— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: IRDEF (OTC) · $vol 0M · IRDEY (OTC) · $vol 0M

IRE.MI MIL

Iren S.p.A.
1W: -3.2% 1M: -0.8% 3M: -6.2% YTD: -14.0% 1Y: -8.8% 3Y: +42.0% 5Y: +13.7%
€2.40 ($2.70)
+0.01 (+0.25%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±2.6%
€2 €2 €2 €2 €3
MIL · Utilities · Diversified Utilities · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 32 · €3.1B mcap · 497M float · 0.302% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
3
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
4
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. IRE.MI receives an overall rating of B. Strongest factors: ROA (4/5), P/E (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-09-24 B+ B
2026-08-21 A- B+
2026-08-04 C A-
2026-08-03 B+ C
2026-05-19 A- B+
2026-05-18 C+ A-
2026-05-14 A- C+
2026-04-24 B+ A-
2026-04-07 None ADDED
2026-04-07 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 28 Grade C
Profitability
19
Balance Sheet
36
Earnings Quality
63
Growth
29
Value
85
Momentum
62
Safety
15
Cash Flow
29
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. IRE.MI scores highest in Value (85/100) and lowest in Safety (15/100). A grade of C represents mixed fundamentals — strengths in some areas offset by weaknesses.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
0.87
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
1.01
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.72
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BB
Score: 42.5/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 3.55x
Accruals: -6.2%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. IRE.MI scores 0.87, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. IRE.MI scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. IRE.MI's score of 1.01 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. IRE.MI's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. IRE.MI receives an estimated rating of BB (score: 42.5/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). IRE.MI's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
10.38x
PEG
-2.49x
P/S
0.51x
P/B
0.90x
P/FCF
26.73x
P/OCF
3.04x
EV/EBITDA
6.05x
EV/Revenue
1.27x
EV/EBIT
14.25x
EV/FCF
63.52x
Earnings Yield
9.27%
FCF Yield
3.74%
Shareholder Yield
12.39%
Graham Number
$3.70
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 10.4x earnings, IRE.MI trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 9.3% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $3.70 per share, suggesting a potential 55% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.687
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.808
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.089
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.490
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
3.631
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
8.8%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. IRE.MI's ROE of 8.8% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 3.63x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
6.14%
Fair P/E
20.79x
Intrinsic Value
$4.78
Price/Value
0.52x
Margin of Safety
48.10%
Premium
-48.10%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with IRE.MI's realized 6.1% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. IRE.MI trades at a -48% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $4.78, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 20.8x compares to the current market P/E of 10.4x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$2.40
Median 1Y
$2.41
5th Pctile
$1.53
95th Pctile
$3.80
Ann. Volatility
28.9%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 13.3% 12.2% 11.5% 10.1% 8.6% 9.3% 9.5% 9.3% 9.9% 9.2% 8.3% 9.2% 9.6% 9.4% 8.8% 10.0% 9.5% 10.3% 8.4% 8.8% 8.82%
ROA 3.5% 3.0% 2.9% 2.5% 2.1% 2.2% 2.4% 2.3% 2.4% 2.2% 2.0% 2.2% 2.3% 2.2% 2.2% 2.5% 2.4% 2.5% 2.3% 2.4% 2.43%
ROIC 6.7% 6.1% 6.2% 4.9% 4.3% 15.8% 5.2% 12.6% 5.2% 11.4% 4.7% 11.7% 5.2% 11.4% 4.9% 4.8% 5.0% 4.9% 4.7% 4.8% 4.76%
ROCE 6.2% 6.2% 6.4% 6.3% 5.4% 5.3% 5.1% 5.1% 5.4% 5.8% 5.5% 6.0% 6.2% 6.4% 6.1% 6.5% 6.3% 5.9% 5.5% 5.6% 5.56%
Gross Margin 24.6% 25.5% 22.3% 23.7% 13.5% 20.9% 24.5% 33.6% 26.0% 9.1% 14.9% 39.8% 29.3% 29.3% 52.5% 26.3% 1.2% 7.6% 12.6% 3.3% 3.34%
Operating Margin 8.5% 6.2% 10.5% 3.7% 3.2% 6.2% 10.7% 3.2% 5.7% 7.7% 13.8% 6.1% 6.9% 7.5% 10.9% 7.5% 6.0% 7.7% 11.9% 8.0% 8.03%
Net Margin 4.8% 3.3% 5.5% 1.7% 0.8% 4.0% 6.9% 0.7% 2.5% 4.3% 7.9% 2.1% 3.4% 4.0% 6.6% 3.5% 2.8% 4.9% 7.2% 4.0% 4.00%
EBITDA Margin 22.2% 12.4% 16.2% 11.9% 10.1% 11.3% 18.3% 16.3% 17.9% 16.7% 24.9% 22.8% 18.9% 17.8% 20.2% 20.8% 21.5% 19.0% 22.1% 21.6% 21.63%
FCF Margin 6.2% 3.9% 3.3% 0.3% -4.6% 2.4% -2.7% -1.3% 3.3% -3.0% 2.3% 4.7% 5.5% 4.3% 6.8% 3.7% 2.2% 1.9% 0.2% 2.0% 2.00%
OCF Margin 23.7% 19.4% 16.3% 12.7% 6.8% 14.0% 9.8% 11.4% 16.5% 10.8% 16.6% 19.5% 20.5% 18.3% 19.9% 16.7% 15.7% 16.5% 15.6% 17.6% 17.63%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 9.01%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 9.18%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 2.36%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 3.45%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 4.64%
Cash ROA snapshot only 8.69%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 13.47%
CROIC snapshot only 1.53%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 6.23%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 7.22%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 2.55%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 8.10 8.94 8.16 8.41 6.64 6.44 7.24 7.91 7.88 8.91 9.01 8.68 9.20 8.75 10.19 10.95 11.44 10.93 10.81 10.79 10.377
P/S Ratio 0.62 0.55 0.41 0.32 0.20 0.21 0.25 0.27 0.31 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.42 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.54 0.510
P/B Ratio 1.02 1.05 0.91 0.84 0.58 0.58 0.66 0.71 0.75 0.81 0.74 0.79 0.88 0.82 0.83 1.01 1.00 1.11 0.89 0.94 0.904
P/FCF 10.11 14.05 12.45 98.63 -4.27 8.58 -9.28 -20.81 9.41 -12.19 16.06 8.11 7.71 9.28 6.59 13.69 23.72 27.09 280.72 26.73 26.728
P/OCF 2.63 2.85 2.52 2.54 2.89 1.47 2.58 2.37 1.88 3.34 2.23 1.97 2.07 2.17 2.24 2.99 3.29 3.14 3.37 3.04 3.035
EV/EBITDA 5.92 6.32 5.60 5.99 5.77 0.94 5.92 1.95 5.94 2.27 5.63 2.09 5.59 2.13 5.53 6.34 5.99 6.35 5.99 6.05 6.048
EV/Revenue 1.35 1.23 0.93 0.90 0.74 0.12 0.77 0.27 0.92 0.39 1.07 0.43 1.15 0.44 1.09 1.23 1.19 1.29 1.25 1.27 1.272
EV/EBIT 11.64 12.64 11.00 12.15 12.44 1.98 12.91 4.35 13.03 5.05 12.51 4.54 12.08 4.55 11.82 13.41 13.00 14.36 14.07 14.25 14.246
EV/FCF 21.89 31.35 28.19 274.19 -16.05 4.90 -28.12 -20.52 27.86 -13.36 46.40 8.95 20.87 10.42 16.05 33.55 54.76 67.21 668.61 63.52 63.524
Earnings Yield 12.4% 11.2% 12.3% 11.9% 15.1% 15.5% 13.8% 12.6% 12.7% 11.2% 11.1% 11.5% 10.9% 11.4% 9.8% 9.1% 8.7% 9.1% 9.3% 9.3% 9.27%
FCF Yield 9.9% 7.1% 8.0% 1.0% -23.4% 11.7% -10.8% -4.8% 10.6% -8.2% 6.2% 12.3% 13.0% 10.8% 15.2% 7.3% 4.2% 3.7% 0.4% 3.7% 3.74%
EV/OCF snapshot only 7.214
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 4.023
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 14.671
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 12.39%
Graham Number snapshot only $3.70
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.22 1.00 0.96 0.92 0.99 1.05 1.08 0.99 1.00 0.83 1.02 0.94 0.90 0.89 0.97 0.87 0.85 0.90 0.93 0.87 0.866
Quick Ratio 1.14 0.95 0.94 0.85 0.85 1.01 1.05 0.96 0.97 0.81 1.00 0.91 0.87 0.86 0.95 0.85 0.81 0.86 0.91 0.87 0.866
Debt/Equity 1.50 1.53 1.49 1.67 1.90 0.04 1.57 0.07 1.62 0.23 1.80 0.29 2.00 0.21 1.56 1.52 1.37 1.72 1.32 1.38 1.382
Net Debt/Equity 1.19 1.30 1.15 1.49 1.59 -0.25 1.35 -0.01 1.46 0.08 1.39 0.08 1.50 0.10 1.20 1.46 1.31 1.64 1.22 1.29 1.288
Debt/Assets 0.40 0.38 0.37 0.40 0.42 0.01 0.40 0.02 0.41 0.06 0.43 0.07 0.46 0.05 0.41 0.41 0.39 0.42 0.38 0.39 0.389
Debt/EBITDA 4.01 4.12 4.05 4.32 5.05 0.11 4.62 0.19 4.35 0.60 4.77 0.68 4.70 0.50 4.23 3.90 3.55 3.97 3.74 3.76 3.757
Net Debt/EBITDA 3.19 3.49 3.13 3.84 4.23 -0.70 3.97 -0.03 3.93 0.20 3.68 0.20 3.53 0.23 3.26 3.75 3.39 3.79 3.47 3.50 3.503
Interest Coverage 4.98 6.71 7.50 8.47 7.18 7.41 6.31 5.09 5.19 4.28 4.04 3.96 4.46 3.54 3.53 3.59 3.18 3.70 3.73 3.92 3.915
Equity Multiplier 3.71 4.01 4.03 4.20 4.49 4.27 3.95 3.96 3.91 4.16 4.17 4.27 4.38 4.25 3.81 3.72 3.47 4.09 3.48 3.55 3.547
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.126
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 9.221
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.068
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.025
Defensive Interval snapshot only 486.4 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.45 0.49 0.58 0.65 0.71 0.70 0.68 0.67 0.60 0.54 0.50 0.51 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.55 0.54 0.52 0.47 0.49 0.490
Inventory Turnover 26.63 37.78 77.36 36.51 21.45 49.33 86.54 42.50 20.20 46.06 59.57 56.92 53.30 54.48 52.26 53.69 35.92 39.64 53.94 113.72 113.722
Receivables Turnover 5.51 4.91 4.73 6.50 6.77 5.70 4.91 5.67 5.00 4.31 3.92 4.68 4.86 4.30 4.33 5.64 5.62 4.45 3.95 4.79 4.790
Payables Turnover 3.15 3.13 3.25 4.19 4.09 3.59 3.45 4.36 3.14 2.80 2.95 4.32 3.40 2.61 2.36 3.39 2.17 1.92 2.09 2.84 2.835
DSO 66 74 77 56 54 64 74 64 73 85 93 78 75 85 84 65 65 82 92 76 76.2 days
DIO 14 10 5 10 17 7 4 9 18 8 6 6 7 7 7 7 10 9 7 3 3.2 days
DPO 116 116 112 87 89 102 106 84 116 130 124 85 107 140 155 108 168 190 175 129 128.7 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -36 -32 -30 -21 -18 -30 -27 -11 -25 -38 -24 -0 -25 -48 -64 -36 -93 -99 -76 -49 -49.3 days
Operating Cycle snapshot only 79.4 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 18.747
Capital Intensity snapshot only 2.029
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 14.2% 33.3% 59.7% 69.0% 76.6% 57.9% 26.7% 9.6% -9.4% -18.7% -22.2% -19.6% -12.5% -5.9% 9.6% 15.8% 11.6% 6.8% -6.1% -10.3% -10.29%
Net Income 62.8% 28.8% 10.4% -14.3% -31.9% -18.5% -12.0% -2.6% 20.5% 3.3% -8.4% 4.2% 2.0% 5.3% 16.5% 19.4% 9.0% 11.9% 4.1% -2.6% -2.65%
EPS 63.5% 29.0% 10.4% -14.3% -31.9% -18.5% -12.0% -2.6% 20.5% 3.3% -8.4% 4.2% 2.0% 5.3% 16.5% 19.4% 9.0% 11.9% 2.7% -3.9% -3.89%
FCF 8.0% 41.3% -22.3% -91.6% -2.3% -3.7% -2.0% -5.3% 1.6% -2.0% 1.7% 3.9% 45.3% 2.4% 2.2% -10.9% -55.9% -52.1% -97.4% -50.9% -50.87%
EBITDA 14.6% 10.3% 6.9% 7.0% -0.5% 1.4% -1.3% -0.0% 9.5% 12.9% 14.4% 19.1% 15.5% 12.9% 13.1% 10.4% 8.1% 4.0% -0.2% -2.6% -2.56%
Op. Income 16.0% 9.2% 9.1% 11.7% -0.5% 6.0% -6.0% -8.1% 1.0% -3.5% 0.4% 11.3% 11.8% 11.9% 13.4% 13.8% 4.6% 2.0% -2.4% -7.7% -7.65%
OCF Growth snapshot only -5.47%
Asset Growth snapshot only -1.34%
Equity Growth snapshot only 3.39%
Debt Growth snapshot only -6.22%
Shares Change snapshot only 1.29%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -43.70%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 2.7% 7.0% 12.1% 15.1% 18.5% 22.3% 23.2% 23.5% 22.2% 19.6% 16.3% 14.2% 11.8% 6.5% 2.6% 0.7% -4.0% -6.5% -7.1% -5.8% -5.82%
Revenue 5Y 6.4% 8.7% 11.9% 13.4% 15.5% 16.0% 15.5% 13.6% 11.6% 9.5% 6.8% 6.1% 5.7% 7.0% 9.8% 11.9% 12.2% 11.5% 10.1% 9.1% 9.13%
EPS 3Y 3.6% 8.2% 8.4% 7.7% 4.3% 1.8% 6.6% 4.3% 10.3% 2.8% -3.8% -4.5% -5.8% -3.9% -2.1% 6.6% 10.2% 6.8% 3.1% 6.1% 6.14%
EPS 5Y 15.6% 9.9% 8.2% 3.4% -2.1% -0.3% 1.8% -2.2% -1.8% 1.3% 0.5% 4.9% 6.9% 2.8% 5.3% 7.2% 8.3% 5.1% 1.3% -0.0% -0.04%
Net Income 3Y 3.1% 7.7% 7.9% 7.2% 3.8% 1.4% 6.2% 4.1% 10.1% 2.7% -3.8% -4.5% -5.8% -3.9% -2.1% 6.6% 10.2% 6.8% 3.6% 6.6% 6.60%
Net Income 5Y 17.5% 11.7% 8.3% 4.8% -0.7% 0.8% 1.9% -2.5% -2.1% 1.0% 0.3% 4.6% 6.6% 2.6% 5.1% 7.0% 8.2% 5.0% 1.5% 0.2% 0.21%
EBITDA 3Y 1.8% 2.3% 3.3% 5.2% 3.5% 3.7% 4.8% 5.2% 7.7% 8.1% 6.4% 8.4% 7.9% 8.9% 8.5% 9.6% 11.0% 9.8% 8.9% 8.6% 8.62%
EBITDA 5Y 5.2% 4.2% 4.1% 3.6% 1.6% 3.4% 3.5% 2.2% 2.8% 4.2% 4.5% 6.8% 7.0% 7.3% 8.3% 8.9% 9.3% 8.2% 6.4% 6.5% 6.53%
Gross Profit 3Y 5.3% 3.4% 4.0% 3.5% 1.7% 3.6% 3.4% 4.5% 7.1% -0.3% -7.6% -7.5% -7.2% 1.9% 15.4% 15.2% 30.5% 25.4% 12.5% 6.2% 6.18%
Gross Profit 5Y 5.3% 4.6% 4.8% 4.4% 4.4% 4.1% 4.4% 3.6% 4.8% -0.0% -4.5% -3.6% -3.6% 3.1% 12.0% 11.5% 20.4% 16.9% 8.9% 5.0% 5.03%
Op. Income 3Y -2.0% -5.1% -1.9% 0.9% -0.3% 2.1% 3.0% 1.6% 5.2% 3.8% 1.0% 4.5% 3.9% 4.6% 2.3% 5.2% 5.7% 3.3% 3.6% 5.3% 5.34%
Op. Income 5Y 4.0% 1.2% 2.1% 1.9% -0.9% 2.7% 1.9% -1.3% -1.1% -2.6% -2.3% 1.0% 2.3% 2.8% 4.5% 5.8% 6.4% 5.0% 2.6% 3.7% 3.72%
FCF 3Y -10.0% -16.5% -20.1% -60.2% — -2.6% — — 97.7% — -18.8% 2.3% 7.6% 9.5% 30.4% 1.2% — -13.2% — — —
FCF 5Y 2.2% -10.5% -12.0% -42.8% — -9.3% — — -9.0% — -18.9% -4.3% 3.4% 4.7% 90.9% — 37.7% -2.3% -46.3% -14.1% -14.05%
OCF 3Y 7.6% 6.9% 4.6% 0.6% -12.6% 14.3% 8.2% 15.2% 20.0% -6.1% 1.6% 5.4% 6.5% 4.5% 9.7% 10.3% 26.5% -1.1% 8.3% 8.9% 8.92%
OCF 5Y 15.0% 9.4% 8.5% 6.0% -5.1% 10.4% 2.5% 1.6% 6.8% -2.6% 2.8% 6.6% 9.7% 8.4% 17.0% 15.9% 9.8% 5.0% 0.2% 1.9% 1.89%
Assets 3Y 3.7% 6.4% 7.0% 8.5% 10.8% 10.0% 8.3% 9.0% 6.8% 6.9% 8.1% 8.4% 9.2% 5.8% 6.4% 5.0% 1.0% 1.2% 3.1% 3.7% 3.68%
Assets 5Y 5.1% 5.7% 6.6% 6.8% 8.3% 8.2% 7.0% 6.4% 5.1% 6.4% 6.8% 7.4% 8.1% 6.8% 7.9% 7.9% 5.4% 4.9% 5.0% 5.3% 5.34%
Equity 3Y 5.4% 5.6% 6.1% 5.2% 4.3% 6.3% 6.8% 6.6% 6.6% 5.5% 5.6% 4.2% 3.3% 3.8% 8.4% 9.3% 10.0% 2.6% 7.6% 7.6% 7.60%
Book Value 3Y 5.9% 6.0% 6.6% 5.7% 4.8% 6.6% 7.1% 6.8% 6.8% 5.5% 5.6% 4.2% 3.3% 3.8% 8.4% 9.3% 10.0% 2.6% 7.1% 7.1% 7.14%
Dividend 3Y 0.5% 0.6% -0.4% -44.1% 2.2% 2.2% 1.7% 1.3% 4.1% 3.9% 4.0% -50.5% 2.3% 2.4% 2.6% 1.1% -2.1% -2.1% -1.3% -17.4% -17.43%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.48 0.62 0.51 0.49 0.48 0.58 0.70 0.69 0.63 0.59 0.51 0.47 0.38 0.38 0.46 0.50 0.36 0.26 0.28 0.35 0.354
Earnings Stability 0.32 0.68 0.73 0.19 0.00 0.22 0.44 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.11 0.25 0.25 0.12 0.12 0.27 0.18 0.19 0.01 0.14 0.139
Margin Stability 0.94 0.91 0.87 0.83 0.80 0.78 0.77 0.76 0.76 0.73 0.70 0.72 0.74 0.79 0.70 0.72 0.56 0.62 0.68 0.73 0.728
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.88 0.96 0.94 0.87 0.93 0.95 0.99 0.92 0.99 0.97 0.98 0.99 0.98 0.93 0.92 0.96 0.95 0.98 0.99 0.989
Earnings Smoothness 0.52 0.75 0.90 0.85 0.62 0.80 0.87 0.97 0.81 0.97 0.91 0.96 0.98 0.95 0.85 0.82 0.91 0.89 0.96 0.97 0.973
ROE Trend 0.04 0.02 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.005
Gross Margin Trend 0.02 -0.04 -0.10 -0.13 -0.16 -0.15 -0.12 -0.09 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 0.06 0.18 0.15 0.30 0.24 0.08 0.04 0.036
FCF Margin Trend 0.03 -0.00 -0.00 -0.02 -0.08 -0.01 -0.08 -0.05 0.03 -0.06 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.02 -0.02 0.01 -0.04 -0.02 -0.022
Sustainable Growth Rate 7.1% 6.2% 5.8% 9.0% 2.5% 3.4% 3.9% -2.4% 3.3% 2.8% 2.3% 7.9% 2.9% 2.8% 2.9% -0.7% 3.8% 4.2% 3.1% 3.3% 3.27%
Internal Growth Rate 1.9% 1.6% 1.5% 2.3% 0.6% 0.8% 1.0% — 0.8% 0.7% 0.6% 1.9% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% — 1.0% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 0.91%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 3.08 3.14 3.24 3.31 2.30 4.39 2.81 3.33 4.19 2.67 4.04 4.40 4.44 4.03 4.56 3.66 3.48 3.48 3.21 3.55 3.555
FCF/OCF 0.26 0.20 0.20 0.03 -0.68 0.17 -0.28 -0.11 0.20 -0.27 0.14 0.24 0.27 0.23 0.34 0.22 0.14 0.12 0.01 0.11 0.114
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.404
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.838
CapEx/Revenue 17.6% 15.4% 13.0% 12.4% 11.5% 11.6% 12.5% 12.7% 13.2% 13.8% 14.3% 14.8% 15.0% 14.0% 13.2% 13.1% 13.5% 14.6% 15.4% 15.6% 15.63%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.292
Accruals Ratio -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.06 -0.03 -0.08 -0.04 -0.05 -0.08 -0.04 -0.06 -0.08 -0.08 -0.07 -0.08 -0.07 -0.06 -0.06 -0.05 -0.06 -0.062
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.056
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.940
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 5.7% 5.5% 6.1% 1.3% 10.8% 9.9% 8.1% 15.8% 8.5% 7.8% 8.0% 1.7% 7.6% 8.1% 6.6% 9.8% 5.3% 5.4% 5.8% 5.8% 5.78%
Dividend/Share $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.02 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.24 $0.14 $0.14 $0.14 $0.03 $0.15 $0.15 $0.15 $0.26 $0.14 $0.14 $0.14 $0.14 $0.14
Payout Ratio 46.2% 49.4% 49.7% 10.6% 71.5% 63.8% 58.9% 1.3% 66.7% 69.3% 72.4% 14.6% 70.1% 70.7% 67.1% 1.1% 60.3% 59.3% 62.8% 62.9% 62.89%
FCF Payout Ratio 57.7% 77.6% 75.8% 1.2% — 85.0% — — 79.6% — 1.3% 13.7% 58.7% 75.0% 43.4% 1.3% 1.2% 1.5% 16.3% 1.6% 1.56%
Total Payout Ratio 50.2% 50.7% 49.7% 10.6% 72.1% 63.8% 59.3% 1.3% 67.0% 1.4% 1.5% 86.2% 1.4% 70.7% 1.0% 1.6% 1.2% 1.2% 86.5% 1.3% 1.34%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number 0.06 0.06 0.04 -0.82 0.16 0.15 0.12 10.65 0.21 0.20 0.21 -0.86 0.15 0.16 0.15 7.86 -0.01 -0.01 0.03 -0.37 -0.371
Buyback Yield 0.5% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 8.1% 8.4% 8.2% 7.4% 0.0% 3.5% 5.0% 5.0% 5.2% 2.2% 6.6% 6.56%
Net Buyback Yield 0.5% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 8.1% 8.4% 8.2% 7.4% 0.0% 3.5% 5.0% 5.0% 5.2% 2.2% 6.6% 6.56%
Total Shareholder Return 6.2% 5.7% 6.1% 1.3% 10.9% 9.9% 8.1% 15.8% 8.5% 15.9% 16.4% 9.9% 15.0% 8.1% 10.1% 14.9% 10.3% 10.6% 8.0% 12.4% 12.39%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.74 0.71 0.66 0.58 0.57 0.62 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.68 0.65 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.64 0.65 0.67 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.687
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.89 0.89 0.91 0.90 0.88 0.87 0.84 0.80 0.81 0.76 0.74 0.74 0.77 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.73 0.77 0.79 0.81 0.808
EBIT Margin 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.089
Asset Turnover 0.45 0.49 0.58 0.65 0.71 0.70 0.68 0.67 0.60 0.54 0.50 0.51 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.55 0.54 0.52 0.47 0.49 0.490
Equity Multiplier 3.80 4.00 3.96 4.00 4.10 4.14 3.99 4.08 4.18 4.22 4.07 4.12 4.15 4.21 3.98 3.97 3.89 4.17 3.64 3.63 3.631
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.25 $0.24 $0.23 $0.20 $0.17 $0.19 $0.21 $0.19 $0.21 $0.20 $0.19 $0.20 $0.21 $0.21 $0.22 $0.24 $0.23 $0.23 $0.23 $0.23 $0.23
Book Value/Share $2.00 $2.00 $2.11 $1.99 $1.98 $2.14 $2.24 $2.15 $2.19 $2.19 $2.31 $2.19 $2.20 $2.24 $2.68 $2.60 $2.63 $2.31 $2.75 $2.65 $2.84
Tangible Book/Share $-0.07 $-0.22 $-0.22 $-0.28 $-0.36 $-0.25 $-0.19 $-0.36 $-0.36 $-0.45 $-0.35 $-0.52 $-0.54 $-0.57 $-0.39 $-0.50 $-0.49 $-0.80 $-0.33 $-0.46 $-0.46
Revenue/Share $3.27 $3.83 $4.65 $5.13 $5.78 $6.04 $5.89 $5.62 $5.23 $4.91 $4.58 $4.52 $4.58 $4.62 $5.02 $5.23 $5.11 $4.94 $4.66 $4.63 $4.63
FCF/Share $0.20 $0.15 $0.15 $0.02 $-0.27 $0.14 $-0.16 $-0.07 $0.17 $-0.15 $0.11 $0.21 $0.25 $0.20 $0.34 $0.19 $0.11 $0.09 $0.01 $0.09 $0.09
OCF/Share $0.78 $0.74 $0.76 $0.65 $0.39 $0.84 $0.58 $0.64 $0.87 $0.53 $0.76 $0.88 $0.94 $0.84 $1.00 $0.88 $0.80 $0.82 $0.72 $0.82 $0.82
Cash/Share $0.61 $0.47 $0.71 $0.37 $0.61 $0.61 $0.49 $0.16 $0.34 $0.34 $0.95 $0.44 $1.10 $0.25 $0.96 $0.16 $0.16 $0.18 $0.26 $0.25 $0.25
EBITDA/Share $0.75 $0.74 $0.77 $0.77 $0.74 $0.76 $0.76 $0.77 $0.81 $0.85 $0.87 $0.92 $0.94 $0.96 $0.99 $1.01 $1.01 $1.00 $0.97 $0.97 $0.97
Debt/Share $2.99 $3.07 $3.13 $3.33 $3.75 $0.08 $3.52 $0.14 $3.54 $0.51 $4.16 $0.62 $4.41 $0.48 $4.17 $3.95 $3.60 $3.97 $3.63 $3.66 $3.66
Net Debt/Share $2.38 $2.60 $2.41 $2.95 $3.14 $-0.53 $3.03 $-0.02 $3.19 $0.17 $3.21 $0.18 $3.31 $0.22 $3.22 $3.80 $3.44 $3.79 $3.37 $3.41 $3.41
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.868
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 0.595
Piotroski F-Score 7 7 7 6 4 7 7 8 8 5 4 5 5 8 8 6 8 7 5 4 4
Beneish M-Score -2.50 -1.90 -1.83 -1.71 -1.27 -2.40 -2.69 -2.68 -3.31 -2.47 -2.50 -3.48 -2.90 -2.56 -2.77 -2.24 -2.55 -1.45 -1.33 1.01 1.005
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.716
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-4.86
EVA snapshot only $-413051434.87
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BB
Credit Score 46.08 45.23 48.47 47.18 44.93 73.69 46.63 59.14 45.21 53.61 39.70 63.25 39.63 63.68 40.16 42.86 42.30 42.56 43.15 42.47 42.468
Credit Grade snapshot only 12
Credit Trend snapshot only -0.396
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 475.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 52
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 47

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