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CRLA.PA PAR

Caisse Régionale de Crédit Agricole Mutuel du Languedoc Société coopérative
1W: -11.3% 1M: -18.8% 3M: -24.5% YTD: -10.7% 1Y: -23.4% 3Y: +57.0% 5Y: +56.9%
€72.31 ($81.21)
-4.69 (-6.09%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.8%
€67 €70 €72 €75 €78
PAR · Financial Services · Banks - Regional · Tech Score Sell · Power 37 · €126.6M mcap · 2M float · 0.032% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
2
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. CRLA.PA receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROA (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: ROE (2/5), D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B B+
2026-08-17 B- B
2026-08-14 B B-
2026-07-27 B+ B
2026-07-24 B B+
2026-05-04 B+ B
2026-04-30 B B+
2026-04-24 B+ B
2026-04-22 A- B+
2026-04-07 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 24 Grade D
Profitability
49
Balance Sheet
19
Earnings Quality
63
Growth
51
Value
81
Momentum
39
Safety
50
Cash Flow
18
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. CRLA.PA scores highest in Value (81/100) and lowest in Cash Flow (18/100). A grade of D flags significant fundamental concerns across multiple dimensions.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman-B Score
2.16
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-0.61
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.29
Bankruptcy prob: 0.2%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BB
Score: 44.5/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
25/100
OCF/NI: -0.02x
Accruals: 1.1%
The Altman-B Score replaces the traditional Z-Score for banks and financial institutions. It weights equity-to-assets, return on assets, retained earnings, market value coverage, and cash reserves — metrics that better capture bank solvency than manufacturing-oriented ratios. CRLA.PA scores 2.16, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 3.0, distress < 1.5). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. CRLA.PA scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. CRLA.PA's score of -0.61 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. CRLA.PA's implied 0.2% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. CRLA.PA receives an estimated rating of BB (score: 44.5/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). CRLA.PA's score of 25/100 is low — reported earnings may not be fully supported by cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
6.71x
PEG
0.43x
P/S
0.08x
P/B
0.23x
P/FCF
-26.37x
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
35.03x
EV/Revenue
6.51x
EV/EBIT
36.60x
EV/FCF
-248.04x
Earnings Yield
21.51%
FCF Yield
-3.79%
Shareholder Yield
0.00%
Graham Number
$379.45
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 6.7x earnings, CRLA.PA trades at a deep value multiple. An earnings yield of 21.5% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $379.45 per share, suggesting a potential 425% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.839
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.997
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.178
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.075
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
6.197
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
6.9%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. CRLA.PA's ROE of 6.9% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 6.20x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
11.12%
Fair P/E
30.73x
Intrinsic Value
$618.25
Price/Value
0.15x
Margin of Safety
84.88%
Premium
-84.88%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with CRLA.PA's realized 11.1% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. At an intrinsic value of $618.25, CRLA.PA appears undervalued with a 85% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 30.7x compares to the current market P/E of 6.7x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$72.31
Median 1Y
$70.49
5th Pctile
$42.69
95th Pctile
$116.45
Ann. Volatility
30.4%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 11.1% 11.0% 11.4% 10.4% 10.9% 10.8% 9.7% 7.5% 8.1% 7.8% 7.9% 10.4% 9.7% 9.3% 8.0% 7.2% 6.9% 6.9% 6.5% 6.9% 6.89%
ROA 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.4% 1.0% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.4% 1.3% 1.2% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.1% 1.11%
ROIC 2.1% 12.5% 13.0% 9.9% 10.7% 10.3% 10.9% 12.5% 12.4% 16.0% 15.2% 21.0% 12.5% 11.3% 9.9% 7.0% 0.9% 6.5% 1.7% 1.9% 1.85%
ROCE 2.5% 3.3% 2.1% 2.7% 2.7% 2.6% 2.3% 2.1% 4.4% 3.9% 5.3% 4.7% 4.0% 3.8% 5.6% 3.9% 3.2% 1.2% 1.4% 1.3% 1.32%
Gross Margin 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 5.2% 2.8% 31.0% 1.0% 40.1% 49.5% 49.53%
Operating Margin 43.0% 45.9% 53.7% 46.8% 40.5% 46.5% 23.1% 15.1% 30.6% 31.0% 27.3% 33.4% 17.9% 15.6% 9.8% 39.8% -13.3% 97.9% 12.1% 21.0% 20.97%
Net Margin 20.1% 34.8% 32.9% 34.5% 27.2% 35.0% 16.3% 8.5% 22.8% 22.7% 20.8% 27.3% 13.9% 13.6% 7.8% 36.5% 7.3% 37.0% 8.7% 18.9% 18.89%
EBITDA Margin 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0% 24.5% 69.3% 96.3% 96.1% 29.6% 34.6% 69.1% 55.0% 9.8% 39.8% 9.4% 42.5% 14.1% 21.8% 21.84%
FCF Margin 89.2% 82.7% 63.1% 67.2% 0.8% -1.0% 24.6% 7.9% 17.5% 31.8% 19.2% 91.1% 88.5% 56.8% 28.0% -35.6% -52.9% -53.1% -29.5% -2.6% -2.62%
OCF Margin 90.2% 83.7% 64.3% 68.4% 2.5% 1.0% 26.3% 9.9% 19.1% 33.6% 20.9% 92.6% 90.5% 58.5% 29.6% -34.1% -52.0% -52.6% -27.1% -0.3% -0.32%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 7.55%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 7.89%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 1.15%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 5.31%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 1.84%
Cash ROA snapshot only -0.02%
Cash ROIC snapshot only -0.04%
CROIC snapshot only -0.32%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 15.15%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 17.74%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 9.32%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 2.27 2.50 2.42 3.12 2.89 3.07 3.40 3.28 2.90 3.04 2.59 1.77 1.87 2.35 2.19 2.61 2.98 3.32 4.37 4.65 6.714
P/S Ratio 0.68 0.76 0.76 0.97 0.94 1.00 0.91 0.66 0.57 0.54 0.49 0.42 0.40 0.43 0.32 0.38 0.38 0.52 0.72 0.69 0.083
P/B Ratio 0.24 0.26 0.26 0.30 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.19 0.17 0.17 0.21 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.21 0.26 0.29 0.227
P/FCF 0.76 0.92 1.20 1.44 112.46 -101.80 3.71 8.28 3.27 1.71 2.57 0.46 0.45 0.76 1.13 -1.07 -0.71 -0.99 -2.45 -26.37 -26.367
P/OCF 0.75 0.90 1.18 1.41 37.03 97.57 3.47 6.68 2.99 1.62 2.36 0.45 0.44 0.74 1.07 — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA 50.61 1.23 143680.11 476751.30 1017.06 1312.18 3.99 -1.76 -0.70 -1.06 -1.17 -1.53 -0.42 -0.04 -0.19 0.88 25.48 3.00 39.07 35.03 35.030
EV/Revenue 11.77 0.29 0.25 0.83 0.67 0.84 0.34 -0.48 -0.36 -0.76 -0.85 -0.96 -0.24 -0.02 -0.07 0.35 6.64 0.56 8.00 6.51 6.511
EV/EBIT 26.90 0.51 0.71 1.75 1.42 1.79 0.92 -1.10 -0.61 -1.08 -1.20 -1.57 -0.43 -0.04 -0.19 0.89 25.74 3.00 40.37 36.60 36.601
EV/FCF 13.20 0.35 0.40 1.24 80.12 -85.56 1.39 -6.09 -2.04 -2.38 -4.41 -1.05 -0.27 -0.03 -0.26 -1.00 -12.55 -1.05 -27.11 -248.04 -248.040
Earnings Yield 44.0% 40.0% 41.4% 32.0% 34.6% 32.5% 29.4% 30.5% 34.5% 32.9% 38.7% 56.5% 53.5% 42.5% 45.8% 38.3% 33.5% 30.1% 22.9% 21.5% 21.51%
FCF Yield 1.3% 1.1% 83.1% 69.5% 0.9% -1.0% 27.0% 12.1% 30.5% 58.5% 38.9% 2.2% 2.2% 1.3% 88.2% -93.7% -1.4% -1.0% -40.7% -3.8% -3.79%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.432
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 0.294
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 13.627
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 36.143
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 0.00%
Graham Number snapshot only $379.45
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.30 0.31 0.28 0.23 0.25 0.26 0.33 37474.97 0.32 67.09 0.39 0.41 0.27 0.18 0.06 0.02 0.04 — 0.06 — —
Quick Ratio 0.58 0.31 0.48 0.23 0.47 0.26 0.56 37474.97 0.32 67.09 0.52 0.41 0.42 0.18 0.09 0.02 0.04 — 0.06 — —
Debt/Equity 4.04 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 3.19 0.01 2.69 2.50 2.496
Net Debt/Equity 3.96 -0.16 -0.17 -0.04 -0.08 -0.05 -0.19 -0.42 -0.37 -0.54 -0.52 -0.55 -0.27 -0.22 -0.21 -0.01 3.19 0.01 2.64 2.47 2.471
Debt/Assets 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.45 0.43 0.435
Debt/EBITDA 48.59 0.12 14993.00 29800.50 76.24 73.08 0.58 0.21 0.13 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.06 0.09 0.09 24.04 0.18 36.25 31.62 31.624
Net Debt/EBITDA 47.69 -2.01 -290461.50 -78422.00 -410.61 -249.03 -6.61 -4.15 -1.84 -1.82 -1.85 -2.20 -1.12 -0.94 -1.00 -0.06 24.04 0.18 35.54 31.31 31.306
Interest Coverage — — — — — — — 30142.10 27875.97 36986.29 5472.76 5556.91 3259.61 3186.31 672.51 637.90 509.34 306.08 1.13 0.63 0.628
Equity Multiplier 7.64 7.45 7.25 6.68 6.81 6.85 6.78 7.69 7.51 7.42 7.11 7.05 7.73 7.54 6.91 6.75 6.63 6.28 6.01 5.74 5.740
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 0.656
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.010
FCF to Debt snapshot only -0.004
Defensive Interval snapshot only 129.3 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.075
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 4.20 35.81 3.21 41.82 — 48.80 — 120.21 2.41 159.18 3.42 — 1.72 — 3.84 55.42 5.60 — 12.71 59.40 59.400
Payables Turnover 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.03 0.18 0.20 0.11 0.39 0.386
DSO 87 10 114 9 0 7 0 3 152 2 107 0 212 0 95 7 65 0 29 6 6.1 days
DIO — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -400 0 -296 0 -265 0 0.0 days
DPO — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3737 12380 2038 1832 3279 946 945.9 days
Cash Conversion Cycle — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -4042 -12374 -2269 -1832 -3515 -940 -939.8 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 23.998
Cash Velocity snapshot only 16.889
Capital Intensity snapshot only 13.516
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 2.4% 0.9% 4.6% 3.2% 3.9% 7.0% 17.3% 25.8% 42.0% 52.9% 35.7% 35.2% 23.6% 29.6% 48.4% 27.2% 37.3% -0.7% -19.0% 7.2% 7.19%
Net Income 1.7% 1.3% 6.7% 2.0% 13.3% 15.1% 0.4% -18.4% -13.9% -16.4% -3.8% 58.3% 33.2% 33.1% 13.3% -21.2% -18.7% -14.4% -7.7% 9.6% 9.56%
EPS 2.3% 1.9% 7.1% 2.3% 13.5% 15.4% 0.5% -18.2% -13.8% -16.2% -3.5% 58.5% 33.5% 33.4% 13.4% -21.3% -18.7% -14.7% -7.6% 10.0% 9.98%
FCF 13.2% 417.2% 4.0% 3.3% -99.0% -1.0% -54.1% -85.1% 28.7% 50.3% 5.6% 14.5% 5.3% 1.3% 1.2% -1.5% -1.8% -1.9% -1.9% 92.1% 92.10%
EBITDA 3.3% 3.3% -100.0% -100.0% -99.7% -99.7% 57872.0% 198781.5% 1088.7% 1699.6% 10.4% 2.1% 39.0% -12.8% -19.4% -18.0% -37.0% -61.7% -57.7% -50.6% -50.61%
Op. Income 3.6% 0.5% 7.6% 4.8% 4.7% 9.8% -9.1% -23.3% -16.5% -18.1% -4.0% 42.8% 22.4% 16.1% -0.2% -28.8% -58.9% -17.5% -8.2% 12.6% 12.58%
OCF Growth snapshot only 99.01%
Asset Growth snapshot only 2.00%
Equity Growth snapshot only 19.87%
Debt Growth snapshot only 171.09%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.38%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -1.00%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y -4.1% -5.3% -5.1% -4.4% -3.6% -1.5% 5.1% 8.3% 14.8% 18.2% 18.6% 20.6% 22.2% 28.4% 33.2% 29.4% 34.1% 25.3% 17.7% 22.6% 22.63%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — 32.2% 18.2% 9.4% 5.4% 6.8% 6.3% 8.3% 9.5% 13.6% 18.5% 16.9% 20.7% 16.3% 14.9% 19.1% 19.08%
EPS 3Y 2.2% -0.3% -1.2% -0.4% 3.0% 4.6% 5.5% -4.1% 0.1% -0.5% 1.3% 9.9% 9.3% 8.9% 3.2% 0.7% -2.2% -1.6% 0.4% 11.1% 11.12%
EPS 5Y — — — — — 44.4% 24.1% 6.2% 0.9% -0.9% -1.3% 5.1% 4.7% 5.1% 5.1% 1.9% 1.7% 2.3% 1.7% 2.8% 2.82%
Net Income 3Y 2.3% -1.0% -1.9% -0.8% 2.5% 4.2% 5.2% -4.4% -0.3% -0.8% 1.0% 9.6% 9.1% 8.6% 3.1% 0.6% -2.3% -1.6% 0.2% 11.0% 10.98%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — 44.5% 24.2% 6.1% 0.9% -1.4% -1.9% 4.7% 4.3% 4.7% 4.9% 1.7% 1.5% 2.1% 1.5% 2.6% 2.62%
EBITDA 3Y — 63.4% -97.4% -97.4% -81.4% -76.6% — — 49.0% 72.8% 37.4% 34.0% 64.5% 63.3% 80.0% 78.4% 8.8% 7.3% 57.1% 7.6% 7.56%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — 85.2% 62.0% 59.5% 57.5% 80.2% — — 23.7% 11.5% -2.4% -0.5% -0.51%
Gross Profit 3Y -4.1% -5.3% -5.1% -4.4% -3.6% -1.5% 5.1% 8.3% 14.8% 18.2% 18.6% 20.6% 22.2% 28.4% 18.2% 25.0% 19.8% 8.9% 9.7% -4.1% -4.13%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — 32.2% 18.2% 9.4% 5.4% 6.8% 6.3% 8.3% 9.5% 13.6% 10.3% 14.6% 12.9% 6.9% 10.1% 2.7% 2.73%
Op. Income 3Y -30.2% -31.9% -31.1% -31.7% -32.2% -26.9% -22.7% -19.5% -3.2% -3.3% -2.1% 4.7% 2.3% 1.5% -4.5% -8.0% -25.1% -7.8% -4.2% 4.6% 4.63%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — 8.3% -7.6% -18.1% -21.6% -22.2% -22.2% -19.0% -20.5% -18.0% -15.0% -11.9% -14.5% -2.8% -3.0% -1.6% -1.65%
FCF 3Y 2.7% 1.3% 67.0% 1.1% -16.3% — — -5.7% 60.0% 5.4% 34.4% 1.2% 21.9% 13.3% 1.7% — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — 79.0% 44.1% 72.0% 48.9% 17.7% 83.4% 1.6% 45.0% — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y 2.4% 1.2% 65.3% 1.0% 3.6% -61.9% 5.7% -2.4% 53.7% 2.2% 33.4% 1.1% 22.3% 14.0% 2.8% — — — — — —
OCF 5Y — — — — — -7.9% 78.4% 45.1% 66.1% 47.9% 18.5% 80.4% 1.3% 44.1% 2.7% — — — — — —
Assets 3Y 6.9% 6.0% 4.3% 4.1% 5.6% 7.8% 10.6% 13.0% 12.5% 14.6% 13.1% 14.6% 15.6% 15.3% 13.0% 12.1% 11.8% 10.3% 9.4% 5.7% 5.69%
Assets 5Y — — — — — 8.6% 9.0% 9.9% 9.8% 10.2% 9.5% 9.2% 10.8% 11.3% 11.3% 10.8% 10.7% 10.7% 9.3% 9.5% 9.52%
Equity 3Y 10.6% 10.6% 11.6% 14.8% 13.9% 14.0% 14.7% 12.8% 13.4% 14.6% 16.8% 16.8% 15.2% 14.9% 14.8% 11.7% 12.8% 13.6% 13.9% 16.5% 16.49%
Book Value 3Y 10.5% 11.4% 12.4% 15.3% 14.4% 14.5% 15.1% 13.2% 13.8% 15.0% 17.1% 17.1% 15.4% 15.1% 15.0% 11.8% 12.9% 13.6% 14.1% 16.6% 16.63%
Dividend 3Y -51.4% -51.0% -21.2% -21.5% 1.6% 1.5% -35.0% 34.3% 68.2% 68.2% 98.8% -1.1% -1.1% 27.1% 32.3% 33.2% 33.3% -16.5% -16.4% — —
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.66 0.87 0.61 0.53 0.29 0.61 0.82 0.80 0.22 0.23 0.30 0.42 0.53 0.62 0.70 0.80 0.84 0.86 0.74 0.95 0.950
Earnings Stability 0.12 0.46 0.43 0.46 0.52 0.51 0.41 0.12 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.33 0.36 0.75 0.16 0.22 0.28 0.38 0.17 0.166
Margin Stability 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.86 0.96 0.86 0.84 0.84 0.74 0.741
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.99 0.99 0.97 0.99 0.95 0.94 1.00 0.93 0.94 0.93 0.98 0.50 0.87 0.87 0.95 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.97 0.96 0.962
Earnings Smoothness 0.98 0.99 0.94 0.98 0.87 0.86 1.00 0.80 0.85 0.82 0.96 0.55 0.72 0.72 0.88 0.76 0.79 0.84 0.92 0.91 0.909
ROE Trend -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.018
Gross Margin Trend 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.30 -0.10 -0.29 -0.34 -0.04 -0.47 -0.474
FCF Margin Trend 0.85 0.74 0.57 0.53 -0.47 -0.42 -0.13 -0.34 -0.28 -0.09 -0.25 0.54 0.79 0.41 0.06 -0.85 -1.06 -0.97 -0.53 -0.30 -0.304
Sustainable Growth Rate 11.0% 10.8% 11.1% 10.2% 10.7% 10.7% 9.6% 6.9% 7.5% 7.2% 7.4% 9.9% 9.2% 8.3% 7.1% 6.1% 5.8% 6.4% 6.0% 6.9% 6.89%
Internal Growth Rate 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.4% 1.0% 1.1% 1.0% 1.1% 1.4% 1.2% 1.1% 1.0% 0.9% 0.8% 0.9% 0.9% 1.1% 1.13%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 3.03 2.76 2.05 2.21 0.08 0.03 0.98 0.49 0.97 1.88 1.10 3.94 4.26 3.19 2.04 -2.34 -4.14 -3.33 -1.64 -0.02 -0.021
FCF/OCF 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.33 -0.96 0.94 0.81 0.91 0.95 0.92 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.95 1.05 1.02 1.01 1.09 8.32 8.324
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -0.176
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only -0.017
CapEx/Revenue 1.0% 1.1% 1.3% 1.2% 1.7% 2.0% 1.7% 1.9% 1.7% 1.8% 1.7% 1.5% 2.0% 1.7% 1.6% 1.6% 0.9% 0.5% 2.4% 2.3% 2.31%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 2.894
Accruals Ratio -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.00 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.01 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.011
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.285
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only -0.137
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.250
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.6% 0.6% 1.1% 0.9% 0.5% 0.4% 0.2% 2.5% 2.5% 2.4% 2.3% 2.8% 2.8% 4.8% 5.6% 5.6% 5.1% 2.3% 1.8% 0.0% 3.72%
Dividend/Share $0.24 $0.24 $0.49 $0.49 $0.25 $0.25 $0.13 $1.19 $1.19 $1.19 $1.05 $1.14 $1.14 $2.43 $2.43 $2.69 $2.70 $1.41 $1.41 $0.00 $2.69
Payout Ratio 1.5% 1.4% 2.7% 2.8% 1.3% 1.3% 0.7% 8.1% 7.3% 7.3% 6.0% 4.9% 5.3% 11.2% 12.2% 14.7% 15.3% 7.6% 7.7% 0.0% 0.00%
FCF Payout Ratio 0.5% 0.5% 1.4% 1.3% 51.9% — 0.8% 20.5% 8.2% 4.1% 6.0% 1.3% 1.3% 3.6% 6.3% — — — — — —
Total Payout Ratio 1.5% 1.4% 2.7% 2.8% 1.3% 1.3% 0.7% 8.1% 7.3% 7.3% 6.0% 4.9% 5.3% 11.2% 15.8% 19.3% 20.0% 12.1% 8.4% 0.0% 0.00%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 — —
Chowder Number -0.88 -0.88 -0.51 -0.51 0.04 0.04 -0.73 1.42 3.74 3.74 6.82 -0.01 -0.01 1.09 1.36 1.42 1.41 -0.40 -0.40 — —
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.6% 1.8% 1.6% 1.4% 0.2% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield -0.2% -0.2% -0.7% -0.5% -0.4% -0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.6% 1.8% 1.6% 1.4% 0.2% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Shareholder Return 0.4% 0.4% 0.5% 0.4% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 2.5% 2.5% 2.4% 2.3% 2.8% 2.8% 4.8% 7.2% 7.4% 6.7% 3.7% 1.9% 0.0% 0.00%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.64 0.66 0.65 0.65 0.69 0.69 0.72 0.69 0.71 0.71 0.72 0.77 0.78 0.80 0.82 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.84 0.84 0.839
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.07 0.82 1.37 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.66 0.48 0.36 0.37 0.50 0.49 0.49 0.46 0.43 0.57 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.997
EBIT Margin 0.44 0.56 0.35 0.48 0.47 0.47 0.37 0.44 0.58 0.70 0.71 0.61 0.55 0.47 0.38 0.40 0.26 0.19 0.20 0.18 0.178
Asset Turnover 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.075
Equity Multiplier 7.67 7.44 7.52 7.04 7.19 7.12 6.99 7.20 7.18 7.15 6.96 7.34 7.63 7.48 7.01 6.89 7.15 6.85 6.42 6.20 6.197
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $16.64 $16.83 $18.11 $17.92 $18.88 $19.42 $18.21 $14.66 $16.29 $16.27 $17.57 $23.24 $21.74 $21.71 $19.92 $18.29 $17.67 $18.53 $18.41 $20.12 $20.12
Book Value/Share $156.25 $160.94 $168.58 $189.08 $191.24 $196.98 $206.27 $200.50 $208.51 $221.11 $239.21 $246.80 $240.11 $245.63 $256.56 $264.37 $275.46 $288.96 $306.43 $318.12 $318.86
Tangible Book/Share $156.02 $160.71 $168.36 $188.85 $191.01 $196.98 $-19.47 $200.49 $208.51 $221.09 $239.21 $246.80 $240.11 $245.63 $256.56 $264.37 $275.46 $288.96 $306.43 $318.12 $318.12
Revenue/Share $55.81 $55.49 $57.69 $57.84 $58.07 $59.51 $67.77 $72.99 $82.63 $91.16 $92.22 $98.86 $102.35 $118.40 $136.97 $125.55 $140.48 $117.27 $111.13 $135.09 $77.05
FCF/Share $49.76 $45.88 $36.38 $38.89 $0.48 $-0.59 $16.70 $5.80 $14.44 $28.96 $17.68 $90.07 $90.62 $67.28 $38.40 $-44.71 $-74.34 $-62.25 $-32.79 $-3.55 $13.09
OCF/Share $50.34 $46.47 $37.10 $39.57 $1.47 $0.61 $17.83 $7.19 $15.80 $30.59 $19.27 $91.51 $92.67 $69.29 $40.55 $-42.76 $-73.10 $-61.69 $-30.15 $-0.43 $15.96
Cash/Share $11.67 $27.66 $30.80 $10.91 $18.60 $12.31 $41.98 $87.68 $81.89 $122.48 $128.35 $141.05 $71.16 $57.00 $58.55 $7.80 $0.00 $0.00 $16.19 $8.00 $8.00
EBITDA/Share $12.98 $12.98 $0.00 $0.00 $0.04 $0.04 $5.84 $20.11 $41.72 $65.14 $66.67 $61.85 $58.13 $56.93 $53.78 $50.64 $36.61 $21.75 $22.75 $25.11 $25.11
Debt/Share $630.88 $1.62 $1.51 $3.01 $2.91 $2.79 $3.38 $4.32 $5.25 $4.16 $4.90 $5.21 $5.86 $3.58 $4.91 $4.60 $880.05 $3.85 $824.73 $794.08 $794.08
Net Debt/Share $619.21 $-26.04 $-29.28 $-7.91 $-15.69 $-9.52 $-38.60 $-83.36 $-76.64 $-118.32 $-123.44 $-135.84 $-65.30 $-53.42 $-53.64 $-3.20 $880.05 $3.85 $808.53 $786.08 $786.08
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman-B Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.160
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 0.182
Piotroski F-Score 5 5 7 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 4 2 2 4 4 4
Beneish M-Score -3.53 -2.85 -3.32 -2.71 -2.36 -2.49 -1.95 -3.11 -1.86 -2.93 -2.44 -2.32 -2.74 -1.89 7.10 -3.11 -1.30 -3.00 -5.84 -0.61 -0.607
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.291
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 1.76%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-1499.06
EVA snapshot only $-1772188170.59
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BB
Credit Score 48.50 84.22 85.59 84.03 67.69 61.83 81.07 78.37 80.17 75.43 68.56 83.28 75.94 81.58 75.75 49.10 38.21 55.58 37.68 44.52 44.520
Credit Grade snapshot only 12
Credit Trend snapshot only -4.582
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 475.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 27
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 30

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