— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: CIO-PA (NYSE) · $vol 0M

CIO NYSE

City Office REIT, Inc.
1W: +0.6% 1M: +2.8% 3M: +0.6% 1Y: +39.0% 3Y: +3.2% 5Y: +5.6%
$6.99
Last traded 2025-12-31 — delisted
NYSE · Real Estate · REIT - Office · $282.1M mcap · 32M float · 1.26% daily turnover · Short 36% of daily vol

Edge Score

Quantitative competitive moat analysis scoring five pillars of durable advantage — cost leadership, brand intangibles, switching costs, network effects, and efficient scale — using industry percentile rankings on a 0–100 scale.

NO EDGE
29.9 / 100
NoneWeakNarrowWide
Primary source: Cost Advantage  ·  ROIC: -6.9%  ·  5Y Avg: 5.4%
Cost Advantage ★
38
Intangibles
30
Switching Cost
31
Network Effect
19
Scale
28
The Edge Score quantifies a company's competitive moat using five pillars: Cost Advantage (20%, operating margin and SG&A efficiency vs industry peers), Intangible Assets (25%, gross margin premium, R&D intensity, brand pricing power), Switching Costs (25%, revenue stability, earnings consistency, customer retention proxied by operating leverage), Network Effects (15%, revenue growth with expanding margins, market share dominance), and Efficient Scale (15%, market concentration, ROIC sustainability). Each pillar is scored 0–100 using industry percentile rankings, then weighted into a composite. Wide ≥ 70, Narrow ≥ 55, Weak ≥ 40, None < 40. CIO has No discernible competitive edge (29.9/100). The business operates without significant structural advantages. The primary source of advantage is Cost Advantage. Negative ROIC of -6.9% indicates the company is currently destroying value, though this may reflect a growth investment phase.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 3Hold: 5Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$—
Analysts0
Price Target Change History
DateFirmAnalystOldNewChangeUpside @ CallStock@Call
2022-07-20 Deutsche Bank — Initiated $15 — +13.0% $13.27

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 25 Grade D
Profitability
24
Balance Sheet
39
Earnings Quality
31
Growth
28
Value
41
Momentum
32
Safety
15
Cash Flow
55
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. CIO scores highest in Cash Flow (55/100) and lowest in Safety (15/100). A grade of D flags significant fundamental concerns across multiple dimensions.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
0.18
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-3.59
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.01
Bankruptcy prob: 0.2%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
B+
Score: 31.3/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
—
OCF/NI: -0.39x
Accruals: -13.3%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. CIO scores 0.18, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. CIO scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. CIO's score of -3.59 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. CIO's implied 0.2% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. CIO receives an estimated rating of B+ (score: 31.3/100), with a improving trend.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
-2.50x
PEG
0.01x
P/S
3.54x
P/B
0.46x
P/FCF
5.90x
P/OCF
5.90x
EV/EBITDA
-19.20x
EV/Revenue
4.04x
EV/EBIT
-7.26x
EV/FCF
13.90x
Earnings Yield
-43.27%
FCF Yield
16.94%
Shareholder Yield
8.38%
Graham Number
—
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. CIO currently has negative earnings — the P/E ratio is not meaningful.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
1.003
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.329
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
-0.556
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.129
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.873
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
-17.9%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. CIO's ROE of -17.9% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.129), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue. A tax burden ratio of 1.00 indicates minimal tax leakage — the company retains over 90% of pre-tax earnings.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
—
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$6.99
Median 1Y
$6.44
5th Pctile
$3.11
95th Pctile
$13.30
Ann. Volatility
42.1%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
ROE 0.9% 10.3% 11.6% 11.5% 74.7% 71.4% 72.2% 75.7% 4.5% -3.4% -3.6% -4.0% -2.9% -0.5% -0.9% -1.3% -2.3% -2.5% -17.5% -17.9% -17.91%
ROA 0.4% 4.2% 4.4% 4.3% 34.8% 35.3% 35.0% 35.1% 2.3% -1.8% -1.9% -2.1% -1.5% -0.3% -0.5% -0.6% -1.2% -1.3% -8.6% -9.6% -9.56%
ROIC 2.9% 3.1% 3.0% 3.0% 30.8% 30.4% 30.9% 28.0% 2.2% 2.0% 1.9% 1.9% 1.7% 1.7% 1.6% 1.5% 1.1% 1.0% -5.4% -6.9% -6.94%
ROCE 2.9% 7.8% 7.8% 7.5% 32.5% 33.7% 34.5% 31.7% 3.7% 2.3% 2.6% 2.6% 2.2% 2.3% 2.1% 2.0% 1.4% 1.3% -8.6% -10.3% -10.30%
Gross Margin 63.2% 64.3% 64.5% 66.2% 63.4% 63.2% 63.0% 61.8% 61.9% 61.4% 61.3% 60.1% 60.8% 60.1% 58.7% 58.0% 60.8% 61.5% 61.5% 58.1% 58.11%
Operating Margin 18.5% 20.7% 19.4% 16.0% 11.1% 20.3% 20.5% 19.9% 19.5% 19.9% 17.8% 18.8% 13.2% 17.9% 14.9% 14.5% -4.2% 16.9% -2.3% 11.3% 11.31%
Net Margin 0.9% 1.2% 4.2% 1.9% 10.9% 1.0% 2.3% 4.4% -26.7% -42.3% -1.5% -0.1% -6.0% -1.3% -8.9% -6.2% -25.5% -4.0% -2.5% -10.2% -10.23%
EBITDA Margin 55.7% 1.8% 56.2% 48.0% 11.4% 1.0% 54.4% 53.4% 54.7% 52.5% 52.1% 51.4% 51.3% 51.1% 45.4% 48.4% 30.5% 51.8% -1.9% 31.5% 31.50%
FCF Margin 37.3% 39.2% 38.1% 43.4% 39.6% 38.2% 58.7% 54.5% 53.8% 53.3% 29.1% 29.2% 29.3% 31.5% 33.3% 33.3% 34.4% 32.3% 31.1% 29.1% 29.06%
OCF Margin 37.3% 40.4% 40.0% 47.5% 44.6% 42.7% 64.3% 59.6% 59.1% 58.3% 32.8% 32.2% 32.0% 33.6% 35.0% 34.0% 34.4% 32.3% 31.1% 29.1% 29.06%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only -8.44%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 8.83%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only -4.71%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only -3.08%
ROIC Economic snapshot only -6.81%
Cash ROA snapshot only 4.46%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 4.80%
CROIC snapshot only 4.80%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only -41.96%
Pretax Margin snapshot only -73.96%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 9.59%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 1.73%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
P/E Ratio 67.21 6.69 7.66 11.61 1.36 1.24 0.92 0.68 7.09 -7.91 -6.21 -4.51 -9.36 -46.70 -25.76 -22.53 -11.81 -10.68 -1.76 -2.31 -2.496
P/S Ratio 1.89 2.12 2.47 3.52 3.98 3.51 2.52 1.86 1.47 1.23 1.03 0.81 1.19 1.05 1.03 1.25 1.22 1.19 1.25 1.72 3.544
P/B Ratio 0.73 0.74 0.88 1.30 0.75 0.67 0.50 0.40 0.33 0.28 0.24 0.18 0.28 0.24 0.24 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.34 0.46 0.462
P/FCF 5.08 5.40 6.50 8.13 10.04 9.18 4.30 3.42 2.72 2.32 3.55 2.76 4.08 3.32 3.10 3.76 3.55 3.67 4.03 5.90 5.903
P/OCF 5.08 5.24 6.18 7.42 8.92 8.21 3.92 3.12 2.48 2.12 3.15 2.51 3.73 3.11 2.96 3.68 3.55 3.67 4.03 5.90 5.903
EV/EBITDA 10.49 6.48 7.21 8.57 2.27 2.27 1.96 2.13 9.41 9.19 8.60 8.24 9.19 9.02 9.19 9.86 11.13 11.08 -32.94 -19.20 -19.201
EV/Revenue 5.95 5.60 6.21 7.09 7.84 7.26 6.11 6.64 6.24 4.94 4.57 4.34 4.76 4.64 4.58 4.84 4.89 4.88 5.01 4.04 4.038
EV/EBIT 31.03 11.40 12.71 15.18 2.53 2.54 2.20 2.39 19.70 25.18 24.28 23.40 28.59 28.78 31.27 35.75 52.85 55.06 -9.79 -7.26 -7.259
EV/FCF 15.96 14.29 16.30 16.36 19.77 19.01 10.42 12.20 11.60 9.27 15.72 14.87 16.27 14.73 13.73 14.55 14.22 15.11 16.11 13.90 13.899
Earnings Yield 1.5% 14.9% 13.1% 8.6% 73.6% 80.8% 1.1% 1.5% 14.1% -12.6% -16.1% -22.2% -10.7% -2.1% -3.9% -4.4% -8.5% -9.4% -56.8% -43.3% -43.27%
FCF Yield 19.7% 18.5% 15.4% 12.3% 10.0% 10.9% 23.3% 29.2% 36.7% 43.2% 28.2% 36.2% 24.5% 30.1% 32.2% 26.6% 28.2% 27.2% 24.8% 16.9% 16.94%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.011
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 0.479
EV/OCF snapshot only 13.899
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 6.671
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 8.38%
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Current Ratio 1.15 0.79 0.54 1.63 1.88 0.42 0.52 1.73 1.98 2.17 0.42 0.42 0.70 0.39 0.38 0.31 0.32 0.30 1.17 0.34 0.341
Quick Ratio 1.15 0.79 0.54 1.63 1.88 0.42 0.52 1.73 1.98 2.17 0.42 0.42 0.70 0.39 0.38 0.31 0.32 0.30 1.17 0.34 0.341
Debt/Equity 1.62 1.25 1.35 1.35 0.75 0.75 0.75 1.04 1.11 0.90 0.86 0.86 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.89 1.06 0.66 0.659
Net Debt/Equity 1.56 1.22 1.32 1.31 0.73 0.72 0.72 1.02 1.07 0.85 0.81 0.81 0.83 0.83 0.82 0.83 0.86 0.86 1.03 0.62 0.624
Debt/Assets 0.59 0.53 0.54 0.52 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.54 0.57 0.45 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.49 0.38 0.377
Debt/EBITDA 7.43 4.13 4.43 4.44 1.16 1.22 1.20 1.57 7.44 7.26 7.06 7.10 7.21 7.31 7.43 7.61 8.60 8.68 -25.41 -11.67 -11.666
Net Debt/EBITDA 7.15 4.03 4.34 4.31 1.12 1.17 1.15 1.53 7.20 6.89 6.66 6.71 6.89 6.99 7.11 7.31 8.35 8.39 -24.70 -11.05 -11.047
Interest Coverage — — — — — — — 74.01 4.07 1.62 1.13 1.06 1.25 1.20 1.07 0.96 0.48 0.45 -2.59 -2.86 -2.856
Equity Multiplier 2.78 2.37 2.49 2.59 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.92 1.96 1.99 1.95 1.95 1.96 1.96 1.95 1.97 1.98 1.98 2.16 1.75 1.749
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.117
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only -1.080
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.053
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.118
Defensive Interval snapshot only 122.1 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Asset Turnover 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.129
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 62.84 4.92 4.90 5.13 64.85 5.01 5.00 5.09 48.16 4.42 4.18 3.96 36.52 3.56 3.47 3.34 37.94 3.21 3.65 3.49 3.492
Payables Turnover 2.15 2.40 2.32 1.80 2.21 2.23 2.30 4.07 5.00 4.13 4.19 — — — — — — — 5.90 4.46 4.457
DSO 6 74 75 71 6 73 73 72 8 83 87 92 10 103 105 109 10 114 100 105 104.5 days
DIO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 170 152 157 203 165 164 159 90 73 88 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 82 81.9 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -164 -78 -83 -132 -160 -91 -86 -18 -65 -6 0 92 10 103 105 109 10 114 38 23 22.6 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 7.673
Capital Intensity snapshot only 6.516
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Revenue 2.9% 0.6% 1.8% 2.6% 2.0% 5.7% 8.9% 6.9% 10.0% 7.2% 3.3% 2.2% -0.8% -2.2% -2.9% -3.3% -4.5% -4.9% -3.7% -5.6% -5.61%
Net Income 1.5% 12.7% 16.3% 6.1% 105.2% 8.5% 8.2% 8.6% -92.2% -1.1% -1.1% -1.1% -1.6% 86.0% 76.5% 69.9% 22.6% -3.7% -16.1% -11.6% -11.60%
EPS 2.1% 15.9% 17.9% 6.2% 103.8% 8.4% 8.0% 9.0% -91.4% -1.1% -1.1% -1.1% -1.6% 86.0% 76.7% 70.1% 23.0% -3.7% -16.0% -11.5% -11.54%
FCF 21.1% 9.3% -1.7% 18.9% 8.5% 3.0% 67.9% 34.3% 49.3% 49.5% -48.8% -45.2% -46.0% -42.1% 11.2% 10.2% 12.3% -2.5% -10.1% -17.5% -17.53%
EBITDA 1.5% 51.3% 51.6% 45.4% 5.2% 2.9% 2.9% 3.0% -78.8% -82.0% -82.3% -82.7% -22.5% -6.4% -9.1% -9.9% -19.0% -18.6% -1.3% -1.4% -1.40%
Op. Income 9.4% 6.9% 10.4% -1.2% 13.7% 13.5% 13.5% 14.3% -92.2% -92.2% -92.5% -92.7% -13.5% -17.0% -18.3% -22.9% -40.3% -40.6% -4.0% -4.3% -4.31%
OCF Growth snapshot only -19.38%
Asset Growth snapshot only -27.66%
Equity Growth snapshot only -18.34%
Debt Growth snapshot only -37.99%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.52%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -0.17%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Revenue 3Y 14.7% 12.5% 10.9% 9.1% 8.2% 7.8% 6.2% 5.1% 4.9% 4.5% 4.6% 3.9% 3.6% 3.5% 3.0% 1.9% 1.4% -0.1% -1.2% -2.3% -2.28%
Revenue 5Y 23.9% 21.7% 20.0% 19.0% 17.8% 15.7% 14.0% 12.7% 11.1% 10.0% 9.0% 7.2% 6.7% 5.6% 3.7% 2.8% 1.8% 1.2% 1.4% 0.5% 0.46%
EPS 3Y -6.3% -6.1% 1.2% 0.7% 1.3% — — — 2.1% — — — — — — — — — — — —
EPS 5Y — — 1.4% 97.4% — 1.3% 1.9% 1.9% 49.4% — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 3Y 5.1% 0.1% 7.7% 5.8% 1.4% — — — 1.7% — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 5Y — — 1.7% 1.2% — 1.5% 2.2% 2.1% 57.1% — — — — — — — — — — — —
EBITDA 3Y 17.1% 31.3% 28.7% 24.4% 1.0% 97.5% 91.8% 89.7% 10.0% 2.2% 1.8% 0.4% 0.6% -12.9% -14.2% -14.4% -49.0% -48.4% — — —
EBITDA 5Y 29.8% 46.3% 28.1% 25.6% 67.0% 57.7% 64.9% 62.8% 16.1% 9.8% 8.2% 6.0% 6.5% 5.4% 2.5% 1.2% -3.5% -4.1% — — —
Gross Profit 3Y 17.3% 14.8% 12.7% 10.8% 10.0% 9.5% 7.1% 4.9% 4.4% 3.7% 3.6% 2.5% 2.1% 1.6% 0.8% -0.9% -1.4% -2.5% -3.0% -3.5% -3.48%
Gross Profit 5Y 24.2% 22.2% 20.8% 20.2% 19.1% 16.9% 15.5% 14.1% 12.1% 10.7% 9.2% 7.1% 6.5% 5.3% 2.9% 1.6% 0.5% -0.0% 0.4% -0.5% -0.53%
Op. Income 3Y 27.4% 20.7% 18.6% 13.1% 2.1% 2.1% 1.8% 1.8% 7.9% 6.6% 6.3% 3.4% -0.2% -2.0% -3.8% -4.8% -65.7% -66.2% — — —
Op. Income 5Y 47.4% — — 1.0% — 1.3% 1.2% 1.1% 18.9% 14.8% 12.7% 10.1% 14.9% 13.2% 7.2% 3.9% -8.3% -9.8% — — —
FCF 3Y — — — — 15.5% 12.1% -3.5% -5.7% 25.2% 19.0% -5.4% -4.4% -4.4% -3.8% -1.5% -6.8% -3.3% -5.5% -20.0% -20.7% -20.74%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.4% 4.0% -12.5% -12.7% 3.5% -1.0% -3.3% -4.5% -4.49%
OCF 3Y 17.9% 22.3% 21.3% 23.8% 20.2% 18.8% 31.5% 28.5% 29.2% 22.6% -1.6% -1.2% -1.5% -2.6% -1.5% -8.9% -7.0% -9.0% -22.4% -23.1% -23.10%
OCF 5Y 33.4% 32.5% 44.5% 40.1% 30.8% 32.4% 30.7% 26.9% 23.9% 24.5% 10.5% 7.0% 6.3% 6.7% 4.4% 3.6% 3.5% -1.0% -3.3% -4.5% -4.49%
Assets 3Y 8.9% 8.2% 7.5% 4.4% 13.3% 12.6% 11.9% 10.0% 8.6% 6.7% 8.3% 9.3% 9.3% 11.4% 9.5% 8.6% -3.1% -4.2% -6.2% -12.3% -12.34%
Assets 5Y 21.1% 19.9% 18.8% 18.8% 19.3% 16.9% 16.3% 12.5% 11.9% 12.9% 11.1% 8.6% 6.6% 5.6% 5.2% 4.4% 3.5% 2.0% 1.8% -1.9% -1.87%
Equity 3Y 5.1% 5.0% 5.5% 2.4% 29.8% 32.0% 32.6% 20.8% 13.6% 14.6% 21.5% 22.7% 22.8% 18.7% 18.8% 18.8% -5.5% -6.4% -11.1% -9.5% -9.54%
Book Value 3Y -6.3% -1.5% -0.9% -2.6% 25.1% 27.0% 27.6% 21.3% 26.1% 27.2% 28.8% 26.8% 26.4% 22.5% 22.0% 22.0% -2.5% -3.2% -8.2% -8.2% -8.24%
Dividend 3Y -15.4% -17.7% -17.7% -15.3% -10.0% -3.0% 0.2% 6.5% 19.1% 15.8% 7.8% -0.9% -6.1% -9.5% -14.0% -10.4% -6.3% -1.8% 3.4% 1.6% 1.55%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Revenue Stability 0.97 0.96 0.93 0.91 0.89 0.90 0.90 0.89 0.89 0.91 0.94 0.94 0.92 0.91 0.85 0.79 0.56 0.35 0.29 0.06 0.063
Earnings Stability 0.11 0.22 0.21 0.22 0.43 0.45 0.47 0.47 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.11 0.11 0.112
Margin Stability 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.972
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — —
ROE Trend -0.04 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.55 0.48 0.49 0.52 -0.24 -0.36 -0.37 -0.39 -0.33 -0.26 -0.26 -0.28 -0.03 -0.01 -0.17 -0.17 -0.172
Gross Margin Trend 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.00 0.00 0.002
FCF Margin Trend 0.05 0.04 -0.21 -0.13 0.05 0.01 0.20 0.14 0.15 0.15 -0.19 -0.20 -0.17 -0.14 -0.11 -0.09 -0.07 -0.10 -0.00 -0.02 -0.022
Sustainable Growth Rate -7.6% 3.2% 4.1% 3.8% 69.5% 66.1% 66.5% 69.4% -0.5% — — — — — — — — — — — —
Internal Growth Rate — 1.3% 1.6% 1.4% 48.0% 48.5% 47.5% 47.5% — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
OCF/Net Income 13.24 1.28 1.24 1.56 0.15 0.15 0.23 0.22 2.86 -3.74 -1.97 -1.80 -2.51 -15.03 -8.70 -6.12 -3.33 -2.91 -0.44 -0.39 -0.392
FCF/OCF 1.00 0.97 0.95 0.91 0.89 0.89 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.89 0.91 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.98 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -0.392
CapEx/Revenue 0.0% 1.2% 1.9% 4.2% 5.0% 4.5% 5.6% 5.2% 5.3% 5.1% 3.7% 3.0% 2.7% 2.1% 1.6% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.000
Accruals Ratio -0.05 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 0.30 0.30 0.27 0.27 -0.04 -0.08 -0.06 -0.06 -0.05 -0.04 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.12 -0.13 -0.133
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.028
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.023
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Dividend Yield 13.5% 10.3% 8.5% 5.8% 5.1% 6.0% 8.6% 12.2% 15.6% 18.1% 21.4% 24.4% 14.7% 14.8% 12.9% 10.8% 11.2% 11.7% 11.1% 8.4% 0.00%
Dividend/Share $0.94 $0.79 $0.77 $0.77 $0.76 $0.80 $0.85 $0.95 $1.04 $1.02 $1.00 $0.88 $0.78 $0.68 $0.58 $0.58 $0.58 $0.58 $0.58 $0.58 $0.00
Payout Ratio 9.1% 68.8% 64.8% 67.1% 7.0% 7.4% 7.9% 8.3% 1.1% — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Payout Ratio 68.7% 55.5% 55.0% 47.0% 51.5% 55.2% 36.9% 41.8% 42.6% 42.0% 75.8% 67.4% 59.8% 48.9% 40.1% 40.6% 39.9% 43.0% 44.7% 49.4% 49.42%
Total Payout Ratio 31.3% 2.4% 85.8% 67.6% 7.0% 7.5% 9.0% 18.7% 2.5% — — — — — — — — — — — —
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number -0.01 -0.22 -0.25 -0.24 -0.14 0.08 0.21 0.32 0.39 0.32 0.27 0.13 -0.10 -0.18 -0.28 -0.23 -0.14 -0.03 0.11 0.09 0.087
Buyback Yield 33.0% 26.2% 2.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 15.3% 18.9% 23.1% 25.1% 1.1% 0.0% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.01%
Net Buyback Yield 32.5% 25.7% -1.1% -2.6% -2.1% -2.3% 1.1% 15.3% 18.9% 23.1% 25.1% 1.1% 0.0% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.01%
Total Shareholder Return 46.0% 36.0% 7.3% 3.2% 3.1% 3.7% 9.7% 27.5% 34.6% 41.2% 46.4% 25.5% 14.7% 15.6% 13.8% 11.5% 11.2% 11.7% 11.1% 8.4% 8.38%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.88 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.99 1.04 1.04 1.04 2.11 3.47 2.56 2.33 5.62 1.18 1.09 1.06 1.03 1.03 1.00 1.00 1.003
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.17 0.68 0.69 0.69 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.31 -0.23 -0.34 -0.41 -0.14 -0.12 -0.25 -0.39 -1.08 -1.21 1.39 1.33 1.329
EBIT Margin 0.19 0.49 0.49 0.47 3.10 2.86 2.77 2.78 0.32 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.09 0.09 -0.51 -0.56 -0.556
Asset Turnover 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.129
Equity Multiplier 2.47 2.43 2.62 2.67 2.14 2.02 2.06 2.15 1.90 1.91 1.89 1.94 1.96 1.98 1.95 1.96 1.97 1.97 2.04 1.87 1.873
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.10 $1.15 $1.19 $1.14 $10.88 $10.81 $10.77 $11.40 $0.94 $-0.71 $-0.75 $-0.80 $-0.57 $-0.10 $-0.18 $-0.24 $-0.44 $-0.47 $-2.98 $-3.01 $-3.01
Book Value/Share $9.56 $10.41 $10.41 $10.24 $19.69 $19.96 $19.67 $19.56 $20.21 $19.84 $19.74 $19.63 $19.34 $19.14 $18.89 $18.60 $18.28 $18.08 $15.24 $15.11 $15.12
Tangible Book/Share $8.55 $9.51 $9.55 $9.54 $18.13 $18.49 $18.28 $18.17 $18.82 $18.52 $18.50 $18.45 $18.27 $18.13 $17.93 $17.70 $17.41 $17.26 $14.61 $14.52 $14.52
Revenue/Share $3.69 $3.64 $3.69 $3.77 $3.71 $3.81 $3.93 $4.17 $4.54 $4.55 $4.52 $4.49 $4.48 $4.43 $4.37 $4.32 $4.26 $4.21 $4.18 $4.06 $1.97
FCF/Share $1.37 $1.43 $1.41 $1.63 $1.47 $1.46 $2.31 $2.27 $2.44 $2.43 $1.32 $1.31 $1.31 $1.40 $1.46 $1.44 $1.47 $1.36 $1.30 $1.18 $0.66
OCF/Share $1.37 $1.47 $1.48 $1.79 $1.66 $1.63 $2.53 $2.48 $2.69 $2.66 $1.48 $1.44 $1.43 $1.49 $1.53 $1.47 $1.47 $1.36 $1.30 $1.18 $0.66
Cash/Share $0.58 $0.34 $0.31 $0.41 $0.48 $0.60 $0.59 $0.52 $0.71 $0.90 $0.96 $0.92 $0.75 $0.74 $0.70 $0.65 $0.47 $0.55 $0.45 $0.53 $0.53
EBITDA/Share $2.09 $3.15 $3.18 $3.12 $12.80 $12.21 $12.24 $12.99 $3.01 $2.45 $2.41 $2.37 $2.32 $2.28 $2.18 $2.12 $1.87 $1.85 $-0.64 $-0.85 $-0.85
Debt/Share $15.54 $13.00 $14.09 $13.85 $14.80 $14.92 $14.71 $20.44 $22.42 $17.77 $16.99 $16.80 $16.76 $16.67 $16.17 $16.14 $16.11 $16.09 $16.18 $9.96 $9.96
Net Debt/Share $14.96 $12.67 $13.78 $13.45 $14.32 $14.32 $14.12 $19.92 $21.71 $16.87 $16.03 $15.88 $16.01 $15.93 $15.47 $15.50 $15.64 $15.54 $15.73 $9.43 $9.43
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.178
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only -0.500
Piotroski F-Score 7 8 8 9 6 4 4 5 6 5 4 5 4 5 4 3 4 3 5 6 6
Beneish M-Score -2.71 3.10 3.07 1.95 -1.18 -1.11 -1.55 -0.75 -2.41 -2.60 3.86 -2.49 -2.58 -2.55 -2.63 -2.67 -2.76 -2.77 -3.77 -3.59 -3.586
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.008
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-9.77
EVA snapshot only $-167780820.00
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only B+
Credit Score 51.42 53.11 48.80 63.30 75.23 60.72 61.16 71.72 48.49 43.20 21.16 22.27 23.11 23.25 22.77 19.09 17.05 17.69 33.85 31.28 31.279
Credit Grade snapshot only 14
Credit Trend snapshot only 12.188
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 650.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 42
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 26

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