— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: NABZY (OTC) · $vol 5M · NAUBF (OTC) · $vol 0M

NAB.AX ASX

National Australia Bank Limited
1W: -0.1% 1M: -2.0% 3M: -1.8% YTD: -12.5% 1Y: -6.4% 3Y: +49.3% 5Y: +68.8%
A$38.47 ($26.71)
-0.03 (-0.08%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.5%
A$36 A$37 A$38 A$40 A$41
ASX · Financial Services · Banks - Diversified · Tech Score Sell · Power 37 · A$117.9B mcap · 3.06B float · 0.167% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 05, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
4
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
2
P/B
2
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. NAB.AX receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/E (2/5), P/B (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 C+ B+
2026-08-31 B- C+
2026-08-05 C+ B-
2026-08-03 B- C+
2026-07-13 B B-
2026-07-01 B- B
2026-05-07 C+ B-
2026-05-06 B- C+
2026-04-24 B B-
2026-04-01 C+ B

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 10 Grade D
Profitability
43
Balance Sheet
11
Earnings Quality
56
Growth
45
Value
74
Momentum
0
Safety
15
Cash Flow
18
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. NAB.AX scores highest in Value (74/100) and lowest in Momentum (0/100). A grade of D flags significant fundamental concerns across multiple dimensions.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman-B Score
1.15
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
3.67
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
25.87
Bankruptcy prob: 100.0%
High Risk
Credit Rating
B+
Score: 30.6/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
25/100
OCF/NI: -3.58x
Accruals: 4.7%
The Altman-B Score replaces the traditional Z-Score for banks and financial institutions. It weights equity-to-assets, return on assets, retained earnings, market value coverage, and cash reserves — metrics that better capture bank solvency than manufacturing-oriented ratios. NAB.AX scores 1.15, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 3.0, distress < 1.5). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. NAB.AX scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. NAB.AX's score of 3.67 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. NAB.AX's implied 100.0% bankruptcy probability signals significant financial distress. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. NAB.AX receives an estimated rating of B+ (score: 30.6/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). NAB.AX's score of 25/100 is low — reported earnings may not be fully supported by cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
19.25x
PEG
-1.73x
P/S
2.03x
P/B
1.95x
P/FCF
-2.97x
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
16.27x
EV/Revenue
2.74x
EV/EBIT
17.06x
EV/FCF
-7.36x
Earnings Yield
8.84%
FCF Yield
-33.65%
Shareholder Yield
7.94%
Graham Number
$40.29
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 19.3x earnings, NAB.AX trades at a reasonable valuation. An earnings yield of 8.8% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $40.29 per share, suggesting a potential 5% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.705
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.864
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.161
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.104
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
18.156
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
18.5%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. NAB.AX's ROE of 18.5% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 18.16x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
9.27%
Fair P/E
27.03x
Intrinsic Value
$99.06
Price/Value
0.42x
Margin of Safety
58.17%
Premium
-58.17%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with NAB.AX's realized 9.3% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. NAB.AX trades at a -58% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $99.06, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 27.0x compares to the current market P/E of 19.3x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$38.50
Median 1Y
$40.63
5th Pctile
$27.18
95th Pctile
$60.71
Ann. Volatility
24.7%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 24.9% 24.4% 25.0% 23.7% 23.2% 22.8% 20.2% 16.8% 13.2% 13.6% 15.1% 18.7% 22.0% 22.8% 23.1% 23.4% 23.9% 19.7% 19.4% 18.5% 18.49%
ROA 1.4% 1.5% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.5% 1.3% 1.1% 0.9% 0.9% 1.0% 1.2% 1.4% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 1.02%
ROIC 10.6% 13.2% 5.1% 11.8% 4.6% 8.4% 4.5% 5.8% 3.9% 6.4% 3.6% 6.3% 4.1% 6.9% 4.4% 12.0% 6.5% 5.5% 3.3% 4.5% 4.48%
ROCE 0.0% 0.5% 1.1% 1.6% 2.1% 2.1% 1.8% 1.5% 3.0% 1.5% 3.4% 1.8% 3.7% 1.9% 1.9% 1.9% 3.8% 5.0% 3.5% 4.6% 4.64%
Gross Margin 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 47.8% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.4% 1.0% 1.0% 3.2% 19.3% 1.0% 34.8% 37.0% 37.05%
Operating Margin 51.7% 50.9% 54.9% 54.4% 51.1% 50.8% 30.3% 24.1% 24.3% 43.9% 46.7% 50.6% 34.5% 24.7% 18.7% 46.0% 10.3% 54.1% 16.3% 13.5% 13.49%
Net Margin 36.4% 34.1% 36.5% 30.6% 33.3% 32.7% 12.7% 8.8% 10.2% 29.9% 30.8% 34.2% 22.9% 16.6% 12.4% 36.2% 6.6% 34.3% 11.4% 9.6% 9.62%
EBITDA Margin -0.8% -3.1% -3.3% -11.0% -3.8% -4.1% 24.3% 22.5% 28.7% 46.9% 49.6% 53.3% 36.4% 25.9% 19.7% 50.8% 9.5% 98.7% 18.3% 14.5% 14.53%
FCF Margin -3.0% 92.4% -41.5% -55.9% -1.1% -1.5% 2.0% 22.5% 80.5% 84.9% 68.2% 1.2% 58.8% 52.1% -1.0% -75.8% -85.0% -1.2% -62.8% -37.2% -37.21%
OCF Margin 5.4% 99.0% -35.5% -50.3% -1.1% -1.4% 7.0% 27.0% 84.5% 88.5% 72.0% 1.3% 63.0% 55.6% 2.0% -72.7% -82.7% -1.1% -60.1% -35.0% -34.97%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 20.07%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 19.83%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 1.16%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 4.06%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 4.48%
Cash ROA snapshot only -3.53%
Cash ROIC snapshot only -16.20%
CROIC snapshot only -17.24%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 9.67%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 13.88%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 9.67%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.38%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 3.55 5.01 4.73 4.56 4.74 4.53 6.22 4.51 6.32 9.20 8.82 8.29 6.28 5.82 6.21 7.48 7.94 9.00 11.39 11.31 19.255
P/S Ratio 1.20 1.71 1.67 1.57 1.59 1.51 1.54 0.85 0.91 1.33 1.63 2.12 1.81 1.38 1.16 1.41 1.01 1.15 1.42 1.11 2.035
P/B Ratio 0.84 1.17 1.14 1.05 1.07 1.00 1.21 0.72 0.77 1.18 1.25 1.52 1.41 1.33 1.45 1.74 1.86 1.76 2.18 2.10 1.945
P/FCF -39.80 1.85 -4.03 -2.80 -1.43 -1.04 77.18 3.78 1.12 1.57 2.40 1.74 3.08 2.65 -118.86 -1.85 -1.18 -0.98 -2.27 -2.97 -2.972
P/OCF 22.12 1.73 — — — — 21.97 3.15 1.07 1.50 2.27 1.69 2.87 2.48 58.34 — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA -262.09 -183.37 -350.58 -70.39 -154.29 -79.56 137.44 29.50 25.64 11.93 19.32 11.97 17.70 10.77 16.66 7.70 13.11 13.76 21.11 16.27 16.270
EV/Revenue 3.08 2.94 7.50 3.28 8.31 4.45 7.23 4.00 5.15 3.49 6.81 5.26 8.08 4.03 4.89 2.22 2.49 2.95 4.43 2.74 2.739
EV/EBIT — 25.54 30.27 9.06 17.31 9.32 20.21 14.80 22.72 15.46 23.83 13.50 19.73 11.99 18.58 8.38 13.89 14.19 21.76 17.06 17.059
EV/FCF -102.10 3.18 -18.06 -5.87 -7.44 -3.06 361.92 17.77 6.39 4.11 10.00 4.32 13.73 7.75 -502.23 -2.93 -2.93 -2.51 -7.06 -7.36 -7.360
Earnings Yield 28.1% 20.0% 21.1% 21.9% 21.1% 22.1% 16.1% 22.2% 15.8% 10.9% 11.3% 12.1% 15.9% 17.2% 16.1% 13.4% 12.6% 11.1% 8.8% 8.8% 8.84%
FCF Yield -2.5% 53.9% -24.8% -35.7% -70.1% -96.5% 1.3% 26.5% 88.9% 63.8% 41.7% 57.3% 32.5% 37.7% -0.8% -53.9% -84.5% -1.0% -44.1% -33.7% -33.65%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 2.269
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 8.798
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 18.892
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 7.94%
Graham Number snapshot only $40.29
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio — — 15.23 — 10.39 — 11.71 3.25 0.35 5.37 0.24 14.84 0.28 12.02 25.00 39.15 0.22 0.14 0.31 0.00 0.002
Quick Ratio — — 74.23 — 63.65 — 83.07 3.25 0.43 5.37 0.30 14.84 0.29 12.02 25.95 39.15 0.22 0.14 0.31 0.00 0.002
Debt/Equity 2.62 2.56 4.64 2.64 5.03 2.72 4.92 3.56 4.19 2.76 4.40 2.96 4.92 3.49 4.73 3.14 4.59 4.29 4.60 3.14 3.137
Net Debt/Equity 1.31 0.84 3.96 1.15 4.52 1.96 4.46 2.66 3.63 1.91 3.97 2.24 4.88 2.55 4.68 1.01 2.75 2.74 4.60 3.11 3.108
Debt/Assets 0.15 0.16 0.30 0.17 0.33 0.18 0.32 0.22 0.30 0.20 0.30 0.19 0.28 0.20 0.27 0.18 0.26 0.24 0.26 0.17 0.166
Debt/EBITDA -319.57 -234.65 -318.89 -84.71 -138.57 -73.17 119.46 31.09 24.42 10.70 16.27 9.44 13.86 9.68 12.84 8.77 13.03 13.11 14.32 9.79 9.792
Net Debt/EBITDA -159.94 -76.63 -272.29 -36.73 -124.71 -52.61 108.13 23.23 21.13 7.38 14.69 7.14 13.73 7.09 12.72 2.83 7.81 8.38 14.32 9.70 9.701
Interest Coverage — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.05 0.51 0.515
Equity Multiplier 17.35 15.54 15.37 15.20 15.30 15.29 15.24 15.89 14.14 14.15 14.75 15.99 17.88 17.07 17.32 17.45 17.58 17.62 17.63 18.87 18.868
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.002
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 0.540
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.009
FCF to Debt snapshot only -0.226
Defensive Interval snapshot only 35.2 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.104
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover — 18.22 32.12 — 141.19 — 31.57 — 72.03 — 48.74 — 29.51 — 35.95 — 90.19 — 67.08 3033.39 3033.395
Payables Turnover — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 3.83 — 4.50 — 0.00 — -3.35 — -1.44 — 4.46 — 12.55 — —
DSO 0 20 11 0 3 0 12 0 5 0 7 0 12 0 10 0 4 0 5 0 0.1 days
DIO — — — — — — -6200 0 -3645 0 — — — — — — -42 0 -28 0 0.0 days
DPO — — — — — — 95 0 81 0 — — — — — — 82 0 29 0 —
Cash Conversion Cycle — — — — — — -6283 0 -3721 0 — — — — — — -120 0 -51 0 —
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 42.347
Cash Velocity snapshot only 65.014
Capital Intensity snapshot only 9.913
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 10.7% 7.7% 7.7% 3.1% 1.6% 4.0% 24.8% 40.2% 47.6% 51.2% 10.6% -11.5% -12.3% 8.6% 59.2% 74.6% 1.5% 60.8% 25.8% 51.5% 51.48%
Net Income 32.5% 30.2% 25.9% 9.7% 0.9% 1.1% -12.5% -23.0% -37.0% -34.2% -17.4% 20.2% 76.4% 78.0% 60.3% 28.1% 8.8% -13.2% -15.7% -21.2% -21.17%
EPS 9.9% 6.5% 3.4% -7.2% -5.9% -3.9% -17.6% -32.1% -46.0% -44.3% -28.2% 14.0% 77.2% 85.2% 64.4% 32.3% 14.5% -11.8% -8.6% -13.5% -13.48%
FCF 93.0% 1.9% 58.8% -1.5% -36.6% -2.6% 1.1% 1.6% 2.1% 1.9% 36.7% 3.8% -35.9% -33.4% -1.0% -2.1% -4.6% -4.6% -80.0% 25.6% 25.63%
EBITDA -1.0% -1.0% -1.3% -2.5% -3.7% -2.6% 4.1% 5.1% 6.5% 8.9% 6.4% 1.9% 99.2% 39.0% 32.6% 14.7% 3.1% -8.0% -10.2% -11.6% -11.65%
Op. Income 40.7% 28.8% 25.1% 6.9% 3.1% 5.6% 1.6% -5.1% -14.7% -14.3% -15.8% 0.3% 23.6% 28.8% 33.0% 16.4% 5.9% -15.3% -18.8% -19.0% -19.00%
OCF Growth snapshot only 27.13%
Asset Growth snapshot only 6.69%
Equity Growth snapshot only -1.31%
Debt Growth snapshot only -1.32%
Shares Change snapshot only -8.89%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 3.30%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 1.8% 4.5% 4.3% 4.1% 4.3% 4.6% 10.6% 15.6% 18.4% 19.2% 14.1% 8.6% 9.6% 19.5% 30.0% 29.4% 47.5% 38.2% 30.4% 32.8% 32.77%
Revenue 5Y 2.7% -0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.6% 1.1% 4.4% 6.4% 9.6% 12.4% 9.4% 6.9% 8.0% 13.4% 18.9% 19.0% 29.2% 24.2% 24.4% 27.6% 27.61%
EPS 3Y 26.4% 30.6% 38.3% 37.9% 29.1% 22.3% 18.8% 10.8% -17.7% -17.1% -15.1% -10.5% -3.4% -0.3% -0.9% 0.8% 3.1% -3.1% 2.6% 9.3% 9.27%
EPS 5Y 23.1% 14.8% 13.8% 11.0% 9.0% 7.6% 5.0% 0.2% 0.5% 3.6% 9.4% 15.2% 15.5% 13.6% 14.6% 15.4% 2.5% -1.4% -1.7% -3.9% -3.85%
Net Income 3Y 13.3% 18.4% 21.0% 21.0% 13.6% 8.2% 4.8% 0.4% -5.5% -4.7% -3.1% 0.5% 3.9% 5.8% 5.0% 5.8% 6.6% 0.5% 3.8% 6.7% 6.67%
Net Income 5Y 19.8% 12.5% 11.2% 8.6% 7.1% 5.9% 3.6% 0.4% -1.5% 2.0% 5.1% 10.4% 10.3% 8.2% 8.8% 9.3% 10.1% 6.0% 4.2% 0.5% 0.48%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — -65.2% -47.2% -30.3% -1.5% 90.2% — — — — — — — 1.1% 42.7% 42.71%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — -47.5% -36.0% -29.4% -22.8% -20.4% -17.0% -16.1% -15.9% -16.2% -13.5% -7.0% 4.1% 52.3% — —
Gross Profit 3Y 1.8% 4.5% 4.3% 4.1% 4.3% 4.6% 2.7% 8.4% 11.5% 12.5% 14.1% 8.6% 13.6% 23.0% 32.9% 42.9% 37.8% 27.2% 17.3% -4.1% -4.06%
Gross Profit 5Y 2.7% -0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.6% 1.1% -0.1% 2.4% 5.7% 8.6% 9.4% 6.9% 10.3% 15.4% 20.5% 26.3% 24.1% 18.2% 11.7% 1.0% 1.05%
Op. Income 3Y 24.0% 30.3% 26.0% 20.4% 17.6% 15.3% 14.7% 11.9% 7.3% 5.2% 2.3% 0.6% 2.8% 5.2% 4.4% 3.5% 3.8% -2.2% -3.1% -1.8% -1.85%
Op. Income 5Y -9.2% -13.2% -10.0% -7.3% -2.3% 4.7% 7.9% 10.0% 10.9% 14.9% 11.3% 10.7% 11.4% 11.1% 11.1% 10.3% 10.1% 4.9% 2.9% -0.8% -0.83%
FCF 3Y — 16.7% — — — — -53.9% — — — — — — -1.3% — — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — 49.9% — — — — — — 44.4% 18.1% 12.2% 25.8% 12.5% 18.5% — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y -39.2% 16.1% — — — — -34.4% — — — — — 1.5% -1.4% — — — — — — —
OCF 5Y -32.0% 11.1% — — — — — — 39.2% 17.1% 11.4% 24.2% 11.5% 16.9% -32.5% — — — — — —
Assets 3Y 9.8% 6.5% 6.4% 5.1% 5.5% 3.1% 4.0% 6.7% 4.4% 2.5% 3.1% 0.6% 6.7% 9.9% 10.3% 10.4% 10.2% 9.8% 9.4% 7.2% 7.20%
Assets 5Y 16.1% 13.5% 13.4% 10.4% 10.7% 7.9% 8.5% 7.1% 5.7% 5.9% 7.2% 7.3% 9.0% 6.8% 7.0% 7.0% 7.2% 6.2% 5.6% 3.6% 3.58%
Equity 3Y 15.1% 10.4% 10.7% 10.4% 10.6% 8.6% 9.7% 10.1% 11.1% 10.0% 9.8% 7.4% 5.7% 6.5% 6.0% 5.4% 5.3% 4.8% 4.2% 1.2% 1.23%
Book Value 3Y 28.5% 21.8% 26.5% 25.8% 25.6% 22.8% 24.3% 21.4% -3.1% -4.4% -3.8% -4.3% -1.8% 0.4% 0.0% 0.4% 1.8% 0.9% 3.0% 3.7% 3.69%
Dividend 3Y 23.0% 20.6% 23.1% 22.8% 20.1% 14.0% 8.3% 3.2% -25.6% -28.3% -23.4% -18.8% -1.3% 12.4% 11.9% 11.8% 7.0% -3.3% -1.3% 0.4% 0.38%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.10 0.20 0.32 0.34 0.52 0.63 0.84 0.67 0.67 0.79 0.74 0.69 0.60 0.80 0.86 0.75 0.752
Earnings Stability 0.76 0.69 0.68 0.63 0.74 0.68 0.57 0.30 0.09 0.14 0.24 0.43 0.24 0.21 0.28 0.43 0.32 0.18 0.18 0.10 0.104
Margin Stability 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.91 0.92 0.92 0.93 0.91 0.92 0.90 0.91 0.90 0.82 0.87 0.86 0.78 0.58 0.578
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.87 0.88 0.90 0.96 1.00 1.00 0.95 0.91 0.85 0.86 0.93 0.92 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.89 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.92 0.915
Earnings Smoothness 0.72 0.74 0.77 0.91 0.99 0.99 0.87 0.74 0.55 0.59 0.81 0.82 0.45 0.44 0.54 0.75 0.92 0.86 0.83 0.76 0.763
ROE Trend 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.03 -0.07 -0.11 -0.10 -0.08 -0.01 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.02 0.00 -0.02 -0.022
Gross Margin Trend 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.20 -0.18 -0.16 -0.16 0.10 0.09 0.20 0.17 0.17 0.44 -0.16 -0.19 -0.45 -0.86 -0.863
FCF Margin Trend -0.03 1.24 -0.01 -0.17 -0.86 -1.39 0.77 0.62 1.38 1.11 0.88 1.38 0.74 0.82 -0.36 -1.48 -1.55 -1.86 -0.96 -0.60 -0.602
Sustainable Growth Rate 8.9% 7.5% 7.6% 6.4% 5.7% 6.8% 6.2% 3.8% 3.4% 5.5% 6.6% 9.6% 10.9% 9.8% 9.6% 8.9% 8.9% 6.6% 6.0% 4.9% 4.86%
Internal Growth Rate 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.4% 0.6% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.27%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.16 2.89 -1.00 -1.47 -3.15 -4.21 0.28 1.43 5.90 6.12 3.88 4.91 2.19 2.34 0.11 -3.87 -6.53 -8.96 -4.80 -3.58 -3.577
FCF/OCF -0.56 0.93 1.17 1.11 1.06 1.04 0.28 0.83 0.95 0.96 0.95 0.97 0.93 0.94 -0.49 1.04 1.03 1.02 1.04 1.06 1.064
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -3.806
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only -2.078
CapEx/Revenue 8.4% 6.6% 6.0% 5.5% 5.9% 5.5% 5.0% 4.5% 4.0% 3.6% 3.8% 4.1% 4.2% 3.6% 3.0% 3.1% 2.3% 2.6% 2.7% 2.2% 2.24%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 2.872
Accruals Ratio 0.01 -0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.01 -0.00 -0.04 -0.05 -0.03 -0.05 -0.02 -0.02 0.01 0.07 0.10 0.11 0.06 0.05 0.047
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.905
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only -3.703
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.250
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 18.1% 13.8% 14.7% 16.0% 15.9% 15.5% 11.2% 17.2% 11.8% 6.5% 6.4% 5.9% 8.0% 9.8% 9.4% 8.3% 7.9% 7.4% 6.1% 6.5% 4.41%
Dividend/Share $2.75 $2.86 $2.97 $3.02 $3.03 $2.79 $2.44 $2.18 $1.62 $1.32 $1.42 $1.56 $1.94 $2.34 $2.43 $2.61 $2.76 $2.40 $2.62 $2.70 $1.70
Payout Ratio 64.3% 69.1% 69.5% 72.9% 75.2% 70.1% 69.3% 77.6% 74.4% 59.7% 56.1% 48.9% 50.5% 57.0% 58.3% 61.7% 62.7% 66.4% 68.9% 73.7% 73.71%
FCF Payout Ratio — 25.6% — — — — 8.6% 65.0% 13.2% 10.2% 15.2% 10.3% 24.7% 25.9% — — — — — — —
Total Payout Ratio 69.4% 75.1% 72.8% 76.2% 78.6% 76.1% 82.8% 93.2% 98.0% 98.5% 87.6% 92.1% 98.8% 92.6% 92.2% 88.4% 85.7% 92.1% 92.1% 89.8% 89.80%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
Chowder Number 0.52 0.44 0.40 0.41 0.34 0.18 -0.02 -0.01 -0.26 -0.37 -0.27 -0.18 0.28 0.80 0.76 0.70 0.43 0.09 0.06 0.01 0.006
Buyback Yield 1.5% 1.2% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 1.3% 2.2% 3.5% 3.7% 4.2% 3.6% 5.2% 7.7% 6.1% 5.5% 3.6% 2.9% 2.9% 2.0% 1.4% 1.42%
Net Buyback Yield -26.3% -48.5% -29.8% -31.6% -30.8% -36.6% -29.9% -49.7% -52.0% -3.7% -2.2% 1.3% 6.8% 5.3% 5.3% 3.6% 2.7% 2.5% 2.0% 1.4% 1.42%
Total Shareholder Return -8.2% -34.7% -15.1% -15.6% -14.9% -21.1% -18.8% -32.4% -40.2% 2.8% 4.2% 7.2% 14.9% 15.1% 14.7% 11.8% 10.6% 9.9% 8.1% 7.9% 7.94%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.65 0.66 0.67 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.69 0.70 0.63 0.64 0.65 0.66 0.70 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.70 0.705
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) — 4.47 2.12 1.35 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.864
EBIT Margin 0.00 0.12 0.25 0.36 0.48 0.48 0.36 0.27 0.23 0.23 0.29 0.39 0.41 0.34 0.26 0.27 0.18 0.21 0.20 0.16 0.161
Asset Turnover 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.104
Equity Multiplier 17.22 16.47 16.55 17.26 16.30 15.41 15.30 15.56 14.68 14.69 14.98 15.94 15.97 15.61 16.02 16.72 17.72 17.35 17.48 18.16 18.156
Per Share
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $4.28 $4.14 $4.27 $4.14 $4.02 $3.98 $3.52 $2.81 $2.17 $2.22 $2.53 $3.20 $3.85 $4.10 $4.16 $4.24 $4.41 $3.62 $3.80 $3.66 $3.66
Book Value/Share $18.12 $17.80 $17.75 $17.97 $17.78 $17.99 $18.13 $17.66 $17.72 $17.34 $17.79 $17.50 $17.15 $17.99 $17.78 $18.18 $18.78 $18.50 $19.82 $19.69 $20.02
Tangible Book/Share $15.65 $15.91 $15.82 $16.04 $15.83 $16.03 $16.31 $16.24 $16.09 $16.27 $16.07 $16.30 $15.19 $16.59 $16.34 $16.69 $17.19 $16.90 $18.05 $18.27 $18.27
Revenue/Share $12.66 $12.11 $12.07 $12.04 $11.98 $11.97 $14.20 $14.90 $15.15 $15.32 $13.65 $12.50 $13.35 $17.31 $22.29 $22.54 $34.80 $28.27 $30.38 $37.47 $18.94
FCF/Share $-0.38 $11.19 $-5.01 $-6.73 $-13.38 $-17.40 $0.28 $3.35 $12.20 $13.01 $9.30 $15.21 $7.86 $9.01 $-0.22 $-17.08 $-29.58 $-33.14 $-19.07 $-13.94 $-0.25
OCF/Share $0.69 $11.99 $-4.28 $-6.06 $-12.67 $-16.74 $1.00 $4.02 $12.81 $13.56 $9.82 $15.72 $8.42 $9.63 $0.44 $-16.39 $-28.78 $-32.42 $-18.25 $-13.11 $0.20
Cash/Share $23.75 $30.70 $12.03 $26.90 $8.94 $13.75 $8.47 $15.88 $10.02 $14.87 $7.64 $12.67 $0.77 $16.78 $0.84 $38.64 $34.52 $28.66 $0.00 $0.58 $0.58
EBITDA/Share $-0.15 $-0.19 $-0.26 $-0.56 $-0.65 $-0.67 $0.75 $2.02 $3.04 $4.48 $4.81 $5.49 $6.09 $6.48 $6.55 $6.51 $6.61 $6.06 $6.37 $6.31 $6.31
Debt/Share $47.55 $45.59 $82.32 $47.50 $89.38 $48.96 $89.26 $62.79 $74.31 $47.92 $78.35 $51.86 $84.44 $62.70 $84.08 $57.03 $86.14 $79.42 $91.24 $61.77 $61.77
Net Debt/Share $23.80 $14.89 $70.29 $20.60 $80.45 $35.20 $80.80 $46.91 $64.29 $33.04 $70.70 $39.20 $83.66 $45.92 $83.24 $18.39 $51.63 $50.76 $91.24 $61.19 $61.19
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman-B Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.150
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only -3.950
Piotroski F-Score 5 6 3 3 3 2 3 4 5 4 6 6 7 6 7 7 5 3 4 4 4
Beneish M-Score -2.26 -3.58 -2.26 -2.34 -2.13 -2.03 -1.55 -1.88 -2.59 -2.49 -3.02 -3.00 -2.38 -1.31 -0.98 -2.56 3.05 -2.92 -2.00 3.67 3.672
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only 25.874
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-350.99
EVA snapshot only $-13730160016.26
Credit
Metric Trend Q2'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only B+
Credit Score 45.43 65.79 54.84 56.63 53.24 57.06 57.41 61.79 39.82 63.04 40.16 65.96 38.57 61.41 52.42 67.50 38.77 38.40 35.98 30.62 30.620
Credit Grade snapshot only 14
Credit Trend snapshot only -36.877
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 650.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 4
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 17

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