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ALESE.PA PAR

Entech S.A.
1W: -7.2% 1M: -9.9% 3M: -13.1% YTD: -7.2% 1Y: +13.2% 3Y: +12.9%
€9.66 ($10.82)
+0.40 (+4.32%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±5.4%
€8 €9 €9 €10 €10
PAR · Utilities · Renewable Utilities · Tech Score Sell · Power 51 · €136.3M mcap · 5M float · 0.388% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
3
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
1
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. ALESE.PA receives an overall rating of C. Strongest factors: ROA (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), D/E (1/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-05-04 C+ C
2026-04-30 D+ C+
2026-04-17 None ADDED
2026-01-04 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 56 Grade C
Profitability
20
Balance Sheet
56
Earnings Quality
55
Growth
76
Value
18
Momentum
100
Safety
65
Cash Flow
59
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. ALESE.PA scores highest in Momentum (100/100) and lowest in Value (18/100). A grade of C represents mixed fundamentals — strengths in some areas offset by weaknesses.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
2.71
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-1.62
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-5.54
Bankruptcy prob: 0.4%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB-
Score: 54.6/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 5.66x
Accruals: -10.2%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. ALESE.PA scores 2.71, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. ALESE.PA scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. ALESE.PA's score of -1.62 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. ALESE.PA's implied 0.4% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. ALESE.PA receives an estimated rating of BBB- (score: 54.6/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). ALESE.PA's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
190.93x
PEG
-348.13x
P/S
1.83x
P/B
4.87x
P/FCF
11.61x
P/OCF
14.17x
EV/EBITDA
17.83x
EV/Revenue
1.12x
EV/EBIT
34.59x
EV/FCF
12.38x
Earnings Yield
1.25%
FCF Yield
8.62%
Shareholder Yield
0.01%
Graham Number
$1.97
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 190.9x earnings, ALESE.PA is priced for high growth expectations. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $1.97 per share, 371% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
1.706
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.237
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.032
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.674
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.697
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
5.9%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. ALESE.PA's ROE of 5.9% is driven by Asset Turnover (1.674), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue. A tax burden ratio of 1.71 indicates minimal tax leakage — the company retains over 90% of pre-tax earnings.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
$0.84
Price/Value
9.44x
Margin of Safety
-843.82%
Premium
843.82%
Assessment
Overvalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with ALESE.PA's realized 0.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. ALESE.PA trades at a 844% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $0.84, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 8.5x compares to the current market P/E of 190.9x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1247 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$9.26
Median 1Y
$8.93
5th Pctile
$4.16
95th Pctile
$19.25
Ann. Volatility
44.5%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
ROE -0.2% -3.1% -2.7% -14.4% -13.7% -13.3% -13.6% 5.9% 5.89%
ROA -0.1% -2.0% -1.7% -8.4% -7.0% -7.6% -7.5% 2.2% 2.18%
ROIC -0.1% -2.9% -3.3% -12.3% -10.4% -11.3% -11.3% 13.9% 13.90%
ROCE 1.4% -0.9% -1.2% -10.6% -13.6% -13.4% -9.8% 8.2% 8.18%
Gross Margin 8.4% 19.9% 5.6% -1.9% 55.3% 25.3% -14.5% 15.0% 15.00%
Operating Margin 0.5% -6.9% -0.9% -16.8% -1.2% -2.5% 0.2% 8.2% 8.25%
Net Margin -0.5% -6.3% 0.5% -16.9% 0.1% -3.1% 0.1% 5.0% 5.03%
EBITDA Margin 6.8% -6.2% 1.0% -12.9% 4.4% -1.5% 10.2% 10.0% 9.98%
FCF Margin -46.9% -29.7% -19.5% -20.4% -12.9% -3.9% 0.5% 9.0% 9.02%
OCF Margin -42.8% -27.6% -16.8% -16.8% -13.3% -4.2% -0.5% 7.4% 7.39%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 7.77%
Cash ROA snapshot only 8.92%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 24.73%
CROIC snapshot only 30.20%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 4.15%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 0.76%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.19%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 7.28%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio -1487.45 -121.26 -153.68 -29.76 -18.03 -26.71 -23.25 80.23 190.928
P/S Ratio 7.46 4.26 2.60 1.73 0.83 1.05 0.94 1.05 1.825
P/B Ratio 3.43 3.75 4.18 4.30 2.51 3.80 3.40 4.58 4.872
P/FCF -15.93 -14.36 -13.38 -8.47 -6.39 -26.85 189.66 11.61 11.607
P/OCF — — — — — — — 14.17 14.174
EV/EBITDA 101.18 4630.20 491.29 -55.39 -44.84 -84.52 131.06 17.83 17.826
EV/Revenue 6.87 4.01 2.50 1.72 0.91 1.08 0.96 1.12 1.117
EV/EBIT 149.52 -304.14 -273.84 -34.77 -18.03 -26.49 -32.62 34.59 34.587
EV/FCF -14.66 -13.51 -12.86 -8.43 -7.06 -27.74 193.64 12.38 12.382
Earnings Yield -0.1% -0.8% -0.7% -3.4% -5.5% -3.7% -4.3% 1.2% 1.25%
FCF Yield -6.3% -7.0% -7.5% -11.8% -15.6% -3.7% 0.5% 8.6% 8.62%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 5.851
EV/OCF snapshot only 15.120
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 5.191
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 46.653
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 0.01%
Graham Number snapshot only $1.97
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 7.35 6.99 3.72 2.70 1.73 1.94 1.80 1.46 1.459
Quick Ratio 6.67 6.58 3.36 2.13 1.49 1.70 1.62 1.42 1.420
Debt/Equity 0.38 0.24 0.22 0.21 0.64 0.54 0.57 1.42 1.422
Net Debt/Equity -0.27 -0.22 -0.16 -0.02 0.26 0.13 0.07 0.31 0.306
Debt/Assets 0.23 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.39 0.393
Debt/EBITDA 12.28 319.84 26.56 -2.71 -10.42 -11.60 21.56 5.19 5.190
Net Debt/EBITDA -8.78 -289.74 -19.57 0.29 -4.23 -2.71 2.70 1.12 1.116
Interest Coverage 2.46 -1.46 -1.06 -5.36 -8.64 -2.90 -0.99 1.10 1.103
Equity Multiplier 1.66 1.54 1.61 1.71 2.28 1.96 2.04 3.62 3.619
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.589
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 2.141
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.785
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.277
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1847.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.28 0.57 1.00 1.45 1.52 1.95 1.85 1.67 1.674
Inventory Turnover 2.99 9.02 10.46 7.22 10.92 18.33 17.47 18.31 18.312
Receivables Turnover 0.72 1.31 1.94 8.69 3.22 4.31 3.83 5.83 5.828
Payables Turnover 3.27 6.57 7.84 7.80 10.30 22.58 17.95 10.13 10.129
DSO 509 278 188 42 114 85 95 63 62.6 days
DIO 122 40 35 51 33 20 21 20 19.9 days
DPO 112 56 47 47 35 16 20 36 36.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 520 263 176 46 112 88 96 47 46.5 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 214.348
Operating Cycle snapshot only 82.6 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 3.918
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.828
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
Revenue — — — — 5.4% 2.6% 94.7% 87.6% 87.59%
Net Income — — — — -57.6% -3.0% -3.7% 1.4% 1.42%
EPS — — — — -55.2% -3.0% -3.7% 1.4% 1.38%
FCF — — — — -76.9% 52.7% 1.0% 1.8% 1.83%
EBITDA — — — — -2.9% -54.2% 1.8% 4.8% 4.79%
Op. Income — — — — -70.3% -3.8% -2.8% 1.7% 1.73%
OCF Growth snapshot only 1.83%
Asset Growth snapshot only 1.25%
Equity Growth snapshot only 6.70%
Debt Growth snapshot only 6.26%
Shares Change snapshot only 10.32%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Stability — — — — — — — — —
Margin Stability — — — — — — — — —
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Smoothness — — — — — — — — —
ROE Trend — — — — — — — — —
Gross Margin Trend — — — — — — — — —
FCF Margin Trend — — — — — — — — —
Sustainable Growth Rate — — — — — — — 5.9% 5.89%
Internal Growth Rate — — — — — — — 2.2% 2.23%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 85.29 7.84 9.94 2.89 2.89 1.07 0.13 5.66 5.660
FCF/OCF 1.09 1.08 1.16 1.22 0.97 0.93 -0.98 1.22 1.221
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 6.912
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 1.179
CapEx/Revenue 4.1% 2.1% 2.6% 3.6% 2.9% 2.4% 1.8% 0.5% 0.47%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.155
Accruals Ratio 0.12 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.13 0.01 -0.07 -0.10 -0.102
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.058
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 15.681
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.73%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.07
Payout Ratio — — — — — — — 0.0% 0.00%
FCF Payout Ratio — — — — — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Payout Ratio — — — — — — — 0.6% 0.64%
Div. Increase Streak — — — — — — — — —
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.01%
Net Buyback Yield -25.0% -21.2% -18.9% -20.8% -0.0% -0.0% -0.1% -0.0% -0.04%
Total Shareholder Return -25.0% -21.2% -18.9% -20.8% -0.0% -0.0% -0.1% -0.0% -0.04%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) -0.18 1.39 1.02 1.00 0.81 0.80 0.80 1.71 1.706
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.59 1.92 1.82 1.17 1.12 1.20 1.72 0.24 0.237
EBIT Margin 0.05 -0.01 -0.01 -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 0.03 0.032
Asset Turnover 0.28 0.57 1.00 1.45 1.52 1.95 1.85 1.67 1.674
Equity Multiplier 1.66 1.54 1.61 1.71 1.97 1.74 1.81 2.70 2.697
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $-0.00 $-0.06 $-0.06 $-0.26 $-0.25 $-0.25 $-0.26 $0.10 $0.10
Book Value/Share $1.94 $2.03 $2.03 $1.80 $1.81 $1.77 $1.76 $1.74 $1.90
Tangible Book/Share $1.71 $1.78 $1.77 $1.49 $1.44 $1.49 $1.32 $1.36 $1.36
Revenue/Share $0.89 $1.78 $3.27 $4.47 $5.49 $6.42 $6.34 $7.59 $5.09
FCF/Share $-0.42 $-0.53 $-0.64 $-0.91 $-0.71 $-0.25 $0.03 $0.68 $0.63
OCF/Share $-0.38 $-0.49 $-0.55 $-0.75 $-0.73 $-0.27 $-0.03 $0.56 $0.70
Cash/Share $1.28 $0.94 $0.77 $0.42 $0.69 $0.73 $0.88 $1.94 $2.12
EBITDA/Share $0.06 $0.00 $0.02 $-0.14 $-0.11 $-0.08 $0.05 $0.48 $0.48
Debt/Share $0.74 $0.49 $0.44 $0.38 $1.17 $0.95 $1.00 $2.47 $2.47
Net Debt/Share $-0.53 $-0.45 $-0.33 $-0.04 $0.47 $0.22 $0.13 $0.53 $0.53
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — 2.706
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 3.748
Piotroski F-Score 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 6 6
Beneish M-Score — — — — -1.39 -1.86 -2.74 -1.62 -1.620
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -5.536
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 15.87%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $0.25
EVA snapshot only $1418940.88
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB-
Credit Score 70.21 60.40 59.92 69.41 53.23 65.02 54.11 54.61 54.615
Credit Grade snapshot only 10
Credit Trend snapshot only -14.796
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 350.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 67
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 64

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For informational purposes only. Not investment advice. Data sourced from SEC filings. Privacy Terms