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Also trades as: EDESY (OTC) · $vol 0M

ELD.AX ASX

Elders Limited
1W: -4.2% 1M: -2.1% 3M: +13.6% YTD: -14.4% 1Y: -17.1% 3Y: +15.7% 5Y: -31.1%
A$6.09 ($4.24)
-0.23 (-3.71%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±5.6%
A$5 A$6 A$6 A$6 A$7
ASX · Consumer Defensive · Agricultural Farm Products · Tech Score Neutral · Power 49 · A$1.3B mcap · 207M float · 0.489% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
2
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
2
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. ELD.AX receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROA (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: ROE (2/5), D/E (1/5), P/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B- B+
2026-09-14 B B-
2026-08-28 B- B
2026-08-21 B B-
2026-07-01 B+ B
2026-04-01 B B+
2026-03-06 B- B
2026-03-02 B B-
2026-01-03 B+ B

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 42 Grade B
Profitability
24
Balance Sheet
47
Earnings Quality
73
Growth
23
Value
82
Momentum
57
Safety
50
Cash Flow
41
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. ELD.AX scores highest in Value (82/100) and lowest in Growth (23/100). A grade of B indicates above-average fundamentals with room for improvement in select areas.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
2.33
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-1.93
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.59
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB-
Score: 53.0/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.78x
Accruals: -3.2%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. ELD.AX scores 2.33, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. ELD.AX scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. ELD.AX's score of -1.93 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. ELD.AX's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. ELD.AX receives an estimated rating of BBB- (score: 53.0/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). ELD.AX's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
22.04x
PEG
-0.73x
P/S
0.37x
P/B
1.03x
P/FCF
8.55x
P/OCF
6.90x
EV/EBITDA
7.00x
EV/Revenue
0.36x
EV/EBIT
10.19x
EV/FCF
13.65x
Earnings Yield
8.15%
FCF Yield
11.69%
Shareholder Yield
7.32%
Graham Number
$8.84
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 22.0x earnings, ELD.AX commands a growth premium. An earnings yield of 8.2% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $8.84 per share, suggesting a potential 45% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.709
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.734
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.035
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
2.290
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.847
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
11.9%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. ELD.AX's ROE of 11.9% is driven by Asset Turnover (2.290), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
$4.99
Price/Value
1.44x
Margin of Safety
-44.34%
Premium
44.34%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with ELD.AX's realized 0.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. ELD.AX trades at a 44% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $4.99, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 8.5x compares to the current market P/E of 22.0x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$6.11
Median 1Y
$5.92
5th Pctile
$3.32
95th Pctile
$10.58
Ann. Volatility
34.4%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE -1.3% 54.2% 79.6% 86.9% 63.1% 60.6% 48.2% 41.0% 40.1% 44.5% 43.0% 43.3% 41.0% 37.2% 32.2% 22.2% 17.2% 13.5% 9.8% 11.9% 11.89%
ROA -28.0% 6.6% 10.4% 16.1% 17.2% 17.2% 18.1% 13.7% 15.5% 17.3% 19.4% 16.6% 17.5% 14.5% 13.6% 8.3% 6.7% 5.4% 4.0% 4.2% 4.17%
ROIC 3.9% 24.5% 23.2% 23.7% 27.6% 23.4% 26.9% 19.0% 24.5% 26.5% 29.0% 26.2% 26.6% 20.2% 20.2% 14.2% 13.0% 12.0% 11.2% 9.7% 9.71%
ROCE -35.2% 58.8% 57.1% 56.2% 41.5% 39.4% 28.5% 18.3% 21.6% 25.3% 29.7% 35.0% 40.0% 40.2% 35.9% 27.4% 20.4% 16.2% 13.0% 12.4% 12.38%
Gross Margin 22.7% 17.8% 20.0% 22.2% 23.2% 23.3% 18.9% 21.7% 19.6% 21.5% 19.5% 21.1% 16.6% 18.1% 18.3% 20.7% 19.3% 22.4% 19.7% 22.1% 22.10%
Operating Margin 3.4% 2.1% 3.3% 5.4% 5.5% 4.2% 3.9% 5.4% 5.4% 6.2% 6.0% 8.3% 4.9% 4.6% 4.8% 2.3% 4.6% 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% 4.00%
Net Margin 2.5% 2.6% 3.3% 5.3% 5.5% 3.7% 4.5% 5.6% 6.1% 6.2% 5.6% 6.0% 3.7% 2.9% 3.1% 0.9% 1.9% 2.4% 0.9% 2.2% 2.23%
EBITDA Margin 3.6% 2.3% 3.5% 5.7% 5.9% 4.6% 4.1% 5.4% 6.8% 8.1% 7.4% 9.7% 7.0% 6.2% 6.2% 4.4% 5.1% 4.1% 4.5% 6.6% 6.60%
FCF Margin -0.7% -0.9% -0.1% -0.3% 0.3% 0.5% -0.0% 0.8% 3.1% 3.6% 5.8% 3.5% 3.7% 1.5% 3.1% 4.7% 2.7% 4.9% 2.5% 2.6% 2.62%
OCF Margin -0.1% -0.6% 0.3% 0.1% 0.7% 0.7% 1.0% 1.9% 4.1% 4.6% 6.1% 3.9% 4.3% 2.2% 4.2% 5.9% 3.9% 6.0% 3.2% 3.2% 3.24%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 23.26%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 30.66%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 8.67%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 15.07%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 9.71%
Cash ROA snapshot only 6.11%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 10.23%
CROIC snapshot only 8.25%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 3.08%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 2.57%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 16.63%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.05%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio -0.90 4.73 4.40 3.32 4.63 3.57 3.66 5.01 6.26 6.12 5.20 5.08 4.61 3.68 2.88 6.96 8.32 8.70 14.58 12.27 22.042
P/S Ratio 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.11 0.19 0.16 0.17 0.24 0.32 0.35 0.31 0.30 0.24 0.16 0.11 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.22 0.22 0.370
P/B Ratio 1.78 1.77 2.23 1.89 2.06 1.45 1.11 1.32 1.79 1.98 1.83 1.91 1.69 1.26 0.88 1.54 1.44 1.04 1.29 1.22 1.033
P/FCF -9.80 -7.46 -128.78 -41.40 65.29 34.98 -1003.12 28.96 10.34 9.48 5.31 8.72 6.49 11.25 3.62 4.13 6.89 3.73 8.88 8.55 8.552
P/OCF — — 33.02 103.00 27.92 21.84 16.98 12.53 7.82 7.48 4.99 7.85 5.64 7.44 2.69 3.31 4.81 3.07 6.92 6.90 6.899
EV/EBITDA -7.90 4.28 4.74 4.58 5.14 4.64 4.06 6.80 7.13 6.59 5.03 4.67 3.63 3.39 2.52 4.68 5.37 5.36 6.75 7.00 7.002
EV/Revenue 0.10 0.11 0.14 0.17 0.22 0.23 0.20 0.34 0.38 0.41 0.35 0.38 0.29 0.25 0.18 0.28 0.30 0.27 0.31 0.36 0.357
EV/EBIT -6.51 4.66 5.12 4.88 5.48 5.00 4.38 7.42 8.49 8.12 6.31 5.82 4.45 4.21 3.21 6.65 7.47 7.32 10.14 10.19 10.193
EV/FCF -13.84 -12.67 -186.03 -62.35 75.48 50.18 -1176.69 40.36 12.39 11.24 6.12 10.84 7.77 17.31 5.83 6.01 10.81 5.47 12.37 13.65 13.648
Earnings Yield -1.1% 21.2% 22.7% 30.1% 21.6% 28.0% 27.4% 20.0% 16.0% 16.3% 19.2% 19.7% 21.7% 27.2% 34.7% 14.4% 12.0% 11.5% 6.9% 8.2% 8.15%
FCF Yield -10.2% -13.4% -0.8% -2.4% 1.5% 2.9% -0.1% 3.5% 9.7% 10.5% 18.8% 11.5% 15.4% 8.9% 27.6% 24.2% 14.5% 26.8% 11.3% 11.7% 11.69%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 4.903
EV/OCF snapshot only 11.010
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 1.716
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 8.554
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 7.32%
Graham Number snapshot only $8.84
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.14 1.09 1.11 1.04 1.10 1.07 1.33 1.31 1.24 1.24 1.26 1.28 1.33 1.20 1.29 1.12 1.28 1.39 1.31 1.25 1.250
Quick Ratio 0.78 0.87 0.76 0.70 0.78 0.71 0.97 0.93 0.85 0.80 0.85 0.77 0.80 0.68 0.75 0.69 0.87 0.89 0.88 0.86 0.859
Debt/Equity 0.96 1.24 1.12 0.97 0.56 0.64 0.21 0.62 0.43 0.41 0.34 0.48 0.35 0.70 0.56 0.75 0.87 0.52 0.55 0.80 0.796
Net Debt/Equity 0.73 1.23 0.99 0.96 0.32 0.63 0.19 0.52 0.35 0.37 0.28 0.46 0.33 0.68 0.54 0.71 0.82 0.49 0.51 0.73 0.725
Debt/Assets 0.21 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.17 0.22 0.10 0.24 0.19 0.17 0.15 0.19 0.15 0.26 0.23 0.27 0.31 0.23 0.22 0.28 0.275
Debt/EBITDA -3.03 1.77 1.64 1.56 1.20 1.42 0.64 2.30 1.43 1.14 0.81 0.94 0.64 1.22 1.00 1.56 2.06 1.83 2.07 2.87 2.869
Net Debt/EBITDA -2.31 1.76 1.46 1.54 0.69 1.40 0.60 1.92 1.18 1.03 0.67 0.91 0.60 1.19 0.95 1.47 1.95 1.71 1.91 2.61 2.615
Interest Coverage -1.17 3.04 6.86 — — 50.23 18.62 12.74 10.83 12.10 16.67 22.85 23.81 17.28 12.07 6.58 4.71 3.99 3.31 3.70 3.700
Equity Multiplier 4.68 5.23 4.96 4.20 3.26 2.95 2.07 2.65 2.32 2.39 2.32 2.58 2.36 2.70 2.41 2.78 2.77 2.30 2.45 2.89 2.889
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.052
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 5.386
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.089
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.179
Defensive Interval snapshot only 467.8 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 3.46 4.65 4.80 4.72 4.19 3.85 3.82 2.81 3.03 3.07 3.30 2.78 3.35 3.25 3.50 2.96 2.97 2.58 2.68 2.29 2.290
Inventory Turnover 13.54 18.62 15.51 17.11 13.88 14.21 14.06 10.67 11.86 10.54 13.20 9.31 11.27 9.89 12.02 9.37 10.40 8.04 9.59 8.84 8.838
Receivables Turnover 9.00 8.83 8.94 8.71 8.63 7.65 7.95 6.26 7.65 7.30 8.28 6.71 8.87 8.26 10.05 7.59 8.12 6.81 8.34 6.13 6.130
Payables Turnover 8.58 9.84 8.53 8.24 6.95 7.29 7.84 5.68 6.72 6.47 8.57 5.99 9.04 7.53 10.40 6.71 9.06 6.51 8.50 5.38 5.384
DSO 41 41 41 42 42 48 46 58 48 50 44 54 41 44 36 48 45 54 44 60 59.5 days
DIO 27 20 24 21 26 26 26 34 31 35 28 39 32 37 30 39 35 45 38 41 41.3 days
DPO 43 37 43 44 53 50 47 64 54 56 43 61 40 48 35 54 40 56 43 68 67.8 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 25 24 22 19 16 23 25 28 24 28 29 33 33 33 32 33 40 43 39 33 33.0 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 18.999
Operating Cycle snapshot only 100.8 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 77.203
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.531
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue -25.2% -19.8% -12.2% -3.4% 7.5% 1.1% 6.4% 12.0% 21.1% 39.3% 47.5% 56.7% 59.6% 58.9% 45.8% 26.0% 7.6% -5.2% -6.4% 2.5% 2.51%
Net Income 54.2% 1.1% 1.1% 1.2% 1.5% 2.2% 1.3% 59.9% 51.0% 76.3% 83.1% 92.2% 62.9% 26.0% -3.3% -41.0% -53.3% -55.4% -63.8% -33.1% -33.08%
EPS 82.8% 1.0% 1.1% 1.1% 1.7% 1.3% 1.2% 21.7% 19.1% 31.2% 46.7% 89.3% 62.2% 28.3% -3.0% -41.2% -54.3% -61.0% -70.4% -50.0% -49.97%
FCF 78.3% 74.2% 97.5% 86.8% 1.4% 1.5% 75.3% 4.4% 11.9% 10.2% 493.4% 5.5% 91.6% -36.2% -21.5% 71.0% -20.8% 2.2% -25.4% -43.1% -43.05%
EBITDA -1.9% 1.4% 1.5% 1.7% 4.5% 88.6% 82.3% 50.3% 52.2% 75.8% 1.1% 1.5% 1.4% 90.9% 49.4% -5.3% -25.5% -36.6% -41.0% -13.6% -13.61%
Op. Income -80.0% 2.1% 62.7% 3.6% 11.2% 1.4% 1.0% 52.9% 45.8% 59.7% 80.7% 1.2% 1.1% 75.5% 39.8% -18.3% -27.9% -34.7% -35.5% 0.1% 0.12%
OCF Growth snapshot only -43.37%
Asset Growth snapshot only 55.12%
Equity Growth snapshot only 49.46%
Debt Growth snapshot only 58.37%
Shares Change snapshot only 33.77%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -42.39%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y -14.3% -17.3% -12.9% -13.5% -10.2% -9.3% -7.8% -6.4% -0.9% 4.1% 11.3% 19.2% 27.6% 30.8% 31.8% 30.3% 27.7% 28.0% 26.3% 26.5% 26.51%
Revenue 5Y -7.2% -7.9% -9.0% -9.5% -8.6% -9.3% -8.1% -6.9% -3.9% -4.4% 0.7% 2.6% 6.9% 10.5% 11.0% 10.2% 10.8% 11.2% 13.5% 17.0% 16.98%
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 56.1% 45.9% 10.7% -4.1% -13.1% -25.0% -17.7% -17.70%
EPS 5Y — — -31.8% -32.6% -38.6% -40.4% -36.4% -36.3% — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 92.3% 60.0% 22.0% 4.7% -0.3% -13.8% -8.8% -8.77%
Net Income 5Y — — 13.8% 12.1% 2.3% -1.4% 5.2% 9.5% — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — 66.2% — — — — 85.0% 77.9% 53.3% 38.9% 28.6% 22.1% 27.5% 27.47%
EBITDA 5Y — -22.0% -22.8% -20.1% -16.0% -13.7% -11.0% -9.3% — — — — — — — — 51.8% — — — —
Gross Profit 3Y -22.5% -26.6% -20.5% -17.5% -7.5% 7.1% 8.9% 11.3% 11.6% 12.4% 16.8% 21.2% 26.0% 28.9% 28.8% 25.5% 24.3% 23.9% 23.8% 24.9% 24.95%
Gross Profit 5Y -9.5% -11.5% -12.7% -12.7% -12.3% -12.1% -11.4% -10.4% -9.0% -10.2% -3.9% -0.3% 7.5% 18.0% 18.7% 18.1% 17.1% 16.0% 16.8% 18.6% 18.59%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — — — — 52.7% — 81.3% — 2.3% 87.9% 72.4% 39.4% 29.6% 22.3% 17.7% 21.1% 21.07%
Op. Income 5Y 68.8% -2.3% -1.1% 4.5% 15.0% 21.9% 57.1% — — — — — — — — — 39.6% — 40.0% — —
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7% 1.8% — 84.7% 84.73%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.2% 3.9% 1.3% 1.6% 84.3% 50.1% 50.08%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Assets 3Y -45.5% -44.7% -43.1% -29.1% -23.8% -17.2% -15.6% 2.5% 11.7% 36.4% 43.9% 60.6% 54.1% 58.7% 48.8% 45.8% 35.8% 37.7% 37.6% 30.2% 30.22%
Assets 5Y -25.7% -27.9% -26.7% -26.0% -22.7% -20.9% -20.0% -13.8% -14.6% -12.8% -12.1% 0.4% -0.7% 6.4% 4.2% 8.9% 15.8% 29.8% 34.4% 47.5% 47.45%
Equity 3Y -54.0% -55.0% -52.8% -43.8% -34.2% -18.6% -6.5% 4.1% 40.3% 1.6% 1.8% 1.5% 93.6% 97.8% 89.3% 67.2% 43.4% 49.6% 30.0% 26.5% 26.50%
Book Value 3Y -81.4% -77.9% -64.0% -57.0% -49.6% -36.8% -28.9% -26.0% -0.1% 82.5% 97.7% 72.6% 90.8% 60.6% 72.6% 51.7% 31.3% 30.5% 13.1% 14.1% 14.11%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — 68.4% -6.6% -14.0% -13.3% -11.5% 38.1% 13.5% 14.8% 4.2% -7.5% -20.5% -21.4% -17.3% -17.30%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.50 0.57 0.92 0.89 0.90 0.96 0.90 0.76 0.42 0.34 0.01 0.01 0.18 0.33 0.40 0.46 0.60 0.63 0.75 0.87 0.874
Earnings Stability 0.42 0.11 0.09 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.13 0.48 0.73 0.84 0.90 0.95 0.86 0.83 0.75 0.73 0.55 0.48 0.43 0.432
Margin Stability 0.77 0.71 0.75 0.77 0.80 0.75 0.76 0.76 0.78 0.80 0.86 0.93 0.96 0.83 0.82 0.81 0.86 0.89 0.92 0.94 0.936
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.90 0.99 0.84 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.87 0.868
Earnings Smoothness — — — — — 0.00 0.21 0.54 0.59 0.45 0.41 0.37 0.52 0.77 0.97 0.48 0.27 0.23 0.06 0.60 0.604
ROE Trend -0.62 7.63 8.66 5.50 2.49 6.96 7.76 4.49 1.06 -0.07 -0.05 -0.04 -0.00 -0.02 -0.02 -0.10 -0.15 -0.21 -0.24 -0.20 -0.200
Gross Margin Trend 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.00 -0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.015
FCF Margin Trend 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.02 -0.01 0.00 0.03 -0.01 0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.015
Sustainable Growth Rate — 54.2% 79.6% 83.9% 53.3% 47.0% 35.6% 29.0% 30.8% 34.2% 31.4% 30.1% 25.0% 18.7% 14.2% 4.9% 2.4% 2.1% -1.4% 1.2% 1.22%
Internal Growth Rate — 7.0% 11.7% 18.4% 17.0% 15.3% 15.4% 10.7% 13.5% 15.4% 16.5% 13.1% 11.9% 7.9% 6.4% 1.9% 0.9% 0.8% — 0.4% 0.43%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.01 -0.41 0.13 0.03 0.17 0.16 0.22 0.40 0.80 0.82 1.04 0.65 0.82 0.49 1.07 2.10 1.73 2.83 2.11 1.78 1.778
FCF/OCF 6.69 1.56 -0.26 -2.49 0.43 0.62 -0.02 0.43 0.76 0.79 0.94 0.90 0.87 0.66 0.74 0.80 0.70 0.82 0.78 0.81 0.807
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.435
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.636
CapEx/Revenue 0.6% 0.3% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 1.0% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 0.4% 0.4% 0.6% 0.7% 1.1% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 0.7% 0.6% 0.63%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.393
Accruals Ratio -0.28 0.09 0.09 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.08 0.03 0.03 -0.01 0.06 0.03 0.07 -0.01 -0.09 -0.05 -0.10 -0.04 -0.03 -0.032
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.053
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.432
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 3.3% 6.3% 7.2% 5.8% 3.7% 3.8% 5.2% 6.0% 8.5% 13.5% 19.3% 11.2% 10.4% 9.7% 7.8% 7.3% 5.89%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.03 $0.16 $0.25 $0.31 $0.31 $0.29 $0.34 $0.47 $0.61 $0.78 $0.93 $0.94 $0.91 $0.79 $0.62 $0.57 $0.53 $0.36
Payout Ratio — 0.0% 0.0% 3.5% 15.5% 22.6% 26.2% 29.2% 23.2% 23.0% 27.0% 30.4% 39.1% 49.9% 55.8% 78.0% 86.2% 84.7% 1.1% 89.8% 89.78%
FCF Payout Ratio — — — — 2.2% 2.2% — 1.7% 38.3% 35.6% 27.5% 52.2% 54.9% 1.5% 70.0% 46.2% 71.4% 36.4% 69.3% 62.6% 62.58%
Total Payout Ratio — 73.3% 47.0% 74.6% 72.3% 63.6% 62.5% 36.7% 29.5% 23.0% 27.0% 32.8% 42.2% 55.3% 63.6% 85.5% 94.2% 88.9% 1.1% 89.9% 89.87%
Div. Increase Streak — — — 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — 12.38 1.29 0.84 0.94 1.06 1.83 1.87 1.19 0.63 0.13 -0.15 -0.18 -0.16 -0.156
Buyback Yield 0.1% 15.5% 10.7% 21.4% 12.3% 11.5% 10.0% 1.5% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.5% 0.7% 1.5% 2.7% 1.1% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.01%
Net Buyback Yield -2.3% 12.9% 8.9% 21.4% 12.3% 4.5% -20.5% -18.9% -12.8% -9.3% 0.0% -0.5% -10.5% -15.4% -24.3% -13.8% -2.7% -18.5% -17.1% -15.8% -15.80%
Total Shareholder Return -2.3% 12.9% 8.9% 22.5% 15.6% 10.8% -13.3% -13.1% -9.1% -5.5% 5.2% 5.5% -2.0% -1.8% -4.9% -2.6% 7.7% -8.7% -9.3% -8.5% -8.48%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 2.50 1.18 1.24 1.15 1.07 1.00 1.05 1.13 1.23 1.22 1.12 0.96 0.84 0.79 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.77 0.68 0.71 0.709
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 2.05 0.49 0.65 0.85 0.95 0.98 0.97 0.94 0.92 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.96 0.94 0.92 0.87 0.76 0.75 0.73 0.73 0.734
EBIT Margin -0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.035
Asset Turnover 3.46 4.65 4.80 4.72 4.19 3.85 3.82 2.81 3.03 3.07 3.30 2.78 3.35 3.25 3.50 2.96 2.97 2.58 2.68 2.29 2.290
Equity Multiplier 4.63 8.26 7.62 5.40 3.67 3.53 2.66 3.00 2.60 2.57 2.22 2.61 2.34 2.56 2.36 2.68 2.56 2.48 2.43 2.85 2.847
Per Share
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $-1.56 $0.49 $0.54 $0.87 $1.03 $1.11 $1.18 $1.05 $1.23 $1.46 $1.74 $1.99 $2.00 $1.87 $1.69 $1.17 $0.91 $0.73 $0.50 $0.59 $0.59
Book Value/Share $0.79 $1.32 $1.07 $1.52 $2.32 $2.74 $3.91 $3.98 $4.31 $4.53 $4.94 $5.29 $5.46 $5.46 $5.51 $5.30 $5.26 $6.09 $5.65 $5.92 $5.93
Tangible Book/Share $0.75 $1.25 $1.02 $1.43 $1.59 $1.59 $2.58 $2.06 $2.34 $2.55 $2.82 $3.03 $3.13 $2.92 $2.90 $2.24 $1.89 $2.91 $2.73 $1.47 $1.47
Revenue/Share $19.25 $34.96 $24.95 $25.40 $25.24 $24.98 $25.02 $21.65 $24.11 $25.89 $29.58 $33.43 $38.31 $41.87 $43.24 $42.00 $40.35 $34.74 $33.12 $32.19 $16.94
FCF/Share $-0.14 $-0.31 $-0.02 $-0.07 $0.07 $0.11 $-0.00 $0.18 $0.75 $0.94 $1.70 $1.16 $1.42 $0.61 $1.34 $1.98 $1.10 $1.70 $0.82 $0.84 $0.65
OCF/Share $-0.02 $-0.20 $0.07 $0.03 $0.17 $0.18 $0.25 $0.42 $0.99 $1.20 $1.81 $1.29 $1.63 $0.93 $1.81 $2.47 $1.58 $2.07 $1.05 $1.04 $0.73
Cash/Share $0.18 $0.01 $0.13 $0.02 $0.55 $0.01 $0.06 $0.41 $0.33 $0.19 $0.31 $0.08 $0.11 $0.09 $0.14 $0.24 $0.25 $0.23 $0.24 $0.42 $0.42
EBITDA/Share $-0.25 $0.92 $0.73 $0.94 $1.08 $1.23 $1.25 $1.08 $1.29 $1.61 $2.07 $2.69 $3.04 $3.13 $3.11 $2.54 $2.22 $1.74 $1.50 $1.64 $1.64
Debt/Share $0.76 $1.63 $1.20 $1.47 $1.30 $1.74 $0.81 $2.48 $1.85 $1.84 $1.69 $2.54 $1.93 $3.81 $3.10 $3.98 $4.57 $3.19 $3.11 $4.71 $4.71
Net Debt/Share $0.58 $1.63 $1.06 $1.45 $0.75 $1.73 $0.75 $2.07 $1.52 $1.66 $1.38 $2.46 $1.82 $3.72 $2.96 $3.73 $4.32 $2.96 $2.86 $4.29 $4.29
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.326
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 1.185
Piotroski F-Score 6 4 6 6 6 5 5 4 4 5 6 5 6 5 6 4 5 6 6 5 5
Beneish M-Score -5.11 -2.09 -1.43 -1.01 -0.74 -0.83 -0.52 -1.22 -1.55 -1.64 -1.94 -1.79 -1.83 -1.74 -2.49 -2.92 -2.62 -2.93 -2.31 -1.93 -1.927
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.592
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 30.51%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-1.18
EVA snapshot only $-6317826.25
Credit
Metric Trend Q2'15 Q4'15 Q2'16 Q2'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB-
Credit Score 33.92 50.96 54.15 59.57 63.53 62.80 71.93 63.52 76.22 84.73 87.87 85.43 95.96 75.25 83.87 74.64 63.61 75.19 58.91 52.98 52.985
Credit Grade snapshot only 10
Credit Trend snapshot only -21.656
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 350.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 45
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 39

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