— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: MFC.TO (TSX) · $vol 222M · 0945.HK (HKSE) · $vol 1M · 0V5H.L (LSE) · $vol 0M · MFC-PC.TO (TSX) · $vol 0M · MNLCF (OTC) · $vol 0M · MNUFF (OTC) · $vol 0M

MFC NYSE

Manulife Financial Corporation
1W: +1.3% 1M: +1.8% 3M: +0.0% YTD: +24.4% 1Y: +39.9% 3Y: +176.3% 5Y: +173.4%
$44.98
+0.33 (+0.74%)
After Hours: $45.29 (+0.31, +0.69%)
Weekly Expected Move ±3.1%
$42 $43 $44 $46 $47
NYSE · Financial Services · Insurance - Life · Tech Score Strong Buy · Power 65 · $74.1B mcap · 1.66B float · 0.116% daily turnover · Short 54% of daily vol
Credit Risk of going bust: not rated, financial company (lending is its business) Bonds: $87.8M held by 114 funds, 61 bp over Treasuries → details ▾
Not rated: lending and leverage are a financial company's business, which the model misreads.
Bond figures are fund-reported marks (SEC N-PORT) as of Jul 2026. How these are computed.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
$0
Low
$51
Avg Target
$51
High
Based on 1 analyst ratings (12 mo)
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 8Hold: 6Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$51.00
Analysts1
Price Target Change History
DateFirmAnalystOldNewChangeUpside @ CallStock@Call
2025-12-15 Morgan Stanley — $47 $51 +4 +42.8% $35.71
2025-10-07 Morgan Stanley Bob Huang $48 $47 -1 +45.7% $32.26
2025-08-18 Morgan Stanley Bob Huang $46 $48 +2 +57.0% $30.57
2025-05-19 Morgan Stanley Bob Huang Initiated $46 — +43.4% $32.07
2021-11-15 TD Securities Mario Mendonca Initiated $37 — +84.9% $20.01
2021-11-15 Stifel Nicolaus Mike Rizvanovic Initiated $28 — +39.9% $20.01

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B-
Oct 27, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
4
ROA
2
D/E
3
P/E
2
P/B
2
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. MFC receives an overall rating of B-. Strongest factors: ROE (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), ROA (2/5), P/E (2/5), P/B (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-14 B B-
2026-10-12 B- B
2026-05-19 B B-
2026-05-15 B- B
2026-04-16 B B-
2026-04-01 B- B
2026-02-13 B B-

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A
Profitability
35
Balance Sheet
63
Earnings Quality
70
Growth
34
Value
—
Momentum
67
Safety
—
Cash Flow
92

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman-I Score
1.56
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-3.58
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-7.01
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A-
Score: 66.8/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 4.57x
Accruals: -2.3%
The Altman-I Score is adapted for insurance companies, emphasizing return on equity, tangible net worth, and cash reserves alongside the standard equity and earnings components. MFC scores 1.56, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 3.0, distress < 1.5). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. MFC scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. MFC's score of -3.58 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. MFC's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. MFC receives an estimated rating of A- (score: 66.8/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). MFC's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
17.04x
PEG
0.92x
P/S
1.81x
P/B
1.98x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$53.77
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 17.0x earnings, MFC trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $53.77 per share, suggesting a potential 20% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.803
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.842
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.172
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.056
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
20.089
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
13.0%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. MFC's ROE of 13.0% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 20.09x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
9.35%
Fair P/E
27.20x
Intrinsic Value
$109.56
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with MFC's realized 9.3% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. MFC trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $109.56, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 27.2x compares to the current market P/E of 17.0x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$44.99
Median 1Y
$51.60
5th Pctile
$30.14
95th Pctile
$88.37
Ann. Volatility
30.5%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees
—
Revenue / Employee
—
Rev: $53,014,000,000
Profit / Employee
—
NI: $5,782,000,000
SGA / Employee
—
Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 12.0% 12.2% 8.8% -0.2% -0.1% -0.2% 4.9% 11.6% 11.1% 11.6% 10.5% 10.5% 11.7% 11.4% 10.5% 12.2% 11.6% 11.3% 12.4% 13.0% 13.05%
ROA 0.7% 0.7% 0.5% -0.0% -0.0% -0.0% 0.3% 0.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.65%
ROIC 15.2% 14.9% 10.5% -0.6% -2.3% -3.3% 4.1% 13.3% 15.1% 14.1% 12.8% 12.4% 14.8% 14.7% 13.6% 16.1% 15.8% 11.9% 22.0% 24.0% 23.99%
ROCE 1.0% 1.0% 0.8% 0.1% -0.0% -0.1% 0.3% 0.9% 1.0% 0.9% 0.8% 0.8% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 1.0% 0.9% 0.94%
Gross Margin 26.6% 24.5% 3.5% 4.2% 8.2% 34.2% 10.5% 12.3% 13.2% -24.2% 7.9% 16.4% 1.8% 91.5% 25.2% 9.1% 22.2% 76.0% 1.0% 22.4% 22.37%
Operating Margin 9.5% 11.8% 10.3% 7.2% 2.3% 14.4% 5.7% 6.2% 5.9% -9.6% 3.6% 7.5% 16.1% 50.1% 7.7% 5.5% 12.9% 22.1% 11.9% 14.1% 14.07%
Net Margin 8.1% 9.6% 7.6% 5.8% 6.3% 13.3% 4.5% 4.9% 6.0% -8.0% 2.6% 5.9% 13.3% 39.9% 6.2% 4.6% 10.3% 18.2% 9.7% 11.1% 11.07%
EBITDA Margin 12.1% 13.5% 12.0% 7.6% 2.2% 18.1% 5.9% 6.4% 6.3% -9.4% 3.5% 7.5% 15.8% 55.4% 7.2% 5.4% 12.3% 29.5% 17.1% 13.0% 12.97%
FCF Margin 40.3% 38.7% 47.6% -1.3% -1.7% -1.2% 76.0% 25.9% 27.3% 39.9% 39.2% 45.7% 55.3% 36.6% 61.8% 41.5% 42.7% 42.2% 36.5% 53.1% 53.10%
OCF Margin 40.3% 38.7% 47.6% -1.3% -1.7% -96.3% 59.5% 20.5% 21.9% 39.9% 39.2% 45.7% 55.3% 36.6% 61.8% 41.5% 42.7% 42.2% 36.5% 53.1% 53.10%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 11.62%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 9.47%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 0.59%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 20.80%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 10.68%
Cash ROA snapshot only 2.81%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 1.04%
CROIC snapshot only 1.04%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 12.21%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 14.46%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 9.16%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 17.044
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.812
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.979
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.920
Graham Number snapshot only $53.77
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio — 1.35 — — — 0.06 — — 77.68 — — — — — — — — — 2.24 2.36 2.360
Quick Ratio — 1.35 — — — 0.06 — — 77.68 — — — — — — — — — 2.24 2.36 2.360
Debt/Equity 0.22 0.21 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.26 0.29 0.26 0.27 0.265
Net Debt/Equity -0.19 -0.19 -0.17 -0.15 -0.14 -0.15 -0.11 -0.18 -0.19 -0.16 -0.17 -0.16 -0.19 -0.23 -0.22 -0.21 -0.24 -0.00 -0.41 -0.45 -0.447
Debt/Assets 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.013
Debt/EBITDA 1.28 1.23 1.96 -680.63 -9.44 -7.83 6.35 1.98 1.79 1.93 2.22 2.36 1.89 1.95 2.12 1.77 1.83 1.95 1.50 1.51 1.512
Net Debt/EBITDA -1.10 -1.11 -1.45 425.42 5.28 4.30 -2.45 -1.29 -1.28 -1.15 -1.33 -1.36 -1.38 -1.60 -1.67 -1.40 -1.69 -0.03 -2.36 -2.55 -2.547
Interest Coverage 8.44 9.03 6.98 0.60 -0.42 -0.54 2.43 5.23 5.38 5.16 4.72 4.59 5.30 5.22 5.01 5.73 5.73 5.64 6.10 6.33 6.331
Equity Multiplier 16.55 16.05 15.69 15.17 15.27 17.81 18.25 18.63 17.57 18.51 18.68 18.55 19.02 18.99 18.96 19.61 19.96 20.11 19.93 20.54 20.540
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.934
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 5.946
Cash to Debt snapshot only 2.684
FCF to Debt snapshot only 2.177
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1867.6 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.06 0.07 0.05 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 0.03 0.11 0.11 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.056
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 42.04 43.71 32.14 -11.96 -8.85 -12.67 44.41 137.51 135.37 70.61 — — — — — — 2.28 2.49 2.87 2.00 2.000
Payables Turnover — 3.49 — — — -1.71 — — — 5.44 — — — — — — — — — — —
DSO 9 8 11 -31 -41 -29 8 3 3 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 160 146 127 182 182.5 days
DIO 0 0 0 — — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 0 105 0 — — — 0 0 0 67 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 —
Cash Conversion Cycle 9 -96 11 — — — 8 3 3 -62 0 0 0 0 0 0 160 146 127 182 —
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 21.471
Cash Velocity snapshot only 1.528
Capital Intensity snapshot only 18.885
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue -20.2% -22.4% -17.4% -1.3% -1.2% -1.3% -36.9% 6.4% 8.9% 3.9% 94.7% -42.1% -47.6% 41.7% -17.6% 33.8% 55.4% 5.0% 71.3% -16.0% -15.99%
Net Income 39.3% 25.0% -5.9% -1.0% -1.0% -1.0% -46.5% 62.0% 150.2% 63.1% 1.0% -14.2% 0.7% 3.1% 4.9% 21.7% 3.5% 2.7% 21.8% 11.2% 11.17%
EPS 39.0% 24.8% -5.8% -1.0% -1.0% -1.0% -44.7% 63.4% 152.1% 63.2% 1.1% -10.3% 6.3% 8.9% 9.8% 27.7% 8.3% 7.0% 23.3% 14.2% 14.17%
FCF 16.0% 15.5% 13.6% 0.2% -18.3% -7.1% 0.7% 10.7% 30.0% -5.0% 0.5% 2.2% 6.3% 29.7% 29.8% 21.6% 19.9% 21.2% 1.2% 7.5% 7.52%
EBITDA 18.7% 12.3% -14.9% -1.0% -1.2% -1.2% -67.1% 339.3% 6.1% 5.2% 1.8% -7.5% -3.0% 10.2% 10.6% 26.1% 4.7% 3.7% 34.5% 24.5% 24.53%
Op. Income 30.0% 20.0% -5.9% -1.0% -1.2% -1.2% -69.8% 17.1% 5.8% 4.8% 2.5% 2.6% 9.7% 9.9% 9.2% 25.0% 2.8% 0.1% 20.3% 13.0% 12.97%
OCF Growth snapshot only 7.52%
Asset Growth snapshot only 11.92%
Equity Growth snapshot only 6.83%
Debt Growth snapshot only 6.40%
Shares Change snapshot only -2.62%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 9.02%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 7.6% 17.1% -4.2% — — — -27.0% 3.8% 7.8% -12.8% 0.5% -1.3% -6.3% 6.6% 0.4% — — — 40.1% -13.3% -13.35%
Revenue 5Y -3.1% 3.0% 1.0% — — — -11.0% 12.7% 14.4% 6.5% 1.5% -3.2% -9.3% -1.4% -9.0% -2.8% 0.4% -0.3% 7.5% 1.6% 1.58%
EPS 3Y 35.8% 13.3% -5.0% — — — -15.4% 19.1% 8.3% 2.0% 2.9% -7.6% -1.0% -2.6% 8.3% — — — 41.5% 9.3% 9.35%
EPS 5Y 16.3% 17.8% 7.6% — — — 5.1% 24.8% 18.0% 4.3% -0.2% -1.0% 6.9% 3.2% 6.9% 14.1% 7.9% 4.3% 8.1% 2.8% 2.80%
Net Income 3Y 34.8% 12.5% -5.5% — — — -16.3% 17.9% 7.1% 0.9% 0.5% -10.0% -3.9% -5.4% 4.2% — — — 37.1% 5.1% 5.11%
Net Income 5Y 15.9% 17.4% 7.1% — — — 3.9% 23.4% 16.7% 3.2% -1.8% -2.8% 4.8% 1.3% 4.4% 11.3% 5.1% 1.7% 5.3% -0.3% -0.29%
EBITDA 3Y 23.9% 8.6% -8.3% — — — -34.0% -0.0% -2.7% -8.5% -7.4% -16.0% -9.1% -9.1% 1.1% — — — 61.6% 13.3% 13.27%
EBITDA 5Y 11.3% 13.9% 3.4% — — — -12.7% 8.9% 8.1% -2.7% -6.4% -7.1% -1.2% -2.3% -2.0% 3.1% -1.3% -2.6% 3.4% -1.4% -1.44%
Gross Profit 3Y 9.6% -2.6% -11.4% -29.9% -37.8% -38.4% -24.6% -12.3% -12.8% -11.7% -11.4% -14.4% 21.3% 25.1% 35.2% 72.0% 42.2% 51.9% 46.5% 28.4% 28.42%
Gross Profit 5Y 5.3% 2.7% -2.8% -16.3% -22.8% -20.8% -11.1% -3.7% -3.3% -7.0% -8.3% -8.0% 13.8% 12.7% 12.9% 14.1% -7.8% -4.2% 6.3% 4.3% 4.30%
Op. Income 3Y 36.4% 13.8% -4.1% — — — -32.1% 8.9% 2.9% -1.6% 0.3% -10.9% -2.7% -4.4% 5.4% — — — 67.0% 13.2% 13.16%
Op. Income 5Y 15.5% 19.5% 8.5% — — — -7.4% 19.3% 16.3% 3.2% -1.1% -2.0% 5.8% 2.7% 3.9% 10.6% 4.2% 0.9% 5.8% -0.1% -0.06%
FCF 3Y 4.9% 6.5% 4.2% 1.8% -2.0% 1.5% 0.8% 4.6% 7.2% 0.6% 4.8% 4.3% 4.1% 4.6% 9.5% 11.2% 18.3% 14.3% 9.7% 10.1% 10.14%
FCF 5Y 6.8% 6.3% 4.5% 2.8% 1.1% 3.9% 3.5% 4.4% 4.2% 1.3% 2.7% 3.6% 5.4% 5.2% 6.0% 7.3% 9.4% 9.9% 8.6% 8.2% 8.19%
OCF 3Y 4.9% 6.5% 4.2% 1.8% -2.0% -6.6% -7.1% -3.2% -0.4% 0.6% 4.8% 4.3% 4.1% 4.6% 9.5% 11.2% 18.3% 24.3% 19.0% 19.0% 19.02%
OCF 5Y 6.8% 6.3% 4.5% 2.8% 1.1% -1.2% -1.4% -0.3% -0.4% 1.3% 2.7% 3.6% 5.4% 5.2% 6.0% 7.3% 9.4% 9.9% 8.6% 8.2% 8.19%
Assets 3Y 6.3% 6.9% 3.5% 1.3% 0.9% 1.0% 1.2% -0.6% -1.6% -0.2% 1.8% 1.4% 2.0% 2.2% 4.3% 6.0% 7.1% 7.1% 6.0% 8.7% 8.72%
Assets 5Y 3.9% 5.0% 3.5% 2.5% 3.2% 2.7% 3.1% 2.5% 2.3% 3.1% 3.1% 3.0% 3.3% 3.9% 3.4% 2.5% 3.2% 3.1% 3.6% 4.5% 4.47%
Equity 3Y 7.0% 7.5% 4.8% 3.5% 3.3% -1.4% -4.9% -4.3% -3.2% -2.8% -1.3% -2.1% -2.7% -3.4% -2.1% -2.7% -2.0% 2.9% 2.9% 5.2% 5.24%
Book Value 3Y 7.7% 8.2% 5.3% 4.3% 4.2% -0.2% -3.8% -3.3% -2.2% -1.8% 1.1% 0.5% 0.3% -0.5% 1.8% 1.1% 1.8% 6.3% 6.3% 9.5% 9.48%
Dividend 3Y 4.6% 2.9% 4.1% 5.0% 6.6% 5.0% 3.7% 3.5% 2.8% 3.3% 4.9% 4.8% 5.2% 5.1% 5.7% 5.6% 5.4% 4.9% 5.2% 6.1% 6.12%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.00 0.24 0.04 0.17 0.16 0.32 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.30 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.20 0.00 0.000
Earnings Stability 0.67 0.83 0.37 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.16 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.05 0.01 0.24 0.12 0.123
Margin Stability 0.82 0.66 0.84 0.75 0.73 0.91 0.89 0.59 0.66 0.62 0.81 0.61 0.28 0.66 0.41 0.44 0.15 0.59 0.46 0.57 0.568
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.84 0.90 0.98 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.81 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.98 0.91 0.99 0.99 0.91 0.96 0.955
Earnings Smoothness 0.67 0.78 0.94 — — — 0.39 — — — 0.33 0.85 0.99 0.97 0.95 0.80 0.97 0.97 0.80 0.89 0.894
ROE Trend 0.03 0.01 -0.00 -0.10 -0.10 -0.11 -0.04 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.01 -0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.015
Gross Margin Trend 0.10 0.05 0.01 — — — -0.04 — — — -0.06 — — — 0.51 0.33 -0.30 -0.17 -0.18 0.07 0.068
FCF Margin Trend 0.13 0.12 0.16 — — — 0.35 — — — -0.23 — — — 0.04 0.06 0.01 0.04 -0.14 0.10 0.095
Sustainable Growth Rate 7.6% 7.6% 3.9% — — — -0.6% 5.8% 5.4% 5.3% 4.2% 4.0% 5.3% 5.0% 4.2% 5.7% 5.2% 4.8% 5.9% 6.4% 6.41%
Internal Growth Rate 0.5% 0.5% 0.2% — — — — 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.3% 0.3% 0.32%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 3.52 3.48 4.68 -218.96 -486.34 -190.12 6.89 3.15 3.39 3.74 4.39 4.73 4.47 4.71 5.43 4.73 5.19 5.55 4.51 4.57 4.572
FCF/OCF 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.29 1.28 1.26 1.25 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 4.572
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 3.293
CapEx/Revenue 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -0.0% -0.0% -27.5% 16.6% 5.4% 5.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Accruals Ratio -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.023
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.054
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 8.990
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.00%
Dividend/Share $1.22 $1.28 $1.34 $1.40 $1.46 $1.48 $1.50 $1.54 $1.56 $1.58 $1.67 $1.71 $1.75 $1.77 $1.84 $1.88 $1.92 $1.93 $1.97 $2.05 $1.90
Payout Ratio 36.9% 37.6% 56.0% — — — 1.1% 49.9% 51.7% 54.4% 60.2% 61.8% 54.6% 56.1% 60.4% 53.3% 55.2% 57.1% 52.4% 50.9% 50.85%
FCF Payout Ratio 10.5% 10.8% 12.0% 12.9% 15.1% 13.0% 12.8% 12.5% 12.2% 14.6% 13.7% 13.1% 12.2% 11.9% 11.1% 11.3% 10.6% 10.3% 11.6% 11.1% 11.12%
Total Payout Ratio 36.9% 37.6% 64.1% — — — 1.9% 83.0% 83.7% 83.6% 88.1% 94.2% 92.7% 1.1% 1.3% 1.1% 1.1% 81.9% 72.6% 69.3% 69.32%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.83 0.82 0.83 0.27 0.03 0.05 1.48 1.00 0.88 0.85 0.84 0.84 0.80 0.79 0.81 0.82 0.81 0.82 0.82 0.80 0.803
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.88 0.89 0.86 -0.65 3.38 3.01 0.56 0.80 0.80 0.81 0.79 0.78 0.81 0.81 0.80 0.83 0.83 0.82 0.84 0.84 0.842
EBIT Margin 0.16 0.15 0.14 -0.03 0.04 0.03 0.10 0.08 0.09 0.16 0.14 0.15 0.19 0.12 0.18 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.17 0.172
Asset Turnover 0.06 0.07 0.05 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 0.03 0.11 0.11 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.056
Equity Multiplier 16.62 16.54 16.33 15.93 15.91 16.84 16.87 16.75 16.34 18.17 18.47 18.59 18.32 18.76 18.82 19.08 19.50 19.55 19.44 20.09 20.089
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $3.30 $3.42 $2.40 $-0.05 $-0.02 $-0.05 $1.33 $3.08 $3.02 $2.91 $2.78 $2.76 $3.21 $3.16 $3.05 $3.53 $3.47 $3.39 $3.76 $4.03 $4.03
Book Value/Share $27.90 $29.38 $28.39 $28.12 $28.70 $24.85 $25.13 $24.30 $25.30 $25.16 $26.83 $27.43 $28.13 $28.95 $29.94 $29.07 $30.24 $29.83 $30.15 $31.89 $32.95
Tangible Book/Share $22.85 $24.29 $23.38 $23.03 $23.42 $19.27 $19.54 $18.82 $19.76 $19.67 $21.09 $21.48 $22.11 $22.75 $23.54 $22.76 $23.79 $22.62 $22.81 $24.29 $24.29
Revenue/Share $28.84 $30.75 $23.57 $-8.59 $-5.85 $-9.23 $15.35 $47.36 $46.84 $27.19 $31.06 $28.64 $25.93 $40.70 $26.79 $40.21 $42.15 $44.54 $46.46 $34.69 $34.73
FCF/Share $11.62 $11.90 $11.22 $10.81 $9.71 $11.42 $11.67 $12.25 $12.78 $10.86 $12.18 $13.08 $14.34 $14.88 $16.54 $16.68 $18.01 $18.79 $16.95 $18.42 $18.45
OCF/Share $11.62 $11.90 $11.22 $10.81 $9.71 $8.89 $9.13 $9.70 $10.24 $10.86 $12.18 $13.08 $14.34 $14.88 $16.54 $16.68 $18.01 $18.79 $16.95 $18.42 $18.45
Cash/Share $11.36 $11.61 $11.36 $10.92 $11.00 $10.17 $9.99 $11.18 $11.78 $10.82 $11.87 $12.28 $12.86 $14.49 $14.67 $13.86 $15.19 $8.72 $20.28 $22.70 $22.75
EBITDA/Share $4.78 $4.97 $3.34 $-0.01 $-0.75 $-0.84 $1.13 $3.42 $3.84 $3.50 $3.34 $3.31 $3.93 $4.08 $3.87 $4.37 $4.31 $4.41 $5.27 $5.59 $5.59
Debt/Share $6.11 $6.10 $6.54 $6.72 $7.06 $6.56 $7.20 $6.78 $6.88 $6.78 $7.42 $7.79 $7.43 $7.96 $8.20 $7.74 $7.89 $8.58 $7.87 $8.46 $8.46
Net Debt/Share $-5.25 $-5.51 $-4.83 $-4.20 $-3.95 $-3.61 $-2.78 $-4.40 $-4.90 $-4.04 $-4.45 $-4.49 $-5.43 $-6.53 $-6.47 $-6.12 $-7.29 $-0.14 $-12.41 $-14.24 $-14.24
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman-I Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.562
Piotroski F-Score 5 5 5 3 3 4 4 7 8 7 7 5 6 6 7 7 6 7 8 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.42 -2.13 — — -1.18 -2.57 — — -3.88 — -2.20 -2.95 -3.17 — -4.16 -0.95 1.47 -1.48 -2.65 -3.58 -3.581
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -7.012
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 17.17%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-564.81
EVA snapshot only $4123994151.00
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A-
Credit Score 69.25 69.25 66.75 48.75 46.25 46.25 48.25 66.75 66.75 66.75 61.50 61.50 66.75 66.75 65.25 66.75 67.75 66.75 66.75 66.75 66.750
Credit Grade snapshot only 7
Credit Trend snapshot only 0.000
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 175.000

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