— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: ARZGY (OTC) · $vol 2M · ASG.DE (XETRA) · $vol 0M · ARZGF (OTC) · $vol 0M · GEN.BR (BRU) · $vol 0M

G.MI MIL

Assicurazioni Generali S.p.A.
1W: -5.2% 1M: -7.3% 3M: -2.4% YTD: +17.2% 1Y: +23.3% 3Y: +137.7% 5Y: +198.1%
€41.46 ($46.56)
-0.40 (-0.96%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.0%
€39 €40 €41 €43 €44
MIL · Financial Services · Insurance - Diversified · Tech Score Sell · Power 34 · €62.0B mcap · 773M float · 0.320% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
4
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
2
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. G.MI receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/B (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B B+
2026-04-20 B+ B
2026-04-07 None ADDED
2026-04-07 EXISTED None
2026-04-01 B B+
2026-03-16 B- B
2026-01-16 B B-
2026-01-03 B- B

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 39 Grade B
Profitability
39
Balance Sheet
45
Earnings Quality
81
Growth
4
Value
76
Momentum
41
Safety
50
Cash Flow
95
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. G.MI scores highest in Cash Flow (95/100) and lowest in Growth (4/100). A grade of B indicates above-average fundamentals with room for improvement in select areas.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman-I Score
2.42
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.63
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.81
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB+
Score: 61.1/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 6.59x
Accruals: -6.4%
The Altman-I Score is adapted for insurance companies, emphasizing return on equity, tangible net worth, and cash reserves alongside the standard equity and earnings components. G.MI scores 2.42, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 3.0, distress < 1.5). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. G.MI scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. G.MI's score of -2.63 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. G.MI's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. G.MI receives an estimated rating of BBB+ (score: 61.1/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). G.MI's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
13.87x
PEG
0.23x
P/S
0.89x
P/B
1.94x
P/FCF
1.81x
P/OCF
1.55x
EV/EBITDA
5.19x
EV/Revenue
0.94x
EV/EBIT
5.30x
EV/FCF
2.78x
Earnings Yield
9.80%
FCF Yield
55.30%
Shareholder Yield
8.31%
Graham Number
$44.80
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 13.9x earnings, G.MI trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 9.8% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $44.80 per share, suggesting a potential 8% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.546
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.620
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.176
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.191
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
17.970
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
20.5%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. G.MI's ROE of 20.5% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 17.97x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance. A tax burden ratio of 0.55 suggests the company retains less than 60% of pre-tax earnings after taxes.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
13.76%
Fair P/E
36.03x
Intrinsic Value
$150.49
Price/Value
0.28x
Margin of Safety
71.69%
Premium
-71.69%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with G.MI's realized 13.8% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. G.MI trades at a -72% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $150.49, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 36.0x compares to the current market P/E of 13.9x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$41.46
Median 1Y
$48.19
5th Pctile
$33.34
95th Pctile
$69.69
Ann. Volatility
21.8%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 17.1% 16.8% 17.3% 17.7% 17.9% 19.4% 18.0% 18.2% 17.1% 15.7% 16.6% 21.1% 18.3% 21.2% 20.7% 33.8% 26.1% 22.3% 22.3% 20.5% 20.48%
ROA 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.9% 0.9% 1.0% 1.1% 1.1% 1.5% 1.4% 1.2% 1.3% 1.1% 1.14%
ROIC -1.1% -1.5% -2.1% -2.5% -2.7% -2.1% -1.7% -1.7% -1.6% -1.7% -1.6% -1.6% -2.2% -3.7% -4.7% -10.4% 71.9% -24.2% 67.5% 50.2% 50.16%
ROCE 1.6% 1.0% 1.1% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.9% 0.9% 1.0% 1.1% 0.4% 0.5% 1.2% 1.8% 3.1% 3.2% 3.2% 3.20%
Gross Margin 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.6% 98.1% 34.7% 50.9% -73.3% 39.4% 1.0% 29.9% 29.93%
Operating Margin 2.9% 7.4% 6.6% 6.3% 6.6% 2.9% 2.9% 7.6% 4.5% 3.6% 2.7% 7.7% 10.6% 14.6% 6.8% 32.8% -96.8% 11.4% 8.4% 11.4% 11.43%
Net Margin 2.1% 2.8% 2.6% 3.1% 2.9% 4.3% 2.2% 2.8% 2.0% 3.7% 2.9% 4.2% 4.9% 8.1% 4.1% 5.5% -1.8% 3.0% 5.8% 7.2% 7.18%
EBITDA Margin 0.0% -1.6% 5.5% -1.5% -2.2% 6.9% 5.5% -2.8% -1.4% 7.2% 5.7% -0.3% -3.3% -2.9% 6.9% 5.9% -10.1% 21.1% 9.5% 12.6% 12.58%
FCF Margin 22.6% 24.3% 22.3% 18.9% 20.5% 21.3% 22.5% 25.4% 23.8% 22.4% 21.8% 22.0% 19.6% 13.7% 9.4% 5.5% 13.8% 17.4% 23.4% 33.6% 33.65%
OCF Margin 23.0% 24.7% 22.7% 19.2% 20.7% 21.5% 23.1% 26.0% 24.3% 23.0% 22.0% 22.5% 20.3% 14.5% 10.4% 6.1% 14.3% 22.0% 28.2% 39.3% 39.30%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 24.18%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 21.59%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 1.18%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 25.87%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 46.69%
Cash ROA snapshot only 7.12%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 62.17%
CROIC snapshot only 53.23%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 31.71%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 10.94%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 3.37%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 2.91 3.68 3.66 3.59 3.61 3.83 4.32 3.51 3.64 4.88 5.00 4.29 4.31 4.49 4.53 4.23 5.47 7.27 8.12 10.20 13.866
P/S Ratio 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.13 0.14 0.11 0.10 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.16 0.21 0.24 0.23 0.34 0.36 0.44 0.61 0.887
P/B Ratio 0.48 0.61 0.62 0.65 0.66 0.70 0.73 0.61 0.56 0.75 0.81 1.07 0.84 0.98 0.95 1.18 1.34 1.54 1.73 2.00 1.941
P/FCF 0.32 0.37 0.43 0.51 0.50 0.59 0.60 0.43 0.43 0.58 0.65 0.59 0.83 1.56 2.53 4.27 2.46 2.06 1.88 1.81 1.808
P/OCF 0.31 0.37 0.43 0.50 0.50 0.58 0.59 0.42 0.42 0.56 0.65 0.58 0.80 1.48 2.30 3.85 2.38 1.63 1.57 1.55 1.548
EV/EBITDA -264.92 -895.35 -218.81 -308.41 -1951.62 -77.29 -76.97 -84.48 -89.95 -81.28 -78.98 -56.20 -49.83 -238.13 -227.51 -44.91 8.02 -9.41 4.93 5.19 5.188
EV/Revenue -1.78 -1.83 -1.85 -1.62 -1.73 -1.86 -1.90 -1.97 -1.93 -1.84 -1.89 -1.74 -1.67 -1.51 -1.45 -1.24 0.59 -1.25 0.70 0.94 0.936
EV/EBIT -36.45 -55.72 -49.64 -108.72 -109.15 -117.07 -151.10 -151.62 -163.92 -64.25 -62.76 -54.09 -45.28 -80.80 -71.27 -30.42 7.51 -9.51 4.93 5.30 5.303
EV/FCF -7.88 -7.53 -8.30 -8.58 -8.42 -8.73 -8.43 -7.78 -8.12 -8.21 -8.68 -7.91 -8.49 -11.00 -15.41 -22.59 4.24 -7.20 2.98 2.78 2.781
Earnings Yield 34.4% 27.2% 27.3% 27.8% 27.7% 26.1% 23.1% 28.5% 27.5% 20.5% 20.0% 23.3% 23.2% 22.3% 22.1% 23.6% 18.3% 13.7% 12.3% 9.8% 9.80%
FCF Yield 3.2% 2.7% 2.3% 2.0% 2.0% 1.7% 1.7% 2.4% 2.3% 1.7% 1.5% 1.7% 1.2% 64.0% 39.5% 23.4% 40.6% 48.5% 53.2% 55.3% 55.30%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.225
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 3.203
EV/OCF snapshot only 2.381
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 1.142
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 2.111
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 8.31%
Graham Number snapshot only $44.80
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 15.52 15.37 73.59 74.56 71.20 62.16 65.84 58.03 54.45 51.03 51.29 41.10 12.49 162.96 2.29 — 0.59 — — — —
Quick Ratio 15.52 15.37 73.59 74.56 71.20 62.16 65.84 58.03 54.45 51.03 51.29 41.10 12.49 162.96 2.29 — 0.59 — — — —
Debt/Equity 0.62 0.66 0.61 0.66 0.62 0.54 0.50 0.54 0.45 0.55 0.57 0.86 1.39 0.62 1.25 0.60 1.24 1.30 1.23 1.29 1.292
Net Debt/Equity -12.48 -12.96 -12.45 -11.63 -11.70 -11.02 -10.96 -11.74 -11.04 -11.33 -11.62 -15.38 -9.41 -7.91 -6.70 -7.44 0.96 -6.93 1.01 1.07 1.073
Debt/Assets 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.071
Debt/EBITDA 13.62 47.72 11.24 18.41 108.91 4.04 3.76 4.10 3.84 4.19 4.13 3.38 8.06 21.39 49.50 4.30 4.31 2.27 2.22 2.19 2.185
Net Debt/EBITDA -275.57 -939.73 -230.19 -326.62 -2068.26 -82.50 -82.49 -89.10 -94.74 -87.02 -84.93 -60.42 -54.70 -271.98 -264.87 -53.40 3.36 -12.11 1.81 1.81 1.814
Interest Coverage 4.81 4.74 10.70 — — — — — — — — — — — 5.52 6.22 5.92 6.96 7.44 8.23 8.229
Equity Multiplier 21.23 22.37 21.42 22.19 21.86 18.53 18.14 19.76 18.14 19.29 20.00 28.10 18.88 19.15 17.51 17.82 17.73 18.24 17.42 18.11 18.105
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 8.411
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.170
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.854
Defensive Interval snapshot only 127.2 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.31 0.31 0.30 0.30 0.26 0.23 0.21 0.28 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.19 0.191
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 16.57 15.38 16.71 15.50 16.40 14.01 14.79 13.67 16.48 14.20 15.06 12.83 17.18 15.51 14.53 17.01 27.15 33.47 28.18 19.55 19.547
Payables Turnover 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -3.22 -3.81 1.66 6.52 3.92 8.30 12.26 2.73 2.734
DSO 22 24 22 24 22 26 25 27 22 26 24 28 21 24 25 21 13 11 13 19 18.7 days
DIO — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 220 56 93 44 30 134 133.5 days
Cash Conversion Cycle — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -195 -35 -80 -33 -17 -115 -114.9 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 25.026
Cash Velocity snapshot only 14.941
Capital Intensity snapshot only 5.522
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 2.6% -4.9% -4.0% -2.8% -8.7% -6.0% -4.6% -8.0% 8.0% 8.7% 9.5% 6.3% -15.9% -25.0% -31.4% -5.8% -13.0% 4.0% 9.4% -28.7% -28.66%
Net Income 13.6% 3.6% 14.0% 12.2% 6.0% 24.6% 13.9% 6.4% 6.6% -11.6% -0.7% 5.3% 12.5% 34.5% 26.6% 70.7% 43.8% 7.8% 12.8% -23.1% -23.05%
EPS 27.1% 1.9% 11.2% 10.2% -7.2% 23.1% 14.2% 5.6% 6.5% -11.6% -0.8% 6.8% 13.7% 39.0% 28.1% 74.1% 45.4% 10.1% 14.7% -20.8% -20.83%
FCF 14.2% 10.4% -5.2% -27.4% -17.2% -17.7% -3.8% 23.7% 25.3% 14.4% 6.1% -7.8% -30.6% -54.1% -70.3% -76.5% -38.7% 32.3% 1.7% 3.4% 3.38%
EBITDA 14.0% -61.6% -29.7% -56.3% -88.0% 10.1% 1.8% 3.1% 25.2% 2.3% 6.4% 40.9% 31.0% -79.0% -81.7% -16.2% 90.0% 20.9% 23.3% 3.7% 3.66%
Op. Income 6.4% 67.7% 2.3% 1.9% 1.3% 33.7% -21.5% -24.0% -30.7% -11.4% 6.5% -6.4% 5.3% 34.3% 51.3% 3.2% 7.1% 5.1% 4.4% 68.2% 68.25%
OCF Growth snapshot only 3.61%
Asset Growth snapshot only 11.67%
Equity Growth snapshot only 9.92%
Debt Growth snapshot only 1.37%
Shares Change snapshot only -2.81%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -1.25%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — 56.0% 24.4% 6.9% 0.4% -1.0% 0.1% -1.7% -6.1% -8.5% -10.5% -2.7% -7.5% -5.4% -6.4% -10.6% -10.63%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 25.4% 7.6% 4.1% -5.8% -5.4% -5.5% -8.6% -8.58%
EPS 3Y — — — — — 63.6% 34.9% 13.9% 7.9% 3.5% 8.0% 7.5% 4.0% 14.8% 13.2% 25.2% 20.8% 10.6% 13.4% 13.8% 13.76%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 40.0% 25.5% 22.4% 15.7% 11.1% 13.1% 11.4% 11.37%
Net Income 3Y — — — — — 65.7% 35.9% 14.9% 8.6% 4.5% 8.9% 7.9% 8.3% 14.0% 12.7% 24.1% 19.9% 8.6% 12.4% 11.4% 11.43%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 40.2% 25.8% 22.2% 15.7% 10.6% 13.0% 10.5% 10.55%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — 2.6% 63.1% 27.6% 36.1% 60.4% 33.4% -18.5% 69.1% 3.0% 67.6% 67.8% 76.6% 76.61%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6% 82.0% 55.9% 58.0% 58.02%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — 56.0% 24.4% 6.9% 0.4% -1.0% 0.1% -1.7% -2.6% -4.8% -12.8% -11.4% -14.3% -18.3% -12.1% -16.4% -16.38%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 28.3% 5.9% -1.6% -10.1% -13.4% -9.0% -12.2% -12.16%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — 74.9% 41.4% 20.1% 20.0% 25.7% 39.6% 27.9% 19.6% 16.8% 8.1% 44.0% 81.0% 93.7% 1.1% 87.7% 87.70%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 44.8% 35.4% 46.7% 71.4% 74.7% 86.2% 71.3% 71.32%
FCF 3Y — — — — — 70.1% 38.3% 17.8% 5.8% 1.3% -1.1% -6.1% -10.4% -24.4% -32.9% -35.6% -18.9% -11.4% -5.0% -1.8% -1.82%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 20.9% -3.6% -18.8% -12.8% -8.8% -4.8% -3.2% -3.20%
OCF 3Y — — — — — 69.4% 38.4% 18.2% 6.3% 1.9% -0.9% -5.7% -10.0% -23.4% -31.0% -33.7% -18.3% -4.6% 0.0% 2.6% 2.60%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 21.7% -2.2% -17.3% -12.4% -4.5% -1.3% -0.3% -0.26%
Assets 3Y — — — — — 3.9% 4.6% 2.6% 2.8% 2.1% 5.4% 1.0% -1.2% -1.2% -1.9% -0.2% 1.5% 2.6% 2.8% 4.0% 4.00%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.7% 2.4% 1.7% 1.4% 1.0% 2.2% 2.2% 2.20%
Equity 3Y — — — — — 13.7% 12.8% 5.7% 9.0% 6.9% 7.5% -8.1% 2.8% 4.0% 4.9% 7.3% 8.8% 3.2% 4.2% 7.1% 7.08%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — 12.2% 11.9% 4.8% 8.2% 5.8% 6.7% -8.4% -1.4% 4.8% 5.4% 8.3% 9.5% 5.1% 5.1% 9.3% 9.32%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — -1.5% 5.2% -4.9% -6.8% -6.8% 2.3% 21.8% 19.3% 25.8% 8.0% -0.6% -1.7% -11.0% -6.4% 0.7% 0.70%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability — 0.70 0.69 0.66 0.47 0.48 0.46 0.24 0.03 0.17 0.01 0.43 0.52 0.42 0.22 0.41 0.64 0.68 0.58 0.62 0.621
Earnings Stability — 0.79 0.91 0.98 0.96 0.83 0.90 0.95 0.97 0.66 0.82 0.93 0.98 0.77 0.89 0.76 0.80 0.84 0.93 0.63 0.634
Margin Stability — 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.94 0.95 0.97 0.89 0.88 0.81 0.92 0.87 0.870
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence — 0.99 0.94 0.95 0.98 0.90 0.94 0.97 0.97 0.95 1.00 0.98 0.95 0.86 0.89 0.50 0.82 0.97 0.95 0.91 0.908
Earnings Smoothness 0.87 0.96 0.87 0.89 0.94 0.78 0.87 0.94 0.94 0.88 0.99 0.95 0.88 0.71 0.77 0.48 0.64 0.93 0.88 0.74 0.739
ROE Trend — 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 0.07 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.03 0.03 -0.07 -0.069
Gross Margin Trend — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.12 -0.08 -0.24 -0.26 -0.42 -0.13 -0.06 -0.059
FCF Margin Trend — 0.06 0.03 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.03 0.02 -0.00 -0.01 -0.00 -0.03 -0.08 -0.13 -0.18 -0.08 -0.01 0.08 0.20 0.199
Sustainable Growth Rate 8.4% 4.7% 7.6% 7.0% 6.9% 8.3% 7.4% 9.1% 9.0% 7.2% 5.8% 2.7% 3.4% 4.6% 7.5% 17.3% 12.3% 11.5% 12.3% 8.0% 8.04%
Internal Growth Rate 0.4% 0.2% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.8% 0.7% 0.6% 0.7% 0.4% 0.45%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 9.36 10.01 8.60 7.23 7.26 6.58 7.35 8.44 8.63 8.64 7.71 7.36 5.38 3.04 1.97 1.10 2.29 4.46 5.19 6.59 6.589
FCF/OCF 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.95 0.91 0.90 0.97 0.79 0.83 0.86 0.856
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 5.640
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 2.179
CapEx/Revenue 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.4% 0.2% 0.2% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.2% 0.4% 0.7% 0.8% 1.0% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.6% 0.64%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.379
Accruals Ratio -0.07 -0.07 -0.06 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.06 -0.06 -0.07 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 -0.00 -0.02 -0.04 -0.05 -0.06 -0.064
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.018
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 9.222
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 17.4% 19.6% 15.4% 16.8% 17.1% 15.0% 13.6% 14.3% 13.1% 11.1% 13.0% 20.3% 18.9% 17.5% 14.1% 11.5% 9.7% 6.7% 5.6% 6.0% 3.96%
Dividend/Share $1.48 $1.79 $1.49 $1.62 $1.68 $1.76 $1.77 $1.42 $1.38 $1.47 $1.94 $2.64 $2.68 $2.96 $2.44 $2.57 $2.53 $2.02 $1.99 $2.54 $1.64
Payout Ratio 50.5% 71.9% 56.2% 60.4% 61.7% 57.4% 58.7% 50.2% 47.8% 54.1% 64.8% 87.0% 81.5% 78.5% 63.7% 48.7% 52.8% 48.6% 45.1% 60.8% 60.77%
FCF Payout Ratio 5.5% 7.3% 6.6% 8.5% 8.6% 8.8% 8.2% 6.1% 5.7% 6.4% 8.5% 12.0% 15.7% 27.3% 35.6% 49.1% 23.8% 13.8% 10.4% 10.8% 10.77%
Total Payout Ratio 50.5% 71.9% 56.2% 60.5% 61.7% 60.2% 61.6% 54.8% 50.8% 54.1% 64.8% 88.5% 91.2% 90.3% 75.1% 59.4% 65.6% 63.4% 66.1% 84.7% 84.72%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number 1.20 1.34 0.60 0.24 0.46 0.14 0.33 0.03 -0.04 -0.06 0.22 1.03 1.11 1.12 0.39 0.07 0.03 -0.27 -0.15 0.02 0.019
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% 0.7% 1.3% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.4% 2.2% 2.6% 2.5% 2.5% 2.3% 2.0% 2.6% 2.3% 2.35%
Net Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% 0.7% 1.3% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.4% 2.2% 2.6% 2.5% 2.5% 2.3% 2.0% 1.7% 1.6% 1.57%
Total Shareholder Return 17.4% 19.6% 15.4% 16.8% 17.1% 15.7% 14.3% 15.6% 13.9% 11.1% 13.0% 20.6% 21.1% 20.1% 16.6% 14.0% 12.0% 8.7% 7.2% 7.5% 7.52%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.63 0.65 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.69 0.69 0.67 0.67 0.60 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.63 0.64 0.65 0.64 0.54 0.55 0.55 0.546
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.80 1.16 1.11 2.83 2.92 3.00 3.62 3.52 3.59 1.55 1.53 1.54 1.64 4.07 4.07 2.10 1.25 0.69 0.70 0.62 0.620
EBIT Margin 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.08 0.13 0.14 0.18 0.176
Asset Turnover 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.31 0.31 0.30 0.30 0.26 0.23 0.21 0.28 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.19 0.191
Equity Multiplier 21.41 22.25 21.33 21.69 21.54 20.33 19.68 20.91 19.78 18.92 19.09 23.28 18.49 19.22 18.76 21.88 18.27 18.67 17.46 17.97 17.970
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $2.93 $2.49 $2.64 $2.69 $2.72 $3.07 $3.02 $2.84 $2.89 $2.71 $3.00 $3.03 $3.29 $3.77 $3.84 $5.28 $4.78 $4.15 $4.40 $4.18 $4.18
Book Value/Share $17.65 $14.98 $15.72 $14.88 $14.87 $16.89 $17.81 $16.34 $18.90 $17.74 $18.39 $12.10 $16.94 $17.22 $18.39 $18.88 $19.54 $19.58 $20.69 $21.36 $23.49
Tangible Book/Share $11.27 $9.44 $10.21 $9.38 $9.36 $11.01 $11.91 $10.29 $12.85 $11.70 $12.13 $5.49 $10.57 $10.73 $12.05 $11.17 $11.92 $11.78 $12.82 $13.30 $13.30
Revenue/Share $118.93 $101.20 $100.45 $100.94 $95.12 $93.96 $96.08 $92.21 $102.66 $102.15 $105.05 $99.38 $87.20 $79.17 $72.87 $95.40 $76.77 $84.12 $81.04 $70.03 $46.53
FCF/Share $26.89 $24.56 $22.40 $19.04 $19.50 $19.97 $21.61 $23.39 $24.40 $22.85 $22.89 $21.88 $17.11 $10.84 $6.87 $5.23 $10.61 $14.65 $19.00 $23.56 $14.62
OCF/Share $27.40 $24.96 $22.75 $19.42 $19.72 $20.19 $22.19 $23.95 $24.97 $23.45 $23.10 $22.31 $17.69 $11.46 $7.56 $5.80 $10.97 $18.54 $22.83 $27.52 $14.84
Cash/Share $231.17 $204.01 $205.24 $182.83 $183.10 $195.25 $204.19 $200.78 $217.05 $210.56 $224.01 $196.46 $182.91 $146.83 $146.26 $151.88 $5.35 $161.22 $4.72 $4.69 $4.69
EBITDA/Share $0.80 $0.21 $0.85 $0.53 $0.08 $2.26 $2.37 $2.15 $2.20 $2.31 $2.52 $3.08 $2.91 $0.50 $0.47 $2.63 $5.60 $11.21 $11.48 $12.63 $12.63
Debt/Share $10.89 $9.86 $9.55 $9.76 $9.16 $9.11 $8.91 $8.82 $8.45 $9.68 $10.40 $10.39 $23.48 $10.71 $23.03 $11.33 $24.15 $25.47 $25.53 $27.60 $27.60
Net Debt/Share $-220.28 $-194.15 $-195.69 $-173.07 $-173.94 $-186.13 $-195.28 $-191.96 $-208.60 $-200.88 $-213.61 $-186.06 $-159.42 $-136.12 $-123.23 $-140.55 $18.80 $-135.75 $20.82 $22.91 $22.91
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman-I Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.424
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 0.625
Piotroski F-Score 7 4 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 4 6 6 6 5 5 6 6 8 4 4
Beneish M-Score -2.73 -2.95 -2.65 -2.62 -2.90 -2.69 -2.66 -3.03 -2.35 -2.71 -2.58 -2.88 -3.33 -2.74 -1.54 -0.06 — -1.31 -3.90 -2.63 -2.625
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.807
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 1.15%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-355.23
EVA snapshot only $26720049950.05
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB+
Credit Score 66.17 65.80 77.82 72.05 72.82 80.32 83.38 80.61 85.11 80.60 79.72 83.71 76.69 73.40 68.03 70.00 55.71 76.52 61.91 61.11 61.106
Credit Grade snapshot only 8
Credit Trend snapshot only -8.898
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 225.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 28
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 57

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