— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: GIVN.SW (SIX) · $vol 74M · 0QPS.L (LSE) · $vol 37M · 0QPS.IL (IOB) · $vol 33M · GVDNY (OTC) · $vol 2M

GVDBF OTC

Givaudan S.A.
1W: +2.5% 1M: -2.9% 3M: -6.6% YTD: +5.0% 1Y: -1.5% 3Y: +31.9% 5Y: -10.2%
$3,964.00
+95.00 (+2.46%)
 
OTC · Basic Materials · Chemicals - Specialty · Tech Score Neutral · Power 48 · $36.6B mcap · 9M float · 0.0004% daily turnover · Short 81% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 0Hold: 1Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
1
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. GVDBF receives an overall rating of B. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-07-31 B+ B
2026-07-28 C B+
2026-07-25 B+ C
2026-06-30 None ADDED
2026-06-30 EXISTED None
2026-06-24 None ADDED
2026-06-23 EXISTED None
2026-05-28 None ADDED
2026-05-25 EXISTED None
2026-05-20 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A
Profitability
71
Balance Sheet
58
Earnings Quality
73
Growth
53
Value
—
Momentum
78
Safety
—
Cash Flow
66

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.71
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-8.11
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A
Score: 72.2/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 1.40x
Accruals: -6.7%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. GVDBF scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. GVDBF's score of -2.71 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. GVDBF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. GVDBF receives an estimated rating of A (score: 72.2/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). GVDBF's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
24.88x
PEG
0.44x
P/S
3.32x
P/B
7.05x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$1537.04
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 24.9x earnings, GVDBF commands a growth premium. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $1537.04 per share, 158% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.820
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.879
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.190
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.232
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.788
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
47.1%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. GVDBF's ROE of 47.1% is driven by Asset Turnover (1.232), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
13.49%
Fair P/E
35.48x
Intrinsic Value
$7858.53
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with GVDBF's realized 13.5% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. GVDBF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $7858.53, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 35.5x compares to the current market P/E of 24.9x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$3964.00
Median 1Y
$3989.49
5th Pctile
$2159.77
95th Pctile
$7393.25
Ann. Volatility
36.6%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 37.8% 43.1% 39.2% 42.9% 39.5% 43.1% 38.0% 42.7% 40.1% 44.2% 41.3% 44.4% 43.4% 43.3% 44.2% 45.6% 45.0% 52.8% 50.7% 47.1% 47.07%
ROA 19.5% 20.9% 20.1% 19.2% 17.5% 16.8% 15.4% 14.8% 14.5% 14.6% 14.3% 13.9% 15.1% 14.4% 15.5% 15.7% 16.8% 18.6% 18.8% 16.9% 16.88%
ROIC 31.9% 31.3% 31.0% 28.6% 22.9% 21.5% 21.0% 20.6% 22.0% 20.8% 21.3% 20.0% 21.7% 20.5% 23.9% 22.9% 25.2% 26.6% 27.9% 25.3% 25.31%
ROCE 28.3% 33.4% 28.6% 28.7% 21.5% 22.3% 18.3% 16.0% 13.9% 11.7% 11.7% 12.1% 11.5% 12.5% 15.1% 19.4% 24.4% 32.0% 30.0% 32.6% 32.58%
Gross Margin 44.4% 45.6% 43.5% 44.2% 40.2% 41.2% 38.1% 39.7% 39.2% 41.5% 39.2% 38.1% 35.9% 39.3% 39.4% 44.0% 44.2% 44.0% 43.0% 42.6% 42.64%
Operating Margin 16.0% 19.5% 14.0% 18.1% 13.0% 16.0% 13.8% 17.3% 14.4% 18.2% 14.2% 17.0% 13.6% 16.4% 15.7% 19.5% 18.1% 19.7% 17.2% 19.0% 18.95%
Net Margin 11.9% 15.5% 13.1% 13.9% 10.2% 12.3% 10.4% 12.8% 10.6% 14.3% 10.3% 12.0% 12.0% 12.7% 13.1% 15.7% 13.7% 15.3% 13.3% 12.5% 12.50%
EBITDA Margin 17.3% 23.8% 16.7% 22.2% 16.7% 21.4% 13.0% 14.6% 14.0% 14.9% 13.2% 13.6% 12.0% 13.2% 17.9% 24.1% 24.2% 24.3% 23.5% 23.8% 23.82%
FCF Margin 16.1% 14.4% 13.8% 12.7% 12.7% 11.7% 12.6% 12.5% 13.2% 13.9% 14.0% 11.6% 11.3% 9.2% 11.4% 14.0% 16.3% 16.8% 17.1% 14.8% 14.81%
OCF Margin 19.0% 17.6% 17.2% 16.9% 16.8% 15.9% 17.2% 17.1% 17.4% 18.0% 17.8% 15.3% 15.3% 14.5% 15.8% 18.0% 20.6% 19.8% 21.1% 19.2% 19.18%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 43.44%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 42.96%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 15.30%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 22.79%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 25.26%
Cash ROA snapshot only 23.76%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 32.00%
CROIC snapshot only 24.70%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 15.17%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 16.72%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 5.60%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 16.77%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.54%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 24.883
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.321
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 7.048
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.441
Graham Number snapshot only $1537.04
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 2.44 1.48 1.87 1.58 2.31 1.54 1.77 1.47 1.84 1.49 1.47 1.37 1.88 1.30 1.75 1.43 1.49 1.38 1.74 1.29 1.291
Quick Ratio 1.62 0.94 1.28 1.08 1.50 0.92 1.14 0.91 1.17 0.92 0.87 0.82 1.16 0.76 1.14 0.94 0.98 0.85 1.13 0.80 0.804
Debt/Equity 0.38 0.54 0.45 0.76 0.88 1.18 1.13 1.61 1.28 1.38 1.19 1.35 1.18 1.39 1.23 1.23 1.04 1.16 0.97 1.12 1.116
Net Debt/Equity 0.28 0.47 0.30 0.52 0.77 1.11 1.01 1.47 1.16 1.29 1.12 1.27 1.07 1.33 1.08 1.08 0.87 1.09 0.81 1.04 1.044
Debt/Assets 0.19 0.25 0.22 0.33 0.35 0.40 0.40 0.46 0.42 0.44 0.41 0.46 0.43 0.47 0.44 0.44 0.39 0.42 0.37 0.41 0.405
Debt/EBITDA 0.66 0.84 0.80 1.30 1.56 1.83 1.93 2.52 2.26 2.78 2.53 2.91 2.70 3.01 2.47 2.22 1.66 1.43 1.23 1.37 1.365
Net Debt/EBITDA 0.49 0.73 0.54 0.88 1.36 1.71 1.72 2.30 2.05 2.61 2.38 2.73 2.44 2.88 2.16 1.95 1.39 1.34 1.03 1.28 1.277
Interest Coverage — — — — — — — — — — — 23.88 11.56 7.07 6.56 6.51 9.42 12.12 11.96 15.58 15.581
Equity Multiplier 1.98 2.16 2.07 2.34 2.50 2.92 2.86 3.47 3.05 3.11 2.91 2.97 2.72 2.93 2.79 2.82 2.64 2.75 2.61 2.75 2.753
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.094
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 19.637
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.064
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.452
Defensive Interval snapshot only 227.8 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.40 1.49 1.43 1.41 1.34 1.37 1.33 1.29 1.26 1.21 1.19 1.18 1.25 1.22 1.24 1.17 1.21 1.28 1.29 1.23 1.232
Inventory Turnover 6.29 6.28 6.60 6.09 6.36 5.98 6.77 6.13 6.59 5.78 6.18 5.57 6.46 5.89 6.54 5.60 5.85 5.55 6.19 5.48 5.482
Receivables Turnover 9.50 9.46 9.49 8.92 9.41 9.08 9.34 9.10 9.59 8.68 9.19 8.52 9.61 8.69 9.62 8.11 8.98 8.70 9.70 7.99 7.990
Payables Turnover 10.69 11.49 10.05 10.47 9.89 9.74 9.12 9.88 9.91 9.06 8.37 8.96 10.14 10.08 9.14 9.08 8.43 9.39 8.01 8.53 8.531
DSO 38 39 38 41 39 40 39 40 38 42 40 43 38 42 38 45 41 42 38 46 45.7 days
DIO 58 58 55 60 57 61 54 60 55 63 59 66 57 62 56 65 62 66 59 67 66.6 days
DPO 34 32 36 35 37 37 40 37 37 40 44 41 36 36 40 40 43 39 46 43 42.8 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 62 65 57 66 59 64 53 63 57 65 55 68 59 68 54 70 60 69 51 69 69.5 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 6.312
Operating Cycle snapshot only 112.3 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 47.497
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.807
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3.3% 7.2% 10.4% 12.4% 16.8% 19.6% 20.8% 22.1% 18.4% 14.4% 10.9% 9.4% 10.2% 9.1% 7.9% 5.1% 3.8% 5.0% 6.1% 5.7% 5.72%
Net Income 20.5% 16.6% 14.8% 9.3% 9.0% 5.2% 0.1% 2.9% 4.5% 12.1% 14.6% 13.1% 16.1% 6.4% 11.8% 19.2% 18.2% 29.2% 23.6% 7.8% 7.82%
EPS 21.1% 17.1% 15.2% 9.0% 9.2% 5.2% 0.0% 3.2% 4.2% 12.0% 14.6% 13.4% 16.7% 6.8% 12.2% 19.2% 18.0% 29.0% 23.3% 8.1% 8.12%
FCF 4.1% -5.3% -6.2% -12.6% -7.6% -2.8% 10.1% 20.8% 22.8% 36.3% 23.9% 1.1% -5.9% -28.3% -12.5% 26.7% 50.4% 92.5% 58.9% 12.0% 12.02%
EBITDA 6.6% 8.5% 8.9% 6.6% 9.7% 9.9% 6.8% -0.2% -5.7% -16.2% -13.7% -7.0% -6.0% 0.3% 7.6% 27.8% 54.6% 83.6% 80.3% 49.6% 49.61%
Op. Income 12.5% 16.8% 12.4% 11.1% 8.1% 3.1% 7.5% 9.0% 13.5% 19.7% 17.5% 16.2% 12.9% 4.6% 5.3% 7.2% 15.1% 25.3% 26.0% 19.6% 19.57%
OCF Growth snapshot only 12.41%
Asset Growth snapshot only -1.07%
Equity Growth snapshot only 1.49%
Debt Growth snapshot only -8.21%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.28%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 5.22%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 28.8% 14.7% 6.0% 7.2% 9.0% 9.9% 10.8% 12.2% 12.6% 13.6% 13.9% 14.5% 15.1% 14.3% 13.0% 12.0% 10.6% 9.4% 8.3% 6.7% 6.73%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — 42.1% 24.2% 15.6% 9.8% 10.5% 11.0% 10.6% 10.2% 10.2% 10.3% 10.9% 11.1% 10.8% 10.79%
EPS 3Y 53.7% 40.5% 31.4% 29.0% 27.3% 19.4% 14.9% 12.2% 11.3% 11.3% 9.7% 8.5% 9.9% 8.0% 8.8% 11.7% 12.8% 15.6% 16.6% 13.5% 13.49%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — 51.8% 32.8% 26.7% 21.1% 20.2% 20.2% 15.3% 14.3% 13.8% 13.7% 13.7% 12.8% 10.5% 10.46%
Net Income 3Y 55.1% 41.2% 32.1% 29.7% 27.8% 19.6% 14.9% 12.1% 11.1% 11.2% 9.6% 8.3% 9.7% 7.9% 8.6% 11.5% 12.8% 15.5% 16.5% 13.3% 13.28%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — 52.6% 33.6% 27.1% 21.4% 20.5% 20.4% 15.3% 14.2% 13.7% 13.5% 13.6% 12.7% 10.3% 10.33%
EBITDA 3Y 32.0% 17.8% 8.1% 8.0% 8.8% 7.3% 7.0% 3.2% 3.3% -0.0% 0.1% -0.4% -0.9% -2.6% -0.3% 5.8% 11.1% 15.5% 18.8% 21.1% 21.13%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — 37.2% 18.9% 8.5% 3.1% 3.1% 2.7% 0.8% 2.6% 5.5% 9.9% 13.0% 14.3% 13.6% 13.58%
Gross Profit 3Y 28.6% 15.3% 6.5% 8.0% 9.7% 9.3% 8.5% 8.0% 7.6% 8.2% 8.6% 8.7% 8.6% 7.6% 6.9% 7.9% 9.4% 10.1% 10.9% 9.9% 9.92%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — 37.9% 20.4% 12.7% 7.5% 8.4% 9.0% 8.0% 7.4% 7.7% 8.5% 9.5% 10.0% 9.5% 9.45%
Op. Income 3Y 41.4% 28.8% 18.3% 18.4% 17.4% 12.6% 11.3% 10.6% 11.3% 13.0% 12.4% 12.1% 11.5% 8.9% 10.0% 10.8% 13.8% 16.2% 16.0% 14.2% 14.23%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — 46.1% 28.2% 21.4% 15.9% 16.0% 15.7% 12.3% 11.3% 11.0% 12.4% 13.6% 13.5% 12.5% 12.54%
FCF 3Y 39.4% 28.8% 22.9% 20.5% 22.3% 12.9% 3.9% 8.3% 5.7% 7.9% 8.6% 2.2% 2.2% -1.7% 6.1% 15.7% 20.2% 23.4% 19.9% 12.8% 12.80%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — 41.8% 25.2% 23.1% 20.4% 16.4% 16.2% 7.1% 4.0% 10.2% 10.8% 11.6% 12.2% 8.7% 8.66%
OCF 3Y 33.1% 19.8% 12.0% 11.9% 12.8% 10.8% 6.5% 11.9% 8.8% 9.8% 10.3% 5.8% 7.2% 7.1% 10.1% 14.5% 18.5% 17.8% 15.9% 11.0% 10.97%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — 41.8% 24.5% 19.1% 14.3% 11.2% 11.3% 9.2% 5.9% 11.2% 11.8% 10.9% 12.8% 10.5% 10.47%
Assets 3Y -2.0% -0.9% 2.9% 7.6% 13.4% 15.2% 18.8% 21.1% 18.1% 24.2% 22.0% 24.6% 20.9% 20.5% 15.0% 14.8% 9.3% 4.9% 4.5% 3.4% 3.36%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — 9.1% 9.0% 10.8% 11.2% 13.0% 12.6% 12.6% 12.4% 14.6% 13.3% 13.8% 13.6% 14.4% 14.37%
Equity 3Y -1.5% -1.5% 0.4% -0.8% 0.3% 0.5% 2.1% -0.5% 0.7% 6.5% 4.8% 11.0% 8.7% 8.8% 4.1% 7.8% 7.3% 7.1% 7.6% 11.7% 11.65%
Book Value 3Y -2.4% -2.0% -0.1% -1.3% -0.1% 0.4% 2.1% -0.3% 0.9% 6.6% 4.9% 11.1% 8.9% 8.9% 4.2% 8.0% 7.3% 7.1% 7.7% 11.9% 11.86%
Dividend 3Y 6.8% 3.6% 3.6% 2.6% 2.7% 2.3% 2.5% 2.4% 2.4% 2.3% 2.3% 2.2% 2.3% 1.9% 1.9% 1.5% 1.3% 1.3% 1.4% 1.8% 1.80%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.75 0.84 0.92 0.92 0.89 0.86 0.86 0.92 0.96 0.98 0.89 0.90 0.93 0.94 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.961
Earnings Stability 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.95 0.96 0.94 0.91 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.93 0.91 0.93 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.94 0.944
Margin Stability 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.93 0.928
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.96 0.96 0.98 1.00 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.94 0.95 0.94 0.97 0.95 0.92 0.93 0.88 0.91 0.97 0.969
Earnings Smoothness 0.81 0.85 0.86 0.91 0.91 0.95 1.00 0.97 0.96 0.89 0.86 0.88 0.85 0.94 0.89 0.82 0.83 0.74 0.79 0.92 0.925
ROE Trend 0.14 0.12 0.08 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.02 -0.03 0.00 -0.00 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.10 0.06 0.05 0.049
Gross Margin Trend 0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.04 -0.05 -0.06 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.039
FCF Margin Trend 0.04 0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.04 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.04 -0.02 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.020
Sustainable Growth Rate 9.3% 9.9% 10.2% 10.0% 9.5% 9.1% 7.8% 8.6% 8.9% 11.0% 10.7% 11.0% 12.5% 11.1% 13.3% 15.7% 16.8% 21.2% 20.8% 17.0% 17.03%
Internal Growth Rate 5.1% 5.0% 5.5% 4.7% 4.4% 3.7% 3.3% 3.1% 3.3% 3.8% 3.8% 3.6% 4.5% 3.8% 4.9% 5.7% 6.7% 8.1% 8.4% 6.5% 6.51%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.36 1.26 1.22 1.24 1.28 1.29 1.48 1.49 1.51 1.49 1.48 1.30 1.26 1.23 1.27 1.34 1.49 1.37 1.45 1.40 1.400
FCF/OCF 0.85 0.82 0.80 0.75 0.76 0.74 0.73 0.74 0.76 0.78 0.79 0.76 0.74 0.63 0.72 0.77 0.79 0.85 0.81 0.77 0.772
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.081
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.800
CapEx/Revenue 2.9% 3.2% 3.4% 4.2% 4.1% 4.2% 4.6% 4.5% 4.2% 4.0% 3.7% 3.8% 4.1% 5.4% 4.1% 3.8% 4.0% 2.7% 4.0% 4.4% 4.38%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.884
Accruals Ratio -0.07 -0.05 -0.04 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.04 -0.05 -0.08 -0.07 -0.08 -0.07 -0.067
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.086
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.462
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.14%
Dividend/Share $102.94 $108.81 $108.73 $112.65 $113.15 $117.00 $116.86 $120.95 $120.75 $124.89 $124.81 $129.16 $129.35 $132.29 $132.18 $134.34 $134.25 $137.20 $137.13 $141.35 $72.00
Payout Ratio 75.3% 77.0% 74.0% 76.7% 75.8% 78.8% 79.6% 79.8% 77.7% 75.0% 74.2% 75.2% 71.3% 74.4% 70.0% 65.6% 62.7% 59.8% 58.9% 63.8% 63.82%
FCF Payout Ratio 65.6% 75.0% 75.4% 82.3% 77.9% 83.0% 73.7% 72.9% 67.9% 65.1% 63.5% 76.8% 76.8% 95.8% 76.6% 63.1% 53.1% 51.7% 50.1% 59.1% 59.06%
Total Payout Ratio 75.3% 77.0% 74.0% 76.7% 75.8% 78.8% 79.6% 80.9% 79.7% 80.2% 80.4% 83.5% 78.5% 80.4% 74.6% 69.0% 64.2% 61.1% 58.9% 64.8% 64.78%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.86 0.85 0.86 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.86 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.85 0.86 1.00 1.01 1.03 1.00 0.86 0.85 0.83 0.82 0.820
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.94 0.93 0.95 0.91 0.92 0.91 1.01 1.19 1.37 1.74 1.72 1.69 1.52 1.50 1.23 1.06 1.02 0.92 0.92 0.88 0.879
EBIT Margin 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.11 0.10 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.190
Asset Turnover 1.40 1.49 1.43 1.41 1.34 1.37 1.33 1.29 1.26 1.21 1.19 1.18 1.25 1.22 1.24 1.17 1.21 1.28 1.29 1.23 1.232
Equity Multiplier 1.94 2.06 1.95 2.23 2.25 2.56 2.47 2.88 2.77 3.02 2.88 3.19 2.87 3.02 2.85 2.89 2.68 2.84 2.70 2.79 2.788
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $136.65 $141.23 $146.83 $146.80 $149.17 $148.57 $146.89 $151.53 $155.37 $166.44 $168.28 $171.82 $181.37 $177.79 $188.88 $204.86 $214.00 $229.31 $232.96 $221.50 $221.50
Book Value/Share $354.59 $329.65 $380.87 $369.32 $400.16 $360.49 $391.70 $338.72 $375.26 $393.18 $422.73 $433.70 $457.70 $425.93 $431.21 $465.77 $494.03 $442.97 $489.11 $474.04 $480.29
Tangible Book/Share $105.74 $78.21 $113.68 $80.01 $-31.17 $-66.15 $-69.52 $-161.44 $-113.22 $-103.57 $-99.42 $-84.24 $-44.78 $-83.76 $-396.22 $-60.04 $-26.98 $-45.30 $-19.94 $-30.69 $-30.69
Revenue/Share $975.47 $1008.13 $1045.71 $1079.70 $1140.94 $1205.47 $1262.27 $1322.23 $1346.74 $1378.49 $1399.35 $1451.11 $1492.62 $1509.08 $1515.34 $1524.52 $1546.10 $1580.77 $1604.55 $1616.27 $1011.37
FCF/Share $157.00 $145.00 $144.14 $136.92 $145.29 $140.92 $158.62 $165.86 $177.85 $191.96 $196.46 $168.15 $168.39 $138.12 $172.57 $213.07 $252.74 $265.33 $273.71 $239.34 $119.99
OCF/Share $185.21 $177.54 $179.35 $182.35 $191.67 $191.66 $216.94 $225.63 $234.83 $247.51 $248.43 $222.68 $228.96 $219.07 $239.85 $275.05 $318.78 $313.44 $338.18 $310.06 $149.56
Cash/Share $35.43 $23.70 $57.70 $90.53 $46.06 $26.07 $49.07 $46.96 $44.62 $33.37 $29.80 $34.88 $52.78 $27.02 $65.66 $71.17 $82.23 $32.68 $79.99 $34.03 $34.22
EBITDA/Share $205.24 $212.12 $215.41 $216.71 $225.54 $233.04 $229.96 $216.80 $211.98 $195.08 $198.51 $202.11 $200.46 $196.48 $214.47 $258.26 $309.28 $359.92 $385.94 $387.48 $387.48
Debt/Share $135.46 $177.65 $173.10 $281.90 $352.70 $425.45 $444.54 $545.28 $478.59 $541.86 $502.14 $587.38 $541.31 $592.26 $529.70 $574.62 $512.70 $515.89 $476.06 $528.96 $528.96
Net Debt/Share $100.03 $153.95 $115.40 $191.37 $306.65 $399.38 $395.47 $498.33 $433.97 $508.48 $472.33 $552.50 $488.53 $565.24 $464.04 $503.46 $430.47 $483.21 $396.07 $494.93 $494.93
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 6 6 6 3 4 5 3 5 4 6 6 7 7 6 8 8 7 8 7 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.70 -2.48 -2.38 -2.41 -2.24 -2.23 -2.34 -2.33 -2.66 -2.60 -2.68 -2.48 -2.48 -2.54 -2.72 -2.76 -2.88 -2.87 -2.80 -2.71 -2.707
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -8.108
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-360.97
EVA snapshot only $1369663700.22
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A
Credit Score 79.25 77.75 79.25 73.40 74.15 71.00 71.30 68.50 69.80 69.50 69.50 68.25 69.80 60.55 64.80 64.50 70.60 74.75 76.25 72.25 72.250
Credit Grade snapshot only 6
Credit Trend snapshot only 7.750
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 150.000

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