— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: LR.PA (PAR) · $vol 97M · LGRDY (OTC) · $vol 6M

LGRVF OTC

Legrand S.A.
1W: +0.0% 1M: -3.7% 3M: -4.1% YTD: +4.5% 1Y: -6.2% 3Y: +61.8% 5Y: +45.3%
$155.00
+0.00 (+0.00%)
 
OTC · Industrials · Electrical Equipment & Parts · Tech Score Sell · Power 34 · $40.6B mcap · 256M float · 0.0001% daily turnover · Short 61% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 2Hold: 4Sell: 1Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
2
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. LGRVF receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/E (2/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B B+
2026-09-15 B+ B
2026-09-15 B B+
2026-08-18 B- B
2026-08-14 B B-
2026-07-23 B+ B
2026-07-16 B B+
2026-07-02 B+ B
2026-06-29 None ADDED
2026-06-27 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A
Profitability
59
Balance Sheet
61
Earnings Quality
77
Growth
65
Value
—
Momentum
89
Safety
—
Cash Flow
56

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.16
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-8.06
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A-
Score: 66.8/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.19x
Accruals: -1.4%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. LGRVF scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. LGRVF's score of -2.16 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. LGRVF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. LGRVF receives an estimated rating of A- (score: 66.8/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). LGRVF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
28.79x
PEG
3.62x
P/S
3.75x
P/B
5.04x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$56.76
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 28.8x earnings, LGRVF commands a growth premium. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $56.76 per share, 173% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.736
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.876
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.201
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.561
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.490
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
18.2%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. LGRVF's ROE of 18.2% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.561), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
6.80%
Fair P/E
22.11x
Intrinsic Value
$110.79
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with LGRVF's realized 6.8% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. LGRVF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $110.79, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 22.1x compares to the current market P/E of 28.8x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$155.00
Median 1Y
$163.62
5th Pctile
$89.79
95th Pctile
$299.57
Ann. Volatility
36.9%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 17.3% 17.0% 16.4% 17.0% 16.5% 16.2% 16.7% 17.2% 16.4% 17.2% 15.9% 16.2% 3.1% 4.7% 4.8% 5.6% 17.5% 16.8% 16.8% 18.2% 18.16%
ROA 6.7% 6.7% 6.7% 6.8% 7.1% 7.0% 7.3% 7.3% 7.4% 7.9% 7.3% 7.0% 1.4% 2.2% 2.2% 2.4% 7.6% 7.4% 7.4% 7.3% 7.29%
ROIC 12.1% 11.7% 11.5% 11.3% 11.3% 11.7% 12.3% 12.7% 12.7% 14.5% 13.1% 11.7% 11.9% 11.5% 11.7% 12.6% 13.0% 11.9% 12.0% 11.5% 11.49%
ROCE 12.7% 11.8% 11.6% 11.8% 11.6% 12.5% 13.0% 12.9% 13.3% 13.7% 13.1% 12.7% 12.5% 12.8% 13.0% 13.2% 13.1% 12.8% 12.8% 13.0% 13.00%
Gross Margin 49.8% 48.9% 49.6% 49.7% 49.1% 50.4% 53.0% 52.6% 51.5% 51.9% 53.1% 52.2% 51.1% 50.4% 52.4% 51.2% 50.6% 49.2% 50.5% 50.5% 50.45%
Operating Margin 19.0% 16.6% 19.1% 19.4% 18.2% 12.9% 21.0% 20.6% 19.0% 20.7% 19.1% 19.4% 18.7% 18.7% 19.1% 19.9% 20.5% 20.7% 21.1% 19.0% 19.05%
Net Margin 12.7% 11.3% 13.1% 13.7% 12.8% 8.6% 15.4% 14.9% 14.2% 10.0% 13.6% 13.8% -28.6% 13.7% 12.9% 13.4% 12.0% 14.0% 13.2% 12.7% 12.69%
EBITDA Margin 23.3% 21.2% 23.1% 23.6% 22.6% 20.7% 24.8% 25.2% 24.6% 21.3% 24.2% 25.1% 23.5% 24.7% 23.7% 24.4% 23.5% 25.0% 25.1% 24.3% 24.30%
FCF Margin 17.3% 13.5% 10.3% 9.1% 9.9% 12.4% 15.5% 17.8% 19.2% 18.8% 16.8% 14.9% 13.4% 14.8% 14.9% 14.3% 15.1% 14.2% 14.2% 13.2% 13.18%
OCF Margin 19.8% 15.9% 12.6% 11.4% 12.2% 14.8% 18.0% 20.5% 22.0% 21.8% 19.9% 17.9% 16.3% 17.6% 17.6% 16.9% 17.6% 16.6% 16.6% 15.5% 15.50%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 12.95%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 14.25%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 5.29%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 7.27%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 10.14%
Cash ROA snapshot only 8.05%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 11.84%
CROIC snapshot only 10.07%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 15.05%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 17.65%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 4.23%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 25.39%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 28.795
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.749
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 5.043
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 3.619
Graham Number snapshot only $56.76
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.65 1.98 2.06 1.91 2.28 2.04 1.95 2.16 1.89 1.98 1.84 1.67 1.95 1.93 1.94 2.13 2.22 1.93 1.96 1.58 1.580
Quick Ratio 1.27 1.50 1.56 1.41 1.61 1.50 1.47 1.66 1.47 1.54 1.42 1.24 1.39 1.41 1.45 1.63 1.69 1.42 1.39 1.12 1.118
Debt/Equity 0.95 0.93 0.89 0.87 0.71 0.70 0.71 0.81 0.78 0.72 0.71 0.82 0.74 0.68 0.70 0.86 0.85 0.95 0.85 1.03 1.031
Net Debt/Equity 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.45 0.38 0.34 0.33 0.38 0.32 0.30 0.32 0.50 0.47 0.40 0.40 0.47 0.44 0.63 0.60 0.77 0.768
Debt/Assets 0.38 0.38 0.37 0.37 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.35 0.35 0.32 0.33 0.35 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.36 0.36 0.39 0.36 0.40 0.396
Debt/EBITDA 3.09 3.21 3.19 3.17 2.70 2.49 2.46 2.65 2.63 2.39 2.52 2.80 2.57 2.41 2.46 2.70 2.70 3.03 2.77 3.11 3.113
Net Debt/EBITDA 1.48 1.53 1.54 1.62 1.43 1.21 1.15 1.22 1.06 0.99 1.15 1.73 1.63 1.43 1.40 1.49 1.38 1.99 1.96 2.32 2.321
Interest Coverage 13.71 14.58 14.77 15.74 16.79 13.73 14.16 15.11 14.66 13.62 12.43 10.61 9.60 11.25 11.25 11.47 11.02 11.23 11.12 10.60 10.595
Equity Multiplier 2.50 2.45 2.39 2.37 2.17 2.17 2.20 2.32 2.26 2.21 2.18 2.32 2.22 2.13 2.18 2.37 2.36 2.41 2.35 2.60 2.600
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.517
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 12.899
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.254
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.173
Defensive Interval snapshot only 459.6 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.51 0.52 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.58 0.55 0.54 0.55 0.56 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.561
Inventory Turnover 3.35 3.29 3.24 3.15 3.02 3.21 3.12 2.98 2.86 3.12 3.00 2.99 3.00 3.29 3.23 3.27 3.25 3.35 3.25 3.18 3.184
Receivables Turnover 8.82 10.19 8.03 8.46 8.80 9.89 8.01 8.18 8.30 8.73 7.44 7.46 8.04 8.56 7.40 7.46 8.33 8.33 7.03 6.63 6.631
Payables Turnover 4.71 4.83 4.73 4.61 4.82 5.04 4.80 4.49 4.64 4.49 4.37 4.17 4.42 4.40 4.42 4.50 4.83 4.60 4.38 4.31 4.314
DSO 41 36 45 43 41 37 46 45 44 42 49 49 45 43 49 49 44 44 52 55 55.0 days
DIO 109 111 113 116 121 114 117 122 127 117 122 122 122 111 113 112 112 109 112 115 114.6 days
DPO 78 76 77 79 76 72 76 81 79 81 84 88 83 83 82 81 76 79 83 85 84.6 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 73 71 81 80 87 78 86 86 93 78 87 83 85 71 80 79 81 74 81 85 85.1 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 7.187
Operating Cycle snapshot only 169.7 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 5.148
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.925
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 8.8% 14.7% 16.5% 13.6% 17.8% 19.2% 16.8% 11.9% 6.4% 0.9% -2.6% -2.5% -1.8% 2.8% 7.3% 10.6% 12.7% 9.7% 9.6% 9.8% 9.84%
Net Income 26.1% 32.8% 26.0% 10.8% 14.7% 10.5% 14.6% 13.5% 10.6% 14.9% 2.1% -2.5% -81.2% -71.0% -68.0% -64.4% 4.8% 2.7% 2.7% 2.4% 2.43%
EPS 26.5% 32.8% 26.2% 11.0% 14.9% 11.3% 14.9% 13.7% 11.2% 16.1% 3.8% -1.0% -81.1% -71.1% -68.0% -64.3% 4.8% 2.8% 2.7% 2.5% 2.45%
FCF 20.6% -6.4% -33.8% -47.6% -32.5% 9.4% 76.1% 1.2% 1.1% 53.6% 6.1% -18.8% -31.6% -18.9% -5.2% 6.4% 27.0% 4.6% 4.3% 1.4% 1.36%
EBITDA 18.4% 18.2% 15.2% 5.2% 9.3% 13.4% 15.0% 14.2% 11.7% 7.7% 1.3% -0.3% -2.8% 4.6% 9.3% 11.9% 15.3% 8.7% 10.8% 11.7% 11.69%
Op. Income 24.2% 26.2% 20.6% 6.4% 9.8% 7.6% 10.0% 9.3% 6.0% 18.3% 8.5% 5.2% 4.6% -4.0% 2.5% 8.1% 12.8% 15.8% 18.6% 16.5% 16.46%
OCF Growth snapshot only 0.90%
Asset Growth snapshot only 17.62%
Equity Growth snapshot only 7.32%
Debt Growth snapshot only 28.93%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.66%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -99.92%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 4.3% 5.3% 6.1% 7.0% 7.4% 8.0% 8.9% 11.1% 10.9% 11.3% 9.9% 7.4% 7.2% 7.3% 6.9% 6.5% 5.6% 4.4% 4.6% 5.8% 5.81%
Revenue 5Y 6.5% 6.9% 7.2% 7.8% 8.5% 8.6% 8.6% 7.9% 7.3% 7.0% 6.3% 6.0% 5.3% 5.5% 6.2% 8.1% 8.6% 9.2% 9.3% 8.5% 8.53%
EPS 3Y 3.1% 5.4% 5.9% 7.0% 7.5% 6.5% 9.9% 16.3% 17.3% 19.8% 14.6% 7.7% -37.7% -27.9% -27.5% -26.2% 6.8% 8.4% 6.7% 6.8% 6.80%
EPS 5Y 9.5% 7.5% 7.5% 8.1% 8.6% 7.2% 7.9% 7.1% 7.0% 8.6% 7.2% 6.6% -23.5% -16.5% -15.1% -11.1% 12.1% 13.5% 12.0% 9.0% 9.00%
Net Income 3Y 3.0% 5.4% 5.9% 6.8% 7.4% 6.2% 9.7% 16.1% 17.0% 19.0% 13.8% 7.0% -38.0% -28.4% -27.9% -26.7% 6.4% 7.5% 6.3% 6.0% 6.04%
Net Income 5Y 9.6% 7.6% 7.5% 8.0% 8.5% 7.0% 7.8% 7.0% 6.8% 8.3% 6.8% 6.2% -23.8% -16.8% -15.5% -11.5% 11.8% 12.8% 11.6% 8.4% 8.43%
EBITDA 3Y 7.6% 7.0% 6.9% 6.8% 6.5% 6.5% 8.3% 12.8% 13.1% 13.0% 10.3% 6.2% 5.9% 8.5% 8.4% 8.4% 7.8% 7.0% 7.1% 7.6% 7.61%
EBITDA 5Y 7.2% 6.9% 6.9% 7.4% 9.5% 9.3% 9.6% 8.9% 8.7% 8.4% 7.3% 6.8% 5.6% 6.4% 7.1% 9.9% 10.1% 10.4% 10.2% 8.4% 8.40%
Gross Profit 3Y 4.2% 4.4% 4.9% 5.4% 5.6% 6.4% 7.8% 10.8% 10.9% 11.4% 9.9% 7.2% 7.3% 7.9% 7.9% 7.7% 6.9% 5.1% 4.5% 5.1% 5.05%
Gross Profit 5Y 6.2% 6.1% 6.2% 6.5% 7.1% 7.5% 7.8% 7.5% 7.3% 7.1% 6.5% 6.1% 5.4% 5.4% 5.9% 8.0% 8.3% 8.7% 8.5% 7.6% 7.56%
Op. Income 3Y 6.6% 5.7% 6.2% 6.6% 6.5% 5.3% 7.8% 13.2% 13.1% 17.1% 12.9% 7.0% 6.8% 6.9% 6.9% 7.5% 7.7% 9.5% 9.7% 9.8% 9.82%
Op. Income 5Y 7.6% 7.6% 7.4% 7.6% 7.9% 7.1% 7.7% 7.2% 7.1% 8.5% 7.4% 6.9% 6.0% 5.8% 6.9% 10.5% 11.3% 12.3% 11.8% 9.0% 9.03%
FCF 3Y 18.2% 8.3% 0.6% -7.6% -6.5% -0.2% 6.5% 19.0% 18.8% 16.3% 7.4% -2.4% -1.7% 10.9% 21.0% 23.5% 21.4% 9.2% 1.6% -4.4% -4.35%
FCF 5Y 6.1% 1.8% -3.7% -4.9% 3.7% 8.5% 14.5% 17.3% 18.1% 16.4% 13.7% 7.0% 2.8% 4.4% 3.9% 7.8% 7.8% 5.9% 4.1% 0.0% 0.04%
OCF 3Y 15.0% 6.3% -0.0% -6.7% -6.0% -0.1% 5.9% 17.3% 18.1% 16.5% 8.7% -0.2% 0.5% 11.0% 19.4% 21.3% 19.4% 8.5% 1.8% -3.5% -3.55%
OCF 5Y 4.5% 0.6% -4.1% -5.0% 3.2% 7.4% 12.6% 15.3% 16.1% 14.7% 12.4% 6.8% 3.1% 4.2% 4.0% 7.5% 7.8% 6.3% 4.6% 0.9% 0.91%
Assets 3Y 11.7% 10.8% 10.4% 10.1% 8.8% 6.8% 6.2% 4.7% 6.3% 4.8% 4.9% 5.4% 4.0% 4.6% 4.0% 3.3% 4.0% 6.9% 7.3% 9.1% 9.07%
Assets 5Y 11.3% 11.6% 12.8% 13.1% 10.3% 8.9% 9.3% 9.5% 9.7% 7.6% 7.1% 7.0% 5.4% 6.3% 5.9% 4.8% 5.7% 6.4% 6.6% 7.6% 7.64%
Equity 3Y 7.5% 7.6% 7.7% 10.8% 11.3% 9.2% 8.9% 10.0% 11.8% 11.1% 9.8% 10.1% 8.1% 9.6% 7.3% 3.3% 1.3% 3.2% 4.9% 5.0% 5.03%
Book Value 3Y 7.6% 7.5% 7.8% 11.0% 11.4% 9.4% 9.1% 10.2% 12.2% 11.8% 10.5% 10.8% 8.7% 10.3% 8.0% 3.9% 1.6% 4.0% 5.3% 5.8% 5.79%
Dividend 3Y 1.3% 1.7% 1.8% 5.2% 5.2% 5.4% 5.3% 4.9% 5.0% 5.3% 5.4% 3.4% -99.0% -99.0% -99.0% -37.5% 106.8% 107.3% 106.9% -90.8% -90.81%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.89 0.81 0.86 0.93 0.86 0.77 0.82 0.89 0.87 0.84 0.83 0.89 0.86 0.87 0.90 0.93 0.91 0.90 0.91 0.94 0.936
Earnings Stability 0.60 0.50 0.68 0.67 0.60 0.56 0.69 0.72 0.67 0.69 0.79 0.83 0.08 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.004
Margin Stability 1.00 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.983
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.90 0.87 0.90 0.96 0.94 0.96 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.94 0.99 0.99 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.77 0.72 0.77 0.90 0.86 0.90 0.86 0.87 0.90 0.86 0.98 0.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
ROE Trend 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 -0.00 -0.00 -0.13 -0.12 -0.11 -0.11 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.069
Gross Margin Trend -0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.015
FCF Margin Trend 0.02 -0.03 -0.07 -0.08 -0.07 -0.03 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.014
Sustainable Growth Rate 9.9% 9.9% 9.7% 9.3% 9.4% 9.1% 9.8% 9.4% 9.1% 9.6% 8.6% 8.0% 3.1% 4.7% 4.8% 3.7% 7.8% 7.6% 7.9% 18.2% 18.16%
Internal Growth Rate 4.0% 4.1% 4.2% 3.9% 4.2% 4.1% 4.5% 4.1% 4.3% 4.6% 4.1% 3.6% 1.4% 2.2% 2.3% 1.6% 3.5% 3.5% 3.6% 7.9% 7.86%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.51 1.23 0.98 0.90 0.96 1.24 1.43 1.59 1.66 1.60 1.51 1.39 6.44 4.58 4.47 4.06 1.35 1.27 1.26 1.19 1.194
FCF/OCF 0.87 0.85 0.81 0.80 0.81 0.83 0.86 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.85 0.83 0.82 0.84 0.85 0.85 0.86 0.85 0.86 0.85 0.850
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.015
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.632
CapEx/Revenue 2.5% 2.4% 2.3% 2.3% 2.3% 2.5% 2.5% 2.6% 2.8% 3.0% 3.1% 3.0% 3.0% 2.8% 2.7% 2.6% 2.5% 2.5% 2.4% 2.3% 2.32%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.530
Accruals Ratio -0.03 -0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.03 -0.04 -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.07 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.014
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.077
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 6.677
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.65%
Dividend/Share $1.41 $1.41 $1.41 $1.64 $1.64 $1.65 $1.64 $1.88 $1.89 $1.91 $1.91 $2.07 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.50 $2.56 $2.60 $2.56 $0.00 $2.38
Payout Ratio 42.7% 41.8% 40.4% 45.2% 43.2% 44.0% 41.0% 45.7% 44.8% 43.9% 46.1% 50.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 34.3% 55.4% 54.6% 52.8% 0.0% 0.01%
FCF Payout Ratio 32.3% 40.1% 50.5% 62.9% 55.5% 42.6% 33.3% 33.1% 30.9% 31.8% 36.1% 44.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 10.0% 48.0% 50.5% 49.1% 0.0% 0.01%
Total Payout Ratio 53.7% 51.9% 50.2% 49.5% 47.3% 48.4% 47.9% 61.6% 65.0% 82.1% 88.7% 79.7% 1.2% 13.9% 6.6% 46.0% 59.0% 63.5% 64.3% 5.1% 5.08%
Div. Increase Streak 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.73 0.73 0.72 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.15 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.73 0.73 0.74 0.74 0.736
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.95 0.94 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.90 0.88 0.88 0.876
EBIT Margin 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.201
Asset Turnover 0.51 0.52 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.58 0.55 0.54 0.55 0.56 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.561
Equity Multiplier 2.56 2.54 2.44 2.50 2.32 2.30 2.29 2.35 2.22 2.19 2.19 2.32 2.24 2.17 2.18 2.35 2.29 2.27 2.27 2.49 2.490
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $3.31 $3.37 $3.48 $3.62 $3.80 $3.75 $3.99 $4.11 $4.22 $4.35 $4.15 $4.07 $0.80 $1.26 $1.33 $1.45 $4.62 $4.77 $4.85 $5.01 $5.01
Book Value/Share $20.16 $21.28 $22.76 $23.57 $25.82 $24.89 $25.10 $24.14 $25.54 $25.48 $26.63 $25.71 $25.87 $28.51 $28.65 $26.45 $27.11 $27.97 $29.31 $28.57 $28.81
Tangible Book/Share $-7.71 $-7.48 $-6.81 $-6.93 $-5.97 $-5.49 $-4.90 $-5.68 $-4.92 $-4.51 $-4.72 $-9.00 $-8.11 $-7.62 $-7.13 $-7.78 $-7.11 $-11.21 $-12.02 $-15.77 $-15.77
Revenue/Share $25.25 $26.03 $27.13 $28.42 $29.78 $31.27 $31.75 $31.87 $31.88 $31.90 $31.45 $31.55 $31.58 $32.75 $33.71 $34.90 $35.45 $36.38 $36.81 $38.59 $38.66
FCF/Share $4.37 $3.51 $2.78 $2.60 $2.95 $3.86 $4.91 $5.69 $6.12 $6.00 $5.30 $4.69 $4.22 $4.86 $5.02 $4.99 $5.34 $5.15 $5.22 $5.09 $5.10
OCF/Share $5.00 $4.14 $3.42 $3.24 $3.63 $4.64 $5.70 $6.52 $7.00 $6.96 $6.26 $5.64 $5.15 $5.77 $5.93 $5.89 $6.24 $6.05 $6.09 $5.98 $6.00
Cash/Share $9.96 $10.37 $10.44 $10.09 $8.54 $8.99 $9.54 $10.57 $11.92 $10.68 $10.28 $8.04 $6.95 $7.86 $8.67 $10.20 $11.32 $9.13 $7.36 $7.50 $7.52
EBITDA/Share $6.17 $6.15 $6.31 $6.49 $6.76 $7.03 $7.27 $7.43 $7.59 $7.65 $7.50 $7.52 $7.44 $8.00 $8.19 $8.41 $8.55 $8.81 $9.04 $9.46 $9.46
Debt/Share $19.11 $19.77 $20.15 $20.60 $18.23 $17.50 $17.91 $19.66 $19.99 $18.27 $18.88 $21.02 $19.08 $19.26 $20.15 $22.69 $23.11 $26.64 $25.04 $29.45 $29.45
Net Debt/Share $9.15 $9.40 $9.71 $10.51 $9.69 $8.50 $8.36 $9.10 $8.07 $7.60 $8.60 $12.98 $12.13 $11.40 $11.48 $12.50 $11.80 $17.51 $17.69 $21.96 $21.96
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 7 8 7 7 7 9 8 9 7 6 6 4 6 4 6 6 6 7 6 6 6
Beneish M-Score -2.56 -2.36 -2.17 -2.10 -2.14 -2.23 -2.58 -2.71 -2.77 -2.70 -2.63 -2.48 -2.74 -2.66 -2.65 -2.64 -2.31 -2.12 -2.27 -2.16 -2.162
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -8.064
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-22.67
EVA snapshot only $198026116.87
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A-
Credit Score 68.30 66.80 69.05 68.05 71.80 72.05 69.80 73.30 70.70 71.60 69.80 69.80 67.30 69.80 69.80 72.05 72.05 66.80 69.20 66.80 66.800
Credit Grade snapshot only 7
Credit Trend snapshot only -5.250
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 175.000

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