— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: NHY.OL (OSL) · $vol 26M · NHYDY (OTC) · $vol 3M

NHYKF OTC

Norsk Hydro ASA
1W: -7.5% 1M: -15.0% 3M: -16.6% YTD: -7.2% 1Y: +3.8% 3Y: +45.5% 5Y: +11.8%
$7.43
+0.07 (+1.02%)
After Hours: $7.38 (-0.05, -0.74%)
Weekly Expected Move ±4.1%
$7 $7 $7 $8 $8
OTC · Basic Materials · Aluminum · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 38 · $14.5B mcap · 1.28B float · 0.0018% daily turnover · Short 33% of daily vol
Credit Risk of going bust: lower than 56% of companies Debt: 21.0% of company value Bonds: none of note held by US funds details ▾
If the stock fell to about $0.18 (down 98%), Norsk Hydro ASA would be worth roughly what it owes.
Total debt $3.84B against a stock market value of $14.46B.
Distance to default 5.71 (Merton model): prices to 2026-10-26, balance sheet 2026-06-30, debt counted $2.28B (short-term plus half of long-term), stock volatility 39.7%; Altman Z'' 3.89. A ranking and a back-test, not a forecast.
US fund filings (SEC N-PORT) show under $25M of this company's bonds, so there is no bond page. Its debt may be bank loans or privately placed. How these are computed.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 0Hold: 1Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A
Oct 27, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
4
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
3
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. NHYKF receives an overall rating of A. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-26 A- A
2026-07-24 B+ A-
2026-05-26 B B+
2026-05-22 B+ B
2026-02-24 A- B+
2026-02-18 B+ A-
2026-02-18 None ADDED
2026-02-18 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A
Profitability
38
Balance Sheet
79
Earnings Quality
81
Growth
47
Value
—
Momentum
77
Safety
—
Cash Flow
35

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.39
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-9.98
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A
Score: 71.4/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.41x
Accruals: -2.5%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. NHYKF scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. NHYKF's score of -2.39 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. NHYKF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. NHYKF receives an estimated rating of A (score: 71.4/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). NHYKF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
10.42x
PEG
0.57x
P/S
0.65x
P/B
1.27x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$89.33
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 10.4x earnings, NHYKF trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $89.33 per share, suggesting a potential 1114% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.662
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.964
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.098
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.992
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.988
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
12.3%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. NHYKF's ROE of 12.3% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.992), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$251.24
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with NHYKF's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. NHYKF actually compounded EPS at 27.3% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. NHYKF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $251.24, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 10.4x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$7.44
Median 1Y
$6.26
5th Pctile
$1.64
95th Pctile
$24.20
Ann. Volatility
81.3%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
ROE 15.4% 19.5% 28.4% 33.6% 25.9% 19.4% 13.2% 6.1% 3.5% 3.0% 0.2% 1.3% 5.7% 9.3% 9.7% 11.0% 6.7% 6.0% 9.6% 12.3% 12.31%
ROA 7.2% 9.3% 14.0% 16.7% 12.9% 9.8% 6.7% 3.1% 1.8% 1.5% 0.1% 0.7% 2.8% 4.6% 4.7% 5.3% 3.2% 2.9% 4.7% 6.2% 6.19%
ROIC 17.3% 22.0% 29.5% 31.8% 24.1% 18.1% 11.9% 5.6% 5.8% 3.3% -14.4% 2.3% 19.6% 20.8% 25.5% 23.3% 20.3% 18.0% 21.3% 19.7% 19.70%
ROCE 25.2% 24.6% 29.3% 31.8% 24.2% 23.1% 19.1% 12.3% 10.1% 9.2% 11.6% 12.4% 16.6% 16.9% 13.1% 13.8% 10.0% 8.0% 10.5% 11.9% 11.94%
Gross Margin 42.0% 33.1% 39.5% 30.5% 48.9% 31.0% 35.8% 26.6% 15.1% 17.4% 15.3% 31.0% 52.1% 35.2% 31.9% 29.8% 26.4% 31.9% 38.3% 22.8% 22.82%
Operating Margin 23.8% 18.5% 22.2% 16.2% 3.5% 5.1% 13.9% 1.3% -0.4% 6.4% 6.5% 23.1% 21.0% 22.7% 18.9% 16.7% 10.6% 18.1% 26.0% 12.3% 12.34%
Net Margin 15.3% 12.3% 17.4% 13.1% 0.7% 2.6% 9.7% -0.8% -5.6% 2.0% 4.3% 1.6% 3.5% 8.5% 3.9% 4.3% -5.0% 8.4% 10.1% 10.2% 10.24%
EBITDA Margin 35.6% 26.6% 25.6% 28.0% 10.0% 25.1% 18.3% 18.6% 5.2% 24.8% 24.0% 9.5% 14.0% 22.1% 12.5% 12.3% 4.4% 18.8% 20.4% 17.5% 17.52%
FCF Margin 3.1% 2.3% 8.2% 10.1% 9.5% 10.6% 8.0% 7.5% 4.5% 2.3% -0.7% -0.7% 0.9% 2.9% 4.8% 4.6% 5.6% 2.9% 3.6% 3.2% 3.25%
OCF Margin 7.1% 6.1% 11.8% 14.0% 14.1% 15.8% 14.2% 14.3% 11.5% 9.6% 6.6% 6.2% 7.6% 9.1% 10.6% 10.2% 11.2% 8.7% 9.2% 8.8% 8.79%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 8.06%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 11.86%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 4.05%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 8.96%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 17.49%
Cash ROA snapshot only 8.64%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 14.75%
CROIC snapshot only 5.44%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 11.75%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 9.43%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 3.81%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10.425
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.653
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.270
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.569
Graham Number snapshot only $89.33
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.91 1.91 1.92 1.88 2.08 2.21 2.05 1.84 1.90 1.88 1.52 1.60 1.53 1.65 1.92 1.91 1.73 1.85 1.91 2.02 2.025
Quick Ratio 1.36 1.35 1.30 1.25 1.38 1.49 1.33 1.18 1.32 1.28 1.02 1.07 0.96 1.10 1.27 1.25 1.14 1.22 1.21 1.26 1.257
Debt/Equity 0.34 0.30 0.29 0.30 0.32 0.33 0.33 0.35 0.01 0.37 0.40 0.38 0.00 0.36 0.38 0.36 0.37 0.33 0.34 0.33 0.330
Net Debt/Equity 0.02 -0.07 -0.04 -0.01 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.12 -0.25 0.14 0.17 0.14 -0.17 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.09 0.11 0.14 0.15 0.147
Debt/Assets 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.00 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.169
Debt/EBITDA 0.68 0.61 0.53 0.53 0.68 0.74 0.85 1.03 0.03 1.21 1.13 1.22 0.00 1.00 1.18 1.11 1.33 1.38 1.22 1.10 1.099
Net Debt/EBITDA 0.04 -0.14 -0.08 -0.02 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.37 -0.78 0.45 0.48 0.44 -0.46 0.38 0.45 0.39 0.32 0.47 0.50 0.49 0.488
Interest Coverage 30.67 33.22 37.87 42.61 29.96 25.83 18.97 10.42 7.69 6.53 6.56 6.78 9.10 9.82 8.58 9.42 6.82 5.82 7.91 8.81 8.811
Equity Multiplier 2.08 2.04 1.99 1.93 1.94 1.95 1.95 1.99 2.05 2.02 2.08 2.09 2.04 2.03 2.05 2.02 2.09 2.02 2.02 1.96 1.957
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.482
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 14.064
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.556
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.189
Defensive Interval snapshot only 673.3 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.88 0.93 1.09 1.13 1.11 1.04 0.98 0.93 0.95 0.90 0.91 0.94 0.98 1.01 1.05 1.05 1.00 0.97 0.99 0.99 0.992
Inventory Turnover 4.68 5.41 5.37 5.31 4.99 4.75 4.36 4.18 5.03 5.23 5.68 5.77 5.33 5.35 5.18 5.07 5.12 5.12 4.91 4.91 4.914
Receivables Turnover 10.75 7.69 7.94 8.71 14.89 7.73 7.01 6.96 16.35 6.68 6.69 7.01 13.13 7.07 7.57 7.61 10.93 6.44 6.91 7.13 7.135
Payables Turnover 5.89 5.02 4.98 5.70 6.96 5.18 4.64 4.78 7.44 5.56 5.91 6.08 7.44 5.26 5.17 5.28 7.40 5.33 5.33 5.81 5.812
DSO 34 47 46 42 25 47 52 52 22 55 55 52 28 52 48 48 33 57 53 51 51.2 days
DIO 78 67 68 69 73 77 84 87 73 70 64 63 69 68 70 72 71 71 74 74 74.3 days
DPO 62 73 73 64 52 70 79 76 49 66 62 60 49 69 71 69 49 68 69 63 62.8 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 50 42 41 47 45 54 57 63 46 59 57 55 47 50 48 51 55 60 59 63 62.6 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 2.654
Operating Cycle snapshot only 125.4 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 10.469
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.018
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Revenue 8.4% 24.5% 43.5% 51.2% 38.9% 27.7% 2.1% -9.2% -7.5% -8.8% -5.3% 1.3% 5.5% 11.1% 14.5% 11.5% 2.4% -5.3% -5.0% -4.8% -4.75%
Net Income 5.6% 2.2% 1.8% 2.1% 98.6% 19.6% -45.9% -79.3% -85.2% -83.4% -98.6% -79.1% 61.6% 2.0% 49.2% 7.2% 16.0% -36.8% 1.8% 16.8% 16.76%
EPS 5.6% 2.2% 1.8% 2.0% 99.0% 20.3% -45.4% -79.1% -84.9% -83.2% -98.6% -78.7% 63.4% 2.0% 50.0% 7.3% 17.8% -36.5% 2.2% 17.2% 17.23%
FCF -35.5% -45.6% 1.4% 10.0% 3.2% 5.0% -0.7% -32.3% -56.6% -80.5% -1.1% -1.1% -79.0% 43.2% 8.7% 7.9% 5.5% -6.8% -29.1% -33.5% -33.48%
EBITDA 87.7% 77.5% 83.7% 67.4% 14.8% 4.0% -24.1% -42.3% -32.0% -32.6% -15.9% -10.6% 11.4% 15.4% -8.0% 7.0% -24.3% -34.5% -7.9% -3.3% -3.30%
Op. Income 2.5% 3.0% 3.0% 3.1% 68.8% 6.8% -44.5% -71.7% -68.7% -59.6% -66.5% 46.8% 1.8% 2.6% 5.9% 1.4% 23.9% -17.2% -19.3% -18.2% -18.21%
OCF Growth snapshot only -17.54%
Asset Growth snapshot only 1.80%
Equity Growth snapshot only 5.16%
Debt Growth snapshot only -4.60%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.41%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 38.99%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Revenue 3Y -2.1% 1.5% 7.9% 11.3% 11.6% 11.8% 11.8% 11.5% 11.7% 13.2% 11.5% 11.6% 10.7% 9.0% 3.4% 0.9% 0.0% -1.4% 1.0% 2.5% 2.49%
Revenue 5Y 12.8% 14.1% 16.9% 18.1% 13.7% 10.7% 6.8% 3.6% 3.8% 4.0% 4.0% 4.9% 6.3% 7.2% 8.7% 9.4% 8.5% 8.8% 8.6% 8.1% 8.12%
EPS 3Y 41.8% 96.2% — — — — — — 25.4% -13.2% -72.0% -48.6% -21.2% -15.1% -26.5% -28.3% -33.8% -31.4% -9.5% 27.3% 27.32%
EPS 5Y 13.7% 22.9% 36.0% 37.2% 22.4% 16.7% 7.1% -5.2% -3.1% 8.9% — — — — — — 30.6% 4.6% 2.7% 5.7% 5.67%
Net Income 3Y 41.9% 96.3% — — — — — — 24.8% -13.8% -72.2% -49.1% -21.9% -16.2% -27.5% -29.2% -34.7% -32.3% -10.5% 26.1% 26.07%
Net Income 5Y 13.7% 23.0% 36.1% 37.3% 22.4% 16.7% 6.9% -5.4% -3.4% 8.4% — — — — — — 29.5% 3.7% 1.8% 4.8% 4.79%
EBITDA 3Y 41.5% 56.6% 76.8% 1.0% 75.3% 61.9% 43.7% 32.4% 13.6% 7.5% 5.4% -4.8% -4.6% -6.8% -16.3% -18.0% -16.9% -20.1% -10.7% -2.6% -2.57%
EBITDA 5Y 28.5% 29.4% 30.8% 33.3% 23.7% 21.3% 16.7% 12.5% 17.2% 21.9% 28.7% 33.8% 32.5% 27.0% 18.1% 17.3% 4.3% -1.2% -0.1% -2.2% -2.24%
Gross Profit 3Y 2.3% 6.9% 16.5% 20.1% 21.6% 19.2% 17.5% 15.4% -0.4% -3.8% -13.7% -10.8% 4.3% 7.9% 4.4% 1.8% -6.3% -8.2% -3.1% -2.9% -2.90%
Gross Profit 5Y 16.8% 18.1% 22.1% 23.1% 14.8% 11.5% 7.1% 3.6% 1.4% -0.3% -5.2% -2.8% 6.6% 9.3% 12.9% 12.9% 3.8% 3.2% 3.9% 2.8% 2.78%
Op. Income 3Y 36.1% 73.0% 1.4% — — 1.3% 1.0% 44.8% 22.4% 19.9% -9.3% 19.2% 14.5% 16.0% 8.7% 0.3% 3.3% 6.6% 23.1% 43.0% 42.96%
Op. Income 5Y 15.3% 21.7% 33.4% 34.6% 23.0% 17.4% 8.9% 0.1% 5.9% 17.4% 21.3% — — 78.1% 80.4% 61.1% 45.3% 38.9% 33.0% 27.5% 27.47%
FCF 3Y — — — — 73.0% 70.0% 46.1% 29.0% 5.9% -14.1% — — -27.2% 18.6% -13.8% -22.0% -16.0% -36.1% -22.9% -22.5% -22.47%
FCF 5Y 8.5% -1.4% 28.1% 31.5% 22.9% 21.5% 24.1% 24.8% — — — — -14.0% 6.6% 15.0% 8.5% 10.2% -3.3% 1.8% 28.2% 28.23%
OCF 3Y 15.0% 20.0% 49.5% 55.5% 32.8% 36.2% 30.4% 25.7% 18.0% 13.3% -0.2% 16.2% 12.9% 24.5% -0.2% -9.3% -7.4% -19.3% -12.6% -12.9% -12.86%
OCF 5Y 1.3% -1.7% 14.8% 19.2% 15.4% 16.2% 17.0% 17.0% 25.9% 26.0% 12.6% 9.1% 4.1% 8.1% 12.5% 9.8% 11.5% 6.6% 8.4% 18.6% 18.61%
Assets 3Y 2.5% 5.2% 5.9% 7.4% 6.5% 5.7% 7.9% 7.4% 7.9% 9.5% 8.6% 7.8% 5.9% 2.8% 0.9% -0.2% 1.6% -0.7% 0.2% 0.6% 0.63%
Assets 5Y 5.9% 7.4% 8.5% 8.5% 4.0% 5.9% 6.1% 5.7% 5.0% 5.3% 4.2% 4.4% 4.8% 3.0% 4.1% 4.4% 4.8% 5.0% 5.5% 4.9% 4.87%
Equity 3Y -0.7% 3.5% 7.0% 10.1% 8.6% 9.3% 12.2% 11.8% 10.6% 12.2% 8.1% 8.5% 6.5% 2.9% -0.0% -1.7% -0.9% -1.9% -1.0% 1.2% 1.23%
Book Value 3Y -0.8% 3.4% 6.9% 10.0% 8.6% 9.5% 12.5% 12.2% 11.2% 13.0% 8.9% 9.5% 7.5% 4.2% 1.3% -0.5% 0.5% -0.7% 0.2% 2.2% 2.23%
Dividend 3Y 2.3% 2.3% 29.6% 40.1% 71.3% 71.6% 11.6% -0.9% -0.8% -0.6% -26.5% -27.9% -27.7% -27.5% -8.8% -2.7% -1.6% -1.8% 12.7% 12.6% 12.55%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.50 0.58 0.71 0.72 0.75 0.68 0.59 0.33 0.41 0.47 0.49 0.47 0.66 0.78 0.77 0.65 0.67 0.61 0.75 0.83 0.831
Earnings Stability 0.00 0.08 0.23 0.30 0.36 0.40 0.30 0.19 0.23 0.27 0.12 0.08 0.10 0.16 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.13 0.07 0.075
Margin Stability 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.89 0.91 0.91 0.93 0.86 0.82 0.73 0.76 0.86 0.84 0.75 0.78 0.85 0.82 0.74 0.76 0.761
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.92 0.82 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.94 0.85 0.99 0.93 0.933
Earnings Smoothness 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.34 0.82 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.85 0.55 0.98 0.85 0.845
ROE Trend 0.14 0.16 0.23 0.25 0.15 0.06 -0.06 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.19 -0.16 -0.08 -0.01 0.03 0.07 0.02 -0.00 0.04 0.06 0.059
Gross Margin Trend 0.01 -0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.02 -0.09 -0.12 -0.18 -0.16 -0.03 0.03 0.10 0.10 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.015
FCF Margin Trend -0.01 -0.02 0.04 0.07 0.05 0.07 0.01 0.02 -0.02 -0.04 -0.09 -0.10 -0.06 -0.04 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.013
Sustainable Growth Rate 11.8% 16.2% 15.6% 18.1% 10.7% 5.4% -2.0% -7.0% -9.9% -9.7% -5.7% -3.6% 0.8% 4.5% 5.2% 6.5% 2.1% 1.5% 3.6% 6.4% 6.41%
Internal Growth Rate 5.8% 8.3% 8.3% 9.9% 5.6% 2.8% — — — — — — 0.4% 2.3% 2.6% 3.3% 1.0% 0.7% 1.8% 3.3% 3.33%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.88 0.61 0.92 0.95 1.22 1.69 2.07 4.26 6.20 5.66 65.47 8.99 2.65 2.00 2.38 1.99 3.47 2.85 1.93 1.41 1.408
FCF/OCF 0.44 0.37 0.70 0.72 0.67 0.67 0.56 0.52 0.39 0.24 -0.11 -0.12 0.12 0.32 0.45 0.46 0.50 0.33 0.39 0.37 0.369
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.520
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.563
CapEx/Revenue 4.0% 3.8% 3.6% 3.9% 4.6% 5.2% 6.2% 6.8% 7.1% 7.4% 7.4% 7.0% 6.7% 6.2% 5.9% 5.5% 5.6% 5.8% 5.6% 5.5% 5.55%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.951
Accruals Ratio 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.01 -0.03 -0.07 -0.07 -0.10 -0.09 -0.07 -0.06 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.07 -0.05 -0.08 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.025
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.038
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.030
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.37%
Dividend/Share $1.38 $1.38 $5.53 $6.97 $6.93 $6.96 $7.70 $6.79 $6.77 $6.80 $3.04 $2.51 $2.51 $2.54 $2.25 $2.25 $2.33 $2.33 $3.13 $3.13 $3.00
Payout Ratio 23.2% 17.1% 45.1% 46.2% 58.7% 72.0% 1.2% 2.1% 3.8% 4.2% 31.9% 3.7% 86.6% 51.8% 46.3% 40.4% 68.2% 74.8% 63.0% 47.9% 47.94%
FCF Payout Ratio 60.6% 75.4% 70.8% 67.7% 71.7% 63.7% 98.5% 96.2% 1.6% 3.1% — — 2.8% 80.4% 43.2% 44.3% 39.0% 78.8% 84.4% 92.2% 92.24%
Total Payout Ratio 23.2% 17.1% 45.1% 46.3% 61.4% 78.6% 1.2% 2.5% 4.4% 4.8% 45.7% 5.3% 1.3% 72.4% 67.2% 57.4% 80.9% 86.0% 63.0% 47.9% 47.94%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.66 0.68 0.72 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.72 0.60 0.55 0.58 0.28 0.59 0.66 0.58 0.52 0.56 0.49 0.57 0.64 0.66 0.662
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.54 0.67 0.79 0.83 0.86 0.66 0.59 0.53 0.40 0.36 0.04 0.12 0.33 0.63 0.86 0.87 0.85 0.83 0.87 0.96 0.964
EBIT Margin 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.18 0.19 0.16 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.13 0.13 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.09 0.10 0.098
Asset Turnover 0.88 0.93 1.09 1.13 1.11 1.04 0.98 0.93 0.95 0.90 0.91 0.94 0.98 1.01 1.05 1.05 1.00 0.97 0.99 0.99 0.992
Equity Multiplier 2.14 2.10 2.02 2.01 2.00 1.99 1.97 1.96 2.00 1.98 2.01 2.04 2.05 2.03 2.07 2.05 2.06 2.03 2.03 1.99 1.988
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $5.93 $8.02 $12.26 $15.10 $11.80 $9.66 $6.69 $3.16 $1.78 $1.62 $0.10 $0.67 $2.90 $4.90 $4.86 $5.57 $3.42 $3.11 $4.96 $6.53 $6.53
Book Value/Share $40.99 $45.79 $48.41 $52.18 $50.05 $53.28 $52.52 $50.87 $49.87 $52.59 $49.10 $49.69 $50.86 $51.85 $50.26 $51.47 $50.81 $52.17 $52.80 $54.35 $57.90
Tangible Book/Share $36.74 $41.40 $43.85 $47.40 $45.52 $48.45 $47.50 $45.53 $45.68 $48.24 $44.93 $45.51 $46.63 $47.84 $46.26 $47.57 $46.91 $48.43 $49.11 $50.88 $50.88
Revenue/Share $72.97 $80.12 $94.81 $102.43 $101.58 $102.97 $97.63 $94.25 $95.39 $95.39 $93.81 $96.98 $101.76 $107.65 $109.04 $109.27 $105.84 $102.42 $104.09 $104.50 $105.05
FCF/Share $2.27 $1.82 $7.81 $10.31 $9.67 $10.93 $7.81 $7.07 $4.25 $2.17 $-0.67 $-0.72 $0.90 $3.16 $5.20 $5.08 $5.97 $2.96 $3.71 $3.39 $3.40
OCF/Share $5.21 $4.90 $11.22 $14.32 $14.36 $16.29 $13.88 $13.48 $11.02 $9.19 $6.24 $6.05 $7.70 $9.83 $11.58 $11.10 $11.86 $8.88 $9.58 $9.19 $9.22
Cash/Share $12.96 $16.81 $16.05 $16.20 $15.49 $17.11 $12.94 $11.32 $13.13 $12.26 $11.29 $12.08 $8.41 $11.74 $11.82 $12.14 $14.12 $11.36 $10.76 $9.98 $9.93
EBITDA/Share $20.41 $22.45 $26.39 $29.32 $23.48 $23.49 $20.20 $17.13 $16.19 $16.08 $17.24 $15.55 $18.24 $18.85 $16.09 $16.81 $14.02 $12.42 $14.89 $16.32 $16.32
Debt/Share $13.86 $13.72 $14.06 $15.53 $16.01 $17.43 $17.21 $17.62 $0.47 $19.52 $19.51 $18.95 $0.01 $18.82 $19.01 $18.73 $18.61 $17.18 $18.17 $17.95 $17.95
Net Debt/Share $0.90 $-3.08 $-1.99 $-0.67 $0.53 $0.32 $4.27 $6.31 $-12.65 $7.27 $8.21 $6.87 $-8.40 $7.09 $7.19 $6.59 $4.49 $5.82 $7.41 $7.96 $7.96
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 5 6 6 6 8 7 5 4 5 4 4 6 8 8 9 8 7 6 7 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.06 -1.73 -1.87 -2.02 -2.66 -2.71 -2.80 -2.98 -2.61 -2.35 -2.02 -2.56 -2.79 -2.74 -2.93 -2.75 -2.23 -2.68 -2.69 -2.39 -2.386
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -9.981
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 16.87%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-6.22
EVA snapshot only $11895051250.75
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A
Credit Score 75.90 75.90 81.75 81.75 81.75 81.75 79.00 74.90 77.75 67.50 64.20 64.20 77.75 71.50 71.50 70.90 69.90 67.50 70.90 71.35 71.350
Credit Grade snapshot only 6
Credit Trend snapshot only 0.450
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 150.000

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