$8.49

+0.04 (+0.47%)

Weekly Expected Move ±0.9%

$8 $8 $8 $9 $9

NYSE · Real Estate · Real Estate - Services · Tech Score Buy · Power 64 · $2.9B mcap · 168M float · 0.622% daily turnover · Short 35% of daily vol

Credit Risk of going bust: lower than 60% of companies Debt: 54.9% of company value Bonds: $63.5M held by 142 funds, 272 bp over Treasuries → details ▾

If the stock fell to about $0.44 (down 95%), IHS Holding Limited would be worth roughly what it owes.
Total debt $3.49B against a stock market value of $2.87B.
Distance to default 6.18 (Merton model): prices to 2026-10-27, balance sheet 2026-06-30, debt counted $1.72B (short-term plus half of long-term), stock volatility 25.4%; Altman Z'' -2.00. A ranking and a back-test, not a forecast.
Bond figures are fund-reported marks (SEC N-PORT) as of Jul 2026. How these are computed.

Overview Chart Smart Money Financials Income Statement Cash Flow Balance Sheet Earnings

Analysis Technicals Weather Peers ESG Institutions ETF Exposure Dark Pool Short Interest

Edge Score

Quantitative competitive moat analysis scoring five pillars of durable advantage — cost leadership, brand intangibles, switching costs, network effects, and efficient scale — using industry percentile rankings on a 0–100 scale.

WEAK EDGE

51.0 / 100

NoneWeakNarrowWide

Primary source: Intangible Assets · ROIC: 19.8%

Cost Advantage

Intangibles

Switching Cost

Network Effect

Scale

The Edge Score quantifies a company's competitive moat using five pillars: Cost Advantage (20%, operating margin and SG&A efficiency vs industry peers), Intangible Assets (25%, gross margin premium, R&D intensity, brand pricing power), Switching Costs (25%, revenue stability, earnings consistency, customer retention proxied by operating leverage), Network Effects (15%, revenue growth with expanding margins, market share dominance), and Efficient Scale (15%, market concentration, ROIC sustainability). Each pillar is scored 0–100 using industry percentile rankings, then weighted into a composite. Wide ≥ 70, Narrow ≥ 55, Weak ≥ 40, None < 40. IHS shows a Weak competitive edge (51.0/100) — limited structural advantages that may face competitive pressure. The primary source of advantage is Intangible Assets. ROIC of 19.8% confirms the company is generating returns well above its cost of capital — a hallmark of durable competitive advantages.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets

Low

Avg Target

High

Based on 1 analyst ratings (12 mo)

Analyst Recommendations

Strong Buy: 0Buy: 10Hold: 9Sell: 2Strong Sell: 0

Rating Summary

ConsensusBuy

Avg Target$8.50

Analysts1

Price Target Change History

Date	Firm	Analyst	Old	New	Change	Upside @ Call	Stock@Call
2026-02-18	Williams Trading	Gregory Williams	$17	$8	-8	+4.9%	$8.10
2025-05-21	Williams Trading	Gregory Williams	Initiated	$17	—	+214.8%	$5.40
2024-08-28	Citigroup	Michael Rollins	Initiated	$5	—	+44.5%	$3.46
2024-08-26	RBC Capital	Jonathan Atkin	Initiated	$7	—	+95.3%	$3.58
2023-01-13	Barclays	—	$17	$13	-4	+79.7%	$7.24
2022-08-17	Goldman Sachs	—	Initiated	$15	—	+92.3%	$7.80
2022-08-17	Barclays	—	Initiated	$17	—	+117.9%	$7.80
2022-06-10	Tigress Financial	Ivan Feinseth	Initiated	$22	—	+109.3%	$10.51

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C+

Oct 27, 2026

DCF

ROE

ROA

D/E

P/E

P/B

The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. IHS receives an overall rating of C+. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROA (4/5). Areas of concern: ROE (1/5), D/E (1/5), P/E (2/5), P/B (1/5).

Rating Change History

Date	From	To
2026-10-12	B-	C+
2026-10-01	C+	B-
2026-09-29	C	C+
2026-08-14	C+	C
2026-08-10	C	C+
2026-07-25	C+	C
2026-04-01	C	C+
2026-03-17	B-	C
2026-01-03	C	B-

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 44 Grade B

Profitability

Balance Sheet

Earnings Quality

Growth

Value

Momentum

Safety

Cash Flow

The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. IHS scores highest in Momentum (79/100) and lowest in Safety (0/100). A grade of B indicates above-average fundamentals with room for improvement in select areas.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score

-0.45

Distress Zone

Piotroski F-Score

7/9

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗

Beneish M-Score

-3.78

Unlikely Manipulator

Ohlson O-Score

-6.58

Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%

Low Risk

Credit Rating

B-

Score: 20.0/100

Trend: Stable

Earnings Quality

75/100

OCF/NI: 5.47x

Accruals: -14.4%

The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. IHS scores -0.45, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. IHS scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. IHS's score of -3.78 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. IHS's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. IHS receives an estimated rating of B- (score: 20.0/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). IHS's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E

20.71x

PEG

1.01x

P/S

1.85x

P/B

-15.80x

P/FCF

5.29x

P/OCF

3.65x

EV/EBITDA

4.41x

EV/Revenue

3.38x

EV/EBIT

5.91x

EV/FCF

9.80x

Earnings Yield

5.01%

FCF Yield

18.90%

Shareholder Yield

0.00%

Graham Number

—

Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 20.7x earnings, IHS commands a growth premium. An earnings yield of 5.0% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden

0.204

NI / EBT

Interest Burden

0.784

EBT / EBIT

EBIT Margin

0.572

EBIT / Rev

Asset Turnover

0.351

Rev / Assets

Equity Multiplier

-19.558

Assets / Equity

ROE

-62.8%

The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. IHS's ROE of -62.8% is driven by EBIT Margin (0.572) as the dominant factor. A tax burden ratio of 0.20 suggests the company retains less than 60% of pre-tax earnings after taxes.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate

15.00%

Fair P/E

38.50x

Intrinsic Value

$15.90

Price/Value

0.52x

Margin of Safety

48.18%

Premium

-48.18%

Assessment

Neutral

Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with IHS's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. IHS trades at a -48% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $15.90, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 20.7x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1264 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price

$8.49

Median 1Y

$6.47

5th Pctile

$2.70

95th Pctile

$15.48

Ann. Volatility

51.8%

25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees

2,762

-3.6% YoY

Revenue / Employee

$572,773

Rev: $1,582,000,000

Profit / Employee

$51,991

NI: $143,600,000

SGA / Employee

$238,197

Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
ROE	-4.8%	-3.5%	-17.1%	-20.7%	-33.6%	-32.0%	-1.6%	-2.3%	-3.2%	-9.0%	-220.1%	21.7%	9.5%	12.3%	-29.1%	-1.5%	-40.7%	-68.3%	-62.8%	-62.81%
ROA	-1.3%	-1.0%	-3.6%	-4.2%	-7.5%	-7.3%	-25.5%	-30.2%	-34.3%	-64.3%	-47.3%	-46.6%	-33.9%	-1.0%	2.5%	10.1%	3.3%	4.1%	3.2%	3.21%
ROIC	1.7%	3.5%	4.9%	7.3%	5.4%	6.7%	8.6%	6.6%	10.4%	9.6%	9.9%	12.5%	15.6%	-67.2%	12.3%	17.7%	22.5%	21.3%	19.8%	19.76%
ROCE	-1.2%	0.8%	-0.9%	-1.0%	-4.2%	-3.5%	-26.4%	-25.0%	-29.2%	-72.8%	-43.5%	-42.6%	-76.9%	-30.6%	-25.3%	-23.3%	28.4%	28.5%	28.3%	28.33%
Gross Margin	43.6%	43.8%	42.1%	42.9%	36.2%	49.1%	45.6%	45.9%	54.2%	38.4%	52.5%	52.0%	48.0%	51.4%	51.3%	47.5%	62.0%	55.7%	48.3%	48.32%
Operating Margin	18.9%	24.3%	20.6%	25.7%	-4.6%	32.4%	27.0%	2.9%	31.7%	19.3%	34.0%	29.9%	48.5%	37.1%	33.8%	35.1%	61.4%	28.9%	19.3%	19.32%
Net Margin	-17.6%	3.7%	-37.8%	-5.9%	-48.4%	1.8%	-2.3%	-57.1%	-94.0%	-3.7%	-27.8%	-48.6%	56.3%	7.5%	8.2%	33.2%	-29.9%	18.2%	-2.1%	-2.05%
EBITDA Margin	10.4%	46.0%	5.9%	22.0%	-17.9%	40.4%	-1.8%	48.1%	-50.6%	-3.3%	24.3%	57.8%	-3.2%	62.1%	59.1%	62.2%	1.9%	61.5%	38.3%	38.29%
FCF Margin	7.5%	7.2%	8.0%	11.8%	17.7%	19.1%	18.0%	16.9%	12.0%	9.1%	11.5%	13.8%	26.9%	34.4%	41.3%	44.2%	37.9%	39.5%	34.5%	34.50%
OCF Margin	43.8%	38.3%	39.2%	43.6%	46.3%	47.0%	47.4%	45.5%	39.7%	35.3%	31.7%	30.0%	42.6%	49.3%	55.3%	58.5%	54.3%	55.5%	50.1%	50.05%
ROA 3Y Avg	snapshot only																			-15.86%
ROIC 3Y Avg	snapshot only																			-27.86%
ROIC Economic	snapshot only																			13.47%
Cash ROA	snapshot only																			17.83%
Cash ROIC	snapshot only																			34.79%
CROIC	snapshot only																			23.98%
NOPAT Margin	snapshot only																			28.43%
Pretax Margin	snapshot only																			44.87%
R&D / Revenue	snapshot only																			0.00%
SGA / Revenue	snapshot only																			20.17%
SBC / Revenue	snapshot only																			4.10%

Valuation

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
P/E Ratio	-61.30	-65.67	-14.99	-7.08	-4.58	-6.50	-2.12	-1.04	-0.76	-0.33	-0.44	-0.42	-0.60	-37.87	17.75	5.02	17.43	15.16	19.95	20.707
P/S Ratio	10.79	4.31	2.63	1.01	1.04	1.39	1.49	0.87	0.72	0.61	0.58	0.56	0.58	1.00	1.14	1.32	1.58	1.81	1.83	1.850
P/B Ratio	2.95	2.27	2.56	1.47	1.80	2.48	6.35	7.25	13.92	-3.01	-2.16	-2.12	-2.17	-4.90	-7.27	-17.21	-9.96	-14.61	-15.60	-15.805
P/FCF	143.33	59.60	32.72	8.54	5.87	7.28	8.25	5.12	6.01	6.64	5.04	4.07	2.14	2.90	2.75	3.00	4.18	4.59	5.29	5.291
P/OCF	24.65	11.27	6.71	2.32	2.25	2.95	3.14	1.90	1.81	1.72	1.84	1.87	1.35	2.02	2.06	2.26	2.91	3.26	3.65	3.647
EV/EBITDA	152.17	25.26	24.20	13.08	21.65	22.22	-9.61	-9.17	-6.94	-2.06	-3.71	-3.73	-1.78	-6.43	-8.28	-9.37	3.99	4.20	4.41	4.415
EV/Revenue	15.76	7.28	5.02	2.76	2.79	3.06	3.14	2.60	2.52	2.52	2.61	2.66	2.52	2.92	3.04	3.16	3.28	3.46	3.38	3.381
EV/EBIT	-115.67	154.30	-143.22	-102.92	-25.63	-34.79	-5.76	-5.17	-4.43	-1.76	-2.87	-2.90	-1.56	-4.51	-5.42	-5.97	5.56	5.68	5.91	5.908
EV/FCF	209.46	100.51	62.41	23.30	15.74	16.06	17.40	15.37	21.00	27.64	22.63	19.29	9.35	8.49	7.37	7.16	8.65	8.76	9.80	9.800
Earnings Yield	-1.6%	-1.5%	-6.7%	-14.1%	-21.8%	-15.4%	-47.2%	-95.9%	-1.3%	-3.0%	-2.3%	-2.4%	-1.7%	-2.6%	5.6%	19.9%	5.7%	6.6%	5.0%	5.01%
FCF Yield	0.7%	1.7%	3.1%	11.7%	17.0%	13.7%	12.1%	19.5%	16.7%	15.1%	19.8%	24.6%	46.7%	34.5%	36.4%	33.4%	23.9%	21.8%	18.9%	18.90%
PEG Ratio	snapshot only																			1.006
EV/OCF	snapshot only																			6.755
EV/Gross Profit	snapshot only																			6.467
Acquirers Multiple	snapshot only																			10.128
Shareholder Yield	snapshot only																			0.00%

Leverage & Solvency

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Current Ratio	1.72	1.25	0.99	0.89	0.99	1.13	0.93	0.92	0.80	0.94	1.25	1.15	1.33	1.27	1.54	1.60	2.08	2.01	1.93	1.926
Quick Ratio	1.67	1.21	0.94	0.84	0.93	1.08	0.90	0.88	0.76	0.89	1.20	1.11	1.29	1.21	1.47	1.54	2.05	1.97	1.89	1.888
Debt/Equity	1.96	1.87	2.74	2.95	3.49	3.43	7.89	16.18	37.44	-10.38	-8.45	-8.76	-8.58	-11.23	-14.16	-28.68	-13.97	-18.12	-19.21	-19.206
Net Debt/Equity	1.36	1.56	2.33	2.54	3.03	2.99	7.05	14.52	34.77	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Debt/Assets	0.54	0.52	0.58	0.60	0.62	0.62	0.71	0.75	0.77	0.88	0.92	0.91	0.91	0.90	0.85	0.83	0.78	0.75	0.80	0.800
Debt/EBITDA	69.33	12.33	13.57	9.65	15.62	13.92	-5.66	-6.81	-5.34	-1.71	-3.23	-3.26	-1.61	-5.03	-6.02	-6.54	2.70	2.73	2.93	2.934
Net Debt/EBITDA	48.04	10.28	11.51	8.29	13.58	12.15	-5.06	-6.11	-4.96	-1.57	-2.89	-2.95	-1.37	-4.23	-5.19	-5.45	2.07	2.00	2.03	2.031
Interest Coverage	-0.88	0.32	-0.23	-0.17	-0.67	-0.52	-3.02	-1.86	-2.04	-4.62	-2.81	-2.43	-6.21	-2.50	-2.12	-4.80	2.71	3.05	3.19	3.188
Equity Multiplier	3.65	3.60	4.69	4.89	5.58	5.48	11.05	21.67	48.84	-11.81	-9.22	-9.68	-9.41	-12.54	-16.58	-34.49	-17.87	-24.14	-24.00	-23.996
Cash Ratio	snapshot only																			0.878
Debt Service Coverage	snapshot only																			4.266
Cash to Debt	snapshot only																			0.308
FCF to Debt	snapshot only																			0.154
Defensive Interval	snapshot only																			1571.8 days

Efficiency & Turnover

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Asset Turnover	0.07	0.15	0.21	0.30	0.33	0.34	0.36	0.36	0.36	0.35	0.36	0.35	0.35	0.38	0.38	0.38	0.36	0.34	0.35	0.351
Inventory Turnover	5.58	12.24	12.26	15.03	19.86	22.88	26.24	18.28	18.99	19.63	28.72	19.50	25.05	20.19	23.55	24.53	20.87	17.11	17.33	17.335
Receivables Turnover	1.87	3.25	4.71	7.18	4.43	8.54	9.22	9.85	4.85	8.32	7.51	5.96	7.90	6.65	5.73	5.86	9.63	7.88	7.40	7.403
Payables Turnover	0.68	1.32	1.74	2.81	2.94	2.93	3.18	3.26	2.82	2.98	3.44	2.38	3.17	2.67	3.06	2.98	3.99	2.51	2.81	2.808
DSO	196	112	77	51	82	43	40	37	75	44	49	61	46	55	64	62	38	46	49	49.3 days
DIO	65	30	30	24	18	16	14	20	19	19	13	19	15	18	16	15	17	21	21	21.1 days
DPO	534	276	209	130	124	125	115	112	130	122	106	154	115	137	119	122	92	145	130	130.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle	-273	-134	-102	-55	-23	-66	-61	-55	-35	-60	-45	-74	-54	-64	-40	-45	-36	-78	-60	-59.6 days
Fixed Asset Turnover	snapshot only																			1.318
Operating Cycle	snapshot only																			70.4 days
Cash Velocity	snapshot only																			1.447
Capital Intensity	snapshot only																			2.807

Growth (YoY)

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Revenue	—	—	—	—	3.7%	1.5%	65.2%	15.7%	8.4%	-8.4%	-16.7%	-16.7%	-19.5%	-10.7%	-5.4%	-1.0%	-7.6%	-10.1%	-10.3%	-10.28%
Net Income	—	—	—	—	-5.1%	-7.0%	-5.6%	-5.7%	-3.5%	-6.9%	-57.0%	-32.6%	18.5%	98.7%	1.0%	1.2%	1.1%	5.1%	28.2%	28.17%
EPS	—	—	—	—	-4.8%	-7.0%	-5.6%	-5.8%	-3.5%	-7.0%	-57.5%	-32.4%	19.7%	98.7%	1.0%	1.2%	1.1%	4.9%	31.9%	31.87%
FCF	—	—	—	—	10.1%	5.5%	2.7%	65.3%	-26.8%	-56.2%	-46.6%	-32.1%	81.0%	2.4%	2.4%	2.2%	30.0%	3.2%	-25.1%	-25.12%
EBITDA	—	—	—	—	4.9%	17.5%	-3.6%	-2.6%	-4.0%	-9.1%	-79.7%	-1.1%	-2.1%	66.9%	50.6%	53.1%	1.5%	2.6%	2.9%	2.87%
Op. Income	—	—	—	—	3.0%	1.1%	59.5%	-20.4%	64.5%	0.5%	-10.7%	55.3%	9.5%	61.0%	60.3%	32.1%	10.3%	-10.3%	-19.9%	-19.92%
OCF Growth	snapshot only																			-18.75%
Asset Growth	snapshot only																			-2.89%
Debt Growth	snapshot only																			-8.99%
Shares Change	snapshot only																			-2.81%

Growth (CAGR)

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Revenue 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	60.3%	26.2%	9.2%	-1.6%	-6.9%	-9.7%	-10.9%	-10.91%
Revenue 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
EPS 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
EPS 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Net Income 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Net Income 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
EBITDA 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	72.5%	63.8%	—	—
EBITDA 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Gross Profit 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	65.2%	32.8%	15.2%	3.1%	0.6%	-3.0%	-5.4%	-5.40%
Gross Profit 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Op. Income 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	93.2%	51.4%	31.6%	17.7%	25.7%	13.2%	4.6%	4.64%
Op. Income 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
FCF 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.5%	1.1%	88.4%	52.7%	19.9%	15.1%	10.6%	10.59%
FCF 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
OCF 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	58.9%	37.3%	22.4%	8.6%	-1.8%	-4.5%	-9.3%	-9.29%
OCF 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Assets 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	-8.3%	-9.2%	-11.2%	-9.1%	-10.8%	-10.4%	-8.5%	-8.46%
Assets 5Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Equity 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Book Value 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dividend 3Y	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Growth Quality

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Revenue Stability	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.82	0.63	0.33	0.03	0.45	0.32	0.09	0.21	0.67	1.00	0.93	0.933
Earnings Stability	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.89	0.83	0.99	0.94	0.76	0.05	0.00	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.11	0.111
Margin Stability	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.91	0.96	0.94	0.92	0.92	0.92	0.92	0.93	0.90	0.90	0.92	0.923
Rev. Growth Consistency	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.000
FCF Positive Streak	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Earnings Persistence	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.87	0.93	0.50	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.50	0.500
Earnings Smoothness	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.75	0.753
ROE Trend	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	-18.01	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Gross Margin Trend	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.06	0.03	0.05	0.06	0.03	0.06	0.05	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.029
FCF Margin Trend	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	-0.01	-0.04	-0.01	-0.01	0.12	0.20	0.27	0.29	0.18	0.18	0.08	0.081
Sustainable Growth Rate	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Internal Growth Rate	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.5%	11.2%	3.4%	4.3%	3.3%	3.32%

Cash Flow Quality

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
OCF/Net Income	-2.49	-5.83	-2.23	-3.06	-2.04	-2.20	-0.68	-0.55	-0.42	-0.19	-0.24	-0.23	-0.45	-18.71	8.63	2.22	5.99	4.64	5.47	5.471
FCF/OCF	0.17	0.19	0.21	0.27	0.38	0.41	0.38	0.37	0.30	0.26	0.36	0.46	0.63	0.70	0.75	0.75	0.70	0.71	0.69	0.689
FCF/Net Income	snapshot only																			3.771
OCF/EBITDA	snapshot only																			0.654
CapEx/Revenue	36.2%	31.1%	31.2%	31.8%	28.5%	27.9%	29.4%	28.6%	27.7%	26.2%	20.2%	16.2%	15.7%	14.9%	13.9%	14.4%	16.5%	16.1%	15.6%	15.55%
CapEx/Depreciation	snapshot only																			0.804
Accruals Ratio	-0.05	-0.07	-0.12	-0.17	-0.23	-0.23	-0.43	-0.47	-0.49	-0.77	-0.59	-0.57	-0.49	-0.20	-0.19	-0.12	-0.16	-0.15	-0.14	-0.144
Sloan Accruals	snapshot only																			0.110
Cash Flow Adequacy	snapshot only																			3.218
Earnings Quality Score	snapshot only																			0.750

Dividends & Buybacks

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Dividend Yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
Dividend/Share	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00
Payout Ratio	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
FCF Payout Ratio	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
Total Payout Ratio	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
Div. Increase Streak	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Chowder Number	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Buyback Yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.3%	0.7%	0.9%	0.9%	0.4%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
Net Buyback Yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.3%	0.7%	0.9%	0.9%	0.4%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%
Total Shareholder Return	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.3%	0.7%	0.9%	0.9%	0.4%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.00%

DuPont Factors

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT)	0.60	0.63	0.93	0.76	0.82	0.82	0.96	1.01	1.05	1.02	1.02	1.02	1.01	-2.50	0.64	0.83	0.21	0.25	0.20	0.204
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT)	2.15	-2.23	5.41	6.97	2.55	2.97	1.34	1.64	1.58	1.25	1.42	1.41	0.58	-0.02	-0.18	-0.60	0.74	0.78	0.78	0.784
EBIT Margin	-0.14	0.05	-0.04	-0.03	-0.11	-0.09	-0.54	-0.50	-0.57	-1.43	-0.91	-0.92	-1.61	-0.65	-0.56	-0.53	0.59	0.61	0.57	0.572
Asset Turnover	0.07	0.15	0.21	0.30	0.33	0.34	0.36	0.36	0.36	0.35	0.36	0.35	0.35	0.38	0.38	0.38	0.36	0.34	0.35	0.351
Equity Multiplier	3.65	3.60	4.69	4.89	4.47	4.39	6.43	7.70	9.40	13.98	464.88	-46.63	-27.97	-12.15	-11.83	-15.22	-12.42	-16.65	-19.56	-19.558

Per Share

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
EPS (Diluted TTM)	$-0.23	$-0.17	$-0.70	$-0.79	$-1.34	$-1.35	$-4.61	$-5.32	$-6.02	$-10.72	$-7.27	$-7.04	$-4.83	$-0.14	$0.31	$1.36	$0.43	$0.54	$0.41	$0.41
Book Value/Share	$4.78	$4.88	$4.07	$3.80	$3.41	$3.53	$1.54	$0.77	$0.33	$-1.17	$-1.48	$-1.41	$-1.35	$-1.06	$-0.76	$-0.40	$-0.75	$-0.56	$-0.53	$-0.54
Tangible Book/Share	$-0.33	$-1.20	$-2.38	$-2.40	$-2.05	$-1.86	$-3.36	$-3.87	$-4.34	$-5.17	$-5.22	$-5.15	$-4.54	$-4.43	$-4.00	$-3.75	$-2.39	$-2.17	$-2.15	$-2.15
Revenue/Share	$1.31	$2.57	$3.97	$5.52	$5.91	$6.32	$6.57	$6.41	$6.39	$5.83	$5.49	$5.33	$5.07	$5.24	$4.89	$5.15	$4.72	$4.54	$4.51	$4.59
FCF/Share	$0.10	$0.19	$0.32	$0.65	$1.05	$1.20	$1.19	$1.08	$0.77	$0.53	$0.63	$0.73	$1.37	$1.80	$2.02	$2.28	$1.79	$1.79	$1.56	$1.58
OCF/Share	$0.57	$0.98	$1.56	$2.41	$2.73	$2.97	$3.12	$2.92	$2.54	$2.06	$1.74	$1.60	$2.16	$2.58	$2.70	$3.02	$2.56	$2.52	$2.26	$2.30
Cash/Share	$2.88	$1.52	$1.69	$1.58	$1.55	$1.54	$1.30	$1.27	$0.88	$1.00	$1.34	$1.19	$1.71	$1.90	$1.50	$1.89	$2.46	$2.74	$3.12	$3.17
EBITDA/Share	$0.14	$0.74	$0.82	$1.16	$0.76	$0.87	$-2.15	$-1.82	$-2.32	$-7.14	$-3.87	$-3.79	$-7.17	$-2.38	$-1.80	$-1.74	$3.87	$3.73	$3.46	$3.46
Debt/Share	$9.39	$9.12	$11.16	$11.23	$11.90	$12.11	$12.15	$12.38	$12.37	$12.18	$12.50	$12.37	$11.55	$11.96	$10.83	$11.36	$10.46	$10.21	$10.14	$10.14
Net Debt/Share	$6.51	$7.60	$9.47	$9.65	$10.35	$10.57	$10.85	$11.11	$11.49	$11.17	$11.16	$11.18	$9.84	$10.06	$9.33	$9.47	$8.00	$7.47	$7.02	$7.02

Academic Models

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Altman Z-Score	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	-0.447
Altman Z-Prime	snapshot only																			-1.306
Piotroski F-Score	3	3	3	3	3	5	5	6	4	4	5	4	4	6	6	6	8	7	7	7
Beneish M-Score	—	—	—	—	-2.88	-3.37	-4.84	-5.08	-5.34	-7.49	-6.12	-5.88	-5.34	-3.60	-3.51	-3.41	-3.56	-3.82	-3.78	-3.783
Ohlson O-Score	snapshot only																			-6.578
Net-Net WC	snapshot only																			$-6.36
EVA	snapshot only																			$218023762.38

Credit

Metric	Q4'21	Q1'22	Q2'22	Q3'22	Q4'22	Q1'23	Q2'23	Q3'23	Q4'23	Q1'24	Q2'24	Q3'24	Q4'24	Q1'25	Q2'25	Q3'25	Q4'25	Q1'26	Q2'26	Current
Credit Rating	snapshot only																			B-
Credit Score	19.93	20.94	9.50	10.73	9.40	11.80	18.09	17.50	14.36	20.00	20.00	20.00	20.00	20.00	20.00	20.00	20.00	20.00	20.00	20.000
Credit Grade	snapshot only																			16
Credit Trend	snapshot only																			0.000
Implied Spread (bps)	snapshot only																			900.000
Industry Credit Rank	snapshot only																			41
Sector Credit Rank	snapshot only																			54

IHS NYSE

Edge Score

Analyst Insights

Financial Rating

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Risk & Quality Signals

Valuation

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Profitability Trends

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Earnings Stability

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Workforce & Productivity

Scaling Efficiency

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