3.32 3.44 3.05 3.19 3.36 3.41 3.405
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $4.53 $4.31 $3.47 $3.05 $2.10 $1.77 $1.83 $2.43 $2.59 $3.10 $3.42 $3.29 $3.17 $2.71 $2.41 $0.34 $3.69 $3.63 $3.71 $3.83 $3.83
Book Value/Share $29.64 $30.66 $29.58 $29.44 $25.27 $25.92 $24.58 $25.56 $25.33 $26.82 $26.01 $26.80 $26.78 $26.79 $24.22 $23.03 $27.10 $28.62 $28.27 $28.72 $29.28
Tangible Book/Share $9.48 $9.74 $5.16 $4.85 $1.52 $2.19 $0.90 $1.40 $1.41 $2.78 $2.40 $3.32 $3.07 $3.67 $2.22 $0.85 $5.01 $6.13 $5.78 $7.75 $7.75
Revenue/Share $52.38 $55.42 $57.94 $61.17 $63.24 $64.39 $63.69 $62.54 $62.53 $62.43 $62.23 $62.18 $62.71 $61.91 $61.12 $60.88 $59.14 $58.09 $57.78 $57.38 $57.67
FCF/Share $1.73 $1.38 $0.12 $-0.83 $-0.17 $0.11 $2.26 $3.35 $5.54 $4.96 $3.92 $3.79 $2.15 $2.29 $2.79 $3.16 $3.53 $3.85 $3.64 $2.89 $2.92
OCF/Share $3.31 $3.01 $1.79 $0.86 $1.53 $1.85 $3.94 $4.91 $7.09 $6.39 $5.45 $5.46 $3.94 $4.24 $4.73 $4.98 $5.33 $5.59 $5.31 $4.63 $4.66
Cash/Share $6.61 $14.06 $10.56 $7.87 $10.41 $8.97 $10.16 $11.08 $10.42 $6.44 $6.80 $12.76 $8.59 $10.27 $9.09 $7.75 $11.17 $17.78 $20.19 $20.19 $19.91
EBITDA/Share $8.37 $8.28 $7.36 $7.16 $6.33 $5.98 $6.59 $7.50 $8.35 $8.82 $8.66 $8.45 $7.92 $7.47 $7.23 $5.21 $9.02 $9.35 $9.69 $13.19 $13.19
Debt/Share $19.40 $29.18 $32.54 $30.55 $34.26 $33.98 $35.67 $34.96 $32.61 $30.06 $31.55 $36.59 $31.43 $34.11 $33.94 $31.36 $28.28 $35.82 $38.40 $38.47 $38.47
Net Debt/Share $12.79 $15.12 $21.97 $22.68 $23.84 $25.01 $25.52 $23.88 $22.19 $23.63 $24.75 $23.82 $22.84 $23.84 $24.85 $23.60 $17.11 $18.04 $18.22 $18.28 $18.28
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 5 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 7 7 6 6 7 4 4 6 7 8 8 5 5
Beneish M-Score -2.15 -2.23 -2.18 -2.10 -2.40 -2.46 -2.72 -2.76 -2.46 -2.67 -2.58 -2.62 -2.49 -2.44 -2.57 -2.60 -2.44 -2.59 -2.51 -2.46 -2.462
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -7.732
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 29.16%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-15.34
EVA snapshot only $17808426.24
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB+
Credit Score 63.80 61.85 55.90 51.30 48.80 45.95 48.65 49.65 52.95 56.70 55.20 55.65 56.25 54.75 51.00 46.75 58.95 60.30 61.30 63.70 63.700
Credit Grade snapshot only 8
Credit Trend snapshot only 16.950
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 225.000

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