— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: 0QLW.L (LSE) · $vol 1M

ALSN.SW SIX

ALSO Holding AG
1W: +5.3% 1M: +2.7% 3M: -0.6% YTD: -2.8% 1Y: -20.4% 3Y: +1.2% 5Y: -26.1%
CHF 199.80 ($241.16)
+7.00 (+3.63%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±4.0%
CHF 184 CHF 192 CHF 200 CHF 208 CHF 216
SIX · Technology · Technology Distributors · Tech Score Buy · Power 53 · CHF 2.5B mcap · 6M float · 0.295% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
3
ROA
3
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. ALSN.SW receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-09-04 A- B+
2026-08-10 B+ A-
2026-07-22 B B+
2026-07-01 B+ B
2026-04-28 B B+
2026-04-07 None ADDED
2026-04-07 EXISTED None
2026-04-01 B+ B
2026-03-24 B B+
2026-03-23 B+ B

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade D
Profitability
27
Balance Sheet
57
Earnings Quality
54
Growth
60
Value
—
Momentum
49
Safety
—
Cash Flow
11

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
2/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-0.53
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.11
Bankruptcy prob: 0.2%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BB+
Score: 47.8/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
25/100
OCF/NI: 0.16x
Accruals: 5.2%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. ALSN.SW scores 2/9, suggesting weak financial fundamentals — the company fails the majority of these accounting tests. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. ALSN.SW's score of -0.53 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. ALSN.SW's implied 0.2% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. ALSN.SW receives an estimated rating of BB+ (score: 47.8/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). ALSN.SW's score of 25/100 is low — reported earnings may not be fully supported by cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
20.05x
PEG
1.45x
P/S
0.19x
P/B
2.22x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$208.00
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 20.1x earnings, ALSN.SW commands a growth premium. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $208.00 per share, suggesting a potential 4% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.704
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.790
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.018
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
6.337
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
3.630
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
22.4%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. ALSN.SW's ROE of 22.4% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 3.63x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
8.70%
Fair P/E
25.91x
Intrinsic Value
$516.56
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with ALSN.SW's realized 8.7% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. ALSN.SW trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $516.56, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 25.9x compares to the current market P/E of 20.1x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$199.80
Median 1Y
$201.81
5th Pctile
$118.51
95th Pctile
$343.47
Ann. Volatility
33.3%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 18.1% 20.5% 27.5% 27.4% 28.0% 27.6% 26.7% 29.4% 30.7% 34.6% 33.8% 35.1% 32.9% 32.1% 27.7% 25.3% 22.5% 21.0% 19.5% 22.4% 22.43%
ROA 5.1% 5.8% 7.8% 8.4% 8.1% 8.4% 7.3% 8.4% 8.7% 10.9% 9.6% 10.9% 10.1% 10.3% 8.7% 8.6% 7.2% 6.1% 5.3% 6.2% 6.18%
ROIC 23.4% 20.1% 23.6% 21.8% 26.4% 20.4% 26.4% 28.8% 35.2% 32.5% 45.5% 25.2% 39.2% 48.8% 48.7% 46.5% 56.4% 19.5% 23.0% 20.7% 20.72%
ROCE 22.5% 24.3% 24.7% 25.8% 28.9% 25.1% 26.1% 29.5% 29.6% 32.4% 33.3% 35.5% 33.3% 34.6% 35.7% 33.7% 31.6% 27.6% 22.7% 26.2% 26.18%
Gross Margin 6.5% 6.3% 5.7% 6.1% 5.4% 5.6% 5.4% 5.5% 5.0% 5.8% 5.7% 6.0% 6.1% 6.9% 6.6% 7.5% 6.8% 7.0% 3.4% 3.8% 3.77%
Operating Margin 1.4% 1.4% 1.7% 1.2% 1.9% 1.2% 1.8% 1.3% 1.8% 1.7% 2.1% 1.9% 1.9% 1.8% 2.4% 1.7% 2.3% 1.6% 1.6% 1.8% 1.79%
Net Margin 0.9% 0.9% 1.2% 0.6% 1.1% 0.7% 1.1% 0.8% 1.3% 1.2% 1.5% 1.1% 1.5% 1.1% 1.4% 1.0% 1.4% 0.7% 0.9% 1.0% 0.97%
EBITDA Margin 1.8% 1.6% 1.9% 1.3% 2.1% 1.6% 2.0% 1.7% 2.0% 2.1% 2.3% 2.3% 2.1% 2.3% 2.6% 2.2% 2.4% 2.1% 2.2% 2.3% 2.33%
FCF Margin 0.7% 0.6% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 1.0% 1.9% 2.0% 2.4% 2.0% 2.2% -0.4% 1.6% 3.2% 2.1% 5.5% 3.5% 0.8% 2.2% 0.1% 0.08%
OCF Margin 0.9% 0.8% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 1.1% 2.0% 2.1% 2.5% 2.1% 2.3% -0.4% 1.6% 3.2% 2.2% 5.6% 3.6% 0.9% 2.3% 0.2% 0.16%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 25.35%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 25.57%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 7.97%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 19.89%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 20.72%
Cash ROA snapshot only 0.79%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 2.55%
CROIC snapshot only 1.27%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 1.26%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 1.39%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 2.42%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 20.051
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.186
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.221
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 1.447
Graham Number snapshot only $208.00
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.49 1.49 1.61 1.63 1.52 1.71 1.47 1.45 1.47 1.57 1.45 1.54 1.48 1.44 1.37 1.38 1.34 1.15 1.22 1.21 1.213
Quick Ratio 0.82 1.49 0.90 1.63 0.86 1.71 0.91 1.45 1.04 1.57 0.96 1.54 0.94 0.94 0.99 0.95 0.96 0.69 0.84 0.70 0.698
Debt/Equity 0.38 0.43 0.58 0.58 0.51 0.79 0.63 0.64 0.52 0.49 0.38 0.42 0.27 0.30 0.25 0.23 0.14 0.32 0.63 0.49 0.488
Net Debt/Equity 0.28 0.35 0.20 0.28 0.15 0.51 0.15 0.15 -0.07 0.08 -0.27 0.34 -0.19 -0.32 -0.39 -0.39 -0.54 0.20 -0.03 0.29 0.290
Debt/Assets 0.11 0.13 0.17 0.18 0.14 0.24 0.16 0.17 0.15 0.16 0.12 0.15 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.08 0.15 0.12 0.117
Debt/EBITDA 0.90 1.00 1.24 1.28 1.08 1.60 1.29 1.20 1.02 0.91 0.76 0.81 0.56 0.58 0.53 0.51 0.33 0.79 1.55 1.03 1.026
Net Debt/EBITDA 0.67 0.81 0.43 0.63 0.32 1.03 0.31 0.28 -0.14 0.15 -0.54 0.66 -0.39 -0.64 -0.80 -0.86 -1.24 0.50 -0.08 0.61 0.609
Interest Coverage 4.60 6.42 16.33 65.74 — — — — — — — — — — — — 56.09 11.51 6.53 4.98 4.984
Equity Multiplier 3.35 3.35 3.46 3.23 3.53 3.25 3.86 3.74 3.51 3.11 3.25 2.86 3.03 3.13 3.09 3.00 3.22 3.75 4.14 4.16 4.162
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.072
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 6.375
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.406
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.033
Defensive Interval snapshot only 664.1 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 8.22 8.40 8.35 9.22 8.45 9.19 7.98 8.89 8.58 9.76 7.95 8.49 7.67 7.84 6.81 6.86 5.87 5.43 5.45 6.34 6.337
Inventory Turnover 20.40 — 19.85 — 20.64 — 21.51 — 26.12 — 24.39 — 25.65 46.25 24.07 46.12 19.79 16.60 20.93 19.30 19.301
Receivables Turnover 25.34 — 29.37 — 29.97 — 30.15 — 25.42 — 32.65 — 20.47 76.07 22.59 71.69 20.53 22.64 17.56 28.04 28.038
Payables Turnover 16.34 14.22 18.98 17.21 18.11 17.74 17.67 16.01 18.38 19.45 16.48 15.43 16.03 15.69 13.93 13.91 11.68 10.78 10.68 12.84 12.837
DSO 14 0 12 0 12 0 12 0 14 0 11 0 18 5 16 5 18 16 21 13 13.0 days
DIO 18 0 18 0 18 0 17 0 14 0 15 0 14 8 15 8 18 22 17 19 18.9 days
DPO 22 26 19 21 20 21 21 23 20 19 22 24 23 23 26 26 31 34 34 28 28.4 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 10 -26 12 -21 10 -21 8 -23 8 -19 4 -24 9 -11 5 -13 5 4 4 3 3.5 days
Operating Cycle snapshot only 31.9 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 106.922
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.196
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 14.2% 12.5% 16.0% 13.8% 21.8% 22.9% 21.5% 26.2% 25.0% 25.0% 18.2% 12.0% 2.5% -4.1% -8.4% -14.2% -15.9% -8.3% 7.0% 27.4% 27.39%
Net Income 12.0% 24.4% 1.1% 94.8% 88.1% 61.6% 17.8% 30.3% 32.4% 53.0% 56.8% 51.9% 33.0% 12.5% -2.9% -15.8% -22.0% -22.0% -18.6% -1.0% -1.04%
EPS 12.0% 24.5% 1.1% 94.7% 88.1% 61.3% 18.0% 30.4% 32.3% 53.1% 56.8% 51.8% 34.3% 16.5% 2.2% -11.9% -19.1% -24.0% -22.2% -4.0% -3.97%
FCF 7.0% 5.4% 1.3% 80.4% 54.5% 1.0% 1.4% 1.7% 2.4% 1.6% 37.1% -1.2% -32.8% 51.2% -12.9% 12.4% 87.8% -76.4% 9.0% -98.2% -98.21%
EBITDA 15.2% 18.2% 37.4% 25.8% 34.2% 31.7% 22.8% 40.5% 31.3% 39.5% 33.9% 30.5% 21.6% 10.6% 5.6% -8.2% -8.2% -4.8% 1.4% 23.8% 23.83%
Op. Income -16.2% -26.2% -22.0% -13.7% 11.6% 23.3% 27.3% 38.9% 23.9% 37.7% 32.7% 33.6% 24.7% 11.4% 5.5% -10.3% -8.6% -6.5% -5.7% 15.7% 15.70%
OCF Growth snapshot only -96.46%
Asset Growth snapshot only 64.57%
Equity Growth snapshot only 18.58%
Debt Growth snapshot only 1.47%
Shares Change snapshot only 3.05%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 16.86%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 34.7% 25.8% 22.3% 14.5% 15.3% 15.2% 17.7% 19.1% 20.3% 20.0% 18.6% 17.2% 16.0% 13.8% 9.6% 6.7% 2.5% 3.2% 5.0% 7.0% 6.98%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — 73.8% 46.2% 41.3% 30.1% 25.1% 21.3% 16.2% 14.5% 12.9% 12.0% 10.2% 8.4% 8.7% 10.3% 11.9% 11.95%
EPS 3Y 11.4% 10.1% 60.5% 35.8% 49.2% 39.4% 33.4% 39.9% 40.7% 45.4% 56.6% 56.8% 49.5% 42.2% 23.6% 20.4% 12.9% 10.7% 7.6% 8.7% 8.70%
EPS 5Y — — — — — 73.9% 53.1% 46.4% 28.0% 26.9% 50.2% 37.7% 42.6% 37.0% 30.6% 29.7% 24.8% 22.2% 25.0% 26.7% 26.68%
Net Income 3Y 43.1% 41.5% 60.7% 35.9% 49.2% 39.4% 33.3% 39.9% 40.7% 45.4% 56.6% 56.8% 49.1% 40.6% 21.5% 18.6% 11.2% 10.3% 7.4% 8.2% 8.17%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — 1.0% 78.0% 70.2% 48.8% 47.6% 50.3% 37.8% 42.4% 36.1% 29.2% 28.5% 23.7% 22.0% 24.9% 26.3% 26.29%
EBITDA 3Y 35.8% 27.4% 34.3% 17.9% 22.7% 20.4% 21.6% 26.2% 26.6% 29.5% 31.2% 32.1% 28.9% 26.7% 20.2% 18.9% 13.6% 13.7% 12.8% 14.0% 14.03%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — 93.7% 48.0% 46.5% 34.6% 30.6% 31.8% 24.6% 24.1% 21.9% 20.5% 19.2% 17.8% 18.0% 19.3% 21.3% 21.25%
Gross Profit 3Y 45.8% 32.6% 23.9% 13.5% 10.9% 9.7% 11.4% 12.5% 13.2% 13.4% 12.8% 12.6% 12.8% 12.4% 10.8% 10.0% 8.5% 10.4% 6.6% 3.8% 3.82%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — 74.7% 49.3% 43.4% 31.6% 24.9% 19.5% 13.6% 12.0% 11.3% 11.2% 10.9% 10.1% 10.5% 8.4% 6.9% 6.92%
Op. Income 3Y 55.7% 40.5% 37.9% 22.3% 31.8% 17.2% 11.7% 8.5% 5.0% 7.8% 9.6% 17.0% 19.9% 23.7% 21.2% 18.5% 12.2% 12.8% 9.7% 11.5% 11.53%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — 88.3% 62.8% 56.9% 39.2% 36.3% 34.7% 27.7% 28.7% 19.8% 14.3% 8.9% 5.7% 5.5% 5.6% 10.7% 10.71%
FCF 3Y — 1.5% 39.6% 34.7% 32.5% 35.2% 70.7% 69.9% 77.1% 76.9% 94.6% — 51.7% 99.5% 41.2% 91.8% 61.9% -2.6% 9.2% -64.1% -64.06%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — 1.4% 54.4% — 39.4% 57.4% 42.8% 66.3% 47.6% 14.6% 47.5% -25.6% -25.63%
OCF 3Y 5.9% 29.9% 21.7% 24.5% 31.5% 32.9% 63.8% 62.6% 68.2% 65.2% 77.5% — 42.1% 84.9% 36.2% 85.4% 57.0% -2.3% 9.1% -55.3% -55.30%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — 3.2% 55.9% 38.9% — 36.3% 53.2% 39.0% 61.2% 43.2% 12.0% 40.2% -18.7% -18.70%
Assets 3Y 47.5% 18.6% 19.6% 20.2% 21.3% 21.8% 23.7% 22.8% 19.0% 15.6% 20.6% 20.3% 18.5% 17.1% 14.4% 15.5% 13.4% 27.7% 22.7% 22.8% 22.75%
Assets 5Y — — — — — 29.6% 38.8% 40.7% 37.3% 18.1% 19.6% 19.7% 18.7% 20.9% 16.7% 15.8% 15.2% 21.3% 24.3% 25.6% 25.56%
Equity 3Y 53.6% 19.8% 20.9% 19.0% 19.7% 19.4% 20.2% 20.1% 21.8% 22.6% 24.4% 26.0% 22.5% 19.9% 18.8% 18.4% 16.9% 21.8% 19.9% 18.4% 18.43%
Book Value 3Y 19.5% -6.8% 20.8% 19.0% 19.7% 19.3% 20.2% 20.1% 21.8% 22.6% 24.4% 26.0% 22.9% 21.2% 20.9% 20.2% 18.7% 22.2% 20.1% 19.0% 19.01%
Dividend 3Y -8.7% -2.0% 14.8% 23.3% 9.5% 2.0% 8.0% 1.2% 8.5% 8.4% 8.5% 9.7% 10.1% 11.4% 12.1% 8.0% 8.0% 5.2% 4.9% 6.9% 6.91%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.88 0.91 0.99 0.99 0.95 0.93 0.97 0.98 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.97 0.95 0.91 0.88 0.75 0.60 0.64 0.78 0.74 0.744
Earnings Stability 0.97 0.99 0.89 0.87 0.89 0.96 0.94 0.92 0.92 0.90 0.91 0.89 0.95 0.94 0.92 0.87 0.81 0.75 0.67 0.71 0.707
Margin Stability 0.88 0.92 0.95 0.97 0.95 0.92 0.89 0.90 0.89 0.92 0.94 0.94 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.90 0.93 0.88 0.883
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
Earnings Persistence 0.95 0.90 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.93 0.88 0.87 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.87 0.95 0.99 0.94 0.91 0.91 0.93 1.00 0.996
Earnings Smoothness 0.89 0.78 0.30 0.36 0.39 0.53 0.84 0.74 0.72 0.58 0.56 0.59 0.72 0.88 0.97 0.83 0.75 0.75 0.80 0.99 0.990
ROE Trend 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.02 -0.01 -0.04 -0.07 -0.11 -0.10 -0.07 -0.070
Gross Margin Trend -0.00 -0.00 -0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.011
FCF Margin Trend 0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 -0.02 -0.00 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.02 -0.02 -0.00 -0.02 -0.025
Sustainable Growth Rate 9.5% 8.6% 18.3% 14.7% 18.7% 17.1% 17.1% 18.5% 20.9% 23.6% 23.9% 23.8% 22.4% 20.0% 16.5% 13.6% 11.5% 9.3% 8.4% 9.9% 9.87%
Internal Growth Rate 2.8% 2.5% 5.5% 4.7% 5.7% 5.5% 4.9% 5.6% 6.3% 8.0% 7.3% 7.9% 7.4% 6.8% 5.5% 4.9% 3.8% 2.7% 2.4% 2.8% 2.80%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.43 1.08 1.22 1.17 1.05 1.18 2.21 2.25 2.43 1.84 1.89 -0.28 1.24 2.46 1.72 4.45 2.96 0.82 2.31 0.16 0.159
FCF/OCF 0.79 0.78 0.87 0.89 0.88 0.90 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.98 1.14 0.97 0.98 0.97 0.98 0.97 0.89 0.96 0.50 0.497
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.079
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.069
CapEx/Revenue 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.08%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.159
Accruals Ratio -0.02 -0.00 -0.02 -0.01 -0.00 -0.02 -0.09 -0.11 -0.12 -0.09 -0.09 0.14 -0.02 -0.15 -0.06 -0.30 -0.14 0.01 -0.07 0.05 0.052
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.033
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.249
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.250
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.65%
Dividend/Share $3.43 $4.78 $4.02 $5.54 $4.49 $5.06 $5.08 $5.75 $5.74 $6.46 $6.47 $7.59 $7.66 $8.95 $9.11 $9.55 $9.55 $10.07 $10.00 $11.16 $5.68
Payout Ratio 47.6% 58.0% 33.5% 46.6% 33.2% 38.1% 35.9% 37.0% 32.0% 31.8% 29.2% 32.2% 31.8% 37.8% 40.2% 46.0% 49.0% 55.9% 56.7% 56.0% 55.98%
FCF Payout Ratio 41.9% 68.8% 31.8% 45.1% 35.6% 35.9% 17.0% 17.2% 13.5% 17.7% 15.8% — 26.6% 15.7% 24.3% 10.5% 17.0% 76.6% 25.6% 7.1% 7.09%
Total Payout Ratio 47.6% 58.0% 33.5% 46.6% 33.2% 38.1% 35.9% 37.0% 32.0% 31.8% 29.2% 32.2% 47.8% 70.3% 76.5% 85.4% 70.5% 57.9% 56.7% 75.9% 75.88%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.66 0.67 0.73 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.73 0.76 0.76 0.77 0.75 0.75 0.74 0.72 0.73 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.704
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.79 0.81 0.87 0.88 0.85 0.84 0.82 0.82 0.86 0.88 0.90 0.91 0.93 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.84 0.81 0.79 0.790
EBIT Margin 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.018
Asset Turnover 8.22 8.40 8.35 9.22 8.45 9.19 7.98 8.89 8.58 9.76 7.95 8.49 7.67 7.84 6.81 6.86 5.87 5.43 5.45 6.34 6.337
Equity Multiplier 3.54 3.51 3.51 3.26 3.45 3.30 3.68 3.51 3.52 3.17 3.51 3.23 3.24 3.12 3.17 2.93 3.13 3.47 3.66 3.63 3.630
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $7.21 $8.24 $11.98 $11.90 $13.55 $13.29 $14.14 $15.52 $17.93 $20.35 $22.17 $23.57 $24.09 $23.70 $22.65 $20.76 $19.48 $18.02 $17.63 $19.94 $19.94
Book Value/Share $44.07 $44.60 $48.56 $48.27 $52.69 $51.65 $57.15 $57.22 $64.00 $66.10 $74.07 $77.04 $81.83 $79.45 $85.77 $83.81 $88.11 $94.22 $99.07 $96.43 $96.60
Tangible Book/Share $31.23 $44.60 $35.68 $48.27 $39.76 $51.65 $41.56 $57.22 $48.62 $66.10 $57.90 $77.04 $64.02 $79.45 $65.81 $83.81 $67.12 $94.22 $47.58 $96.43 $96.43
Revenue/Share $1156.72 $1188.20 $1274.55 $1302.58 $1409.26 $1457.53 $1551.32 $1645.57 $1760.99 $1821.96 $1833.67 $1842.54 $1821.95 $1809.73 $1767.64 $1654.05 $1588.82 $1617.45 $1808.07 $2044.65 $1161.40
FCF/Share $8.17 $6.95 $12.65 $12.30 $12.62 $14.09 $29.86 $33.42 $42.40 $36.46 $40.93 $-7.62 $28.78 $57.09 $37.52 $90.82 $56.04 $13.15 $39.08 $1.57 $4.81
OCF/Share $10.29 $8.92 $14.60 $13.87 $14.27 $15.69 $31.25 $34.99 $43.52 $37.45 $41.89 $-6.69 $29.81 $58.37 $38.85 $92.45 $57.76 $14.80 $40.79 $3.17 $5.58
Cash/Share $4.33 $3.60 $18.36 $14.13 $18.75 $14.46 $27.29 $28.05 $37.66 $27.00 $48.18 $5.87 $37.68 $49.40 $54.74 $52.46 $59.66 $10.99 $65.13 $19.12 $19.12
EBITDA/Share $18.45 $19.33 $22.50 $21.69 $24.77 $25.41 $27.67 $30.50 $32.49 $35.48 $37.05 $39.77 $39.88 $40.65 $41.19 $38.19 $37.99 $37.72 $39.92 $45.88 $45.88
Debt/Share $16.69 $19.27 $28.01 $27.84 $26.70 $40.65 $35.78 $36.71 $33.22 $32.28 $28.20 $32.26 $22.14 $23.58 $21.67 $19.65 $12.37 $29.84 $62.00 $47.07 $47.07
Net Debt/Share $12.36 $15.66 $9.66 $13.71 $7.95 $26.19 $8.49 $8.66 $-4.44 $5.28 $-19.98 $26.39 $-15.54 $-25.82 $-33.07 $-32.81 $-47.29 $18.85 $-3.13 $27.94 $27.94
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 9 8 6 6 7 6 7 7 5 8 7 6 8 7 6 6 6 4 3 2 2
Beneish M-Score -2.60 -2.40 -2.22 -2.45 -2.09 -2.14 -2.38 -2.41 -2.56 -2.75 -2.83 -1.80 -3.19 -3.24 -3.00 -4.12 -2.90 -1.32 -1.32 -0.53 -0.535
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.109
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 63.64%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $15.97
EVA snapshot only $168377722.85
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BB+
Credit Score 59.02 62.96 65.12 70.20 65.97 66.89 70.74 69.98 68.89 71.75 72.24 61.45 75.02 74.28 74.31 74.92 77.15 70.40 66.96 47.85 47.847
Credit Grade snapshot only 11
Credit Trend snapshot only -27.076
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 400.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 26
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 34

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