— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: BATS.L (LSE) · $vol 207M · BMT.DE (XETRA) · $vol 4M · BTAFF (OTC) · $vol 0M

BTI NYSE

British American Tobacco p.l.c.
1W: +1.2% 1M: +8.4% 3M: -3.6% YTD: +10.6% 1Y: +21.8% 3Y: +150.8% 5Y: +140.8%
$59.83
-0.27 (-0.45%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.9%
$55 $57 $60 $62 $64
NYSE · Consumer Defensive · Tobacco · Tech Score Strong Buy · Power 71 · $128.6B mcap · 2.15B float · 0.222% daily turnover · Short 57% of daily vol
Credit Risk of going bust: lower than 74% of companies Debt: 26.6% of company value Bonds: $32.3M held by 20 funds → details ▾
If the stock fell to about $1.28 (down 98%), British American Tobacco p.l.c. would be worth roughly what it owes.
Total debt $46.67B against a stock market value of $128.62B.
Distance to default 8.35 (Merton model): prices to 2026-10-27, balance sheet 2026-06-30, debt counted $25.67B (short-term plus half of long-term), stock volatility 25.8%; Altman Z'' 2.02. A ranking and a back-test, not a forecast.
Bond figures are fund-reported marks (SEC N-PORT) as of Jul 2026. How these are computed.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
$68
Low
$68
Avg Target
$68
High
Based on 1 analyst since Jul 30, 2026 earnings
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 12Hold: 4Sell: 2Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$68.10
Analysts1
Price Target Change History
DateFirmAnalystOldNewChangeUpside @ CallStock@Call
2026-09-07 Morgan Stanley — $40 $68 +28 +23.0% $55.35
2025-08-15 Morgan Stanley Rashad Kawan Initiated $40 — -29.4% $56.63

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A-
Oct 27, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
4
ROA
4
D/E
2
P/E
3
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. BTI receives an overall rating of A-. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B+ A-
2026-08-20 A- B+
2026-08-03 C A-
2026-07-31 A- C
2026-02-18 A A-
2026-01-14 A- A

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A
Profitability
74
Balance Sheet
46
Earnings Quality
75
Growth
58
Value
—
Momentum
75
Safety
—
Cash Flow
50

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.28
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-8.72
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB
Score: 55.6/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 0.93x
Accruals: 0.4%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. BTI scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. BTI's score of -2.28 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. BTI's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. BTI receives an estimated rating of BBB (score: 55.6/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). BTI's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
15.43x
PEG
0.14x
P/S
3.76x
P/B
2.02x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$38.55
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 15.4x earnings, BTI trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $38.55 per share, 55% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.773
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.824
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.393
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.237
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.295
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
13.6%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. BTI's ROE of 13.6% is driven by a balanced combination of operating margin, asset efficiency, and leverage.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$114.39
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with BTI's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. BTI trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $114.39, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 15.4x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$59.83
Median 1Y
$67.59
5th Pctile
$45.61
95th Pctile
$100.45
Ann. Volatility
24.2%
Analyst Target
$68.10
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical Analyst target

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees
47,797
-2.4% YoY
Revenue / Employee
$535,808
Rev: $25,610,000,000
Profit / Employee
$162,437
NI: $7,764,000,000
SGA / Employee
$23,495
Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 71.1% 61.3% 1.1% 1.1% 9.6% 9.6% 8.8% 9.4% 10.1% 9.4% 10.5% 7.9% 9.4% 12.0% -22.5% -21.9% 6.0% 6.1% 15.9% 13.6% 13.58%
ROA 13.0% 11.2% 41.5% 41.7% 4.2% 4.2% 4.0% 4.2% 4.6% 4.3% 4.9% 3.7% 4.6% 5.9% -10.6% -10.4% 2.6% 2.7% 6.8% 5.9% 5.92%
ROIC 16.1% 16.3% 8.6% 10.4% 6.8% 6.8% 7.2% 7.2% 8.1% 7.9% 8.1% 6.0% 6.7% 9.0% -13.9% -15.7% 3.0% 4.2% 9.9% 9.2% 9.19%
ROCE 17.0% 19.1% 23.7% 25.1% 7.3% 7.4% 7.5% 7.3% 8.1% 8.1% 8.4% 6.9% 8.6% 10.5% 12.2% 10.7% 4.6% 5.8% 11.1% 10.8% 10.79%
Gross Margin 71.7% 73.8% 74.5% 80.4% 82.3% 83.0% 82.5% 83.7% 81.9% 82.5% 81.7% 83.3% 82.1% 83.3% 80.9% 82.5% 83.2% 83.6% 83.4% 59.1% 59.07%
Operating Margin 39.3% 37.4% 36.2% 39.7% 42.1% 37.7% 42.5% 42.2% 43.5% 41.6% 44.0% 28.6% 46.3% 44.2% -1.6% 34.5% -11.3% 42.0% 36.4% 38.2% 38.21%
Net Margin 26.5% 30.5% 2.9% 23.1% 26.0% 23.1% 21.1% 28.2% 21.8% 26.7% 26.2% 14.4% 32.5% 29.5% -1.3% 36.4% -10.5% 37.4% 24.0% 26.1% 26.07%
EBITDA Margin 36.0% 39.6% 2.3% 42.4% 43.5% 40.7% 41.0% 46.1% 39.2% 44.1% 43.6% 32.9% 53.0% 47.7% 48.8% 47.7% 13.7% 51.3% 47.4% 49.4% 49.36%
FCF Margin 28.5% 30.9% 23.3% 28.2% 38.9% 28.7% 25.7% 30.3% 28.5% 24.1% 29.3% 29.4% 30.0% 35.5% 37.6% 38.3% 36.8% 33.9% 22.6% 23.4% 23.39%
OCF Margin 32.6% 35.4% 27.3% 31.5% 42.0% 31.8% 28.9% 33.2% 31.4% 27.0% 32.2% 31.7% 31.8% 37.4% 39.3% 40.1% 25.7% 22.6% 22.4% 23.3% 23.30%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only -1.87%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 2.77%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only -0.94%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 0.38%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 8.96%
Cash ROA snapshot only 5.56%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 7.45%
CROIC snapshot only 7.48%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 28.73%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 32.35%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.67%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 20.89%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 15.432
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.758
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.016
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.140
Graham Number snapshot only $38.55
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.04 0.87 0.90 0.81 0.78 0.73 0.71 0.89 0.88 0.78 0.85 0.88 0.86 0.93 0.91 0.88 0.76 0.87 0.87 0.84 0.835
Quick Ratio 0.55 0.48 0.52 0.41 0.41 0.39 0.38 0.53 0.49 0.43 0.50 0.52 0.55 0.58 0.59 0.58 0.52 0.55 0.57 0.50 0.496
Debt/Equity 2.38 2.71 0.81 0.78 0.73 0.77 0.71 0.73 0.70 0.72 0.59 0.61 0.57 0.58 0.76 0.75 0.74 0.75 0.73 0.72 0.725
Net Debt/Equity 2.11 2.44 0.76 0.74 0.68 0.72 0.67 0.66 0.65 0.66 0.54 0.55 0.52 0.53 0.70 0.62 0.63 0.65 0.65 0.67 0.672
Debt/Assets 0.49 0.53 0.35 0.34 0.32 0.34 0.32 0.33 0.32 0.33 0.29 0.30 0.28 0.29 0.33 0.34 0.31 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.323
Debt/EBITDA 3.68 3.72 1.62 1.49 4.51 4.77 4.29 4.47 4.01 4.22 3.52 4.43 3.57 2.96 3.02 3.20 4.78 4.39 2.78 2.81 2.806
Net Debt/EBITDA 3.26 3.36 1.51 1.42 4.25 4.44 4.04 4.03 3.70 3.90 3.23 4.02 3.24 2.67 2.79 2.67 4.02 3.78 2.48 2.60 2.603
Interest Coverage — — — — — — — — — — — — 14.51 7.96 6.48 3.83 1.85 3.71 6.60 6.10 6.104
Equity Multiplier 4.86 5.08 2.32 2.28 2.24 2.27 2.21 2.21 2.20 2.18 2.05 2.06 2.04 2.02 2.26 2.21 2.40 2.35 2.28 2.24 2.240
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.177
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 7.510
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.072
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.173
Defensive Interval snapshot only 260.4 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.40 0.39 0.22 0.26 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.24 0.237
Inventory Turnover 0.74 0.82 0.86 0.93 0.77 0.66 0.74 0.65 0.74 0.69 0.82 0.75 0.88 0.84 0.92 0.88 0.93 0.82 0.94 1.47 1.468
Receivables Turnover 5.59 4.12 7.06 6.04 8.69 5.52 8.57 4.92 7.40 4.68 6.70 5.35 6.65 5.76 6.83 5.82 7.99 7.20 7.69 7.07 7.067
Payables Turnover 0.56 0.73 0.62 0.70 0.47 0.45 0.44 0.46 0.46 0.51 0.48 0.53 0.48 0.54 0.49 0.53 0.46 0.49 0.45 0.87 0.867
DSO 65 89 52 60 42 66 43 74 49 78 55 68 55 63 53 63 46 51 47 52 51.6 days
DIO 491 446 423 391 477 549 496 561 496 527 448 488 416 432 396 416 393 447 389 249 248.7 days
DPO 649 497 589 525 784 811 833 801 797 720 765 684 761 673 752 692 792 741 816 421 421.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -93 38 -115 -73 -265 -195 -294 -166 -251 -115 -263 -128 -290 -177 -303 -213 -354 -243 -380 -121 -120.7 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 6.127
Operating Cycle snapshot only 300.3 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 10.212
Capital Intensity snapshot only 4.190
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 7.8% 11.2% 38.5% 59.8% 25.2% 5.2% 5.7% 3.8% -0.4% -1.1% -0.4% 2.7% 7.7% 7.0% -1.3% -7.2% -5.2% -2.2% -1.0% 1.1% 1.06%
Net Income 8.3% -1.8% 7.1% 7.9% -83.9% -83.8% -5.4% 3.1% 12.2% -2.4% 6.1% -12.8% -1.8% 62.4% -3.2% -2.6% 1.2% 1.2% 1.5% 1.1% 1.09%
EPS 8.3% -1.8% 7.1% 7.9% -83.9% -83.8% -6.5% 1.8% 11.9% -2.5% 6.0% -12.0% -0.2% 65.0% -3.2% -2.6% 1.2% 1.2% 1.5% 1.1% 1.12%
FCF -5.0% 15.8% 13.2% 45.7% 1.1% 7.2% -30.2% 9.5% 10.2% -21.4% 2.5% 25.4% 10.4% 29.3% 23.4% 0.2% -7.2% -13.6% -39.2% -30.2% -30.24%
EBITDA -0.8% 6.7% 4.8% 4.8% -65.6% -67.6% 0.5% 7.0% 3.6% -5.4% 2.8% -5.1% 7.1% 40.7% 9.1% -11.4% -41.2% -36.3% 62.9% 55.3% 55.26%
Op. Income 7.5% 18.2% 35.1% 57.8% 39.9% 11.1% 3.8% 10.0% 6.1% -0.7% -0.4% -12.0% -4.3% 32.9% -2.5% -2.4% 1.2% 1.2% 2.7% 1.7% 1.72%
OCF Growth snapshot only 4.09%
Asset Growth snapshot only -1.67%
Equity Growth snapshot only 3.21%
Debt Growth snapshot only -0.74%
Shares Change snapshot only -1.32%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 37.21%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y -2.5% 0.9% 11.9% 20.6% 23.2% 23.2% 22.3% 20.4% 9.6% 2.6% 1.6% 1.8% 2.2% 2.8% 1.9% 0.6% 0.2% -1.0% -2.5% -2.9% -2.87%
Revenue 5Y -1.7% -0.5% 5.2% 9.4% 9.9% 11.6% 13.1% 13.9% 14.5% 13.9% 12.7% 12.1% 7.2% 3.5% 2.2% 0.9% -0.0% -0.3% -0.1% 0.1% 0.14%
EPS 3Y 6.0% 5.5% 1.3% 1.1% 12.0% 12.6% 6.7% 13.9% -44.8% -45.6% 3.5% -4.4% 5.8% 12.3% — — -22.2% -16.1% 6.3% -8.8% -8.81%
EPS 5Y 8.5% 4.1% 57.7% 57.1% 9.1% 11.3% 12.6% 9.3% 8.0% 7.2% 7.6% 4.9% -29.2% -25.2% — — -11.0% -12.7% 4.9% 2.0% 1.95%
Net Income 3Y 6.0% 5.5% 1.3% 1.1% 12.0% 12.6% 7.1% 14.4% -44.5% -45.3% 4.0% -4.3% 5.3% 11.4% — — -23.3% -17.0% 5.2% -9.6% -9.65%
Net Income 5Y 8.5% 4.1% 57.7% 57.1% 9.1% 11.3% 12.9% 9.6% 8.3% 7.5% 7.9% 5.0% -29.2% -25.4% — — -11.7% -13.4% 3.9% 0.9% 0.87%
EBITDA 3Y -8.0% -4.4% 77.6% 83.3% 25.4% 26.1% 26.0% 26.2% -29.0% -31.1% 2.3% -1.4% 4.5% 8.1% 6.3% 5.8% -11.8% -7.4% 1.5% -4.3% -4.29%
EBITDA 5Y -3.5% -2.8% 35.7% 37.9% 9.1% 10.4% 14.2% 16.4% 15.5% 15.2% 16.3% 12.5% -17.0% -15.2% 4.6% 3.7% -6.1% -6.5% 2.8% 3.2% 3.20%
Gross Profit 3Y -4.7% -1.7% 9.9% 20.4% 25.6% 26.7% 27.2% 25.8% 13.6% 4.7% 1.9% 1.7% 2.2% 2.6% 1.6% 0.4% 0.5% -0.6% -2.2% -7.3% -7.32%
Gross Profit 5Y -2.8% -1.9% 4.1% 9.1% 10.7% 12.7% 14.4% 15.4% 16.2% 15.7% 15.2% 15.0% 9.5% 4.9% 2.3% 0.6% 0.0% -0.2% 0.1% -2.5% -2.52%
Op. Income 3Y -2.8% 1.2% 12.5% 22.7% 26.7% 27.5% 25.2% 24.5% 15.5% 6.7% 3.1% -1.3% 0.4% 5.1% — — -37.1% -28.3% -1.7% -9.0% -8.98%
Op. Income 5Y 2.4% 2.4% 5.8% 9.9% 11.7% 12.7% 15.6% 17.7% 17.5% 17.8% 15.7% 11.0% 8.0% 7.2% — — -23.5% -20.3% -2.0% -2.5% -2.49%
FCF 3Y 1.4% 7.6% 12.7% 25.5% 31.1% 21.8% 18.3% 19.6% 17.2% -2.7% -7.6% 2.6% 7.7% 8.4% 11.8% 17.5% 8.1% 3.8% -11.3% -15.5% -15.46%
FCF 5Y 3.9% 5.4% 3.9% 17.1% 19.8% 14.2% 15.9% 18.3% 11.6% 9.3% 13.3% 11.0% 12.8% 8.4% 1.5% 6.9% 7.4% 2.0% -4.6% -0.4% -0.42%
OCF 3Y 1.3% 7.1% 12.9% 24.3% 29.7% 21.7% 17.5% 17.9% 14.8% -2.5% -7.0% 1.6% 5.5% 7.0% 9.8% 14.8% -7.0% -11.6% -13.3% -17.0% -17.02%
OCF 5Y 3.2% 4.7% 3.8% 16.2% 18.3% 13.2% 15.0% 17.2% 11.4% 9.5% 12.4% 9.7% 10.4% 7.1% 0.8% 5.7% -2.3% -7.6% -6.7% -2.8% -2.79%
Assets 3Y 13.9% 15.1% 75.3% 70.6% 66.8% 59.9% 52.5% 57.4% -0.8% -1.3% -2.1% 0.8% 2.9% -1.5% -4.8% -4.5% -4.7% -10.1% -10.7% -9.5% -9.47%
Assets 5Y 8.0% 7.8% 38.9% 38.6% 40.3% 42.0% 40.1% 39.7% 34.3% 30.5% 28.1% 31.1% 1.7% 0.5% -4.1% -4.2% -3.4% -6.3% -4.5% -4.6% -4.58%
Equity 3Y 7.2% 12.3% 1.2% 1.2% 1.4% 1.2% 98.4% 1.1% 1.0% 0.3% 0.8% 4.2% 5.7% 1.5% -5.7% -4.9% -9.6% -14.0% -14.0% -12.5% -12.53%
Book Value 3Y 7.2% 12.3% 1.2% 1.2% 1.4% 1.2% 97.6% 1.1% 0.6% -0.2% 0.3% 4.0% 6.1% 2.4% -4.8% -4.0% -8.3% -13.1% -13.1% -11.7% -11.72%
Dividend 3Y 1.7% 3.2% 6.0% 2.7% 7.9% 9.9% 1.5% 0.7% 0.6% 0.8% 0.6% -8.7% 8.1% 39.7% 8.5% -18.2% -18.5% -8.1% 11.5% 11.7% 11.66%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.60 0.21 0.21 0.34 0.55 0.67 0.86 0.85 0.91 0.78 0.73 0.74 0.80 0.89 0.85 0.44 0.09 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.037
Earnings Stability 0.51 0.71 0.45 0.44 0.20 0.20 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.13 0.40 0.38 0.39 0.35 0.24 0.22 0.03 0.03 0.033
Margin Stability 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.97 0.99 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.94 0.940
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.97 0.99 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.98 0.99 0.95 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.99 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.92 0.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.94 0.97 0.88 0.98 0.94 0.86 0.98 0.52 — — — — 0.13 0.29 0.293
ROE Trend -0.15 -0.14 -0.11 -0.02 -0.50 -0.48 -0.27 -0.26 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.02 -0.01 0.04 -0.37 -0.35 0.15 0.13 0.27 0.23 0.229
Gross Margin Trend -0.04 -0.04 -0.01 0.03 0.07 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 -0.11 -0.107
FCF Margin Trend 0.01 0.04 -0.07 -0.02 0.13 -0.01 -0.05 0.02 -0.04 -0.05 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.09 0.08 0.06 0.03 -0.03 -0.15 -0.13 -0.127
Sustainable Growth Rate 26.6% 15.9% 98.6% 98.4% 2.7% 2.6% 1.7% 2.5% 2.6% 2.0% 2.9% 2.5% 0.8% -1.5% — — -1.7% -1.7% 5.1% 2.4% 2.37%
Internal Growth Rate 5.1% 3.0% 60.3% 61.3% 1.2% 1.1% 0.8% 1.1% 1.2% 0.9% 1.4% 1.2% 0.4% — — — — — 2.2% 1.0% 1.04%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.99 1.24 0.14 0.20 1.71 1.29 1.31 1.36 1.27 1.12 1.22 1.55 1.32 1.20 -0.75 -0.76 2.17 1.87 0.74 0.93 0.932
FCF/OCF 0.87 0.87 0.85 0.89 0.93 0.90 0.89 0.91 0.91 0.89 0.91 0.93 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.96 1.43 1.50 1.01 1.00 1.004
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.936
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.482
CapEx/Revenue 4.1% 4.5% 4.0% 3.4% 3.1% 3.1% 3.1% 2.9% 2.9% 3.0% 2.9% 2.3% 1.7% 1.9% 1.7% 1.8% 2.4% 2.3% 2.2% 2.3% 2.25%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.249
Accruals Ratio 0.00 -0.03 0.36 0.33 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.18 -0.18 -0.03 -0.02 0.02 0.00 0.004
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.024
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.018
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 5.41%
Dividend/Share $1.28 $1.39 $1.53 $1.50 $1.92 $1.99 $2.01 $2.03 $2.07 $2.11 $2.13 $1.63 $2.70 $4.40 $3.40 $2.35 $1.79 $1.79 $2.41 $2.45 $2.44
Payout Ratio 62.6% 74.1% 9.2% 9.0% 72.1% 73.3% 80.6% 73.5% 74.1% 78.2% 72.2% 68.5% 91.7% 1.1% — — 1.3% 1.3% 68.2% 82.5% 82.54%
FCF Payout Ratio 72.3% 68.3% 76.1% 50.7% 45.6% 62.8% 69.0% 59.3% 64.6% 78.3% 65.2% 47.7% 73.6% 98.2% 74.0% 52.2% 41.4% 45.4% 91.4% 88.2% 88.19%
Total Payout Ratio 64.0% 79.1% 9.8% 9.3% 74.4% 75.1% 82.7% 73.8% 74.4% 79.5% 73.4% 93.3% 1.3% 1.3% — — 1.5% 1.4% 83.4% 1.0% 1.05%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.74 0.72 1.27 1.24 0.72 0.75 0.72 0.73 0.74 0.73 0.74 0.69 0.71 0.76 0.84 0.83 0.87 0.88 0.79 0.77 0.773
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.31 1.18 0.99 0.96 0.88 0.87 0.87 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.84 0.80 0.85 -1.36 -1.54 0.76 0.64 0.94 0.82 0.824
EBIT Margin 0.34 0.33 1.52 1.33 0.39 0.38 0.35 0.38 0.38 0.37 0.40 0.35 0.42 0.48 0.46 0.41 0.18 0.21 0.41 0.39 0.393
Asset Turnover 0.40 0.39 0.22 0.26 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.24 0.237
Equity Multiplier 5.45 5.45 2.62 2.59 2.28 2.28 2.22 2.24 2.20 2.19 2.12 2.11 2.04 2.04 2.13 2.10 2.32 2.27 2.34 2.30 2.295
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $2.05 $1.87 $16.55 $16.74 $2.66 $2.72 $2.49 $2.77 $2.79 $2.70 $2.95 $2.37 $2.95 $3.92 $-6.44 $-6.20 $1.39 $1.40 $3.54 $2.97 $2.97
Book Value/Share $3.61 $3.41 $26.85 $27.55 $28.90 $28.83 $27.89 $30.14 $27.29 $27.39 $29.20 $32.45 $33.33 $32.32 $23.57 $24.24 $22.54 $21.26 $21.85 $22.23 $22.45
Tangible Book/Share $-1.74 $-1.97 $-25.16 $-25.44 $-25.86 $-25.97 $-23.96 $-25.12 $-22.94 $-22.18 $-21.12 $-23.88 $-23.75 $-22.27 $-19.28 $-18.19 $-20.27 $-17.85 $-17.79 $-17.55 $-17.55
Revenue/Share $6.24 $6.57 $8.64 $10.50 $10.81 $11.05 $11.30 $11.32 $11.23 $11.18 $11.18 $11.60 $12.23 $12.62 $12.23 $11.73 $11.74 $11.61 $11.68 $11.89 $11.91
FCF/Share $1.78 $2.03 $2.01 $2.96 $4.21 $3.17 $2.91 $3.43 $3.20 $2.69 $3.28 $3.41 $3.68 $4.48 $4.60 $4.50 $4.32 $3.93 $2.64 $2.78 $2.49
OCF/Share $2.04 $2.32 $2.36 $3.31 $4.55 $3.52 $3.26 $3.75 $3.53 $3.02 $3.60 $3.68 $3.88 $4.72 $4.80 $4.71 $3.02 $2.63 $2.61 $2.77 $2.76
Cash/Share $0.98 $0.90 $1.48 $1.02 $1.23 $1.53 $1.16 $2.17 $1.47 $1.46 $1.42 $1.82 $1.78 $1.85 $1.33 $2.97 $2.64 $2.22 $1.75 $1.16 $1.17
EBITDA/Share $2.34 $2.48 $13.50 $14.39 $4.65 $4.66 $4.62 $4.92 $4.77 $4.65 $4.90 $4.46 $5.34 $6.37 $5.90 $5.66 $3.51 $3.65 $5.75 $5.74 $5.74
Debt/Share $8.61 $9.23 $21.84 $21.42 $20.98 $22.21 $19.80 $22.00 $19.15 $19.60 $17.26 $19.74 $19.08 $18.85 $17.81 $18.09 $16.78 $16.02 $15.99 $16.11 $16.11
Net Debt/Share $7.63 $8.33 $20.35 $20.40 $19.75 $20.67 $18.65 $19.83 $17.68 $18.14 $15.84 $17.92 $17.30 $17.00 $16.48 $15.12 $14.14 $13.80 $14.24 $14.95 $14.95
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 4 6 6 6 7 7 6 8 7 6 5 7 8 9 5 4 7 8 7 5 5
Beneish M-Score -2.24 -2.45 -0.65 -0.88 -2.76 -2.30 -2.38 -2.43 -2.55 -2.54 -2.46 -2.69 -2.40 -2.38 -3.73 -3.87 -2.88 -2.68 -2.13 -2.28 -2.279
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -8.723
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-22.00
EVA snapshot only $-659307236.70
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB
Credit Score 58.60 56.65 61.85 62.15 57.20 56.30 56.30 58.85 57.65 56.30 59.15 58.85 60.35 60.85 56.85 53.10 43.40 51.00 56.85 55.65 55.650
Credit Grade snapshot only 9
Credit Trend snapshot only 2.550
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 275.000

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