— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: EDN.BA (BUE) · $vol 0M

EDN NYSE

Empresa Distribuidora y Comercializadora Norte Sociedad Anónima
1W: -8.2% 1M: -14.4% 3M: -32.0% YTD: -41.8% 1Y: -10.6% 3Y: +55.5% 5Y: +161.2%
$17.34
-0.52 (-2.91%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±5.6%
$17 $18 $19 $20 $21
NYSE · Utilities · Regulated Electric · Tech Score Sell · Power 29 · $850.5M mcap · 8M float · 1.19% daily turnover · Short 54% of daily vol
Credit Risk of going bust: higher than 85% of companies Debt: 56.5% of company value Bonds: none of note held by US funds details ▾
If the stock fell to about $2.22 (down 87%), Empresa Distribuidora y Comercializadora Norte Sociedad Anónima would be worth roughly what it owes.
Total debt $1.10B against a stock market value of $850.5M.
Distance to default 2.15 (Merton model): prices to 2026-10-27, balance sheet 2026-06-30, debt counted $668.7M (short-term plus half of long-term), stock volatility 63.1%; Altman Z'' 2.62. A ranking and a back-test, not a forecast.
US fund filings (SEC N-PORT) show under $25M of this company's bonds, so there is no bond page. Its debt may be bank loans or privately placed. How these are computed.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 0Hold: 1Sell: 1Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A-
Oct 27, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
3
ROA
3
D/E
4
P/E
4
P/B
5
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. EDN receives an overall rating of A-. Strongest factors: D/E (4/5), P/E (4/5), P/B (5/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-12 B+ A-
2026-10-01 A- B+
2026-08-17 B A-
2026-08-14 A- B
2026-08-13 A A-
2026-05-22 A- A
2026-04-30 B+ A-
2026-04-01 A- B+
2026-03-23 A A-
2026-03-20 A- A

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade C
Profitability
26
Balance Sheet
69
Earnings Quality
65
Growth
53
Value
—
Momentum
63
Safety
—
Cash Flow
35

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.04
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-9.90
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB
Score: 59.3/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
50/100
OCF/NI: 0.73x
Accruals: 1.2%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. EDN scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. EDN's score of -2.04 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. EDN's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. EDN receives an estimated rating of BBB (score: 59.3/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). EDN's score of 50/100 is moderate — some divergence between reported earnings and underlying cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
5.06x
PEG
-0.42x
P/S
0.39x
P/B
0.46x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$91319.83
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 5.1x earnings, EDN trades at a deep value multiple. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $91319.83 per share, suggesting a potential 526543% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.800
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.547
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.171
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.585
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.542
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
11.1%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. EDN's ROE of 11.1% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.585), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
$50037.66
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with EDN's realized 0.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. EDN trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $50037.66, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 8.5x compares to the current market P/E of 5.1x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$17.32
Median 1Y
$16.53
5th Pctile
$5.76
95th Pctile
$47.70
Ann. Volatility
65.8%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees
4,576
-1.4% YoY
Revenue / Employee
$762,924,009
Rev: $3,491,140,264,000
Profit / Employee
$60,909,635
NI: $278,722,488,000
SGA / Employee
$97,739,142
Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE -67.3% -34.9% -62.1% -59.4% -68.1% -9.2% -82.5% -74.0% 73.8% 16.8% 83.2% 84.4% 46.3% 24.8% 21.4% 20.3% 13.2% 12.3% 14.7% 11.1% 11.15%
ROA -26.0% -12.1% -21.4% -18.1% -19.5% -2.9% -21.3% -18.0% 21.6% 5.9% 23.3% 24.1% 14.6% 9.3% 7.5% 7.3% 4.8% 4.7% 5.9% 4.4% 4.39%
ROIC -38.4% -5.3% -11.7% -38.0% -46.8% -8.2% -88.5% -96.1% -22.0% -8.4% -15.5% -6.3% -5.4% 2.1% 6.0% 2.3% 4.1% 4.5% 6.4% 7.5% 7.53%
ROCE -3.6% -3.0% -6.4% -18.7% -22.6% -5.0% -42.6% -45.8% 47.1% 12.1% 17.5% 24.6% 7.5% 11.7% 15.0% 14.9% 10.5% 13.3% 15.1% 10.5% 10.50%
Gross Margin 19.0% 8.3% 14.9% 2.3% 6.5% 0.5% 2.0% 4.2% 15.7% -8.8% 15.2% 27.1% 18.4% 16.5% 20.6% 18.2% 27.1% 24.3% 27.9% 20.3% 20.25%
Operating Margin 4.4% -10.4% -5.1% -20.3% -12.8% -16.3% -16.5% -18.0% 0.5% -37.5% -8.0% 10.1% 1.2% 2.4% 3.6% 1.6% 8.5% 5.3% 15.9% 5.8% 5.77%
Net Margin -2.1% -23.4% -9.3% -16.1% -12.8% -3.5% -14.3% -6.1% 55.0% 7.8% 26.4% 11.1% 20.6% 5.9% 5.6% 14.9% 5.5% 6.9% 13.9% 4.0% 4.03%
EBITDA Margin 14.0% -1.4% 2.5% -14.0% -0.4% -7.0% -8.9% -9.2% 1.4% -18.4% 0.9% 30.8% 48.0% 10.2% 20.9% 39.8% 20.5% 29.0% 36.4% 12.5% 12.53%
FCF Margin 2.3% 3.0% 2.9% 2.5% 1.5% 0.6% -0.7% -1.3% -1.3% -6.3% -6.4% -7.6% -9.2% -5.1% -1.0% -1.3% 7.1% 2.7% 0.5% 3.3% 3.27%
OCF Margin 9.4% 9.7% 8.7% 7.5% 6.7% 5.5% 3.6% 3.0% 3.8% 6.0% 7.0% 8.0% 9.1% 10.9% 12.0% 11.5% 9.5% 4.8% 4.0% 5.4% 5.44%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 24.89%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only -6.70%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 8.25%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 5.46%
Cash ROA snapshot only 2.64%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 5.87%
CROIC snapshot only 3.53%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 6.97%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 9.37%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 17.49%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 5.058
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.387
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.458
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Graham Number snapshot only $91319.83
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.56 0.43 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.93 0.65 0.79 0.76 0.82 0.89 0.85 0.99 1.04 1.07 1.19 1.46 1.456
Quick Ratio 0.53 0.40 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.83 0.60 0.67 0.63 0.69 0.75 0.71 0.82 0.86 0.91 1.00 1.28 1.276
Debt/Equity 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.16 0.10 0.18 0.18 0.14 0.17 0.26 0.24 0.29 0.32 0.27 0.29 0.40 0.53 0.45 0.62 0.617
Net Debt/Equity -0.10 -0.11 -0.12 -0.17 -0.14 -0.10 -0.09 -0.07 -0.06 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.16 0.17 0.15 0.16 0.155
Debt/Assets 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.10 0.12 0.16 0.20 0.19 0.24 0.240
Debt/EBITDA 1.13 2.14 1.13 -1.01 -0.90 -2.56 -0.36 -0.34 0.08 0.44 0.36 0.29 0.84 0.91 0.69 0.77 1.36 1.49 1.20 2.03 2.032
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.81 -1.67 -0.95 1.45 0.80 2.64 0.17 0.13 -0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.19 0.15 0.12 0.22 0.55 0.48 0.40 0.51 0.512
Interest Coverage -24.85 -32.62 -37.36 -108.67 -126.34 -165.47 -276.92 -334.87 662.32 402.33 338.91 6.32 3.99 4.28 3.41 4.12 1.85 2.25 2.67 2.05 2.053
Equity Multiplier 2.98 3.23 3.31 3.59 3.84 3.12 4.20 4.40 3.28 2.67 3.44 3.33 3.13 2.64 2.60 2.50 2.51 2.61 2.41 2.57 2.571
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.862
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 2.913
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.748
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.066
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1249.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.00 0.64 1.17 1.30 1.29 0.34 2.03 2.17 2.11 0.47 1.08 0.99 0.88 0.62 0.72 0.64 0.61 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.585
Inventory Turnover 69.71 40.68 88.72 93.48 96.27 24.53 140.83 126.67 107.18 35.13 35.99 25.84 22.43 19.11 15.54 13.38 12.31 11.37 10.90 11.37 11.373
Receivables Turnover 17.54 14.10 28.42 33.74 31.29 6.15 61.70 67.76 60.96 9.12 33.02 27.31 10.10 8.88 9.20 8.45 8.96 6.70 8.05 6.63 6.632
Payables Turnover 4.03 2.16 4.21 4.09 4.27 0.92 6.35 6.21 11.84 1.78 5.67 4.67 5.21 3.49 3.07 3.75 4.20 3.91 3.23 3.82 3.822
DSO 21 26 13 11 12 59 6 5 6 40 11 13 36 41 40 43 41 54 45 55 55.0 days
DIO 5 9 4 4 4 15 3 3 3 10 10 14 16 19 23 27 30 32 33 32 32.1 days
DPO 91 169 87 89 85 398 57 59 31 205 64 78 70 105 119 97 87 93 113 96 95.5 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -64 -134 -70 -75 -70 -324 -49 -50 -21 -154 -43 -51 -18 -44 -56 -27 -16 -7 -34 -8 -8.4 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 0.704
Operating Cycle snapshot only 87.1 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 2.705
Capital Intensity snapshot only 2.061
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 38.3% 60.5% 80.9% 1.0% 1.1% 1.9% 2.4% 2.5% 2.7% 1.4% 87.8% 57.5% 32.9% 47.5% 46.4% 32.4% 33.1% 27.7% 26.7% 40.4% 40.37%
Net Income -13.5% -55.7% -63.6% 0.4% -24.8% -30.8% -95.9% -1.1% 3.5% 4.5% 4.8% 5.6% 1.2% 77.4% -28.6% -37.8% -37.5% -32.5% 22.0% -8.1% -8.13%
EPS -13.5% -55.7% -63.6% 0.4% -24.7% -30.8% -95.9% -1.1% 3.5% 4.5% 4.8% 5.6% 1.2% 77.4% -28.6% -37.8% -37.5% -32.5% 22.1% -8.1% -8.06%
FCF -64.8% -12.3% -14.1% -8.6% 35.8% -44.1% -1.9% -2.8% -4.3% -27.1% -15.0% -8.4% -8.5% -20.0% 76.5% 78.0% 2.0% 1.7% 1.6% 4.6% 4.62%
EBITDA -2.5% 54.6% 2.9% -2.9% -3.0% -5.1% -7.8% -7.7% 29.9% 13.3% 8.4% 9.3% -25.6% 7.8% 26.0% -4.1% 52.3% 50.4% 47.3% 17.2% 17.16%
Op. Income -55.9% 71.5% 68.7% -9.6% -67.2% -10.4% -12.5% -4.4% -2.4% -1.7% -67.0% 45.3% 42.9% 1.2% 1.4% 1.5% 2.1% 2.0% 1.4% 4.5% 4.47%
OCF Growth snapshot only -33.66%
Asset Growth snapshot only 51.83%
Equity Growth snapshot only 47.65%
Debt Growth snapshot only 2.11%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.08%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 64.8% 58.1% 62.1% 69.7% 70.8% 90.6% 1.0% 1.1% 1.2% 1.2% 1.3% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 93.7% 87.9% 64.9% 51.6% 43.0% 43.05%
Revenue 5Y 79.3% 76.0% 75.8% 78.7% 79.1% 92.4% 96.8% 1.0% 1.0% 93.7% 93.7% 93.1% 90.1% 89.3% 86.1% 81.8% 81.4% 83.6% 84.7% 83.1% 83.06%
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — 1.4% 1.1% 1.6% 1.0% 90.2% 1.0% 85.7% — — — — — —
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — 1.4% 1.1% 1.6% 1.0% 90.2% 1.0% 85.7% — — — — — —
EBITDA 3Y 7.2% 14.2% 29.6% — — — — — 2.8% 3.3% 4.8% 4.1% 2.5% 2.8% 3.0% — — — — — —
EBITDA 5Y — — 74.7% — — — — — 1.3% 1.4% 1.6% 90.8% 64.6% 72.2% 76.4% 1.3% 1.3% 1.6% 2.3% 1.7% 1.73%
Gross Profit 3Y 30.6% 29.2% 43.2% 31.7% 22.7% 11.6% -4.0% 19.2% 64.3% 43.6% 84.9% 1.3% 1.3% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.7% 2.0% 2.5% 1.9% 1.94%
Gross Profit 5Y — 1.0% 71.5% 49.2% 36.1% 28.4% 15.9% 26.4% 50.8% 35.6% 60.2% 82.3% 82.4% 92.2% 88.9% 87.2% 92.1% 1.0% 1.1% 1.1% 1.06%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 65.9% 74.1% 96.8% 1.9% — — — —
FCF 3Y -40.7% -28.8% -21.2% -9.0% — 67.4% — — — — — — — — — — 2.2% 1.7% — — —
FCF 5Y 50.7% 70.7% — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 72.4% 58.9% 10.6% 65.3% 65.30%
OCF 3Y -11.9% -7.1% -2.8% 5.1% 41.7% 51.6% 39.7% 43.7% 40.4% 73.6% 82.1% 91.7% 1.2% 1.3% 1.3% 1.2% 1.1% 57.2% 57.6% 74.7% 74.65%
OCF 5Y 41.2% 48.8% 54.3% 57.3% 50.7% 58.2% 39.0% 22.2% 17.0% 27.8% 36.6% 46.8% 80.6% 89.0% 90.5% 88.6% 65.2% 51.3% 45.0% 54.8% 54.77%
Assets 3Y 74.4% 57.6% 45.7% 49.6% 53.6% 1.7% 66.2% 76.1% 86.7% 1.4% 1.4% 1.5% 1.5% 1.0% 1.5% 1.4% 1.3% 21.2% 1.2% 1.1% 1.11%
Assets 5Y 65.0% 89.5% 69.2% 73.3% 78.5% 1.1% 81.2% 87.5% 90.0% 94.4% 94.5% 98.4% 99.7% 89.6% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 91.6% 1.1% 1.1% 1.06%
Equity 3Y 2.1% 44.5% 34.0% 23.4% 24.2% 1.3% 30.5% 38.1% 63.3% 1.4% 1.2% 1.4% 1.5% 1.2% 1.7% 1.7% 1.7% 28.7% 1.6% 1.5% 1.52%
Book Value 3Y 2.1% 44.9% 34.3% 23.3% 24.1% 1.4% 30.5% 38.0% 63.2% 1.4% 1.2% 1.4% 1.5% 1.2% 1.7% 1.7% 1.7% 28.7% 1.6% 1.5% 1.52%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.93 0.92 0.89 0.84 0.81 0.69 0.63 0.63 0.61 0.70 0.75 0.78 0.79 0.84 0.87 0.91 0.92 0.95 0.97 0.98 0.982
Earnings Stability 0.35 0.53 0.55 0.65 0.70 0.80 0.79 0.85 0.12 0.18 0.22 0.25 0.52 0.58 0.46 0.47 0.65 0.72 0.65 0.52 0.520
Margin Stability 0.10 0.59 0.82 0.68 0.55 0.44 0.36 0.30 0.37 0.29 0.41 0.47 0.55 0.35 0.37 0.49 0.52 0.32 0.32 0.46 0.463
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.90 0.88 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.85 0.87 0.91 0.97 0.967
Earnings Smoothness — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.26 0.44 0.67 0.53 0.54 0.61 0.80 0.92 0.915
ROE Trend -0.76 -0.21 -0.46 -0.14 -0.22 0.23 -0.16 0.04 1.11 0.33 1.11 1.04 0.34 0.17 0.23 0.18 -0.29 -0.09 -0.20 -0.23 -0.233
Gross Margin Trend -0.03 -0.04 -0.03 -0.06 -0.08 -0.10 -0.11 -0.09 -0.04 -0.04 -0.00 0.09 0.09 0.16 0.16 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.08 0.081
FCF Margin Trend -0.01 -0.00 -0.02 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.05 -0.03 -0.08 -0.07 -0.08 -0.09 -0.02 0.03 0.03 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.08 0.077
Sustainable Growth Rate — — — — — — — — 73.8% 16.8% 83.2% 84.4% 46.3% 24.8% 21.4% 20.3% 13.2% 12.3% 14.7% 11.1% 11.15%
Internal Growth Rate — — — — — — — — 27.5% 6.2% 30.4% 31.7% 17.1% 10.3% 8.1% 7.9% 5.1% 4.9% 6.3% 4.6% 4.59%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income -0.36 -0.51 -0.48 -0.54 -0.44 -0.65 -0.34 -0.36 0.37 0.48 0.33 0.33 0.54 0.72 1.15 1.00 1.21 0.60 0.40 0.73 0.725
FCF/OCF 0.25 0.31 0.33 0.33 0.22 0.10 -0.21 -0.43 -0.34 -1.06 -0.91 -0.95 -1.02 -0.47 -0.09 -0.11 0.74 0.56 0.12 0.60 0.602
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.437
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.224
CapEx/Revenue 7.1% 6.7% 5.8% 5.0% 5.2% 4.9% 4.3% 4.3% 5.1% 12.3% 13.4% 15.6% 18.3% 16.0% 15.6% 15.4% 4.8% 4.3% 3.6% 2.2% 2.16%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.301
Accruals Ratio -0.35 -0.18 -0.32 -0.28 -0.28 -0.05 -0.29 -0.24 0.14 0.03 0.16 0.16 0.07 0.03 -0.01 -0.00 -0.01 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.012
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.074
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.514
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.500
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Payout Ratio — — — — — — — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
FCF Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — — — — — — — — — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Payout Ratio — — — — — — — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Div. Increase Streak — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 3.32 3.74 4.54 1.69 1.68 6.63 2.57 27.76 0.36 0.40 0.46 0.56 0.63 0.69 0.98 0.85 0.86 0.82 0.74 0.80 0.800
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 2.85 1.38 1.02 0.78 0.68 0.09 0.25 0.02 1.10 1.58 2.41 1.51 2.74 1.44 0.55 0.62 0.58 0.48 0.57 0.55 0.547
EBIT Margin -0.03 -0.04 -0.04 -0.11 -0.13 -0.15 -0.16 -0.17 0.26 0.20 0.19 0.29 0.10 0.15 0.19 0.22 0.16 0.20 0.24 0.17 0.171
Asset Turnover 1.00 0.64 1.17 1.30 1.29 0.34 2.03 2.17 2.11 0.47 1.08 0.99 0.88 0.62 0.72 0.64 0.61 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.585
Equity Multiplier 2.59 2.88 2.89 3.29 3.48 3.13 3.87 4.12 3.42 2.87 3.57 3.50 3.16 2.65 2.85 2.77 2.73 2.62 2.49 2.54 2.542
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $-1104.61 $-949.98 $-1085.54 $-1071.00 $-1377.63 $-1242.73 $-2126.54 $-2221.37 $3477.19 $4371.55 $8167.38 $10299.56 $7547.35 $7756.51 $5827.55 $6402.83 $4717.28 $5236.10 $7113.15 $5886.78 $5886.78
Book Value/Share $1664.04 $3279.94 $1890.46 $2069.95 $2382.47 $23831.44 $3267.17 $3934.50 $7040.47 $28154.40 $16359.03 $20475.42 $25569.21 $34420.37 $38190.12 $42608.87 $46079.97 $50750.38 $58300.55 $62960.71 $62911.24
Tangible Book/Share $1664.04 $3279.94 $1890.46 $2069.95 $2382.47 $23831.44 $3267.17 $3934.50 $7040.47 $28154.40 $16359.03 $20475.42 $25569.21 $34420.37 $38190.12 $42608.87 $46079.97 $50750.38 $58300.55 $62960.71 $62960.71
Revenue/Share $4242.47 $5051.66 $5932.98 $7695.83 $9064.32 $14643.58 $20221.99 $26814.81 $33982.64 $34872.77 $37966.86 $42232.27 $45166.12 $51426.36 $55583.83 $55906.16 $60132.56 $65661.16 $70470.47 $78536.06 $77191.58
FCF/Share $98.08 $151.33 $170.09 $190.32 $133.10 $84.53 $-151.10 $-342.36 $-439.03 $-2206.58 $-2416.82 $-3217.78 $-4169.59 $-2646.68 $-568.45 $-709.00 $4240.28 $1748.25 $327.50 $2571.23 $-5710.93
OCF/Share $399.43 $487.78 $516.31 $576.68 $607.25 $809.31 $724.88 $800.90 $1282.59 $2078.70 $2666.08 $3383.17 $4100.42 $5600.61 $6677.61 $6430.49 $5700.04 $3145.73 $2836.59 $4269.22 $2691.16
Cash/Share $410.78 $839.69 $492.07 $584.10 $708.68 $4698.99 $856.03 $961.96 $1371.12 $4563.94 $3872.01 $4043.13 $5778.95 $9077.91 $8505.44 $8849.72 $11072.74 $18181.85 $17589.58 $29034.39 $29011.58
EBITDA/Share $211.55 $220.40 $236.26 $-237.22 $-417.27 $-903.62 $-1603.29 $-2057.61 $12069.01 $11080.96 $11830.75 $16995.10 $8977.09 $11948.93 $14905.94 $16290.55 $13668.20 $17973.81 $21977.16 $19100.52 $19100.52
Debt/Share $239.64 $472.17 $267.83 $238.96 $373.54 $2315.95 $576.11 $692.48 $981.13 $4870.56 $4227.78 $4990.90 $7514.81 $10879.79 $10353.92 $12464.78 $18536.41 $26790.80 $26441.68 $38816.33 $38816.33
Net Debt/Share $-171.14 $-367.52 $-224.24 $-345.14 $-335.14 $-2383.04 $-279.92 $-269.48 $-389.99 $306.62 $355.78 $947.76 $1735.86 $1801.89 $1848.48 $3615.06 $7463.67 $8608.96 $8852.09 $9781.94 $9781.94
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 6 4 5 5 5 4 5 6 6 5 5 5 3 6 6 6 7 6 7 6 6
Beneish M-Score -3.73 -2.43 -3.32 -0.70 -1.76 9.78 2.52 -1.41 0.12 -3.31 -0.43 -0.65 -0.19 -2.16 -0.50 106.15 48.42 102.28 19.74 -2.04 -2.035
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -9.905
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 10.60%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-49894.03
EVA snapshot only $-78681935201.75
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB
Credit Score 58.03 57.48 62.06 63.46 60.23 44.54 45.14 43.76 74.11 71.28 70.62 64.12 61.36 61.16 61.74 62.21 60.10 58.53 58.46 59.31 59.305
Credit Grade snapshot only 9
Credit Trend snapshot only -2.907
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 275.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 75
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 71

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