— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: QBR-B.TO (TSX) · $vol 42M · QBCRF (OTC) · $vol 3M · QBR-A.TO (TSX) · $vol 0M

QBCAF OTC

Quebecor Inc.
1W: +0.0% 1M: -4.8% 3M: +7.9% YTD: +20.4% 1Y: +41.3% 3Y: +109.9% 5Y: +124.3%
$44.80
+0.00 (+0.00%)
 
OTC · Communication Services · Telecommunications Services · Tech Score Sell · Power 47 · $10.2B mcap · 17M float · 0.0000% daily turnover · Short 100% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
$0
Low
$28
Avg Target
$28
High
Based on 1 analyst ratings (12 mo)
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 1Hold: 0Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$28.00
Analysts1
Price Target Change History
DateFirmAnalystOldNewChangeUpside @ CallStock@Call
2026-07-10 Canaccord Genuity — Initiated $28 — -32.6% $41.52

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. QBCAF receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-03 None ADDED
2026-10-03 EXISTED None
2026-09-29 None ADDED
2026-09-26 EXISTED None
2026-09-22 None ADDED
2026-09-19 EXISTED None
2026-09-15 None ADDED
2026-09-13 EXISTED None
2026-09-09 None ADDED
2026-09-07 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade B
Profitability
68
Balance Sheet
26
Earnings Quality
62
Growth
60
Value
—
Momentum
85
Safety
—
Cash Flow
76

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.43
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.55
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB-
Score: 50.8/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 2.22x
Accruals: -9.0%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. QBCAF scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. QBCAF's score of -2.43 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. QBCAF's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. QBCAF receives an estimated rating of BBB- (score: 50.8/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). QBCAF's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
14.95x
PEG
0.60x
P/S
2.46x
P/B
5.11x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$33.14
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 15.0x earnings, QBCAF trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $33.14 per share, 35% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.740
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.808
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.273
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.453
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
4.990
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
36.9%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. QBCAF's ROE of 36.9% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 4.99x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$157.80
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with QBCAF's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. QBCAF actually compounded EPS at 16.3% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. QBCAF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $157.80, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 15.0x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$44.80
Median 1Y
$49.40
5th Pctile
$34.46
95th Pctile
$70.80
Ann. Volatility
21.3%
Analyst Target
$28.00
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical Analyst target

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees
9,172
-6.3% YoY
Revenue / Employee
$496,555
Rev: $4,554,400,000
Profit / Employee
$63,061
NI: $578,400,000
SGA / Employee
$74,684
Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 49.3% 48.8% 45.6% 46.8% 46.8% 45.8% 43.4% 42.0% 42.3% 42.2% 42.8% 40.4% 37.2% 38.5% 37.5% 34.5% 35.3% 35.8% 36.4% 36.9% 36.91%
ROA 5.7% 5.6% 5.4% 5.4% 5.8% 5.6% 5.8% 5.3% 5.5% 5.6% 6.1% 5.8% 5.6% 5.8% 5.9% 6.1% 6.4% 6.6% 6.9% 7.4% 7.40%
ROIC 12.2% 11.1% 11.0% 10.5% 10.4% 10.5% 11.0% 10.8% 13.1% 13.5% 14.1% 13.9% 13.8% 13.9% 14.2% 12.6% 11.4% 11.5% 12.1% 12.2% 12.21%
ROCE 12.4% 12.0% 13.8% 13.9% 14.0% 13.9% 12.7% 11.4% 12.1% 13.4% 14.3% 12.7% 12.5% 12.8% 12.9% 13.6% 13.9% 14.3% 14.4% 15.5% 15.46%
Gross Margin 60.3% 56.2% 57.1% 60.0% 59.2% 56.1% 55.5% 57.5% 57.0% 50.7% 54.9% 27.9% 56.8% 51.3% 55.6% 58.1% 29.5% 25.6% 43.6% 28.5% 28.47%
Operating Margin 28.4% 25.5% 22.8% 26.9% 28.5% 24.5% 22.7% 43.3% 44.1% 22.1% 23.7% 45.1% 42.8% 23.5% 24.9% 28.3% 29.5% 25.6% 26.3% 28.5% 28.47%
Net Margin 15.1% 13.6% 11.2% 14.0% 15.6% 12.0% 10.8% 12.4% 14.8% 9.7% 12.7% 15.0% 13.6% 11.9% 14.2% 15.8% 16.8% 13.7% 16.2% 18.8% 18.81%
EBITDA Margin 44.4% 42.0% 39.9% 43.2% 45.1% 39.1% 37.9% 42.3% 44.0% 32.1% 38.9% 44.6% 42.2% 38.2% 40.9% 42.9% 44.1% 39.5% 41.3% 43.6% 43.56%
FCF Margin 9.8% -5.8% -5.6% -5.7% 0.1% 15.1% 15.3% 17.3% 17.2% 15.8% 17.0% 13.0% 13.5% 15.6% 15.9% 23.0% 24.1% 25.0% 24.7% 27.1% 27.12%
OCF Margin 27.4% 26.0% 25.2% 25.6% 27.8% 27.9% 28.7% 29.4% 28.4% 26.9% 27.8% 28.4% 29.5% 30.5% 31.2% 33.8% 34.3% 36.3% 36.0% 36.2% 36.18%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 33.94%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 37.14%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 6.39%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 7.92%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 12.20%
Cash ROA snapshot only 16.17%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 21.40%
CROIC snapshot only 16.04%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 20.65%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 22.03%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 13.30%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 14.952
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.460
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 5.109
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.602
Graham Number snapshot only $33.14
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.32 1.03 0.66 0.70 0.69 0.71 1.05 0.82 0.81 0.66 0.65 1.01 0.99 0.98 1.04 0.83 0.88 0.89 0.94 0.68 0.681
Quick Ratio 1.11 0.84 0.52 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.76 0.64 0.62 0.57 0.50 0.79 0.80 0.78 0.83 0.66 0.71 0.71 0.76 0.54 0.541
Debt/Equity 5.25 5.46 5.01 4.93 5.08 5.03 4.49 5.58 5.00 4.73 4.36 3.83 3.66 3.71 3.60 3.15 3.02 2.86 2.71 2.61 2.612
Net Debt/Equity 4.87 5.41 4.99 4.92 5.06 5.02 4.48 5.56 4.99 4.72 4.32 3.82 3.63 3.68 3.50 3.14 2.90 2.78 2.60 2.57 2.566
Debt/Assets 0.63 0.64 0.63 0.65 0.65 0.64 0.62 0.67 0.66 0.64 0.63 0.63 0.62 0.62 0.61 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.57 0.55 0.553
Debt/EBITDA 3.43 3.61 3.54 3.59 3.64 3.60 3.38 4.28 3.99 3.85 3.65 3.59 3.58 3.47 3.43 3.25 3.21 3.16 3.04 2.94 2.944
Net Debt/EBITDA 3.18 3.58 3.53 3.59 3.62 3.60 3.38 4.26 3.98 3.85 3.63 3.59 3.56 3.44 3.34 3.24 3.09 3.08 2.90 2.89 2.892
Interest Coverage 3.31 3.30 3.34 3.58 3.60 3.57 3.59 3.37 3.31 3.12 3.12 3.28 3.25 3.45 3.63 4.04 4.39 4.75 5.01 4.94 4.935
Equity Multiplier 8.39 8.57 7.94 7.60 7.86 7.83 7.18 8.27 7.58 7.38 6.87 6.08 5.91 6.03 5.85 5.30 5.15 4.88 4.78 4.72 4.722
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.045
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 7.612
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.017
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.219
Defensive Interval snapshot only 628.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.44 0.44 0.43 0.40 0.42 0.42 0.44 0.42 0.43 0.47 0.49 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.453
Inventory Turnover 7.00 7.11 5.95 5.96 5.71 5.52 5.06 5.35 5.44 6.74 5.65 6.80 6.89 7.77 6.14 6.01 7.29 7.77 8.43 10.24 10.238
Receivables Turnover 6.97 8.48 6.78 6.47 6.03 6.70 6.07 5.45 5.52 6.35 5.95 5.24 5.12 5.99 4.83 5.06 4.82 6.30 4.95 5.21 5.207
Payables Turnover 2.19 2.81 1.99 2.21 2.12 2.62 2.03 2.41 2.28 2.88 2.39 3.07 2.80 3.23 2.58 2.56 2.75 3.85 3.29 3.90 3.903
DSO 52 43 54 56 61 54 60 67 66 58 61 70 71 61 76 72 76 58 74 70 70.1 days
DIO 52 51 61 61 64 66 72 68 67 54 65 54 53 47 59 61 50 47 43 36 35.7 days
DPO 167 130 183 165 172 139 180 151 160 127 153 119 130 113 142 142 133 95 111 94 93.5 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -62 -35 -68 -48 -48 -19 -48 -16 -27 -15 -27 4 -6 -5 -7 -9 -7 10 6 12 12.2 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 1.609
Operating Cycle snapshot only 105.7 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 46.425
Capital Intensity snapshot only 2.238
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 4.9% 5.5% 4.5% 1.2% 0.3% -0.5% 0.2% 6.8% 12.9% 19.9% 24.6% 17.1% 10.4% 3.8% -1.1% -1.0% -0.3% 0.7% 2.0% 3.2% 3.20%
Net Income -2.5% -4.7% -3.1% 12.1% 6.8% 3.5% 3.4% 0.7% 4.9% 8.7% 17.5% 19.5% 10.7% 14.9% 8.9% 5.3% 14.9% 14.5% 16.5% 21.9% 21.89%
EPS -1.2% -2.3% 0.0% 18.3% 10.6% 9.3% 7.0% 1.0% 6.1% 9.0% 15.1% 22.2% 11.4% 14.2% 10.6% 5.0% 16.6% 14.7% 17.0% 22.5% 22.47%
FCF -37.7% -1.3% -1.3% -1.5% -98.6% 3.6% 3.8% 4.2% 145.7% 25.5% 38.1% -12.1% -13.5% 2.4% -7.2% 74.6% 78.5% 61.5% 58.3% 21.9% 21.88%
EBITDA 2.7% -0.8% -0.9% 1.9% 0.4% -0.2% -0.3% 3.6% 8.8% 11.9% 18.3% 13.1% 5.6% 8.8% 4.4% 2.0% 5.3% 2.8% 3.2% 5.9% 5.90%
Op. Income 5.1% 3.7% 1.0% -1.5% -2.3% -2.3% -1.0% 25.3% 50.9% 56.1% 61.4% 29.3% 5.8% 4.3% 1.0% -12.3% -20.4% -19.0% -17.7% -5.0% -5.02%
OCF Growth snapshot only 10.47%
Asset Growth snapshot only 2.96%
Equity Growth snapshot only 15.57%
Debt Growth snapshot only -4.15%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.47%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 9.40%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 2.7% 2.9% 2.7% 2.5% 2.3% 1.8% 1.8% 4.3% 5.9% 8.0% 9.3% 8.2% 7.7% 7.4% 7.3% 7.4% 7.5% 7.8% 7.9% 6.1% 6.15%
Revenue 5Y 2.5% 2.5% 2.4% 2.2% 2.0% 1.9% 2.0% 3.2% 4.2% 5.4% 6.2% 6.1% 5.9% 5.6% 5.4% 5.6% 5.5% 5.6% 5.7% 5.3% 5.27%
EPS 3Y 21.4% 14.5% 5.1% 2.3% 2.7% 0.3% 4.1% 2.3% 5.0% 5.2% 7.2% 13.4% 9.3% 10.8% 10.9% 9.0% 11.3% 12.6% 14.2% 16.3% 16.27%
EPS 5Y 73.2% 24.4% 36.4% 20.5% 7.9% 10.9% 7.5% 13.2% 16.0% 12.4% 7.4% 5.7% 5.0% 4.7% 7.5% 6.6% 8.5% 8.8% 9.8% 13.4% 13.43%
Net Income 3Y 18.1% 12.9% 2.7% -1.1% -0.4% -2.8% 0.2% -0.8% 3.0% 2.3% 5.6% 10.5% 7.4% 8.9% 9.8% 8.2% 10.1% 12.7% 14.2% 15.3% 15.33%
Net Income 5Y 73.6% 24.3% 35.9% 19.9% 7.6% 10.1% 7.0% 12.9% 13.0% 10.1% 5.7% 3.1% 2.8% 2.7% 5.1% 4.2% 6.8% 7.1% 8.4% 11.6% 11.61%
EBITDA 3Y 6.2% 5.2% 4.7% 3.2% 2.7% 1.0% -0.2% 1.5% 3.9% 3.5% 5.3% 6.1% 4.9% 6.7% 7.2% 6.1% 6.5% 7.8% 8.4% 6.9% 6.92%
EBITDA 5Y 7.3% 4.7% 4.3% 4.1% 3.6% 3.5% 3.2% 5.1% 5.5% 5.4% 6.2% 5.2% 4.5% 4.6% 4.2% 3.8% 4.5% 4.4% 4.7% 5.2% 5.22%
Gross Profit 3Y 3.6% 2.8% 2.5% 2.3% 1.5% 0.7% 0.5% 2.4% 4.0% 5.0% 6.3% 0.6% 0.1% 0.5% 0.5% 5.5% 1.3% -3.6% -5.5% -12.9% -12.85%
Gross Profit 5Y 4.2% 3.8% 3.6% 3.2% 2.8% 2.7% 2.4% 3.1% 3.7% 4.1% 4.9% 1.8% 1.3% 0.9% 0.8% 3.8% 1.2% -1.8% -3.1% -7.2% -7.22%
Op. Income 3Y 10.5% 7.8% 7.4% 3.5% 2.3% 1.0% 0.9% 8.7% 15.7% 16.5% 17.3% 16.8% 15.9% 16.7% 17.3% 12.4% 8.3% 9.7% 10.3% 2.5% 2.51%
Op. Income 5Y 8.4% 8.3% 8.0% 7.3% 6.8% 5.7% 5.0% 11.5% 14.8% 13.8% 14.6% 12.4% 11.3% 10.9% 10.9% 7.8% 5.4% 6.0% 6.1% 5.9% 5.86%
FCF 3Y -12.5% — — — -65.7% 47.5% 24.5% 4.6% 7.4% 3.4% 9.7% 9.3% 19.8% — — — 5.1% 27.6% 26.6% 23.2% 23.20%
FCF 5Y 3.1% — — — -57.1% 10.1% 3.8% 7.5% 5.9% 5.9% 12.6% 24.6% 38.6% 32.8% 19.8% 11.9% 13.8% 12.8% 14.2% 22.7% 22.66%
OCF 3Y -3.9% -5.3% -3.4% -2.0% 2.9% 1.4% -1.1% -0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 4.8% 10.1% 10.4% 13.3% 15.1% 17.8% 15.3% 17.8% 16.4% 13.8% 13.75%
OCF 5Y 0.2% 1.2% 2.0% 0.5% 1.4% 1.5% -0.3% 1.5% 0.8% 1.0% 4.4% 5.5% 7.5% 7.2% 5.3% 5.4% 6.4% 7.6% 8.5% 11.6% 11.65%
Assets 3Y 5.0% 4.1% 4.1% 3.3% 3.9% 3.0% 0.4% 8.5% 8.7% 8.9% 6.3% 2.4% 6.8% 6.5% 6.9% 5.7% 5.7% 6.4% 8.0% 0.9% 0.85%
Assets 5Y 2.7% 3.0% 2.9% 2.7% 2.6% 1.9% 0.3% 6.7% 6.9% 6.0% 6.4% 5.9% 5.8% 6.0% 5.2% 4.9% 5.3% 5.4% 3.7% 1.6% 1.57%
Equity 3Y — 36.9% 30.0% 22.4% 15.0% 11.6% 9.8% 12.3% 15.5% 15.8% 15.8% 20.5% 20.1% 19.8% 18.4% 19.2% 21.7% 24.6% 23.7% 21.6% 21.57%
Book Value 3Y — 38.8% 33.1% 26.7% 18.5% 15.2% 14.1% 15.7% 17.8% 19.0% 17.5% 23.7% 22.2% 21.8% 19.5% 20.1% 23.0% 24.5% 23.7% 22.6% 22.56%
Dividend 3Y 14.9% 11.5% 12.6% 9.1% 6.6% 5.1% 5.8% 3.4% 1.8% 2.2% 0.9% 3.9% 4.0% 4.7% 3.9% 3.5% 3.6% 2.1% 2.2% 3.7% 3.72%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.95 0.94 0.96 0.94 0.93 0.91 0.95 0.91 0.79 0.70 0.65 0.78 0.84 0.81 0.76 0.87 0.90 0.87 0.80 0.88 0.876
Earnings Stability 0.70 0.77 0.68 0.61 0.56 0.54 0.62 0.34 0.50 0.37 0.65 0.22 0.52 0.30 0.69 0.65 0.85 0.80 0.86 0.92 0.921
Margin Stability 0.96 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.85 0.83 0.78 0.775
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.95 0.97 0.99 0.99 1.00 0.98 0.97 0.93 0.92 0.96 0.94 0.96 0.98 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.91 0.912
Earnings Smoothness 0.97 0.95 0.97 0.89 0.93 0.97 0.97 0.99 0.95 0.92 0.84 0.82 0.90 0.86 0.92 0.95 0.86 0.86 0.85 0.80 0.803
ROE Trend -0.16 -0.15 -0.09 -0.08 -0.06 -0.06 -0.04 -0.04 -0.07 -0.07 -0.05 -0.07 -0.09 -0.06 -0.05 -0.05 -0.03 -0.04 -0.03 0.01 0.007
Gross Margin Trend -0.00 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.10 -0.10 -0.09 -0.08 0.03 -0.04 -0.10 -0.13 -0.20 -0.200
FCF Margin Trend -0.00 -0.17 -0.18 -0.21 -0.13 0.09 0.10 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.07 0.05 0.00 -0.00 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.091
Sustainable Growth Rate 27.8% 26.2% 24.5% 25.7% 25.7% 24.2% 23.0% 23.1% 24.2% 24.2% 25.9% 24.6% 21.9% 22.9% 22.7% 20.6% 21.7% 22.4% 23.2% 23.6% 23.59%
Internal Growth Rate 3.3% 3.1% 3.0% 3.1% 3.3% 3.1% 3.1% 3.0% 3.2% 3.3% 3.8% 3.6% 3.4% 3.6% 3.7% 3.8% 4.1% 4.3% 4.6% 5.0% 4.96%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 2.14 2.04 1.99 1.90 2.04 2.11 2.18 2.31 2.24 2.25 2.25 2.19 2.32 2.30 2.29 2.45 2.35 2.41 2.31 2.22 2.218
FCF/OCF 0.36 -0.22 -0.22 -0.22 0.00 0.54 0.53 0.59 0.61 0.59 0.61 0.46 0.46 0.51 0.51 0.68 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.75 0.750
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.662
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.860
CapEx/Revenue 17.6% 31.8% 30.8% 31.3% 27.7% 12.8% 13.3% 12.1% 11.2% 11.1% 11.9% 16.5% 17.0% 15.9% 15.2% 10.8% 10.2% 11.3% 11.2% 9.1% 9.05%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.612
Accruals Ratio -0.06 -0.06 -0.05 -0.05 -0.06 -0.06 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.08 -0.07 -0.07 -0.08 -0.08 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.090
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.105
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.422
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.57%
Dividend/Share $1.02 $1.09 $1.12 $1.16 $1.17 $1.22 $1.22 $1.18 $1.17 $1.20 $1.17 $1.25 $1.26 $1.30 $1.30 $1.35 $1.38 $1.39 $1.39 $1.48 $1.60
Payout Ratio 43.6% 46.3% 46.3% 45.0% 45.2% 47.1% 47.2% 45.1% 42.9% 42.6% 39.4% 39.2% 41.3% 40.4% 39.5% 40.4% 38.6% 37.6% 36.1% 36.1% 36.08%
FCF Payout Ratio 56.8% — — — 46.4% 41.2% 40.4% 33.1% 31.5% 32.2% 28.7% 39.1% 38.8% 34.3% 33.7% 24.3% 23.4% 22.6% 22.7% 21.7% 21.71%
Total Payout Ratio 92.7% 95.1% 85.0% 89.8% 87.4% 86.7% 82.4% 63.6% 49.1% 43.8% 40.5% 44.0% 51.0% 55.7% 62.4% 63.3% 61.3% 63.0% 63.3% 69.1% 69.14%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.73 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.73 0.74 0.74 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.76 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.740
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.70 0.70 0.71 0.73 0.73 0.72 0.72 0.70 0.70 0.68 0.69 0.70 0.70 0.72 0.73 0.74 0.76 0.76 0.78 0.81 0.808
EBIT Margin 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.273
Asset Turnover 0.44 0.44 0.43 0.40 0.42 0.42 0.44 0.42 0.43 0.47 0.49 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.453
Equity Multiplier 8.72 8.71 8.39 8.67 8.11 8.19 7.55 7.95 7.71 7.58 7.00 7.00 6.64 6.63 6.32 5.67 5.51 5.40 5.26 4.99 4.990
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $2.33 $2.37 $2.42 $2.58 $2.58 $2.59 $2.59 $2.61 $2.74 $2.82 $2.98 $3.19 $3.05 $3.22 $3.29 $3.35 $3.56 $3.70 $3.85 $4.10 $4.10
Book Value/Share $5.07 $5.14 $5.59 $5.93 $5.78 $5.86 $6.13 $6.47 $7.09 $7.49 $7.92 $9.17 $9.25 $9.29 $9.54 $10.25 $10.75 $11.32 $11.61 $11.91 $13.26
Tangible Book/Share $-12.55 $-15.58 $-15.50 $-15.29 $-15.25 $-15.74 $-15.44 $-19.45 $-18.71 $-18.98 $-17.84 $-18.32 $-17.71 $-17.42 $-17.07 $-16.37 $-15.92 $-3.74 $-15.01 $-16.58 $-16.58
Revenue/Share $18.25 $18.64 $19.03 $19.15 $18.97 $19.58 $19.72 $20.50 $21.65 $23.56 $24.07 $24.53 $24.05 $24.29 $24.20 $24.23 $24.35 $24.50 $24.78 $25.13 $25.74
FCF/Share $1.79 $-1.09 $-1.06 $-1.10 $0.03 $2.96 $3.02 $3.56 $3.73 $3.73 $4.09 $3.19 $3.24 $3.79 $3.86 $5.56 $5.88 $6.14 $6.13 $6.81 $6.98
OCF/Share $5.00 $4.84 $4.80 $4.90 $5.28 $5.45 $5.65 $6.03 $6.15 $6.34 $6.69 $6.98 $7.08 $7.41 $7.54 $8.19 $8.36 $8.90 $8.92 $9.09 $9.31
Cash/Share $1.94 $0.26 $0.11 $0.04 $0.16 $0.03 $0.03 $0.11 $0.11 $0.05 $0.27 $0.04 $0.23 $0.27 $0.92 $0.09 $1.25 $0.84 $1.37 $0.54 $0.55
EBITDA/Share $7.77 $7.77 $7.90 $8.12 $8.08 $8.19 $8.15 $8.44 $8.89 $9.19 $9.44 $9.75 $9.45 $9.94 $10.01 $9.93 $10.10 $10.23 $10.38 $10.57 $10.57
Debt/Share $26.64 $28.06 $28.00 $29.20 $29.38 $29.48 $27.52 $36.08 $35.49 $35.41 $34.49 $35.07 $33.82 $34.46 $34.34 $32.30 $32.42 $32.36 $31.51 $31.10 $31.10
Net Debt/Share $24.70 $27.79 $27.88 $29.16 $29.22 $29.45 $27.50 $35.97 $35.38 $35.36 $34.23 $35.03 $33.59 $34.20 $33.41 $32.21 $31.17 $31.52 $30.14 $30.56 $30.56
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 8 6 5 8 5 6 8 5 6 6 5 8 8 8 8 7 6 7 7 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.68 -2.49 -2.69 -2.66 -2.68 -2.78 -2.75 -2.40 -2.42 -2.45 -2.31 -2.08 -2.70 -2.56 -2.88 -3.21 -2.28 -2.58 -2.86 -2.43 -2.426
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.555
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-35.17
EVA snapshot only $216834393.05
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB-
Credit Score 51.80 47.45 43.55 42.05 41.95 43.75 47.45 43.70 46.10 44.75 43.55 46.55 45.20 46.10 48.65 48.20 48.20 48.20 53.45 50.75 50.750
Credit Grade snapshot only 10
Credit Trend snapshot only 2.550
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 350.000

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