— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: RATEGAIN.BO (BSE) · $vol 0M

RATEGAIN.NS NSE

RateGain Travel Technologies Limited
1W: +2.0% 1M: -7.8% 3M: -10.7% YTD: +41.8% 1Y: +71.7% 3Y: +82.5%
₹849.25 ($8.82)
+8.60 (+1.02%)
 
NSE · Technology · Software - Application · Tech Score Sell · Power 34 · ₹99.0B mcap · 61M float · 0.803% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C+
Oct 05, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
3
ROA
1
D/E
1
P/E
1
P/B
2
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. RATEGAIN.NS receives an overall rating of C+. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5). Areas of concern: ROA (1/5), D/E (1/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B- C+
2026-08-25 C+ B-
2026-08-21 B- C+
2026-08-20 C+ B-
2026-08-18 B- C+
2026-08-17 C B-
2026-08-10 B+ C
2026-07-23 B B+
2026-07-01 A- B
2026-06-01 B+ A-

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 56 Grade B
Profitability
51
Balance Sheet
64
Earnings Quality
62
Growth
54
Value
43
Momentum
69
Safety
80
Cash Flow
53
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. RATEGAIN.NS scores highest in Safety (80/100) and lowest in Value (43/100). A grade of B indicates above-average fundamentals with room for improvement in select areas.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
3.15
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
3/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
0.07
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-8.94
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A
Score: 70.8/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 0.87x
Accruals: 0.9%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. RATEGAIN.NS scores 3.15, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. RATEGAIN.NS scores 3/9, suggesting weak financial fundamentals — the company fails the majority of these accounting tests. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. RATEGAIN.NS's score of 0.07 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. RATEGAIN.NS's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. RATEGAIN.NS receives an estimated rating of A (score: 70.8/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). RATEGAIN.NS's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
41.49x
PEG
2.79x
P/S
4.32x
P/B
5.02x
P/FCF
32.10x
P/OCF
30.77x
EV/EBITDA
15.54x
EV/Revenue
3.26x
EV/EBIT
19.70x
EV/FCF
36.74x
Earnings Yield
3.75%
FCF Yield
3.11%
Shareholder Yield
0.00%
Graham Number
$250.11
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 41.5x earnings, RATEGAIN.NS is priced for high growth expectations. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $250.11 per share, 234% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.771
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.836
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.165
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.667
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.481
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
10.5%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. RATEGAIN.NS's ROE of 10.5% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.667), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$631.95
Price/Value
0.69x
Margin of Safety
30.67%
Premium
-30.67%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with RATEGAIN.NS's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. RATEGAIN.NS actually compounded EPS at 37.6% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. RATEGAIN.NS trades at a -31% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $631.95, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 41.5x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1160 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$840.65
Median 1Y
$925.00
5th Pctile
$432.91
95th Pctile
$1979.00
Ann. Volatility
45.0%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
ROE 0.0% 1.9% 3.2% 5.1% 10.3% 10.3% 12.6% 14.3% 12.6% 13.5% 15.4% 16.2% 13.8% 13.3% 13.4% 12.4% 10.5% 10.5% 10.54%
ROA 0.0% 1.5% 2.6% 4.2% 7.0% 7.9% 9.8% 11.0% 10.4% 10.9% 12.4% 13.1% 11.4% 11.5% 11.6% 10.8% 6.5% 7.1% 7.12%
ROIC 0.2% 4.5% 5.2% 11.7% 17.1% 15.1% 19.6% 25.8% 28.0% 28.8% 31.5% 24.9% 26.5% 13.3% 13.3% 28.1% 5.9% 7.2% 7.19%
ROCE 0.6% 2.4% 4.0% 6.3% 8.2% 9.1% 11.9% 13.7% 10.4% 12.8% 14.6% 15.5% 14.0% 14.8% 15.0% 13.7% 7.5% 10.5% 10.45%
Gross Margin 48.7% 55.8% 51.7% 53.5% 56.3% 11.7% 59.0% 59.8% 59.9% 62.3% 15.5% 62.3% 62.9% 66.2% 60.0% 60.9% 11.0% 62.3% 62.34%
Operating Margin 1.3% 10.2% 3.1% 12.9% 10.9% 14.3% 12.3% 16.9% 16.5% 17.5% 15.5% 18.6% 19.1% 20.8% 15.0% 15.0% 11.0% 15.7% 15.66%
Net Margin 0.1% 10.8% 7.1% 10.4% 9.6% 18.5% 11.6% 12.8% 16.0% 19.6% 17.5% 18.8% 20.3% 21.0% 17.2% 17.3% 4.9% 9.8% 9.78%
EBITDA Margin 10.1% 19.9% 16.5% 19.6% 17.0% 20.2% 20.4% 21.3% 24.7% 29.4% 26.2% 28.0% 29.4% 23.4% 25.8% 25.5% 16.1% 20.9% 20.91%
FCF Margin 5.0% 5.8% 4.7% 7.1% 9.0% 7.4% 9.2% 8.4% 7.7% 10.5% 11.4% 12.5% 13.8% 13.0% 12.0% 12.8% 9.7% 8.9% 8.86%
OCF Margin 5.2% 5.9% 5.1% 7.4% 9.2% 7.5% 9.2% 8.4% 7.7% 10.6% 11.6% 12.8% 14.2% 13.4% 12.5% 13.4% 10.2% 9.2% 9.25%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 10.71%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 8.73%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 8.28%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 7.68%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 6.79%
Cash ROA snapshot only 4.74%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 6.12%
CROIC snapshot only 5.86%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 10.86%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 13.82%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.42%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio 37235.00 330.37 127.88 88.02 66.96 54.59 53.77 63.34 63.63 58.73 53.58 46.47 42.28 25.10 25.63 36.46 45.57 26.69 41.494
P/S Ratio 31.97 18.68 7.89 6.46 6.32 6.61 6.91 8.38 9.29 8.92 8.86 8.36 8.05 4.87 4.95 6.89 5.97 2.85 4.316
P/B Ratio 13.01 6.24 4.05 4.46 4.74 5.26 6.43 8.38 5.87 5.89 6.13 5.61 5.54 3.12 3.21 4.20 4.39 2.59 5.017
P/FCF 637.04 319.41 167.04 90.55 70.31 89.78 74.91 99.30 121.37 85.35 77.68 66.92 58.29 37.62 41.25 54.02 61.58 32.10 32.103
P/OCF 614.44 314.66 156.07 87.61 68.91 87.88 74.91 99.30 121.37 84.57 76.44 65.52 56.86 36.46 39.70 51.51 58.26 30.77 30.774
EV/EBITDA 304.91 110.88 42.96 32.93 30.02 32.84 33.14 39.30 37.47 32.41 30.70 27.32 25.19 16.33 16.72 22.00 30.48 15.54 15.538
EV/Revenue 30.95 16.89 6.74 5.52 5.46 6.08 6.46 7.87 8.18 7.83 7.82 7.40 7.11 4.37 4.46 5.73 6.54 3.26 3.257
EV/EBIT 1463.27 227.68 82.01 58.09 47.88 49.94 47.52 53.51 47.99 39.40 36.26 31.49 28.60 18.61 18.97 25.05 37.42 19.70 19.697
EV/FCF 616.73 288.92 142.82 77.43 60.73 82.58 70.00 93.28 106.79 74.93 68.57 59.21 51.49 33.77 37.15 44.89 67.48 36.74 36.745
Earnings Yield 0.0% 0.3% 0.8% 1.1% 1.5% 1.8% 1.9% 1.6% 1.6% 1.7% 1.9% 2.2% 2.4% 4.0% 3.9% 2.7% 2.2% 3.7% 3.75%
FCF Yield 0.2% 0.3% 0.6% 1.1% 1.4% 1.1% 1.3% 1.0% 0.8% 1.2% 1.3% 1.5% 1.7% 2.7% 2.4% 1.9% 1.6% 3.1% 3.11%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 2.786
EV/OCF snapshot only 35.223
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 6.996
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 23.132
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 0.00%
Graham Number snapshot only $250.11
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.93 4.08 4.50 4.98 4.98 2.61 2.61 2.78 5.19 5.30 5.30 5.50 — 7.34 7.34 7.42 2.30 1.41 1.412
Quick Ratio 1.93 3.82 4.50 4.97 4.97 2.61 2.61 2.78 5.19 5.30 5.30 5.50 — 7.34 7.34 7.42 2.30 1.41 1.412
Debt/Equity 0.47 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.61 0.47 0.473
Net Debt/Equity -0.41 -0.60 -0.59 -0.65 -0.65 -0.42 -0.42 -0.51 -0.70 -0.72 -0.72 -0.65 -0.65 -0.32 -0.32 -0.71 0.42 0.37 0.374
Debt/Assets 0.22 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.31 0.27 0.267
Debt/EBITDA 11.33 0.57 0.38 0.25 0.21 0.17 0.14 0.12 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.05 3.86 2.48 2.482
Net Debt/EBITDA -10.04 -11.70 -7.28 -5.58 -4.74 -2.87 -2.33 -2.54 -5.11 -4.51 -4.08 -3.56 -3.33 -1.86 -1.85 -4.48 2.66 1.96 1.963
Interest Coverage 1.25 5.95 8.91 12.64 26.95 45.51 63.30 80.97 107.93 139.27 161.21 187.14 208.60 199.25 204.08 208.15 17.89 9.57 9.572
Equity Multiplier 2.13 1.26 1.24 1.22 1.22 1.33 1.33 1.36 1.21 1.19 1.19 1.17 1.22 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.96 1.77 1.775
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.294
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 12.135
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.209
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.170
Defensive Interval snapshot only 286.7 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.19 0.26 0.41 0.57 0.75 0.65 0.76 0.83 0.71 0.72 0.75 0.73 0.60 0.59 0.60 0.57 0.49 0.67 0.667
Inventory Turnover — 3.00 — 429.73 898.38 20.99 — 1623.66 1786.90 — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 1.48 2.06 3.61 5.16 6.35 4.32 5.26 5.36 5.84 5.23 5.48 4.95 4.63 5.16 5.22 4.75 3.14 5.33 5.334
Payables Turnover 1.99 2.36 3.28 4.87 6.44 5.44 5.67 6.00 6.21 4.67 6.30 5.10 4.73 5.78 4.54 3.85 4.03 5.79 5.791
DSO 247 177 101 71 57 84 69 68 62 70 67 74 79 71 70 77 116 68 68.4 days
DIO 0 121 0 1 0 17 -0 0 0 -0 -0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 183 155 111 75 57 67 64 61 59 78 58 72 77 63 80 95 91 63 63.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 64 144 -10 -3 1 35 5 7 4 -9 8 2 2 8 -11 -18 26 5 5.4 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 49.611
Cash Velocity snapshot only 9.187
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.952
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue — — — — 3.9% 1.7% 1.0% 70.9% 80.4% 69.3% 51.8% 35.7% 21.2% 12.5% 8.7% 6.0% 27.7% 69.4% 69.37%
Net Income — — — — 542.8% 4.8% 3.2% 2.1% 1.8% 1.1% 95.4% 84.4% 58.1% 43.7% 26.9% 11.3% -12.2% -7.0% -6.96%
EPS — — — — 425.1% 5.2% 3.2% 2.1% 1.7% 93.9% 79.2% 68.4% 49.9% 45.2% 28.2% 12.1% -11.5% -7.4% -7.40%
FCF — — — — 7.9% 2.4% 3.0% 1.0% 53.8% 1.4% 87.8% 1.0% 1.2% 39.4% 14.3% 8.2% -10.4% 15.9% 15.92%
EBITDA — — — — 7.9% 2.3% 1.5% 1.0% 1.2% 1.2% 98.6% 83.4% 56.8% 24.7% 13.7% 1.8% -3.0% 32.6% 32.56%
Op. Income — — — — 34.0% 4.0% 4.2% 2.3% 1.9% 1.5% 98.3% 65.8% 41.7% 30.7% 20.3% 8.2% 4.9% 28.9% 28.91%
OCF Growth snapshot only 17.21%
Asset Growth snapshot only 86.95%
Equity Growth snapshot only 19.21%
Debt Growth snapshot only 58.11%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.47%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 73.3% 49.5% 34.9% 40.8% 47.8% 47.77%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 11.0% 1.6% 1.1% 79.4% 52.7% 37.6% 37.63%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.4% 1.6% 1.2% 85.0% 57.1% 41.6% 41.65%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.1% 1.1% 78.4% 56.2% 48.8% 54.0% 54.04%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 73.0% 59.0% 42.9% 29.3% 55.1% 55.09%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.3% 1.5% 1.3% 81.8% 63.1% 61.4% 61.44%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.1% 1.3% 1.0% 63.8% 44.4% 57.2% 57.22%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.1% 1.3% 1.0% 64.6% 46.1% 58.3% 58.32%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Assets 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 54.1% 34.6% 34.3% 37.3% 66.0% 55.6% 55.58%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Equity 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 85.7% 39.6% 38.4% 40.7% 41.8% 41.4% 41.38%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 66.0% 38.7% 34.4% 36.5% 37.8% 37.4% 37.38%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability — — — — — — — — 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.93 0.98 0.91 0.913
Earnings Stability — — — — — — — — 0.97 0.99 1.00 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.95 0.88 0.90 0.904
Margin Stability — — — — — — — — 0.94 0.80 0.92 0.95 0.95 0.84 0.85 0.88 0.89 0.83 0.829
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence — — — — — — — — 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.83 0.89 0.95 0.95 0.97 0.972
Earnings Smoothness — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.28 0.35 0.41 0.55 0.64 0.76 0.89 0.87 0.93 0.928
ROE Trend — — — — — — — — 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.015
Gross Margin Trend — — — — — — — — -0.02 0.14 0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.02 0.16 0.14 -0.08 -0.10 -0.096
FCF Margin Trend — — — — — — — — 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.02 -0.01 -0.03 -0.028
Sustainable Growth Rate 0.0% 1.9% 3.2% 5.1% 10.3% 10.3% 12.6% 14.3% 12.6% 13.5% 15.4% 16.2% 13.8% 13.3% 13.4% 12.4% 10.5% 10.5% 10.54%
Internal Growth Rate 0.0% 1.5% 2.6% 4.3% 7.6% 8.6% 10.9% 12.4% 11.6% 12.2% 14.1% 15.1% 12.8% 13.0% 13.1% 12.1% 6.9% 7.7% 7.66%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 60.60 1.05 0.82 1.00 0.97 0.62 0.72 0.64 0.52 0.69 0.70 0.71 0.74 0.69 0.65 0.71 0.78 0.87 0.867
FCF/OCF 0.96 0.99 0.93 0.97 0.98 0.98 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.96 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.959
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.831
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.441
CapEx/Revenue 0.2% 0.1% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.3% 0.4% 0.5% 0.6% 0.6% 0.4% 0.38%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.086
Accruals Ratio -0.01 -0.00 0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.009
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.375
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 24.153
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Dividend/Share $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
FCF Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Payout Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Div. Increase Streak — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield -0.8% -0.7% -4.7% -4.1% -3.1% -2.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -1.7% -3.4% -5.1% -6.9% -8.5% -5.5% -2.0% -0.0% -0.0% -0.02%
Total Shareholder Return -0.8% -0.7% -4.7% -4.1% -3.1% -2.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -1.7% -3.4% -5.1% -6.9% -8.5% -5.5% -2.0% -0.0% -0.0% -0.02%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.20 0.92 0.84 0.84 0.86 1.02 0.96 0.91 0.87 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.76 0.77 0.79 0.77 0.771
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.20 0.83 0.89 0.92 0.96 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.08 1.07 1.08 0.95 0.84 0.836
EBIT Margin 0.02 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.15 0.17 0.20 0.22 0.23 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.17 0.17 0.165
Asset Turnover 0.19 0.26 0.41 0.57 0.75 0.65 0.76 0.83 0.71 0.72 0.75 0.73 0.60 0.59 0.60 0.57 0.49 0.67 0.667
Equity Multiplier 2.13 1.26 1.24 1.22 1.47 1.30 1.29 1.30 1.21 1.24 1.24 1.23 1.21 1.16 1.16 1.15 1.62 1.48 1.481
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.01 $1.01 $1.86 $3.06 $4.26 $6.30 $7.77 $9.37 $11.44 $12.21 $13.93 $15.78 $17.15 $17.73 $17.85 $17.68 $15.18 $16.41 $16.41
Book Value/Share $28.62 $53.54 $58.81 $60.42 $60.16 $65.33 $64.97 $70.83 $124.04 $121.78 $121.79 $130.66 $130.84 $142.76 $142.70 $153.50 $157.52 $169.38 $169.71
Tangible Book/Share $4.93 $36.42 $52.45 $42.85 $42.67 $30.88 $30.71 $37.89 $108.39 $92.83 $92.83 $102.69 $103.22 $115.27 $115.22 $125.87 $-51.37 $-30.40 $-30.40
Revenue/Share $11.65 $17.89 $30.22 $41.74 $45.18 $52.02 $60.44 $70.79 $78.30 $80.35 $84.18 $87.68 $90.04 $91.35 $92.40 $93.56 $115.93 $153.98 $197.61
FCF/Share $0.58 $1.05 $1.43 $2.98 $4.06 $3.83 $5.58 $5.98 $6.00 $8.40 $9.61 $10.95 $12.44 $11.83 $11.09 $11.93 $11.23 $13.65 $4.02
OCF/Share $0.61 $1.06 $1.53 $3.08 $4.14 $3.91 $5.58 $5.98 $6.00 $8.48 $9.76 $11.19 $12.75 $12.20 $11.52 $12.52 $11.87 $14.24 $4.25
Cash/Share $25.26 $33.45 $36.33 $40.80 $40.62 $29.22 $29.06 $37.68 $88.96 $88.96 $88.97 $85.91 $86.03 $46.90 $46.87 $110.31 $29.65 $16.76 $0.00
EBITDA/Share $1.18 $2.73 $4.74 $7.00 $8.21 $9.63 $11.78 $14.18 $17.09 $19.42 $21.46 $23.74 $25.43 $24.46 $24.65 $24.35 $24.87 $32.28 $32.28
Debt/Share $13.39 $1.56 $1.79 $1.73 $1.72 $1.63 $1.62 $1.67 $1.55 $1.40 $1.40 $1.44 $1.39 $1.36 $1.36 $1.26 $95.91 $80.11 $80.11
Net Debt/Share $-11.87 $-31.89 $-34.54 $-39.07 $-38.90 $-27.59 $-27.44 $-36.01 $-87.41 $-87.56 $-87.57 $-84.47 $-84.64 $-45.53 $-45.51 $-109.05 $66.26 $63.35 $63.35
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.146
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 5.186
Piotroski F-Score 4 4 3 4 7 6 6 6 7 7 6 6 6 8 8 6 3 3 3
Beneish M-Score — — — — -2.27 0.50 -1.45 -1.16 -1.13 -2.47 -0.68 -2.21 -2.14 -2.20 -2.59 -2.30 1.87 0.07 0.074
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -8.944
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-50.61
EVA snapshot only $-775300611.57
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A
Credit Score 52.17 85.47 89.09 92.76 95.95 95.14 95.50 95.24 95.02 95.02 95.26 95.21 77.60 94.91 94.96 95.06 77.58 70.78 70.783
Credit Grade snapshot only 6
Credit Trend snapshot only -24.122
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 150.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 63
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 57

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