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BSS.MI MIL

Biesse S.p.A.
1W: -4.4% 1M: -6.8% 3M: -8.9% YTD: -23.2% 1Y: -35.3% 3Y: -60.6% 5Y: -82.6%
€4.83 ($5.44)
-0.07 (-1.43%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±2.9%
€5 €5 €5 €5 €5
MIL · Industrials · Industrial - Machinery · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 38 · €128.4M mcap · 13M float · 0.584% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
1
ROA
1
D/E
1
P/E
1
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. BSS.MI receives an overall rating of C+. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: ROE (1/5), ROA (1/5), D/E (1/5), P/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B- C+
2026-05-12 C+ B-
2026-05-08 B- C+
2026-05-04 C+ B-
2026-04-07 None ADDED
2026-04-07 EXISTED None
2026-04-01 B- C+
2026-03-31 C+ B-
2026-03-25 B- C+

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 32 Grade D
Profitability
8
Balance Sheet
59
Earnings Quality
60
Growth
52
Value
41
Momentum
50
Safety
50
Cash Flow
22
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. BSS.MI scores highest in Earnings Quality (60/100) and lowest in Profitability (8/100). A grade of D flags significant fundamental concerns across multiple dimensions.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
1.97
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-1.00
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-4.95
Bankruptcy prob: 0.7%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
B+
Score: 33.9/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
—
OCF/NI: -0.51x
Accruals: -5.1%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. BSS.MI scores 1.97, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. BSS.MI scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. BSS.MI's score of -1.00 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. BSS.MI's implied 0.7% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. BSS.MI receives an estimated rating of B+ (score: 33.9/100), with a deteriorating trend.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
-6.27x
PEG
0.03x
P/S
0.13x
P/B
0.60x
P/FCF
-10.13x
P/OCF
13.39x
EV/EBITDA
3.24x
EV/Revenue
0.20x
EV/EBIT
35.39x
EV/FCF
-12.87x
Earnings Yield
-14.74%
FCF Yield
-9.87%
Shareholder Yield
5.10%
Graham Number
—
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. BSS.MI currently has negative earnings — the P/E ratio is not meaningful.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
1.042
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
-3.942
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.006
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.418
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.824
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
-9.5%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. BSS.MI's ROE of -9.5% is driven by Asset Turnover (1.418), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue. A tax burden ratio of 1.04 indicates minimal tax leakage — the company retains over 90% of pre-tax earnings.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
—
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$4.83
Median 1Y
$3.96
5th Pctile
$1.82
95th Pctile
$8.65
Ann. Volatility
43.1%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 12.9% 14.6% 14.7% 15.4% 10.1% 9.2% 11.9% 12.4% 11.6% 8.1% 3.4% -0.2% -2.5% -1.7% 1.4% -0.7% -2.9% -7.5% -10.7% -9.5% -9.47%
ROA 4.5% 5.2% 4.9% 5.5% 3.5% 3.4% 4.2% 4.7% 4.2% 3.2% 1.3% -0.1% -0.9% -0.7% 0.5% -0.3% -1.0% -2.7% -3.5% -3.4% -3.35%
ROIC 30.0% 31.1% 32.4% 28.1% 18.4% 15.8% 24.4% 21.3% 19.2% 14.2% 6.1% -0.5% 2.3% -97.0% 2.6% 0.7% -2.5% -2.6% -2.5% 1.6% 1.59%
ROCE 12.5% 11.3% 14.4% 14.5% 18.2% 16.1% 18.9% 18.0% 19.3% 14.2% 12.8% 6.2% 0.1% 1.1% 2.8% 0.8% -0.1% 0.8% -1.1% 1.6% 1.63%
Gross Margin 57.3% 58.7% 38.0% 61.2% 58.4% 59.3% 40.6% 59.4% 56.6% 60.9% 22.1% 62.0% 35.9% 61.0% 40.0% 63.6% 59.1% 21.3% 61.4% 19.8% 19.84%
Operating Margin 11.7% 6.2% 1.0% 7.7% 8.2% 3.8% 3.2% 7.8% 6.7% -1.2% -1.7% 3.9% 4.6% 2.5% -3.2% -3.0% -1.2% 1.3% -3.8% 2.8% 2.77%
Net Margin 11.2% 4.0% -0.6% 4.9% 4.3% 2.7% 2.7% 5.8% 3.5% -2.0% -1.9% 1.4% 0.5% -0.8% 0.6% -1.8% -2.6% -3.7% -4.2% 0.1% 0.06%
EBITDA Margin 20.7% 10.6% 4.9% 11.0% 21.0% 5.8% 10.2% 11.3% 21.3% 1.1% 3.3% 7.4% 14.7% 3.6% 6.3% 4.7% 6.5% 6.5% 1.9% 8.1% 8.05%
FCF Margin 17.5% 15.4% 14.6% 14.8% 9.2% 9.4% 7.9% 5.7% 5.6% 3.5% 0.6% 0.2% 0.8% 0.3% -0.2% -0.6% 0.4% 0.7% -0.2% -1.6% -1.58%
OCF Margin 19.9% 18.2% 17.0% 17.6% 11.7% 11.8% 11.2% 9.1% 9.6% 7.8% 3.8% 3.2% 3.1% 2.5% 3.0% 3.1% 4.4% 5.0% 3.4% 1.2% 1.20%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only -3.68%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 3.08%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only -1.26%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 0.32%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 1.27%
Cash ROA snapshot only 1.75%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 4.32%
CROIC snapshot only -5.71%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 0.44%
Pretax Margin snapshot only -2.27%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 13.95%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 24.05 20.12 18.11 11.24 13.24 12.72 11.02 11.61 10.68 13.77 38.31 -599.71 -43.51 -53.13 53.27 -92.83 -28.18 -10.32 -5.31 -6.79 -6.268
P/S Ratio 1.05 0.96 0.83 0.54 0.41 0.36 0.41 0.46 0.40 0.37 0.35 0.35 0.31 0.25 0.26 0.25 0.30 0.22 0.17 0.16 0.134
P/B Ratio 2.95 2.74 2.49 1.61 1.31 1.15 1.28 1.40 1.20 1.10 1.31 1.25 1.10 0.90 0.76 0.69 0.84 0.84 0.63 0.69 0.603
P/FCF 6.01 6.25 5.72 3.62 4.50 3.85 5.10 7.94 7.12 10.44 59.85 195.74 40.64 75.83 -115.51 -43.75 77.23 33.08 -100.44 -10.13 -10.131
P/OCF 5.30 5.30 4.90 3.05 3.53 3.06 3.62 5.02 4.11 4.68 9.37 10.91 9.82 10.02 8.75 7.91 6.90 4.49 4.98 13.39 13.387
EV/EBITDA 7.40 6.55 5.69 3.41 2.53 2.45 2.13 2.66 2.31 2.25 3.24 4.57 5.31 4.28 3.30 3.69 6.31 4.13 4.02 3.24 3.236
EV/Revenue 0.89 0.80 0.66 0.40 0.31 0.27 0.26 0.33 0.28 0.25 0.27 0.35 0.32 0.28 0.27 0.28 0.33 0.25 0.21 0.20 0.204
EV/EBIT 16.98 13.78 11.62 6.71 4.65 4.37 3.80 4.52 3.95 4.22 6.93 12.43 752.47 69.52 17.66 56.97 -430.67 67.22 -38.20 35.39 35.387
EV/FCF 5.06 5.21 4.55 2.68 3.34 2.83 3.27 5.71 5.08 7.25 46.41 194.40 42.97 84.78 -117.40 -49.54 86.12 37.38 -126.46 -12.87 -12.866
Earnings Yield 4.2% 5.0% 5.5% 8.9% 7.6% 7.9% 9.1% 8.6% 9.4% 7.3% 2.6% -0.2% -2.3% -1.9% 1.9% -1.1% -3.5% -9.7% -18.8% -14.7% -14.74%
FCF Yield 16.6% 16.0% 17.5% 27.6% 22.2% 26.0% 19.6% 12.6% 14.1% 9.6% 1.7% 0.5% 2.5% 1.3% -0.9% -2.3% 1.3% 3.0% -1.0% -9.9% -9.87%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.035
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 1.271
EV/OCF snapshot only 17.001
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 0.608
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 36.456
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 5.10%
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.20 1.56 1.11 1.21 1.12 1.22 1.15 1.36 1.19 1.45 1.20 1.53 1.06 1.16 1.27 1.65 1.24 1.41 1.54 1.23 1.229
Quick Ratio 0.78 1.04 0.70 0.69 0.63 0.63 0.65 0.75 0.67 0.84 0.72 0.84 0.57 0.62 0.84 0.93 0.73 0.81 0.88 0.63 0.634
Debt/Equity 0.27 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.43 0.45 0.50 0.79 0.53 0.62 0.69 0.75 0.57 0.567
Net Debt/Equity -0.47 -0.46 -0.51 -0.42 -0.34 -0.31 -0.46 -0.40 -0.34 -0.34 -0.29 -0.01 0.06 0.11 0.01 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.16 0.18 0.185
Debt/Assets 0.10 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.15 0.15 0.19 0.25 0.19 0.20 0.23 0.24 0.19 0.194
Debt/EBITDA 0.80 0.34 0.32 0.32 0.33 0.31 0.26 0.24 0.24 0.29 0.34 1.59 2.06 2.13 3.36 2.50 4.20 3.01 3.80 2.11 2.111
Net Debt/EBITDA -1.40 -1.31 -1.47 -1.19 -0.88 -0.88 -1.18 -1.04 -0.93 -0.99 -0.94 -0.03 0.29 0.45 0.05 0.43 0.65 0.47 0.83 0.69 0.688
Interest Coverage 9.94 10.21 16.27 19.68 22.40 24.04 30.05 29.73 31.63 24.89 12.99 7.50 0.09 0.65 1.98 0.54 -0.08 0.37 -0.48 0.49 0.495
Equity Multiplier 2.75 2.78 2.91 2.76 2.97 2.69 2.79 2.55 2.60 2.43 2.49 2.81 2.91 2.68 3.11 2.73 3.06 2.98 3.10 2.93 2.932
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.270
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 5.409
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.674
FCF to Debt snapshot only -0.119
Defensive Interval snapshot only 233.6 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.04 1.08 1.07 1.15 1.14 1.19 1.13 1.19 1.13 1.19 1.40 1.32 1.28 1.37 1.03 0.98 0.90 1.23 1.08 1.42 1.418
Inventory Turnover 1.94 2.01 2.24 2.03 1.92 1.91 1.88 1.80 1.74 1.76 2.77 2.39 2.64 2.84 2.21 1.79 1.51 2.69 2.46 3.38 3.384
Receivables Turnover 6.67 7.04 6.47 6.46 6.35 6.77 6.90 6.55 5.91 6.05 8.44 7.63 7.31 7.76 6.36 5.73 5.55 7.90 7.38 8.81 8.815
Payables Turnover 2.19 2.36 2.16 2.20 1.99 2.24 2.01 2.10 1.99 2.29 3.36 3.01 3.39 4.23 2.98 2.52 2.06 3.88 3.46 4.97 4.975
DSO 55 52 56 57 57 54 53 56 62 60 43 48 50 47 57 64 66 46 49 41 41.4 days
DIO 188 181 163 180 190 191 194 203 210 207 132 152 138 128 165 204 242 136 149 108 107.9 days
DPO 167 154 169 166 183 163 181 174 184 160 109 121 108 86 123 145 178 94 105 73 73.4 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 76 79 51 70 64 83 66 85 88 108 66 79 81 89 100 123 130 88 93 76 75.9 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 7.551
Operating Cycle snapshot only 149.3 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 11.161
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.687
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 10.0% 21.1% 27.8% 30.9% 19.0% 16.7% 11.2% 7.9% 2.1% -3.2% 17.6% 14.0% 15.0% 16.0% -21.9% -25.3% -27.8% -8.7% 7.3% 35.6% 35.63%
Net Income 6.8% 16.2% 12.9% 4.2% -15.2% -30.5% -11.2% -11.3% 21.1% -9.4% -70.5% -1.0% -1.2% -1.2% -58.0% -2.4% -9.1% -3.1% -7.9% -11.0% -10.98%
EPS 6.8% 16.2% 12.9% 4.2% -15.2% -30.6% -11.3% -10.5% 21.1% -8.5% -70.5% -1.0% -1.2% -1.2% -58.0% -2.4% -9.1% -3.3% -8.1% -10.6% -10.63%
FCF 2.7% 1.2% 48.0% 30.4% -37.7% -28.7% -39.4% -58.2% -38.2% -63.8% -91.3% -96.4% -84.4% -88.9% -1.3% -3.4% -62.8% 84.0% 21.0% -2.8% -2.78%
EBITDA -6.6% 5.1% 51.5% 46.8% 20.2% 3.6% 16.8% 13.8% 3.1% 0.7% -18.6% -29.5% -42.5% -32.0% -24.8% -25.2% -37.2% -15.8% -30.2% 12.0% 12.05%
Op. Income 82.0% 1.5% 1.4% 99.5% 8.1% -10.0% 1.7% -3.4% -3.6% -19.3% -53.8% -73.2% -81.4% -57.4% -32.0% -80.3% -2.0% -1.6% -1.5% 1.1% 1.09%
OCF Growth snapshot only -48.28%
Asset Growth snapshot only -5.17%
Equity Growth snapshot only -11.75%
Debt Growth snapshot only -5.27%
Shares Change snapshot only 3.00%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -71.87%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y -1.8% -0.1% 0.1% 1.3% 3.5% 4.6% 5.4% 7.1% 10.1% 11.0% 18.7% 17.2% 11.8% 9.5% 0.7% -2.8% -5.4% 0.9% -0.5% 4.9% 4.91%
Revenue 5Y 4.0% 3.9% 3.7% 3.3% 3.9% 4.1% 3.6% 4.0% 2.9% 2.4% 5.6% 5.0% 5.4% 5.1% 1.4% 0.9% 2.1% 7.7% 7.0% 10.3% 10.28%
EPS 3Y -9.8% -0.5% -6.5% -3.5% -11.9% -12.2% 32.7% 51.9% 100.0% 1.2% 53.8% — — — -52.1% — — — — — —
EPS 5Y 5.8% 4.6% 2.9% 0.7% -6.4% -8.4% -6.6% -4.2% -5.5% -8.9% -26.5% — — — -21.9% — — — — — —
Net Income 3Y -11.2% -3.4% -7.9% -3.4% -11.9% -12.2% 32.7% 51.4% 100.0% 1.2% 53.8% — — — -52.1% — — — — — —
Net Income 5Y 5.8% 4.6% 2.9% 0.7% -6.4% -8.4% -6.6% -4.4% -6.4% -10.7% -27.2% — — — -21.9% — — — — — —
EBITDA 3Y -2.6% 2.1% 1.8% 4.3% 1.4% -0.5% -1.6% 0.5% 5.0% 3.1% 12.9% 5.6% -10.7% -10.8% -10.6% -15.7% -28.1% -16.8% -24.7% -16.1% -16.07%
EBITDA 5Y 7.1% 6.1% 3.7% 1.7% 3.5% 1.2% 3.2% 4.1% 2.7% 2.1% 0.1% -1.9% -9.2% -7.6% -10.2% -11.8% -16.0% -8.9% -5.4% -0.3% -0.26%
Gross Profit 3Y -2.3% -0.3% -1.0% 0.0% 2.6% 4.0% 5.2% 7.2% 10.8% 12.5% 11.6% 10.0% 1.1% -1.4% -1.8% -5.5% -4.5% -8.4% -7.2% -10.8% -10.82%
Gross Profit 5Y 4.9% 5.0% 4.0% 3.4% 3.2% 3.1% 3.2% 3.5% 2.1% 1.8% 1.3% 0.9% -0.8% -1.1% -0.8% -1.1% 2.9% 2.4% 2.9% -0.1% -0.07%
Op. Income 3Y -10.7% -3.8% -6.5% -1.8% 0.1% -2.1% 13.7% 21.1% 23.8% 22.6% 4.3% -19.7% -42.1% -32.4% -31.7% -62.9% — — — -52.0% -51.98%
Op. Income 5Y 0.8% 0.2% -3.3% -5.2% -6.3% -8.2% -4.4% -3.2% -5.8% -8.3% -17.4% -24.5% -29.0% -20.3% -14.3% -37.7% — — — -26.6% -26.58%
FCF 3Y 45.5% 52.4% 44.9% 39.8% 2.0% — 39.1% 96.8% 12.7% -17.1% -57.2% -73.1% -60.8% -69.5% — — -67.0% -58.1% — — —
FCF 5Y 19.6% 22.5% 56.6% 34.9% 68.2% 3.5% 19.6% 8.8% 3.5% -1.8% -30.6% -47.3% 22.2% — — — -39.2% -35.0% — — —
OCF 3Y 26.2% 28.4% 22.7% 27.5% 36.5% — 25.6% 38.7% 23.2% -3.6% -25.5% -33.3% -39.7% -43.2% -43.4% -45.2% -31.9% -24.4% -33.1% -46.6% -46.58%
OCF 5Y 16.2% 19.6% 33.3% 25.3% 26.9% 3.1% 13.7% 4.1% 3.4% 0.7% -11.8% -14.2% -4.4% — -13.2% -4.7% -6.8% -9.7% -20.8% -35.5% -35.46%
Assets 3Y 3.3% 6.4% 5.8% 5.3% 4.6% 5.5% 5.3% 6.6% 3.1% 1.5% -0.4% 5.3% 5.0% 0.6% 4.2% -0.6% -0.2% -1.4% -2.3% -1.4% -1.41%
Assets 5Y 7.3% 9.3% 8.3% 8.4% 8.6% 7.2% 5.8% 4.8% 3.1% 2.5% 1.3% 4.2% 3.2% 3.4% 5.6% 4.1% 3.2% 1.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.64%
Equity 3Y 8.0% 8.7% 4.3% 4.6% 5.6% 5.6% 6.2% 7.5% 7.6% 7.3% 6.9% 6.2% 3.0% 1.9% 2.0% -0.2% -1.2% -4.7% -5.7% -5.9% -5.92%
Book Value 3Y 9.7% 12.0% 6.0% 4.6% 5.6% 5.6% 6.1% 7.9% 7.6% 7.6% 6.9% 6.2% 3.0% 1.8% 2.0% -0.2% -1.2% -3.7% -4.7% -7.1% -7.15%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — -7.4% 1.8% 1.0% -9.9% -8.1% -21.9% -21.9% -23.2% -25.4% -36.8% -28.2% -34.7% -34.69%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.20 0.13 0.07 0.04 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.33 0.39 0.36 0.46 0.47 0.68 0.72 0.28 0.18 0.19 0.73 0.31 0.47 0.468
Earnings Stability 0.06 0.08 0.17 0.18 0.22 0.18 0.10 0.04 0.08 0.11 0.09 0.11 0.19 0.24 0.01 0.07 0.22 0.35 0.39 0.50 0.499
Margin Stability 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.92 0.92 0.88 0.88 0.92 0.92 0.88 0.85 0.90 0.82 0.815
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.94 0.88 0.96 0.95 0.92 0.96 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.84 0.64 0.88 0.88 0.81 0.90 0.00 — — — 0.18 — — — — — —
ROE Trend 0.03 0.05 0.10 0.11 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.00 -0.03 -0.09 -0.13 -0.13 -0.10 -0.06 -0.07 -0.07 -0.11 -0.14 -0.10 -0.096
Gross Margin Trend 0.01 0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.09 -0.09 -0.13 -0.14 -0.00 -0.01 0.08 -0.07 -0.03 -0.14 -0.137
FCF Margin Trend 0.15 0.14 0.07 0.07 -0.02 -0.03 -0.06 -0.09 -0.08 -0.09 -0.11 -0.10 -0.07 -0.06 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.014
Sustainable Growth Rate 12.9% 14.6% 14.7% 15.4% 3.3% 2.6% 5.2% 4.3% 6.5% 1.4% -3.3% — — — -1.8% — — — — — —
Internal Growth Rate 4.8% 5.4% 5.2% 5.8% 1.2% 1.0% 1.9% 1.7% 2.4% 0.6% — — — — — — — — — — —
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 4.53 3.80 3.69 3.68 3.75 4.15 3.04 2.31 2.60 2.95 4.09 -54.96 -4.43 -5.30 6.09 -11.74 -4.09 -2.30 -1.07 -0.51 -0.507
FCF/OCF 0.88 0.85 0.86 0.84 0.78 0.80 0.71 0.63 0.58 0.45 0.16 0.06 0.24 0.13 -0.08 -0.18 0.09 0.14 -0.05 -1.32 -1.321
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.670
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.190
CapEx/Revenue 2.3% 2.8% 2.4% 2.8% 2.5% 2.4% 3.2% 3.3% 4.1% 4.3% 3.2% 3.0% 2.4% 2.2% 3.3% 3.7% 4.0% 4.3% 3.6% 2.8% 2.78%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.486
Accruals Ratio -0.16 -0.14 -0.13 -0.15 -0.10 -0.11 -0.09 -0.06 -0.07 -0.06 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.05 -0.09 -0.07 -0.05 -0.051
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.224
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.400
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5.1% 5.6% 5.1% 5.6% 4.1% 6.0% 5.1% 4.7% 3.6% 3.6% 4.2% 4.0% 2.1% 1.1% 2.2% 1.3% 0.00%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.62 $0.62 $0.62 $0.79 $0.49 $0.65 $0.64 $0.57 $0.38 $0.31 $0.31 $0.26 $0.16 $0.08 $0.11 $0.07 $0.00
Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 67.4% 71.7% 56.4% 65.0% 44.1% 82.7% 2.0% — — — 2.2% — — — — — —
FCF Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 22.9% 21.7% 26.1% 44.4% 29.4% 62.7% 3.1% 9.1% 1.5% 2.7% — — 1.6% 36.0% — — —
Total Payout Ratio 1.9% 1.6% 1.6% 1.9% 72.6% 77.8% 61.2% 69.8% 45.5% 85.4% 2.0% — — — 2.2% — — — — — —
Div. Increase Streak — — — — 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — -0.17 0.11 0.08 -0.22 -0.19 -0.49 -0.48 -0.51 -0.56 -0.74 -0.62 -0.70 -0.697
Buyback Yield 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.4% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.6% 3.1% 4.3% 3.8% 3.77%
Net Buyback Yield 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.4% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.6% 3.1% 4.3% 3.8% 3.77%
Total Shareholder Return 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 5.5% 6.1% 5.6% 5.9% 4.2% 6.0% 5.1% 4.7% 3.6% 3.6% 4.2% 4.0% 2.7% 4.2% 6.5% 5.1% 5.10%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.90 0.88 0.84 0.83 0.67 0.67 0.73 0.72 0.77 0.73 0.52 -0.11 3.25 -19.19 0.47 2.74 1.02 0.98 0.95 1.04 1.042
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.93 0.93 0.96 0.97 0.71 0.70 0.74 0.76 0.68 0.61 0.45 0.19 -5.03 0.06 0.69 -0.20 13.47 -5.87 6.01 -3.94 -3.942
EBIT Margin 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 -0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.006
Asset Turnover 1.04 1.08 1.07 1.15 1.14 1.19 1.13 1.19 1.13 1.19 1.40 1.32 1.28 1.37 1.03 0.98 0.90 1.23 1.08 1.42 1.418
Equity Multiplier 2.85 2.82 2.99 2.81 2.86 2.73 2.85 2.65 2.78 2.56 2.64 2.68 2.75 2.55 2.80 2.77 2.98 2.82 3.10 2.82 2.824
Per Share
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $1.08 $1.24 $1.24 $1.35 $0.92 $0.86 $1.10 $1.21 $1.11 $0.79 $0.33 $-0.02 $-0.24 $-0.16 $0.14 $-0.07 $-0.27 $-0.69 $-0.97 $-0.81 $-0.81
Book Value/Share $8.82 $9.11 $9.07 $9.42 $9.25 $9.53 $9.51 $10.01 $9.85 $9.88 $9.54 $9.74 $9.64 $9.63 $9.61 $9.35 $8.93 $8.52 $8.22 $8.01 $8.01
Tangible Book/Share $6.33 $6.75 $5.49 $5.92 $5.82 $6.22 $6.29 $6.75 $6.67 $6.70 $6.50 $4.96 $4.80 $4.74 $4.91 $4.72 $4.36 $4.44 $4.23 $4.32 $4.32
Revenue/Share $24.68 $25.95 $27.01 $28.28 $29.37 $30.29 $30.01 $30.82 $29.98 $29.62 $35.28 $34.78 $34.46 $34.03 $27.54 $25.99 $24.88 $32.04 $30.48 $34.22 $33.94
FCF/Share $4.32 $3.99 $3.94 $4.19 $2.69 $2.85 $2.39 $1.77 $1.67 $1.04 $0.21 $0.06 $0.26 $0.11 $-0.06 $-0.15 $0.10 $0.22 $-0.05 $-0.54 $-0.39
OCF/Share $4.90 $4.71 $4.59 $4.98 $3.43 $3.58 $3.36 $2.80 $2.89 $2.32 $1.33 $1.12 $1.08 $0.86 $0.83 $0.82 $1.08 $1.59 $1.04 $0.41 $0.15
Cash/Share $6.50 $5.24 $5.63 $4.98 $4.31 $3.94 $5.31 $4.88 $4.26 $4.29 $3.83 $4.29 $3.73 $3.78 $7.44 $4.09 $4.69 $4.96 $4.81 $3.07 $3.07
EBITDA/Share $2.95 $3.18 $3.15 $3.30 $3.55 $3.29 $3.67 $3.79 $3.66 $3.35 $2.99 $2.65 $2.10 $2.25 $2.25 $1.98 $1.32 $1.96 $1.62 $2.15 $2.15
Debt/Share $2.38 $1.08 $1.01 $1.04 $1.17 $1.03 $0.96 $0.92 $0.87 $0.97 $1.03 $4.21 $4.34 $4.80 $7.56 $4.95 $5.55 $5.88 $6.15 $4.55 $4.55
Net Debt/Share $-4.13 $-4.16 $-4.62 $-3.94 $-3.14 $-2.91 $-4.35 $-3.95 $-3.39 $-3.32 $-2.80 $-0.08 $0.61 $1.02 $0.12 $0.86 $0.86 $0.93 $1.34 $1.48 $1.48
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.970
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 1.481
Piotroski F-Score 7 8 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 6 5 4 4 5 5 5 4 7 4 4
Beneish M-Score -2.50 -3.09 -2.75 -2.74 -2.49 -2.45 -3.07 -2.94 -5.23 -2.97 -2.69 -2.44 -2.32 -2.56 -2.26 -2.77 -2.81 -1.50 -3.20 -1.00 -1.000
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -4.952
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 2.76%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-1.50
EVA snapshot only $-22538580.00
Credit
Metric Trend Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only B+
Credit Score 71.12 79.42 75.85 76.21 78.21 78.21 78.29 78.06 77.59 77.60 70.02 59.89 31.35 30.28 33.02 37.41 24.87 36.30 33.50 33.87 33.867
Credit Grade snapshot only 14
Credit Trend snapshot only -3.542
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 650.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 15
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 22

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