— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: EFN.TO (TSX) · $vol 19M · EFN-PA.TO (TSX) · $vol 0M

ELEEF OTC

Element Fleet Management Corp.
1W: -6.2% 1M: -16.8% 3M: -24.1% YTD: -39.6% 1Y: -39.3% 3Y: +14.7% 5Y: +67.4%
$15.79
+0.14 (+0.89%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±4.3%
$14 $15 $16 $16 $17
OTC · Industrials · Rental & Leasing Services · Tech Score Sell · Power 36 · $6.3B mcap · 395M float · 0.027% daily turnover · Short 52% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 1Buy: 5Hold: 0Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B-
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
4
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
2
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. ELEEF receives an overall rating of B-. Strongest factors: ROE (4/5), ROA (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), D/E (1/5), P/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-08-31 C+ B-
2026-07-01 B- C+
2026-04-30 C+ B-
2026-04-02 B C+
2026-04-01 C+ B
2026-03-20 B- C+
2026-03-16 C+ B-
2026-02-26 B C+
2026-02-17 None ADDED
2026-02-17 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 41 Grade C
Profitability
56
Balance Sheet
23
Earnings Quality
60
Growth
27
Value
56
Momentum
59
Safety
30
Cash Flow
80
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. ELEEF scores highest in Cash Flow (80/100) and lowest in Balance Sheet (23/100). A grade of C represents mixed fundamentals — strengths in some areas offset by weaknesses.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
1.53
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.79
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-7.03
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
B
Score: 29.8/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 4.43x
Accruals: -7.3%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. ELEEF scores 1.53, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. ELEEF scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. ELEEF's score of -2.79 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. ELEEF's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. ELEEF receives an estimated rating of B (score: 29.8/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). ELEEF's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
21.95x
PEG
-0.75x
P/S
2.64x
P/B
2.34x
P/FCF
7.23x
P/OCF
4.51x
EV/EBITDA
8.62x
EV/Revenue
6.21x
EV/EBIT
15.93x
EV/FCF
18.49x
Earnings Yield
5.00%
FCF Yield
13.82%
Shareholder Yield
6.66%
Graham Number
$14.98
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 21.9x earnings, ELEEF commands a growth premium. An earnings yield of 5.0% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $14.98 per share, 5% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.528
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.591
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.390
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.175
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
5.013
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
10.6%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. ELEEF's ROE of 10.6% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 5.01x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance. A tax burden ratio of 0.53 suggests the company retains less than 60% of pre-tax earnings after taxes.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
3.28%
Fair P/E
15.06x
Intrinsic Value
$15.68
Price/Value
1.33x
Margin of Safety
-32.72%
Premium
32.72%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with ELEEF's realized 3.3% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. ELEEF trades at a 33% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $15.68, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 15.1x compares to the current market P/E of 21.9x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$15.79
Median 1Y
$16.74
5th Pctile
$9.82
95th Pctile
$28.65
Ann. Volatility
34.3%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 9.4% 9.8% 9.9% 11.0% 11.4% 11.5% 11.5% 11.8% 12.1% 11.7% 13.5% 12.0% 9.9% 10.0% 15.1% 16.5% 15.4% 8.6% 10.8% 10.6% 10.65%
ROA 2.4% 2.5% 2.6% 2.9% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 2.9% 3.3% 2.5% 2.3% 2.3% 3.2% 3.0% 3.2% 1.8% 2.2% 2.1% 2.12%
ROIC 2.9% 3.0% 3.1% 3.3% 3.4% 3.3% 3.2% 3.1% 3.2% 4.8% 7.3% 6.7% 6.1% 4.9% 4.6% 3.3% 3.5% 2.0% 3.5% 3.9% 3.86%
ROCE 4.2% 4.8% 4.4% 4.8% 5.1% 5.4% 5.9% 6.3% 5.6% 5.8% 10.9% 8.8% 9.3% 8.0% 6.2% 4.3% 4.4% 4.1% 5.9% 6.9% 6.93%
Gross Margin 40.1% 38.8% 41.9% 43.8% 41.6% 38.2% 37.8% 36.7% 35.6% 66.6% 67.4% 37.1% 36.0% 35.9% 36.9% 37.7% 37.9% 18.5% 33.9% 34.0% 34.04%
Operating Margin 27.0% 25.5% 29.0% 31.6% 28.4% 25.1% 24.2% 25.4% 24.8% 42.1% 44.6% 72.6% 23.8% 22.5% 24.4% 25.1% 26.5% 32.6% 42.3% 41.3% 41.26%
Net Margin 20.6% 22.5% 21.2% 23.1% 20.5% 19.0% 18.5% 19.0% 19.0% 13.6% 18.2% 18.0% 17.6% 17.0% 18.8% 19.6% 20.8% -10.1% 19.5% 18.7% 18.67%
EBITDA Margin 66.2% 65.3% 62.0% 67.8% 68.4% 67.2% 67.0% 54.5% 47.6% 73.5% 75.3% 97.6% 50.7% 49.1% 53.4% 53.8% 55.6% 75.6% 79.3% 78.0% 77.99%
FCF Margin 1.5% 1.5% 1.0% 72.5% 52.0% 8.2% -26.0% -59.3% -67.5% -60.5% -58.1% -38.3% -12.1% -4.9% 8.3% 0.6% -16.5% -9.6% 8.0% 33.6% 33.57%
OCF Margin 1.6% 1.5% 1.1% 77.0% 55.9% 11.7% -22.6% -55.9% -63.7% -39.7% -27.7% -8.2% 19.2% 5.4% 8.3% 3.4% -13.8% -6.5% 18.9% 53.8% 53.82%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 14.18%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 12.96%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 2.63%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 2.52%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 3.71%
Cash ROA snapshot only 9.57%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 10.99%
CROIC snapshot only 6.86%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 18.88%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 23.02%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 7.39%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.07%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — 15.69 19.14 25.19 24.17 21.72 24.68 23.83 27.33 21.09 19.98 21.948
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — 2.72 3.25 4.15 4.26 3.87 4.51 4.56 3.29 2.61 2.43 2.642
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — 2.95 3.27 3.02 2.92 2.94 3.60 3.64 2.05 2.29 2.17 2.344
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — -4.68 -8.48 -34.26 -86.37 46.55 748.83 -27.67 -34.31 32.78 7.23 7.233
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — 21.58 79.21 46.56 132.81 — — 13.76 4.51 4.512
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — 8.64 10.24 11.42 13.20 13.24 16.77 16.34 14.76 9.67 8.62 8.616
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — 5.29 7.20 8.28 8.64 8.01 8.68 8.67 8.83 6.40 6.21 6.208
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — 12.73 14.55 15.66 17.99 22.39 36.00 34.93 31.04 18.89 15.93 15.935
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — -9.10 -18.81 -68.42 -175.23 96.19 1442.49 -52.68 -92.16 80.50 18.49 18.493
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — 6.4% 5.2% 4.0% 4.1% 4.6% 4.1% 4.2% 3.7% 4.7% 5.0% 5.00%
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — -21.4% -11.8% -2.9% -1.2% 2.1% 0.1% -3.6% -2.9% 3.1% 13.8% 13.82%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 5.760
EV/OCF snapshot only 11.535
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 19.994
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 17.436
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 6.66%
Graham Number snapshot only $14.98
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 8.27 6.70 7.08 5.06 4.69 4.74 5.36 5.43 5.23 6.43 7.92 7.64 7.04 6.11 7.05 6.73 6.29 4.05 -1554.01 -1179.03 -1179.031
Quick Ratio 8.27 -0.16 7.08 5.06 4.69 4.74 -0.09 -0.11 -0.11 6.43 7.92 7.64 7.04 6.11 7.05 6.73 6.29 4.05 -1554.01 -1179.03 -1179.031
Debt/Equity 2.43 2.38 2.34 2.45 2.39 2.45 2.48 2.62 2.67 2.08 3.14 4.14 3.04 3.05 3.32 3.39 3.35 3.64 3.58 3.57 3.572
Net Debt/Equity 2.40 2.36 2.33 2.43 2.37 2.43 2.45 2.60 2.64 2.06 2.79 3.98 3.01 3.00 3.13 3.34 3.29 3.45 3.34 3.38 3.383
Debt/Assets 0.65 0.63 0.63 0.64 0.62 0.63 0.64 0.65 0.65 0.49 0.69 0.68 0.67 0.67 0.69 0.68 0.67 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.710
Debt/EBITDA 8.94 8.06 7.46 7.30 7.01 6.92 6.76 7.15 7.48 5.27 4.72 5.86 5.75 6.80 7.23 8.19 7.90 9.76 6.16 5.54 5.539
Net Debt/EBITDA 8.83 8.02 7.43 7.24 6.97 6.87 6.66 7.10 7.41 5.21 4.19 5.62 5.70 6.69 6.83 8.07 7.76 9.27 5.73 5.25 5.246
Interest Coverage — — — — — — 791.27 435.97 399.37 439.02 611.11 951.06 960.12 819.43 1393.06 — — 5.09 3.14 2.44 2.444
Equity Multiplier 3.74 3.76 3.69 3.85 3.82 3.89 3.91 4.04 4.13 4.22 4.53 6.06 4.56 4.58 4.83 5.00 4.98 5.10 5.03 5.03 5.032
Cash Ratio snapshot only -72.944
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 4.520
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.053
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.084
Defensive Interval snapshot only 27759.8 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.15 0.18 0.17 0.175
Inventory Turnover — 0.11 — — — 0.28 0.26 0.27 0.29 — 0.25 0.20 0.18 — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover (trade) 0.51 2.74 0.26 0.28 0.54 2.82 0.63 0.68 3.31 0.62 2.83 0.65 2.68 0.45 2.27 0.65 2.74 0.37 2.08 1.84 1.838
Payables Turnover 2.21 1.87 2.06 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DSO (trade) 719 133 1394 1313 676 129 575 538 110 584 129 561 136 817 160 559 133 981 176 199 198.6 days
DIO 0 3416 0 0 0 1314 1386 1348 1265 0 1471 1784 1993 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 166 195 177 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 —
Cash Conversion Cycle (trade) 553 3354 1217 1313 676 1443 1962 1885 1376 584 1600 2346 2130 817 160 559 133 981 176 199 —
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 0.764
Cash Velocity snapshot only 4.730
Capital Intensity snapshot only 5.623
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue -8.8% -6.1% -2.4% 3.4% 10.1% 17.9% 25.0% 28.0% 31.0% 30.1% 12.3% -4.8% -16.4% -25.5% -12.3% 3.7% 11.7% 22.1% 15.2% 7.4% 7.36%
Net Income 2.7% 24.0% 16.8% 18.1% 18.7% 15.1% 19.3% 12.3% 13.3% 8.7% -3.5% -15.9% -27.1% -24.8% -9.8% 11.6% 29.8% -16.6% -20.2% -28.6% -28.56%
EPS 2.9% 35.0% 27.1% 27.0% 24.9% 19.1% 21.9% 14.7% 15.3% 8.6% -2.3% -12.5% -27.0% -24.8% -9.7% 8.4% 30.6% 15.7% 12.6% 3.3% 3.28%
FCF 5.7% -9.6% -46.6% -56.9% -62.8% -93.4% -1.3% -2.0% -2.7% -10.6% -1.5% 38.6% 85.0% 93.9% 1.1% 1.0% -52.0% -1.4% 10.1% 58.9% 58.87%
EBITDA 71.3% 37.2% 46.8% 32.3% 28.4% 28.0% 30.3% 25.1% 15.8% 18.3% 1.7% 4.8% 3.8% -19.3% -13.4% -23.6% -18.2% 11.6% 26.1% 49.4% 49.43%
Op. Income -0.2% 5.7% 4.5% 10.6% 18.2% 23.0% 24.4% 15.7% 13.4% 34.3% 36.8% 59.5% 47.2% -2.7% -11.2% -42.2% -37.0% -13.1% 9.0% 59.5% 59.54%
OCF Growth snapshot only 16.02%
Asset Growth snapshot only -3.36%
Equity Growth snapshot only -4.08%
Debt Growth snapshot only 1.05%
Shares Change snapshot only -30.83%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 54.82%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y -6.3% -2.0% -3.3% -3.0% -2.2% -1.0% 1.8% 5.7% 9.6% 12.9% 11.0% 8.0% 6.4% 4.5% 7.2% 8.1% 6.9% 5.8% 4.3% 2.0% 1.97%
Revenue 5Y 8.6% 10.0% 9.9% 9.6% 8.8% 2.5% 2.8% 3.1% 3.5% 7.6% 4.9% 2.2% 0.5% -1.2% 0.7% 3.1% 4.2% 5.6% 6.7% 7.0% 7.02%
EPS 3Y — — — — 19.9% 67.5% 69.2% 72.4% 77.5% 20.4% 14.8% 8.4% 1.7% -0.9% 2.5% 2.8% 3.2% -1.9% -0.2% -0.7% -0.71%
EPS 5Y -2.2% -4.2% -1.8% 3.8% 2.7% 20.1% 25.9% 19.5% — — — — 7.7% 30.9% 33.7% 37.2% 39.8% 8.7% 9.0% 7.4% 7.35%
Net Income 3Y — — — — 16.4% 61.3% 63.5% 67.9% 70.7% 15.8% 10.4% 3.7% -0.7% -2.0% 1.3% 1.8% 2.3% -12.0% -11.4% -12.5% -12.45%
Net Income 5Y -0.2% -2.9% -0.5% 5.0% 4.0% 21.5% 27.7% 21.0% — — — — 5.4% 27.9% 30.7% 34.8% 36.3% -0.6% -0.6% -2.3% -2.32%
EBITDA 3Y 1.1% 93.1% 59.4% 55.6% 13.7% 21.8% 26.9% 33.8% 36.6% 27.6% 24.9% 20.1% 15.6% 6.9% 4.7% 0.0% -0.6% 2.1% 3.5% 6.1% 6.15%
EBITDA 5Y 8.0% 14.2% 16.9% 17.1% 14.5% 17.2% 19.9% 19.4% 67.7% 61.3% 39.9% 37.6% 12.1% 11.5% 12.5% 13.9% 16.7% 13.4% 16.3% 14.6% 14.63%
Gross Profit 3Y 6.8% 7.0% 5.4% 6.2% 6.8% 6.4% 7.4% 9.0% 10.2% 19.8% 20.9% 17.5% 16.2% 6.6% 3.6% 3.9% 3.0% -2.2% -3.4% -5.1% -5.05%
Gross Profit 5Y -9.5% -8.4% -5.3% -1.4% 1.8% 5.0% 7.1% 8.8% 10.2% 15.8% 15.2% 12.6% 10.8% 3.7% 2.0% 4.0% 4.6% 2.8% 2.7% 1.8% 1.83%
Op. Income 3Y 25.3% 12.4% 8.0% 8.2% 5.7% 6.7% 7.0% 8.6% 10.2% 20.4% 21.1% 26.8% 25.4% 17.1% 14.7% 2.2% 1.7% 4.3% 9.8% 13.7% 13.72%
Op. Income 5Y -14.7% -13.5% -9.3% -1.6% 4.0% 15.6% 18.7% 17.6% 21.4% 18.6% 16.5% 18.5% 14.5% 9.7% 8.3% 3.4% 4.4% 8.1% 11.5% 13.5% 13.47%
FCF 3Y 1.3% — 3.3% 37.0% 49.8% -45.4% — — — — — — — — -54.0% -78.1% — — — — —
FCF 5Y — 42.7% 3.3% — 95.7% 1.2% — — — — — — — — -29.5% -61.3% — — -43.5% -23.0% -23.00%
OCF 3Y 1.2% — 2.0% 35.7% 44.3% -39.5% — — — — — — -47.5% -65.6% -54.7% -61.8% — — — — —
OCF 5Y — 38.4% 85.3% — 66.4% 30.6% — — — — — — 2.5% -37.1% -30.2% -45.7% — — -33.2% -16.0% -15.97%
Assets 3Y -9.2% -11.9% -11.5% -9.5% -8.5% -6.3% -6.1% -2.1% 1.3% 3.2% -11.2% -1.5% -1.2% -0.7% 0.9% 1.7% 0.9% 9.9% -3.3% -5.5% -5.47%
Assets 5Y -11.6% -6.8% -7.4% -6.9% -4.9% -4.0% -3.6% -3.0% -1.4% -2.8% -11.9% -6.2% -6.7% -6.1% -6.3% -3.9% -2.2% 4.9% -0.6% -0.1% -0.13%
Equity 3Y 0.5% -4.6% -4.3% -4.6% -3.5% -1.2% -0.8% 0.4% 2.0% 1.0% -16.2% -15.7% -7.5% -7.0% -7.8% -6.7% -7.6% 0.4% -11.2% -12.1% -12.11%
Book Value 3Y -3.8% -3.4% -3.1% -2.0% -0.5% 2.7% 2.6% 3.1% 6.0% 5.1% -12.9% -11.8% -5.3% -6.0% -6.7% -5.7% -6.8% 12.0% 0.1% -0.3% -0.32%
Dividend 3Y 2.7% 13.5% 10.4% 10.5% 8.0% 5.9% 6.0% 5.9% 8.7% 10.1% 7.2% 4.7% -0.8% -5.6% -4.4% -2.9% -1.1% 12.2% 13.9% 16.0% 16.03%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.29 0.44 0.39 0.41 0.41 0.03 0.04 0.08 0.10 0.49 0.45 0.31 0.16 0.07 0.22 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.67 0.79 0.788
Earnings Stability 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.09 0.19 0.57 0.67 0.60 0.75 0.85 0.83 0.75 0.41 0.55 0.60 0.56 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.036
Margin Stability 0.36 0.40 0.52 0.65 0.76 0.92 0.91 0.87 0.84 0.87 0.83 0.82 0.82 0.89 0.85 0.84 0.84 0.88 0.83 0.81 0.813
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.90 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.92 0.95 0.95 0.97 0.99 0.94 0.89 0.90 0.96 0.95 0.88 0.93 0.92 0.89 0.886
Earnings Smoothness 0.00 0.79 0.85 0.83 0.83 0.86 0.82 0.88 0.88 0.92 0.96 0.83 0.69 0.72 0.90 0.89 0.74 0.82 0.78 0.67 0.667
ROE Trend 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.06 0.01 0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.05 -0.050
Gross Margin Trend 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.01 -0.02 -0.04 0.04 0.10 0.11 0.13 -0.00 -0.09 -0.08 -0.07 -0.11 -0.11 -0.13 -0.129
FCF Margin Trend 0.80 0.46 -0.16 -0.55 -0.91 -1.41 -1.74 -1.83 -1.70 -1.38 -0.98 -0.45 -0.04 0.21 0.50 0.49 0.23 0.23 0.33 0.52 0.524
Sustainable Growth Rate 5.8% 5.9% 5.8% 6.8% 7.1% 7.2% 7.2% 7.3% 7.5% 7.0% 7.8% 6.6% 5.2% 5.6% 9.1% 10.6% 10.2% 4.0% 5.3% 4.9% 4.90%
Internal Growth Rate 1.5% 1.5% 1.6% 1.8% 1.9% 1.9% 1.9% 1.9% 1.9% 1.8% 1.9% 1.4% 1.2% 1.3% 2.0% 2.0% 2.2% 0.8% 1.1% 1.0% 0.99%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 7.92 7.06 5.20 3.52 2.56 0.56 -1.12 -2.91 -3.38 -2.27 -1.60 -0.49 1.17 0.31 0.47 0.19 -0.72 -0.54 1.53 4.43 4.429
FCF/OCF 0.96 0.97 0.96 0.94 0.93 0.70 1.15 1.06 1.06 1.52 2.10 4.65 -0.63 -0.92 1.00 0.18 1.20 1.48 0.42 0.62 0.624
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 2.763
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.747
CapEx/Revenue 6.7% 5.2% 4.9% 4.5% 4.0% 3.5% 3.3% 3.5% 3.7% 20.8% 30.4% 32.9% 34.4% 13.5% 3.0% 2.8% 2.7% 3.1% 11.0% 20.2% 20.25%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.612
Accruals Ratio -0.16 -0.15 -0.11 -0.07 -0.05 0.01 0.06 0.12 0.13 0.09 0.09 0.04 -0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.03 -0.01 -0.07 -0.073
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.032
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.007
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — 2.7% 2.4% 1.9% 1.8% 1.8% 1.5% 1.4% 2.0% 2.4% 2.7% 2.58%
Dividend/Share $0.30 $0.34 $0.35 $0.36 $0.37 $0.38 $0.39 $0.40 $0.42 $0.45 $0.43 $0.42 $0.39 $0.36 $0.36 $0.36 $0.37 $0.51 $0.53 $0.56 $0.41
Payout Ratio 38.5% 40.3% 41.3% 38.8% 37.3% 37.1% 37.3% 37.9% 37.6% 40.4% 42.3% 45.3% 46.9% 43.8% 39.6% 36.0% 34.1% 53.5% 51.2% 54.0% 54.00%
FCF Payout Ratio 5.1% 5.9% 8.3% 11.7% 15.7% 94.5% — — — — — — — — 84.8% 10.9% — — 79.6% 19.5% 19.55%
Total Payout Ratio 1.5% 1.7% 1.8% 1.3% 1.1% 85.0% 68.9% 73.4% 59.4% 58.0% 58.5% 75.3% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 76.0% 55.1% 96.5% 97.5% 1.3% 1.33%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — 0.12 0.03 -0.07 -0.17 -0.14 -0.10 -0.04 0.04 0.06 0.10 0.098
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — 1.0% 1.6% 2.3% 2.4% 2.9% 1.6% 0.9% 1.6% 2.2% 4.0% 3.96%
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — 1.0% 1.5% 2.3% 2.4% 2.9% 1.6% 0.9% 1.6% 2.2% 3.9% 3.95%
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — 3.7% 3.9% 4.2% 4.2% 4.7% 3.1% 2.3% 3.5% 4.6% 6.6% 6.65%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.78 0.78 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.74 0.73 0.68 0.66 0.70 0.70 0.76 0.77 0.53 0.54 0.53 0.528
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.85 0.81 0.90 0.90 0.86 0.82 0.71 0.65 0.74 0.68 0.57 0.50 0.47 0.53 0.71 1.00 1.00 0.80 0.68 0.59 0.591
EBIT Margin 0.30 0.34 0.30 0.31 0.33 0.34 0.38 0.39 0.33 0.35 0.42 0.50 0.53 0.48 0.36 0.24 0.25 0.28 0.34 0.39 0.390
Asset Turnover 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.15 0.18 0.17 0.175
Equity Multiplier 3.98 3.87 3.75 3.83 3.78 3.83 3.81 3.96 3.98 4.06 4.13 4.75 4.30 4.37 4.70 5.46 4.77 4.88 4.93 5.01 5.013
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.78 $0.85 $0.85 $0.93 $0.98 $1.01 $1.03 $1.06 $1.13 $1.10 $1.01 $0.93 $0.82 $0.83 $0.91 $1.01 $1.08 $0.96 $1.03 $1.04 $1.04
Book Value/Share $8.08 $8.26 $8.30 $8.24 $8.71 $9.12 $9.43 $9.67 $9.79 $9.65 $5.37 $5.45 $6.87 $6.87 $6.74 $6.91 $7.05 $12.79 $9.45 $9.58 $6.74
Tangible Book/Share $3.36 $3.35 $3.46 $3.25 $3.42 $3.77 $4.17 $4.46 $4.49 $4.42 $2.47 $2.48 $2.95 $2.73 $2.63 $2.77 $2.94 $4.89 $3.61 $3.61 $3.61
Revenue/Share $3.87 $3.98 $4.01 $4.24 $4.49 $4.85 $5.13 $5.54 $5.98 $6.31 $5.82 $5.48 $5.01 $4.70 $5.11 $5.52 $5.63 $7.97 $8.30 $8.57 $6.00
FCF/Share $5.95 $5.81 $4.21 $3.07 $2.33 $0.40 $-1.33 $-3.29 $-4.04 $-3.82 $-3.38 $-2.10 $-0.61 $-0.23 $0.43 $0.03 $-0.93 $-0.76 $0.66 $2.88 $2.15
OCF/Share $6.21 $6.01 $4.41 $3.26 $2.51 $0.57 $-1.16 $-3.10 $-3.81 $-2.51 $-1.61 $-0.45 $0.96 $0.25 $0.43 $0.19 $-0.77 $-0.51 $1.57 $4.61 $3.39
Cash/Share $0.24 $0.11 $0.08 $0.17 $0.13 $0.17 $0.35 $0.18 $0.25 $0.24 $1.88 $0.90 $0.16 $0.32 $1.23 $0.36 $0.42 $2.37 $2.32 $1.81 $1.28
EBITDA/Share $2.19 $2.44 $2.60 $2.77 $2.96 $3.23 $3.46 $3.54 $3.49 $3.81 $3.57 $3.85 $3.63 $3.08 $3.09 $2.86 $2.99 $4.77 $5.49 $6.18 $6.18
Debt/Share $19.59 $19.64 $19.42 $20.22 $20.78 $22.34 $23.44 $25.30 $26.12 $20.12 $16.83 $22.57 $20.86 $20.92 $22.35 $23.41 $23.60 $46.54 $33.83 $34.21 $34.21
Net Debt/Share $19.35 $19.53 $19.34 $20.04 $20.64 $22.17 $23.08 $25.11 $25.87 $19.88 $14.95 $21.67 $20.70 $20.61 $21.11 $23.06 $23.18 $44.17 $31.51 $32.39 $32.39
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.533
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 5.192
Piotroski F-Score 7 7 8 8 8 6 4 5 5 6 6 5 6 3 4 5 5 2 5 5 5
Beneish M-Score -3.53 -3.42 -3.17 -2.90 -2.73 -2.35 -2.03 -1.68 -1.57 -1.81 -2.46 -2.40 -2.53 -2.13 -1.50 -2.08 -2.12 -1.34 -2.42 -2.79 -2.791
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -7.032
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 8.24%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-9.32
EVA snapshot only $-716841507.22
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only B
Credit Score 64.90 60.40 65.90 65.00 64.40 62.00 57.90 56.40 56.40 62.50 56.00 55.00 55.60 54.60 55.50 52.00 51.50 41.00 31.05 29.80 29.800
Credit Grade snapshot only 15
Credit Trend snapshot only -22.200
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 750.000

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