— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: IGIFF (OTC) · $vol 2M

IGM.TO TSX

IGM Financial Inc.
1W: -0.7% 1M: -1.3% 3M: +5.6% YTD: +26.3% 1Y: +75.4% 3Y: +149.1% 5Y: +132.5%
C$84.09 ($58.99)
+0.41 (+0.49%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.3%
C$79 C$81 C$84 C$87 C$90
TSX · Financial Services · Asset Management · Tech Score Sell · Power 38 · C$19.5B mcap · 83M float · 0.528% daily turnover

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 0Hold: 1Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
4
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
2
P/B
2
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. IGM.TO receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5), P/E (2/5), P/B (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-07-27 B B+
2026-07-25 B+ B
2026-04-22 A- B+
2026-04-16 B+ A-
2026-04-01 B B+
2026-03-04 B+ B

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 55 Grade A
Profitability
70
Balance Sheet
60
Earnings Quality
86
Growth
59
Value
60
Momentum
80
Safety
30
Cash Flow
73
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. IGM.TO scores highest in Earnings Quality (86/100) and lowest in Safety (30/100). An overall grade of A places IGM.TO among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
1.67
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.32
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-7.90
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB-
Score: 53.2/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.05x
Accruals: -0.3%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. IGM.TO scores 1.67, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. IGM.TO scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. IGM.TO's score of -2.32 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. IGM.TO's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. IGM.TO receives an estimated rating of BBB- (score: 53.2/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). IGM.TO's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
16.92x
PEG
0.81x
P/S
4.98x
P/B
2.10x
P/FCF
16.20x
P/OCF
15.08x
EV/EBITDA
14.55x
EV/Revenue
6.31x
EV/EBIT
15.00x
EV/FCF
21.59x
Earnings Yield
6.29%
FCF Yield
6.17%
Shareholder Yield
5.99%
Graham Number
$66.76
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 16.9x earnings, IGM.TO trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 6.3% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $66.76 per share, 26% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.769
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.921
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.421
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.186
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.413
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
13.4%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. IGM.TO's ROE of 13.4% is driven by a balanced combination of operating margin, asset efficiency, and leverage.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
7.39%
Fair P/E
23.28x
Intrinsic Value
$116.03
Price/Value
0.68x
Margin of Safety
31.76%
Premium
-31.76%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with IGM.TO's realized 7.4% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. IGM.TO trades at a -32% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $116.03, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 23.3x compares to the current market P/E of 16.9x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$84.13
Median 1Y
$96.47
5th Pctile
$62.40
95th Pctile
$149.45
Ann. Volatility
25.2%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 16.8% 17.1% 16.2% 16.0% 14.8% 13.9% 16.2% 15.8% 15.4% 18.1% 15.0% 16.1% 15.9% 12.9% 12.8% 12.9% 12.6% 13.1% 13.7% 13.4% 13.41%
ROA 5.7% 5.8% 5.8% 5.7% 5.3% 4.8% 5.6% 5.3% 5.2% 6.1% 5.3% 5.6% 5.7% 4.7% 4.9% 5.0% 5.2% 5.1% 5.5% 5.6% 5.56%
ROIC 13.0% 14.4% 12.0% 9.3% 6.3% 4.8% 1.3% 1.3% 2.3% 2.8% 6.1% 6.6% 6.3% 6.6% 6.6% 6.9% 7.3% 7.7% 6.6% 6.5% 6.49%
ROCE 9.5% 9.6% 9.4% 9.4% 7.5% 7.7% 8.6% 7.8% 7.9% 8.1% 7.1% 7.7% 7.8% 7.7% 7.8% 8.1% 8.1% 8.1% 8.0% 8.1% 8.09%
Gross Margin 97.1% 60.3% 60.7% 60.1% 54.5% 48.3% 68.8% 59.8% -14.4% -76.0% 90.5% 90.4% 90.6% -66.9% 90.6% 91.0% 91.2% -65.8% 55.1% 55.0% 54.98%
Operating Margin 63.6% 38.3% 19.6% 17.8% 17.9% 29.3% -39.2% 20.4% 35.5% 43.1% 32.5% 30.9% 32.6% 32.9% 31.1% 32.0% 34.7% 34.0% 35.7% 28.5% 28.49%
Net Margin 31.5% 18.8% 29.9% 29.0% 26.2% 23.7% 41.3% 18.7% 24.7% 52.8% 26.6% 25.6% 27.2% 27.5% 25.8% 27.0% 30.4% 31.6% 30.7% 26.6% 26.59%
EBITDA Margin 46.9% 26.4% 45.3% 44.6% 40.5% 36.4% 53.9% 31.0% 39.0% 36.5% 38.6% 39.6% 41.7% 41.2% 37.2% 38.5% 42.6% 45.4% 45.8% 39.8% 39.85%
FCF Margin 23.2% 22.0% 22.6% 22.5% 19.7% 18.4% 18.8% 20.2% 19.5% 20.7% 22.0% 22.6% 26.5% 29.6% 27.3% 25.9% 24.8% 23.9% 26.0% 29.2% 29.25%
OCF Margin 26.1% 24.2% 24.9% 25.1% 22.5% 22.9% 23.0% 24.2% 24.4% 25.3% 26.6% 27.4% 30.4% 33.0% 30.7% 29.1% 28.0% 27.1% 28.8% 31.4% 31.41%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 13.24%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 14.28%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 5.30%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 6.00%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 5.94%
Cash ROA snapshot only 5.64%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 7.94%
CROIC snapshot only 7.40%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 25.67%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 38.76%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only -4.27%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 9.24 9.07 8.74 7.10 7.59 8.89 8.13 8.84 7.72 6.60 7.76 7.88 8.33 11.28 10.92 10.36 11.63 13.31 13.58 15.89 16.920
P/S Ratio 2.65 2.28 2.27 1.83 1.87 2.40 2.46 2.47 2.13 2.29 2.39 2.53 2.72 3.02 2.90 2.78 3.22 3.83 4.07 4.74 4.980
P/B Ratio 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.15 1.14 1.27 1.32 1.37 1.16 1.14 1.12 1.19 1.22 1.35 1.31 1.25 1.35 1.64 1.74 1.99 2.101
P/FCF 11.42 10.36 10.04 8.14 9.49 13.00 13.08 12.24 10.93 11.10 10.82 11.20 10.29 10.19 10.61 10.75 13.02 16.01 15.64 16.20 16.198
P/OCF 10.17 9.41 9.11 7.30 8.30 10.45 10.67 10.21 8.73 9.06 8.97 9.23 8.95 9.14 9.45 9.56 11.53 14.16 14.13 15.08 15.084
EV/EBITDA 9.85 9.38 9.23 8.55 9.42 9.73 9.43 11.20 10.00 10.08 12.26 11.85 12.09 11.26 11.09 10.55 10.84 11.68 13.17 14.55 14.547
EV/Revenue 4.24 3.51 3.54 3.28 3.47 4.02 4.14 4.58 4.06 4.11 4.47 4.56 4.74 4.54 4.43 4.18 4.33 4.80 5.68 6.31 6.313
EV/EBIT 10.49 9.88 9.73 9.04 10.00 10.56 10.15 12.11 10.82 10.71 12.85 12.33 12.52 11.84 11.66 10.90 11.01 11.68 13.37 15.00 14.995
EV/FCF 18.24 15.92 15.68 14.54 17.62 21.82 22.03 22.71 20.84 19.87 20.28 20.19 17.90 15.34 16.23 16.15 17.49 20.05 21.84 21.59 21.587
Earnings Yield 10.8% 11.0% 11.4% 14.1% 13.2% 11.2% 12.3% 11.3% 13.0% 15.1% 12.9% 12.7% 12.0% 8.9% 9.2% 9.7% 8.6% 7.5% 7.4% 6.3% 6.29%
FCF Yield 8.8% 9.7% 10.0% 12.3% 10.5% 7.7% 7.6% 8.2% 9.1% 9.0% 9.2% 8.9% 9.7% 9.8% 9.4% 9.3% 7.7% 6.2% 6.4% 6.2% 6.17%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.809
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 3.451
EV/OCF snapshot only 20.102
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 19.375
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 19.013
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 5.99%
Graham Number snapshot only $66.76
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 3.22 3.28 3.82 3.78 18.92 4.03 3.99 3.64 3.55 3.46 3.38 3.28 3.11 3.61 3.89 3.80 4.10 4.55 1.36 1.28 1.275
Quick Ratio 3.25 3.28 3.82 3.78 18.92 4.03 3.99 3.64 3.55 3.46 3.38 3.28 3.11 3.61 3.89 3.80 4.10 4.55 1.36 1.28 1.275
Debt/Equity 1.21 1.14 1.12 1.16 1.15 1.14 1.08 1.24 1.23 1.09 1.05 1.02 0.98 0.97 0.96 0.93 0.84 0.83 0.82 0.83 0.826
Net Debt/Equity 0.83 0.74 0.77 0.90 0.98 0.86 0.91 1.17 1.05 0.90 0.98 0.96 0.90 0.68 0.69 0.63 0.46 0.41 0.69 0.66 0.663
Debt/Assets 0.45 0.42 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.37 0.36 0.39 0.40 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.37 0.38 0.37 0.36 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.352
Debt/EBITDA 5.37 5.05 4.84 4.86 5.12 5.19 4.58 5.46 5.56 5.39 6.14 5.63 5.62 5.39 5.34 5.23 5.02 4.70 4.44 4.52 4.525
Net Debt/EBITDA 3.68 3.28 3.32 3.76 4.35 3.93 3.83 5.16 4.76 4.45 5.72 5.28 5.14 3.78 3.84 3.53 2.77 2.35 3.74 3.63 3.632
Interest Coverage 11.68 12.13 12.27 11.90 11.30 10.79 12.24 11.28 10.86 10.29 8.80 9.51 9.82 10.35 10.47 10.77 11.35 12.16 12.63 12.58 12.580
Equity Multiplier 2.72 2.74 2.76 2.86 2.90 3.09 3.00 3.14 3.06 2.80 2.68 2.64 2.54 2.65 2.57 2.49 2.35 2.50 2.39 2.34 2.343
Cash Ratio snapshot only 1.049
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 12.968
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.197
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.149
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.20 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.186
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 7.64 9.37 8.93 9.24 9.09 8.52 8.80 9.60 9.63 9.39 8.41 9.77 10.96 11.56 9.44 11.02 12.62 13.63 11.02 12.41 12.406
Payables Turnover 0.23 1.24 1.95 2.32 2.92 2.72 3.26 3.08 4.31 6.23 7.11 5.76 3.71 3.82 4.78 4.08 3.86 3.66 5.45 5.28 5.279
DSO 48 39 41 40 40 43 41 38 38 39 43 37 33 32 39 33 29 27 33 29 29.4 days
DIO -221 0 -11 -10 -10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 1606 295 187 157 125 134 112 119 85 59 51 63 98 96 76 90 95 100 67 69 69.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -1779 -256 -158 -128 -95 -91 -70 -80 -47 -20 -8 -26 -65 -64 -38 -56 -66 -73 -34 -40 -39.7 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 11.031
Cash Velocity snapshot only 2.580
Capital Intensity snapshot only 5.571
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 8.1% 28.6% 25.6% 17.7% 13.2% -17.4% -11.3% -8.1% -6.6% 2.7% -5.4% -3.0% -2.8% 5.6% 10.3% 8.9% 10.9% 9.4% 8.0% 7.8% 7.81%
Net Income 29.2% 28.1% 23.6% 12.4% -3.0% -11.4% 3.3% -0.6% 4.7% 32.5% -3.7% 11.3% 15.1% -18.7% -4.7% -8.8% -5.9% 17.9% 21.9% 19.6% 19.63%
EPS 28.0% 26.6% 22.2% 12.6% -1.9% -10.2% 4.6% -0.3% 4.4% 32.4% -3.6% 11.9% 15.9% -18.7% -4.9% -8.8% -6.0% 18.5% 23.4% 21.3% 21.35%
FCF 28.3% 36.4% 49.4% 41.4% -4.2% -30.9% -26.2% -17.6% -7.5% 15.3% 11.0% 8.5% 32.0% 51.3% 36.6% 24.9% 3.8% -11.5% 2.9% 21.7% 21.74%
EBITDA 26.7% 27.6% 22.9% 11.7% -3.3% -8.7% 1.4% -1.8% 3.0% 1.4% -21.4% -8.9% -6.2% 4.5% 20.9% 12.3% 13.2% 11.5% 16.6% 18.0% 17.98%
Op. Income 14.4% 51.8% 15.3% -19.7% -49.5% -66.6% -89.1% -84.3% -61.9% -37.8% 4.6% 4.5% 2.2% 1.6% 6.3% -1.0% 4.8% 12.0% 15.5% 11.3% 11.34%
OCF Growth snapshot only 16.30%
Asset Growth snapshot only 8.05%
Equity Growth snapshot only 14.91%
Debt Growth snapshot only 2.12%
Shares Change snapshot only -1.41%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 3.26%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 0.3% 5.8% 5.4% 4.3% 5.0% 0.4% 3.0% 4.7% 4.6% 3.0% 1.7% 1.6% 0.9% -3.6% -2.6% -1.0% 0.2% 5.9% 4.1% 4.4% 4.41%
Revenue 5Y 2.5% 5.8% 5.0% 4.0% 3.9% 1.0% 1.8% 1.7% 1.3% 0.1% -0.4% 0.2% 1.0% 1.9% 2.7% 3.9% 4.3% 4.8% 4.6% 4.3% 4.25%
EPS 3Y 13.3% 8.0% 9.5% 9.4% 7.3% 5.1% 11.6% 9.1% 9.4% 14.6% 7.2% 7.9% 5.9% -1.1% -1.4% 0.6% 4.4% 8.4% 4.2% 7.4% 7.39%
EPS 5Y 5.5% 4.6% 4.7% 3.5% 3.1% 7.5% 10.9% 9.3% 8.3% 8.4% 5.8% 7.9% 8.4% 4.5% 5.0% 5.8% 7.4% 7.7% 7.6% 6.8% 6.82%
Net Income 3Y 13.2% 8.0% 9.5% 9.4% 7.2% 5.0% 11.6% 9.2% 9.5% 14.5% 7.1% 7.5% 5.3% -1.6% -1.8% 0.3% 4.3% 8.3% 3.8% 6.7% 6.67%
Net Income 5Y 5.5% 4.7% 4.8% 3.4% 2.8% 7.3% 10.7% 9.1% 8.1% 8.2% 5.5% 7.7% 8.2% 4.5% 5.0% 5.7% 7.3% 7.6% 7.4% 6.3% 6.28%
EBITDA 3Y 15.8% 14.9% 16.0% 14.9% 10.0% 8.2% 10.6% 7.1% 8.1% 5.7% -0.7% -0.0% -2.2% -1.1% -1.2% 0.2% 3.0% 5.7% 3.5% 6.5% 6.47%
EBITDA 5Y 6.2% 6.1% 7.0% 5.9% 5.1% 6.1% 8.5% 8.1% 9.1% 7.0% 4.5% 6.3% 5.1% 6.0% 5.2% 4.7% 6.0% 6.6% 6.7% 5.8% 5.78%
Gross Profit 3Y 16.6% 17.6% 13.7% 8.3% 2.7% -4.7% -7.0% -10.5% -25.3% -54.1% -48.7% -38.6% -18.4% -19.4% -15.7% -10.7% -4.1% 1.8% -7.4% -13.7% -13.73%
Gross Profit 5Y 11.6% 11.9% 9.2% 5.9% 2.6% -1.5% 0.4% 0.4% -6.7% -29.4% -24.9% -17.0% -3.2% -3.7% -6.4% -8.0% -10.7% -12.4% -14.9% -18.1% -18.09%
Op. Income 3Y 34.3% 22.1% 25.9% 29.8% 27.7% 2.4% -43.3% -46.5% -39.6% -31.9% -11.1% -11.5% -15.3% -18.5% -13.4% -5.1% 8.0% 21.9% 90.1% 82.2% 82.17%
Op. Income 5Y 48.2% 49.3% 42.2% 19.4% 4.3% -4.6% -25.9% -23.3% -14.2% -17.7% 4.0% 13.6% 20.2% 11.7% 1.7% -3.6% -6.2% -1.7% -2.9% -5.2% -5.24%
FCF 3Y 1.4% 5.6% 10.0% 8.1% 3.1% -2.0% -2.6% 1.2% 4.4% 2.8% 7.0% 8.1% 5.4% 6.4% 3.8% 3.7% 8.2% 15.6% 16.0% 18.1% 18.15%
FCF 5Y 6.8% 6.9% 3.9% 4.9% 3.3% -1.1% 0.8% 0.8% -1.5% -1.3% 1.7% 2.4% 6.0% 10.4% 7.0% 7.0% 9.3% 7.8% 11.5% 13.9% 13.94%
OCF 3Y 2.4% 6.3% 11.2% 8.5% 4.4% 1.2% 0.5% 3.6% 7.4% 4.4% 7.1% 9.0% 6.2% 6.9% 4.5% 4.0% 7.7% 12.0% 12.1% 13.9% 13.87%
OCF 5Y 4.9% 5.5% 3.5% 5.1% 3.7% 1.2% 2.4% 2.2% 1.2% 1.3% 4.3% 4.4% 6.9% 10.1% 7.1% 7.1% 8.9% 7.0% 9.6% 11.8% 11.79%
Assets 3Y 3.3% 4.2% 3.2% 2.8% 4.1% 6.8% 6.9% 7.9% 6.8% 5.1% 3.0% 3.4% 4.0% 5.4% 4.8% 5.7% 5.9% 6.1% 4.1% 3.9% 3.88%
Assets 5Y 2.3% 2.5% 1.7% 1.2% 2.1% 2.6% 3.9% 4.4% 4.7% 3.6% 2.9% 3.5% 4.2% 6.1% 5.4% 5.5% 5.7% 6.9% 4.9% 5.2% 5.21%
Equity 3Y 11.1% 11.9% 11.9% 10.8% 11.1% 10.5% 10.9% 10.1% 8.8% 10.1% 5.1% 5.2% 6.4% 6.5% 7.4% 10.6% 13.6% 13.8% 12.4% 14.6% 14.58%
Book Value 3Y 11.2% 11.9% 11.9% 10.8% 11.1% 10.5% 10.9% 10.0% 8.7% 10.1% 5.1% 5.6% 6.9% 7.0% 7.8% 10.9% 13.7% 14.0% 12.8% 15.4% 15.35%
Dividend 3Y 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1% -0.1% -0.3% -0.2% -0.1% 0.0% 0.4% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.1% -0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 1.3% 1.27%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.39 0.46 0.42 0.39 0.55 0.21 0.36 0.41 0.38 0.01 0.02 0.07 0.22 0.01 0.07 0.34 0.46 0.91 0.79 0.82 0.823
Earnings Stability 0.28 0.42 0.47 0.43 0.47 0.68 0.91 0.94 0.85 0.68 0.80 0.94 0.86 0.50 0.54 0.71 0.75 0.46 0.53 0.72 0.716
Margin Stability 0.70 0.68 0.72 0.74 0.69 0.66 0.71 0.72 0.60 0.39 0.44 0.53 0.66 0.49 0.53 0.57 0.55 0.30 0.34 0.39 0.395
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.88 0.89 0.91 0.95 0.99 0.95 0.99 1.00 0.98 0.87 0.99 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.98 0.96 0.98 0.93 0.91 0.92 0.921
Earnings Smoothness 0.74 0.75 0.79 0.88 0.97 0.88 0.97 0.99 0.95 0.72 0.96 0.89 0.86 0.79 0.95 0.91 0.94 0.84 0.80 0.82 0.821
ROE Trend -0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.00 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.00 -0.01 -0.010
Gross Margin Trend 0.09 -0.09 -0.20 -0.32 -0.45 -0.46 -0.38 -0.31 -0.37 -0.59 -0.52 -0.39 0.01 0.16 0.13 0.10 0.06 0.19 0.09 -0.05 -0.046
FCF Margin Trend 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.00 -0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.10 0.07 0.05 0.02 -0.01 0.01 0.05 0.050
Sustainable Growth Rate 7.2% 7.7% 7.5% 7.1% 6.1% 5.3% 7.8% 7.0% 6.8% 9.6% 6.9% 8.1% 8.1% 5.5% 5.6% 5.8% 6.1% 6.8% 7.4% 7.2% 7.17%
Internal Growth Rate 2.5% 2.7% 2.7% 2.6% 2.2% 1.8% 2.8% 2.4% 2.3% 3.4% 2.5% 2.9% 3.0% 2.1% 2.2% 2.3% 2.6% 2.7% 3.1% 3.1% 3.06%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.91 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.91 0.85 0.76 0.87 0.88 0.73 0.87 0.85 0.93 1.23 1.16 1.08 1.01 0.94 0.96 1.05 1.053
FCF/OCF 0.89 0.91 0.91 0.90 0.87 0.80 0.82 0.83 0.80 0.82 0.83 0.82 0.87 0.90 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.88 0.90 0.93 0.931
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.981
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.724
CapEx/Revenue 2.9% 2.2% 2.3% 2.6% 2.8% 4.5% 4.2% 4.0% 4.9% 4.7% 4.6% 4.8% 4.0% 3.4% 3.4% 3.2% 3.2% 3.1% 2.8% 2.2% 2.16%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.124
Accruals Ratio 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.003
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.376
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.957
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 6.2% 6.0% 6.2% 7.9% 7.8% 7.0% 6.4% 6.3% 7.3% 7.1% 7.0% 6.4% 5.8% 5.1% 5.2% 5.3% 4.4% 3.6% 3.4% 2.9% 2.88%
Dividend/Share $2.23 $2.23 $2.23 $2.25 $2.26 $2.26 $2.25 $2.24 $2.24 $2.25 $2.25 $2.26 $2.26 $2.24 $2.24 $2.25 $2.25 $2.25 $2.25 $2.32 $2.42
Payout Ratio 57.1% 54.9% 54.0% 55.8% 59.1% 61.9% 52.1% 55.7% 56.1% 46.6% 54.1% 50.1% 48.7% 57.2% 56.6% 54.7% 51.6% 48.4% 46.2% 46.6% 46.57%
FCF Payout Ratio 70.6% 62.6% 62.0% 64.0% 73.9% 90.6% 83.7% 77.2% 79.5% 78.3% 75.4% 71.2% 60.2% 51.6% 55.0% 56.8% 57.8% 58.2% 53.2% 47.5% 47.49%
Total Payout Ratio 57.1% 54.9% 56.6% 67.8% 71.8% 75.3% 60.8% 55.7% 56.1% 46.6% 55.3% 54.7% 55.6% 70.3% 76.6% 73.9% 72.0% 75.1% 81.0% 95.1% 95.12%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.047
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 1.7% 1.7% 1.5% 1.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.6% 0.8% 1.2% 1.8% 1.9% 1.8% 2.0% 2.6% 3.1% 3.06%
Net Buyback Yield -0.4% -0.6% -0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.9% 0.8% -0.3% -0.2% -0.2% 0.1% 0.5% 0.6% 0.1% 0.5% 0.5% 0.3% 1.2% 1.7% 2.2% 2.19%
Total Shareholder Return 5.8% 5.4% 5.5% 8.6% 8.5% 7.9% 7.2% 6.0% 7.0% 6.8% 7.1% 6.9% 6.4% 5.2% 5.7% 5.8% 4.7% 4.8% 5.1% 5.1% 5.12%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.78 0.77 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.81 0.81 0.81 1.00 1.00 0.97 0.96 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.76 0.77 0.77 0.769
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.91 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.91 0.91 0.90 0.90 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.91 0.91 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.921
EBIT Margin 0.40 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.35 0.38 0.41 0.38 0.37 0.38 0.35 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.41 0.43 0.42 0.421
Asset Turnover 0.20 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.186
Equity Multiplier 2.94 2.95 2.80 2.82 2.81 2.91 2.88 3.00 2.98 2.94 2.83 2.88 2.78 2.72 2.62 2.56 2.44 2.57 2.47 2.41 2.413
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $3.91 $4.06 $4.13 $4.04 $3.83 $3.64 $4.32 $4.02 $4.00 $4.82 $4.16 $4.50 $4.64 $3.92 $3.96 $4.11 $4.36 $4.64 $4.88 $4.98 $4.98
Book Value/Share $25.98 $26.73 $26.39 $25.00 $25.49 $25.48 $26.53 $25.89 $26.54 $27.97 $28.92 $29.76 $31.74 $32.76 $33.05 $34.09 $37.50 $37.73 $38.05 $39.74 $40.39
Tangible Book/Share $8.80 $9.50 $9.15 $7.62 $8.00 $7.97 $10.43 $9.80 $10.35 $11.64 $12.59 $13.34 $15.27 $16.32 $16.64 $17.58 $20.97 $21.16 $21.41 $22.94 $22.94
Revenue/Share $13.59 $16.15 $15.93 $15.61 $15.57 $13.53 $14.30 $14.39 $14.50 $13.88 $13.54 $14.03 $14.18 $14.67 $14.91 $15.28 $15.72 $16.12 $16.29 $16.71 $16.83
FCF/Share $3.16 $3.56 $3.60 $3.52 $3.06 $2.49 $2.68 $2.91 $2.82 $2.87 $2.98 $3.17 $3.75 $4.34 $4.07 $3.96 $3.89 $3.86 $4.24 $4.89 $4.92
OCF/Share $3.55 $3.91 $3.96 $3.92 $3.50 $3.10 $3.29 $3.48 $3.53 $3.52 $3.60 $3.84 $4.32 $4.84 $4.57 $4.45 $4.39 $4.37 $4.69 $5.25 $5.29
Cash/Share $9.89 $10.71 $9.32 $6.55 $4.41 $7.04 $4.70 $1.73 $4.72 $5.32 $2.10 $1.91 $2.70 $9.49 $8.97 $10.29 $14.10 $15.55 $4.88 $6.48 $6.53
EBITDA/Share $5.85 $6.04 $6.11 $5.98 $5.73 $5.59 $6.27 $5.89 $5.88 $5.66 $4.94 $5.40 $5.55 $5.91 $5.96 $6.06 $6.28 $6.62 $7.03 $7.25 $7.25
Debt/Share $31.45 $30.49 $29.59 $29.07 $29.32 $29.01 $28.73 $32.15 $32.69 $30.47 $30.31 $30.40 $31.24 $31.86 $31.82 $31.69 $31.50 $31.13 $31.17 $32.82 $32.82
Net Debt/Share $21.56 $19.78 $20.27 $22.51 $24.91 $21.97 $24.03 $30.41 $27.97 $25.16 $28.21 $28.48 $28.53 $22.37 $22.84 $21.39 $17.39 $15.58 $26.29 $26.34 $26.34
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.672
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 2.952
Piotroski F-Score 6 6 6 7 6 5 6 4 2 4 4 6 6 8 7 8 7 8 6 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.15 -1.87 8.93 10.26 9.68 -1.51 -2.35 -2.29 -4.88 -3.10 -2.45 -2.54 -2.97 -2.38 -2.49 -2.50 -2.52 -2.49 -1.72 -2.32 -2.319
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -7.897
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 2.19%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-45.14
EVA snapshot only $-541987831.61
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB-
Credit Score 53.58 52.88 54.95 55.12 55.40 53.49 56.44 53.71 55.20 53.96 52.14 52.90 55.33 57.24 57.78 56.79 65.03 64.45 53.74 53.20 53.196
Credit Grade snapshot only 10
Credit Trend snapshot only -3.593
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 350.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 44
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 37

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