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Not Investment Advice

PVAC NASDAQ

Penn Virginia Corporation
1W: -8.4% 1M: +44.4% 3M: +78.0% 1Y: +203.3% 3Y: -58.8%
$30.66
Last traded 2021-10-15 — delisted
NASDAQ · Energy · Oil & Gas Exploration & Production · $581.3M mcap · 19M float · 2.13% daily turnover

Edge Score

Quantitative competitive moat analysis scoring five pillars of durable advantage — cost leadership, brand intangibles, switching costs, network effects, and efficient scale — using industry percentile rankings on a 0–100 scale.

NO EDGE
38.7 / 100
NoneWeakNarrowWide
Primary source: Network Effects  ·  ROIC: 7.5%  ·  5Y Avg: 6.5%
Cost Advantage
32
Intangibles
47
Switching Cost
30
Network Effect
49
Scale
38
The Edge Score quantifies a company's competitive moat using five pillars: Cost Advantage (20%, operating margin and SG&A efficiency vs industry peers), Intangible Assets (25%, gross margin premium, R&D intensity, brand pricing power), Switching Costs (25%, revenue stability, earnings consistency, customer retention proxied by operating leverage), Network Effects (15%, revenue growth with expanding margins, market share dominance), and Efficient Scale (15%, market concentration, ROIC sustainability). Each pillar is scored 0–100 using industry percentile rankings, then weighted into a composite. Wide ≥ 70, Narrow ≥ 55, Weak ≥ 40, None < 40. PVAC has No discernible competitive edge (38.7/100). The business operates without significant structural advantages. The primary source of advantage is Network Effects. ROIC of 7.5% suggests modest returns relative to capital deployed.

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 5Hold: 1Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 55 Grade A
Profitability
97
Balance Sheet
56
Earnings Quality
76
Growth
80
Value
81
Momentum
84
Safety
30
Cash Flow
37
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. PVAC scores highest in Profitability (97/100) and lowest in Safety (30/100). An overall grade of A places PVAC among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
1.31
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
1.09
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
—
—
Credit Rating
BB+
Score: 49.0/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
50/100
OCF/NI: 0.74x
Accruals: 4.8%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. PVAC scores 1.31, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. PVAC scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. PVAC's score of 1.09 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. PVAC receives an estimated rating of BB+ (score: 49.0/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). PVAC's score of 50/100 is moderate — some divergence between reported earnings and underlying cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
-1.50x
PEG
-0.01x
P/S
2.13x
P/B
2.19x
P/FCF
10.98x
P/OCF
3.28x
EV/EBITDA
4.42x
EV/Revenue
2.46x
EV/EBIT
5.50x
EV/FCF
28.45x
Earnings Yield
41.40%
FCF Yield
9.10%
Shareholder Yield
0.00%
Graham Number
$116.38
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. PVAC currently has negative earnings — the P/E ratio is not meaningful. An earnings yield of 41.4% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $116.38 per share, suggesting a potential 280% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.991
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.888
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.447
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.462
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.414
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
43.9%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. PVAC's ROE of 43.9% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.462), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue. A tax burden ratio of 0.99 indicates minimal tax leakage — the company retains over 90% of pre-tax earnings.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
4.23%
Fair P/E
16.96x
Intrinsic Value
$215.25
Price/Value
0.14x
Margin of Safety
85.76%
Premium
-85.76%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with PVAC's realized 4.2% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. At an intrinsic value of $215.25, PVAC appears undervalued with a 86% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 17.0x compares to the current market P/E of -1.5x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1207 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$30.66
Median 1Y
$16.00
5th Pctile
$2.68
95th Pctile
$95.64
Ann. Volatility
105.8%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
ROE 11.3% 23.6% 15.4% 22.7% 4.9% -32.7% -16.6% 51.4% 38.4% 66.6% 70.3% 14.6% 49.8% 24.0% -39.7% -84.7% -1.2% -1.0% -40.3% 43.9% 43.86%
ROA 7.8% 16.5% 6.3% 10.0% 2.0% -12.4% -5.2% 20.2% 13.3% 22.8% 24.8% 6.2% 21.0% 10.4% -15.9% -29.2% -40.8% -34.2% -8.8% 18.2% 18.17%
ROIC 10.1% 16.6% 8.7% 18.1% 13.3% 14.4% -1.1% 17.3% 16.5% 21.3% 17.3% 16.1% 12.9% 8.3% 5.8% -13.2% -23.0% -20.1% -9.2% 7.5% 7.52%
ROCE 9.6% 16.6% 8.4% 6.5% 2.9% -0.1% 3.6% 25.8% 21.8% 26.2% 27.8% 9.7% 23.7% 13.6% -16.2% -37.5% -62.0% -47.3% -6.6% 15.2% 15.17%
Gross Margin 45.3% 42.0% 42.0% 45.4% 52.3% 54.9% 55.2% 50.6% 43.4% 44.1% 39.3% 44.9% 31.2% -19.7% 20.1% 34.2% 51.4% 59.3% 60.9% 61.7% 61.71%
Operating Margin 33.5% 31.8% 26.2% 36.3% 43.9% 50.1% 50.3% 47.3% 37.4% 39.1% 33.5% 40.6% 23.3% -37.3% 10.5% -1.9% -10.2% 6.5% 20.0% 39.8% 39.81%
Net Margin 1.3% 86.7% -58.3% -19.9% 13.3% -49.7% 12.8% 1.6% -36.8% 42.1% 45.6% 2.7% 1.8% -2.1% -3.5% -2.0% -22.7% 6.1% 30.7% 74.6% 74.60%
EBITDA Margin 82.0% 59.9% -14.9% -23.9% 18.7% 2.6% 18.0% 1.7% -28.5% 49.6% 53.2% 9.4% 3.5% -1.9% -3.4% -1.6% 9.6% 33.4% 42.1% 84.0% 84.02%
FCF Margin 23.3% 16.6% 5.8% -21.2% -31.9% -38.7% -39.6% -35.9% -29.1% -20.6% -16.0% -9.0% -3.2% -1.3% 16.9% 19.5% 14.9% 18.4% 14.3% 8.6% 8.64%
OCF Margin 54.1% 60.3% 55.8% 50.9% 54.8% 59.9% 60.6% 61.7% 64.5% 63.7% 68.5% 68.0% 70.7% 77.5% 80.4% 81.2% 67.2% 61.9% 56.3% 29.0% 28.95%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only -35.20%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only -9.27%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only -5.03%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only -7.37%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 7.52%
Cash ROA snapshot only 9.83%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 9.73%
CROIC snapshot only 2.90%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 22.38%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 39.66%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 5.07%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
P/E Ratio 28.27 9.92 16.80 12.71 48.21 -16.81 -31.14 4.82 5.42 2.02 1.64 6.51 0.17 1.15 -0.87 -0.50 -0.41 -0.92 -4.00 2.42 -1.499
P/S Ratio 9.20 4.99 4.13 3.66 2.61 4.61 3.34 1.88 1.42 0.97 0.93 0.97 0.10 0.38 0.45 0.56 0.76 1.04 1.00 0.95 2.127
P/B Ratio 3.19 2.34 2.59 2.65 2.29 5.59 5.03 1.85 1.63 1.01 0.85 0.88 0.07 0.24 0.43 0.72 1.35 2.33 2.42 0.65 2.186
P/FCF 39.42 30.07 71.26 -17.27 -8.19 -11.91 -8.42 -5.23 -4.88 -4.69 -5.83 -10.79 -3.15 -29.49 2.69 2.90 5.09 5.64 6.99 10.98 10.984
P/OCF 17.01 8.28 7.39 7.18 4.76 7.70 5.51 3.04 2.20 1.52 1.36 1.43 0.14 0.49 0.56 0.69 1.13 1.68 1.77 3.28 3.277
EV/EBITDA 29.27 12.58 20.42 25.75 49.86 -2403.93 62.26 5.31 5.77 3.76 3.28 9.53 1.28 2.20 87.38 -6.01 -1.34 -2.37 260.70 4.42 4.424
EV/Revenue 9.56 5.24 5.76 5.24 4.47 6.13 4.59 3.00 2.52 2.06 2.11 2.14 1.28 1.79 1.97 2.39 2.10 1.99 2.70 2.46 2.457
EV/EBIT 29.27 12.58 20.42 25.75 49.86 -2403.93 62.26 5.31 5.77 3.76 3.28 9.53 1.91 4.28 -4.55 -2.29 -1.20 -1.87 -14.26 5.50 5.501
EV/FCF 40.97 31.53 99.50 -24.76 -14.02 -15.83 -11.58 -8.34 -8.64 -9.96 -13.16 -23.73 -39.52 -138.49 11.69 12.28 14.08 10.81 18.90 28.45 28.451
Earnings Yield 3.5% 10.1% 6.0% 7.9% 2.1% -5.9% -3.2% 20.7% 18.5% 49.4% 60.8% 15.4% 5.8% 87.2% -1.1% -2.0% -2.4% -1.1% -25.0% 41.4% 41.40%
FCF Yield 2.5% 3.3% 1.4% -5.8% -12.2% -8.4% -11.9% -19.1% -20.5% -21.3% -17.2% -9.3% -31.7% -3.4% 37.2% 34.5% 19.7% 17.7% 14.3% 9.1% 9.10%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 0.647
EV/OCF snapshot only 8.488
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 4.117
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 10.875
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 0.00%
Graham Number snapshot only $116.38
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
Current Ratio 0.80 0.99 0.85 0.70 0.52 0.46 0.45 1.21 0.60 0.64 0.82 0.68 1.58 1.43 1.54 1.04 0.73 0.72 0.68 — —
Quick Ratio 0.77 0.95 0.82 0.66 0.48 0.44 0.42 1.17 0.58 0.61 0.79 0.66 1.57 1.40 1.45 1.01 0.70 0.69 0.65 — —
Debt/Equity 0.14 0.16 1.06 1.20 1.67 1.89 1.92 1.14 1.27 1.16 1.09 1.07 0.87 0.94 1.50 2.41 2.47 2.46 4.32 1.03 1.028
Net Debt/Equity 0.13 0.11 1.03 1.15 1.63 1.84 1.89 1.10 1.26 1.13 1.07 1.06 0.79 0.90 1.44 2.35 2.40 2.14 4.12 1.03 1.028
Debt/Assets 0.10 0.11 0.44 0.42 0.50 0.49 0.50 0.48 0.48 0.47 0.47 0.46 0.39 0.43 0.55 0.56 0.41 0.39 0.53 0.51 0.512
Debt/EBITDA 1.23 0.80 5.98 8.12 21.15 -612.20 17.30 2.05 2.54 2.04 1.87 5.27 1.30 1.80 70.05 -4.71 -0.88 -1.30 172.37 2.72 2.716
Net Debt/EBITDA 1.11 0.58 5.80 7.78 20.74 -595.90 17.00 1.98 2.51 1.99 1.83 5.20 1.18 1.73 67.30 -4.59 -0.86 -1.13 164.25 2.72 2.716
Interest Coverage 20.40 27.69 16.44 7.07 2.25 -0.05 1.45 10.50 7.18 8.35 9.20 3.19 9.61 5.17 -4.87 -10.21 -18.70 -16.10 -3.02 8.91 8.906
Equity Multiplier 1.44 1.42 2.43 2.84 3.34 3.88 3.88 2.39 2.64 2.45 2.35 2.34 2.21 2.19 2.74 4.26 6.05 6.39 8.20 2.01 2.007
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 11.074
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.000
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.057
Defensive Interval snapshot only 0.0 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
Asset Turnover 0.24 0.33 0.26 0.35 0.38 0.45 0.49 0.52 0.51 0.48 0.44 0.41 0.35 0.31 0.31 0.26 0.22 0.30 0.35 0.46 0.462
Inventory Turnover 21.67 29.99 36.11 24.77 29.38 46.24 39.67 44.75 51.59 65.42 51.15 76.29 84.65 76.71 47.18 63.35 56.28 38.49 30.89 137.44 137.436
Receivables Turnover 1.92 2.59 3.02 3.24 4.28 4.85 6.16 6.38 7.23 7.52 6.84 6.71 8.24 7.68 7.18 4.77 5.37 5.91 7.43 30.89 30.888
Payables Turnover 6.33 6.19 11.40 5.56 9.02 6.11 12.63 10.54 11.36 9.82 9.85 11.54 8.07 19.54 13.19 11.67 5.35 9.31 10.16 75.12 75.117
DSO 190 141 121 112 85 75 59 57 51 49 53 54 44 48 51 76 68 62 49 12 11.8 days
DIO 17 12 10 15 12 8 9 8 7 6 7 5 4 5 8 6 6 9 12 3 2.7 days
DPO 58 59 32 66 40 60 29 35 32 37 37 32 45 19 28 31 68 39 36 5 4.9 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 149 94 99 62 57 23 40 31 25 17 23 28 3 34 31 51 6 32 25 10 9.6 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 0.384
Operating Cycle snapshot only 14.5 days
Capital Intensity snapshot only 2.944
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
Revenue — — — 3.1% 1.7% 1.5% 1.5% 1.7% 1.3% 73.1% 27.6% 6.8% -2.5% -20.9% -30.1% -42.0% -40.9% -8.3% 26.9% 1.4% 1.41%
Net Income — — — 3.2% -54.7% -2.4% -2.1% 2.7% 10.2% 4.0% 7.8% -58.9% 1.2% -45.2% -1.6% -5.4% -2.8% -4.1% 38.9% 1.8% 1.83%
EPS — — — 3.2% -54.6% -2.4% -2.1% 2.6% 10.2% 4.0% 7.8% -58.4% 1.2% -45.2% -1.6% -5.4% -2.8% -4.1% 41.0% 1.6% 1.62%
FCF — — — -2.3% -4.7% -6.8% -18.4% -3.7% -1.1% 7.7% 48.5% 73.1% 89.1% 95.1% 1.7% 2.3% 3.7% 14.1% 7.7% 6.7% 6.70%
EBITDA — — — 8.0% -25.3% -1.0% -33.4% 6.6% 10.3% 372.3% 10.1% -57.5% 1.2% 17.7% -97.5% -2.0% -1.9% -1.9% -41.7% 4.4% 4.36%
Op. Income — — — 3.6% 2.2% 2.4% 3.0% 3.1% 1.9% 77.7% 7.5% -16.6% -27.0% -55.0% -66.8% -1.7% -1.9% -2.3% -2.7% 2.3% 2.25%
OCF Growth snapshot only -14.19%
Asset Growth snapshot only 1.13%
Equity Growth snapshot only 3.53%
Debt Growth snapshot only 93.62%
Shares Change snapshot only 33.97%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — 1.3% 83.2% 50.8% 31.5% 19.4% 10.1% 7.9% 4.2% 14.2% 14.23%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 75.9% 75.88%
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 30.9% — — — — — 4.2% 4.23%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 31.2% — — — — — 14.5% 14.54%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7% 88.5% -43.4% — — — -45.8% 13.6% 13.61%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — 1.3% 78.6% 36.7% 12.7% -7.1% -8.2% 3.4% 4.9% 18.6% 18.63%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 88.4% 88.40%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5% 90.2% 39.6% 12.2% — — — — -11.3% -11.31%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 67.2% 67.22%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 87.8% — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 16.9% 16.94%
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 1.0% 64.0% 48.5% 39.5% 17.8% 9.1% 1.7% -11.2% -11.24%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 44.0% 43.96%
Assets 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — 61.0% 69.8% 56.6% 19.2% 13.0% 5.9% 3.7% 14.2% 21.9% 21.88%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 46.0% 46.01%
Equity 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — 41.1% 47.1% 35.6% 14.5% -1.3% -13.1% -12.2% -11.0% 29.2% 29.19%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — 40.6% 47.0% 35.3% 14.0% -1.7% -13.5% -12.6% -11.7% 17.6% 17.56%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
Revenue Stability — — — — — — — 0.95 0.96 1.00 0.96 0.92 0.88 0.68 0.39 0.11 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.62 0.617
Earnings Stability — — — — — — — 0.97 0.65 0.32 0.52 0.42 0.84 0.27 0.05 0.23 0.18 0.21 0.15 0.00 0.004
Margin Stability — — — — — — — 0.87 0.92 0.92 0.88 0.89 0.90 0.81 0.74 0.66 0.75 0.81 0.72 0.66 0.661
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Earnings Persistence — — — — — — — 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.20 0.200
Earnings Smoothness — — — — 0.25 — — 0.00 0.00 — — 0.16 0.24 0.42 — — — — — — —
ROE Trend — — — — — — — 0.34 0.22 0.55 0.52 -0.16 0.22 0.13 -0.67 -1.72 -3.62 -2.88 -0.62 0.93 0.930
Gross Margin Trend — — — — — — — 0.10 0.06 0.02 -0.04 -0.06 -0.09 -0.18 -0.22 -0.27 -0.19 0.04 0.18 0.28 0.279
FCF Margin Trend — — — — — — — -0.59 -0.25 -0.10 0.01 0.20 0.27 0.28 0.45 0.42 0.31 0.29 0.14 0.03 0.034
Sustainable Growth Rate 11.3% 23.6% 15.4% 22.7% 4.9% — — 51.4% 38.4% 66.6% 70.3% 14.6% 49.8% 24.0% — — — — — 43.9% 43.86%
Internal Growth Rate 8.5% 19.8% 6.8% 11.1% 2.1% — — 25.4% 15.3% 29.5% 32.9% 6.6% 26.6% 11.6% — — — — — 22.2% 22.20%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.66 1.20 2.27 1.77 10.12 -2.18 -5.65 1.58 2.46 1.33 1.21 4.54 1.19 2.34 -1.55 -0.71 -0.37 -0.55 -2.25 0.74 0.737
FCF/OCF 0.43 0.28 0.10 -0.42 -0.58 -0.65 -0.65 -0.58 -0.45 -0.32 -0.23 -0.13 -0.05 -0.02 0.21 0.24 0.22 0.30 0.25 0.30 0.298
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.220
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.521
CapEx/Revenue 30.8% 43.7% 50.0% 72.1% 86.7% 98.6% 1.0% 97.6% 93.6% 84.4% 84.5% 77.0% 74.0% 78.8% 63.6% 61.7% 52.3% 43.5% 42.0% 20.3% 20.31%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.374
Accruals Ratio -0.05 -0.03 -0.08 -0.08 -0.19 -0.40 -0.35 -0.12 -0.19 -0.08 -0.05 -0.22 -0.04 -0.14 -0.40 -0.50 -0.56 -0.53 -0.29 0.05 0.048
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.072
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.425
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.500
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
Dividend Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — — — — — 0.0% 0.00%
FCF Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — — — — — — — — — — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — — 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% — — — — — 0.0% 0.00%
Div. Increase Streak — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -73.9% -41.8% -36.1% -24.2% -24.24%
Total Shareholder Return 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -73.9% -41.8% -36.1% -24.2% -24.24%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 1.05 1.25 0.93 1.65 1.09 5.53 -4.69 0.76 0.70 1.00 0.99 0.97 0.99 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.991
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.95 0.96 0.94 0.86 0.56 19.45 0.31 0.90 0.86 0.88 0.89 0.69 0.90 0.81 1.21 1.10 1.05 1.06 1.33 0.89 0.888
EBIT Margin 0.33 0.42 0.28 0.20 0.09 -0.00 0.07 0.56 0.44 0.55 0.64 0.22 0.67 0.42 -0.43 -1.04 -1.75 -1.07 -0.19 0.45 0.447
Asset Turnover 0.24 0.33 0.26 0.35 0.38 0.45 0.49 0.52 0.51 0.48 0.44 0.41 0.35 0.31 0.31 0.26 0.22 0.30 0.35 0.46 0.462
Equity Multiplier 1.44 1.42 2.43 2.26 2.42 2.63 3.17 2.54 2.89 2.92 2.84 2.36 2.37 2.31 2.50 2.90 2.90 3.07 4.55 2.41 2.414
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $1.60 $3.71 $2.38 $3.08 $0.73 $-5.05 $-2.59 $11.21 $8.14 $15.17 $17.68 $4.67 $17.97 $8.31 $-11.31 $-20.45 $-32.34 $-25.56 $-6.68 $12.69 $12.69
Book Value/Share $14.20 $15.73 $15.46 $14.77 $15.27 $15.18 $16.03 $29.19 $27.09 $30.44 $34.08 $34.42 $45.14 $38.94 $22.90 $14.02 $9.89 $10.12 $11.02 $47.42 $14.02
Tangible Book/Share $14.20 $15.73 $15.46 $14.77 $15.27 $15.18 $16.03 $29.19 $27.09 $30.44 $34.08 $34.42 $45.14 $38.94 $22.90 $14.02 $9.89 $10.12 $11.02 $47.42 $47.42
Revenue/Share $4.92 $7.36 $9.69 $10.69 $13.41 $18.43 $24.13 $28.77 $31.07 $31.67 $31.15 $31.14 $30.17 $25.06 $21.75 $18.00 $17.70 $22.76 $26.68 $32.32 $18.01
FCF/Share $1.15 $1.22 $0.56 $-2.26 $-4.28 $-7.13 $-9.57 $-10.34 $-9.04 $-6.54 $-4.99 $-2.81 $-0.98 $-0.32 $3.67 $3.50 $2.63 $4.19 $3.82 $2.79 $3.51
OCF/Share $2.66 $4.44 $5.41 $5.45 $7.36 $11.03 $14.62 $17.75 $20.05 $20.19 $21.34 $21.16 $21.33 $19.43 $17.50 $14.61 $11.89 $14.08 $15.03 $9.36 $14.61
Cash/Share $0.21 $0.67 $0.50 $0.73 $0.49 $0.77 $0.52 $1.17 $0.31 $0.84 $0.75 $0.52 $3.65 $1.45 $1.35 $0.86 $0.78 $3.25 $2.24 $0.00 $0.86
EBITDA/Share $1.61 $3.06 $2.73 $2.18 $1.20 $-0.05 $1.78 $16.25 $13.55 $17.31 $19.99 $7.00 $30.22 $20.37 $0.49 $-7.16 $-27.68 $-19.12 $0.28 $17.95 $17.95
Debt/Share $1.98 $2.46 $16.34 $17.68 $25.45 $28.74 $30.78 $33.36 $34.36 $35.28 $37.31 $36.89 $39.31 $36.68 $34.36 $33.73 $24.47 $24.94 $47.66 $48.75 $48.75
Net Debt/Share $1.78 $1.79 $15.84 $16.94 $24.96 $27.98 $30.26 $32.20 $34.05 $34.43 $36.56 $36.37 $35.66 $35.23 $33.01 $32.88 $23.69 $21.70 $45.42 $48.75 $48.75
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.307
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 1.889
Piotroski F-Score 4 4 4 7 6 4 4 7 7 7 8 5 6 5 3 3 3 5 6 6 6
Beneish M-Score — — — -1.47 -2.32 -2.37 -2.04 -2.24 -3.01 -2.89 -2.55 -3.57 -1.91 -4.84 -5.09 -3.81 -5.76 -4.77 18.01 1.09 1.092
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 17.16%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-48.75
EVA snapshot only $-48491087.98
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'17 Q2'17 Q3'17 Q4'17 Q1'18 Q2'18 Q3'18 Q4'18 Q1'19 Q2'19 Q3'19 Q4'19 Q1'20 Q2'20 Q3'20 Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q3'22 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BB+
Credit Score 97.19 94.02 53.31 41.05 22.37 26.01 22.35 64.31 57.05 55.20 60.13 38.27 64.81 59.51 28.77 27.65 22.59 20.53 11.62 48.95 48.954
Credit Grade snapshot only 11
Credit Trend snapshot only 21.307
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 400.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 34
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 41

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