— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: SOJD (NYSE) · $vol 2M

SOJE NYSE

Southern Company (The) Series 2
1W: -3.2% 1M: -3.5% 3M: -8.1% YTD: -14.8% 1Y: -19.0% 3Y: -4.0% 5Y: -26.9%
$15.14
-0.10 (-0.66%)
After Hours: $15.29 (+0.14, +0.96%)
Weekly Expected Move ±2.7%
$14 $15 $15 $16 $16
NYSE · Utilities · Regulated Electric · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 31 · $105.4B mcap · 1.15B float · 0.0075% daily turnover · Short 47% of daily vol
Credit Risk of going bust: lower than 81% of companies Debt: 42.0% of company value Bonds: $726.1M held by 561 funds, 68 bp over Treasuries → details ▾
Of US companies ranked in the safest four tenths, about 1 in 3,500 filed for bankruptcy within a year (2020-2025).
If the stock fell to about $0.44 (down 97%), Southern Company (The) Series 2 would be worth roughly what it owes.
Total debt $77.09B against a stock market value of $106.49B.
Distance to default 9.97 (Merton model): prices to 2026-10-26, balance sheet 2026-06-30, debt counted $41.20B (short-term plus half of long-term), stock volatility 17.9%; Altman Z'' 0.86. A ranking and a back-test, not a forecast.
Bond figures are fund-reported marks (SEC N-PORT) as of Jul 2026. How these are computed.

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A-
Oct 27, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
5
ROA
1
D/E
4
P/E
4
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. SOJE receives an overall rating of A-. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (5/5), D/E (4/5), P/E (4/5). Areas of concern: ROA (1/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-12 B+ A-
2026-09-08 A- B+
2026-09-02 B+ A-
2026-08-31 A- B+
2026-08-24 B+ A-
2026-08-18 A- B+
2026-08-03 B+ A-
2026-05-20 A- B+
2026-05-04 B+ A-
2026-02-19 A- B+

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 47 Grade A
Profitability
57
Balance Sheet
24
Earnings Quality
80
Growth
50
Value
89
Momentum
79
Safety
15
Cash Flow
46
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. SOJE scores highest in Value (89/100) and lowest in Safety (15/100). An overall grade of A places SOJE among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
0.56
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
8/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.73
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-7.49
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
B
Score: 28.6/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 2.20x
Accruals: -3.6%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. SOJE scores 0.56, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. SOJE scores 8/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. SOJE's score of -2.73 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. SOJE's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. SOJE receives an estimated rating of B (score: 28.6/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). SOJE's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
22.16x
PEG
3.20x
P/S
3.52x
P/B
2.65x
P/FCF
7.39x
P/OCF
1.85x
EV/EBITDA
6.49x
EV/Revenue
3.09x
EV/EBIT
11.43x
EV/FCF
36.19x
Earnings Yield
24.50%
FCF Yield
13.54%
Shareholder Yield
16.31%
Graham Number
$56.43
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 22.2x earnings, SOJE commands a growth premium. An earnings yield of 24.5% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $56.43 per share, suggesting a potential 273% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.887
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.644
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.270
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.194
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
4.225
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
12.7%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. SOJE's ROE of 12.7% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 4.22x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
13.21%
Fair P/E
34.91x
Intrinsic Value
$142.49
Price/Value
0.12x
Margin of Safety
88.31%
Premium
-88.31%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with SOJE's realized 13.2% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. At an intrinsic value of $142.49, SOJE appears undervalued with a 88% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 34.9x compares to the current market P/E of 22.2x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1531 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$15.11
Median 1Y
$9.63
5th Pctile
$2.18
95th Pctile
$42.45
Ann. Volatility
91.5%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees
29,800
+4.2% YoY
Revenue / Employee
$991,711
Rev: $29,553,000,000
Profit / Employee
$145,671
NI: $4,341,000,000
SGA / Employee
—
Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 10.5% 8.5% 8.0% 10.6% 11.3% 12.1% 11.4% 10.4% 9.7% 12.9% 13.6% 14.6% 14.6% 13.6% 14.0% 12.9% 13.1% 12.5% 12.3% 12.7% 12.66%
ROA 2.4% 1.9% 1.8% 2.4% 2.6% 2.7% 2.6% 2.3% 2.2% 2.9% 3.1% 3.3% 3.3% 3.1% 3.2% 2.9% 3.0% 2.9% 2.9% 3.0% 3.00%
ROIC 5.0% 4.1% 3.8% 4.4% 4.8% 5.0% 4.7% 4.5% 4.6% 5.5% 5.7% 6.1% 6.2% 5.9% 5.9% 5.6% 5.7% 6.1% 5.5% 5.6% 5.58%
ROCE 4.5% 3.8% 3.6% 4.5% 4.8% 5.2% 5.0% 4.6% 4.5% 5.4% 5.7% 6.1% 6.2% 6.2% 6.2% 6.0% 6.1% 6.0% 5.9% 5.6% 5.57%
Gross Margin 49.2% 31.4% 39.5% 41.2% 40.5% 26.4% 42.0% 47.7% 53.8% 41.2% 48.8% 53.9% 54.3% 42.0% 48.1% 50.1% 55.0% 18.8% 46.5% 51.3% 51.27%
Operating Margin 27.6% -5.7% 20.8% 23.0% 26.2% 2.0% 18.8% 22.4% 30.2% 20.0% 25.6% 30.0% 32.6% 16.7% 25.9% 25.3% 33.2% 13.0% 24.0% 25.5% 25.46%
Net Margin 17.7% -3.7% 15.6% 15.4% 17.6% -1.2% 13.3% 14.6% 20.4% 14.1% 17.0% 18.6% 21.1% 8.4% 17.2% 12.6% 21.9% 6.0% 16.1% 16.8% 16.83%
EBITDA Margin 46.9% 16.4% 39.3% 40.1% 41.8% 18.5% 41.8% 47.6% 51.7% 45.0% 48.5% 53.9% 54.3% 40.8% 47.3% 49.7% 54.8% 39.6% 46.7% 48.3% 48.33%
FCF Margin -3.3% -4.6% -1.9% -0.9% -5.1% -5.5% -9.6% -10.8% -7.5% -6.1% -4.5% -2.8% 1.5% 2.1% -0.1% -3.8% -6.9% -10.5% -12.1% 8.5% 8.53%
OCF Margin 29.2% 26.7% 27.3% 26.5% 21.8% 21.5% 19.1% 20.3% 26.8% 29.9% 31.6% 33.1% 35.7% 36.6% 34.9% 32.5% 32.4% 33.2% 32.4% 34.0% 33.96%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 12.85%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 11.83%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 3.00%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 4.68%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 5.47%
Cash ROA snapshot only 6.32%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 9.02%
CROIC snapshot only 2.26%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 21.03%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 17.39%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.44%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 7.25 9.24 8.43 5.54 5.07 4.54 5.62 6.50 6.23 4.91 4.74 4.45 4.81 4.51 4.22 4.40 4.55 4.47 4.32 4.08 22.156
P/S Ratio 0.97 0.96 0.81 0.65 0.62 0.55 0.65 0.73 0.72 0.77 0.79 0.79 0.86 0.74 0.70 0.67 0.70 0.66 0.62 0.63 3.522
P/B Ratio 0.75 0.79 0.68 0.58 0.55 0.53 0.62 0.66 0.60 0.62 0.63 0.63 0.68 0.60 0.57 0.55 0.58 0.54 0.51 0.48 2.655
P/FCF -29.45 -20.79 -42.07 -74.90 -12.23 -9.90 -6.75 -6.73 -9.66 -12.67 -17.76 -28.42 55.94 36.02 -498.38 -17.51 -10.16 -6.24 -5.17 7.39 7.388
P/OCF 3.33 3.61 2.98 2.46 2.83 2.55 3.40 3.57 2.69 2.59 2.51 2.37 2.41 2.03 2.00 2.05 2.16 1.98 1.93 1.85 1.855
EV/EBITDA 8.06 9.06 8.89 7.63 7.23 7.11 7.53 7.84 7.67 6.99 6.89 6.51 6.49 6.42 6.37 6.47 6.47 5.89 6.50 6.49 6.490
EV/Revenue 3.31 3.29 3.09 2.77 2.57 2.50 2.69 2.91 3.03 3.26 3.33 3.25 3.28 3.18 3.13 3.12 3.14 2.83 3.11 3.09 3.085
EV/EBIT 14.08 17.21 17.17 13.36 12.32 11.73 12.86 13.98 13.99 12.11 11.64 10.73 10.62 10.67 10.54 10.89 10.82 10.06 11.20 11.43 11.433
EV/FCF -100.29 -70.91 -159.51 -318.18 -50.84 -45.20 -28.00 -26.92 -40.64 -53.35 -74.71 -117.57 213.73 154.36 -2236.67 -82.10 -45.39 -26.87 -25.78 36.19 36.188
Earnings Yield 13.8% 10.8% 11.9% 18.0% 19.7% 22.0% 17.8% 15.4% 16.1% 20.4% 21.1% 22.5% 20.8% 22.2% 23.7% 22.7% 22.0% 22.4% 23.2% 24.5% 24.50%
FCF Yield -3.4% -4.8% -2.4% -1.3% -8.2% -10.1% -14.8% -14.9% -10.4% -7.9% -5.6% -3.5% 1.8% 2.8% -0.2% -5.7% -9.8% -16.0% -19.3% 13.5% 13.54%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 3.200
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 0.557
EV/OCF snapshot only 9.086
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 7.110
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 12.757
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 16.31%
Graham Number snapshot only $56.43
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.86 0.82 0.89 0.85 0.81 0.66 0.69 0.83 0.84 0.77 0.92 0.91 0.91 0.67 0.86 0.74 0.75 0.65 0.65 0.79 0.787
Quick Ratio 0.66 0.61 0.69 0.65 0.60 0.49 0.49 0.61 0.60 0.53 0.63 0.64 0.63 0.46 0.64 0.53 0.56 0.45 0.44 0.58 0.577
Debt/Equity 1.88 1.97 1.96 1.95 1.80 1.94 1.98 2.03 1.99 2.02 2.04 2.02 1.95 2.00 2.07 2.08 2.11 1.83 2.05 1.95 1.948
Net Debt/Equity 1.81 1.91 1.90 1.89 1.74 1.88 1.95 1.97 1.93 2.00 2.02 1.98 1.92 1.96 2.00 2.05 2.01 1.78 2.02 1.87 1.873
Debt/Assets 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.46 0.45 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.45 0.46 0.47 0.48 0.48 0.42 0.48 0.48 0.476
Debt/EBITDA 5.92 6.61 6.75 6.02 5.69 5.74 5.82 6.09 6.01 5.39 5.31 5.03 4.87 5.01 5.12 5.18 5.26 4.64 5.26 5.37 5.373
Net Debt/EBITDA 5.69 6.40 6.55 5.84 5.49 5.55 5.72 5.88 5.85 5.33 5.25 4.94 4.79 4.93 4.95 5.09 5.02 4.52 5.20 5.17 5.165
Interest Coverage 2.89 2.40 2.32 2.84 3.00 3.09 2.85 2.54 2.40 2.78 2.88 3.03 3.04 2.91 2.96 2.73 2.76 2.51 2.49 2.47 2.475
Equity Multiplier 4.41 4.53 4.50 4.51 4.26 4.44 4.41 4.47 4.41 4.43 4.39 4.37 4.32 4.37 4.38 4.38 4.38 4.32 4.23 4.09 4.095
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.190
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 4.359
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.039
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.033
Defensive Interval snapshot only 436.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.194
Inventory Turnover 5.13 5.39 6.51 6.99 6.96 7.32 7.49 6.46 5.21 4.49 4.38 4.21 4.06 3.98 4.43 4.56 4.43 4.98 5.52 5.35 5.354
Receivables Turnover 11.41 11.57 11.54 13.06 13.81 15.47 14.94 13.39 11.79 12.57 12.70 13.02 11.76 12.99 12.39 12.95 9.38 13.42 12.86 13.65 13.652
Payables Turnover 5.38 5.25 5.85 6.17 6.48 6.47 7.87 6.27 5.04 4.22 5.84 5.33 3.85 4.06 5.34 5.38 4.22 4.51 5.72 5.40 5.404
DSO 32 32 32 28 26 24 24 27 31 29 29 28 31 28 29 28 39 27 28 27 26.7 days
DIO 71 68 56 52 52 50 49 57 70 81 83 87 90 92 82 80 82 73 66 68 68.2 days
DPO 68 70 62 59 56 56 46 58 72 87 63 68 95 90 68 68 86 81 64 68 67.5 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 35 30 25 21 23 17 27 26 29 24 49 46 26 30 43 40 35 19 31 27 27.4 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 0.251
Operating Cycle snapshot only 94.9 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 10.113
Capital Intensity snapshot only 5.369
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3.0% 1.2% 43.3% 18.4% 24.6% 26.7% 22.1% 6.9% -6.2% -13.8% -12.7% -5.5% 0.7% 5.8% 9.6% 8.5% 9.4% 10.6% 8.3% 6.4% 6.40%
Net Income 1.4% 46.4% -17.2% -3.8% 13.3% 46.8% 45.8% 1.6% -11.0% 12.5% 26.2% 49.2% 55.5% 10.7% 8.5% -7.1% -5.6% -1.4% -5.3% 8.7% 8.73%
EPS 1.4% 45.8% -17.4% -4.2% 11.2% 43.0% 41.9% -0.8% -11.9% 11.6% 26.0% 48.4% 55.0% 9.3% 8.0% -7.2% -6.2% -1.1% -7.2% 5.3% 5.30%
FCF -4.5% -1.7% 44.1% 74.1% -91.0% -51.4% -5.1% -12.3% -38.3% 4.9% 59.5% 75.8% 1.2% 1.4% 96.6% -49.2% -5.9% -6.6% -92.4% 3.4% 3.39%
EBITDA 2.1% 75.0% 10.5% 0.8% 7.9% 22.9% 25.5% 9.3% 4.2% 14.2% 18.1% 27.1% 29.0% 12.4% 11.5% 4.9% 4.8% 7.2% 5.4% 4.9% 4.91%
Op. Income 1.6% 44.2% -16.3% -9.0% 3.0% 45.2% 49.4% 9.2% -3.0% 8.5% 21.3% 43.8% 51.7% 21.3% 16.9% 3.5% 2.9% 3.0% -1.2% 1.4% 1.38%
OCF Growth snapshot only 11.15%
Asset Growth snapshot only 8.85%
Equity Growth snapshot only 16.33%
Debt Growth snapshot only 8.84%
Shares Change snapshot only 3.26%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 1.39%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — — — — 67.2% 33.0% 15.2% 6.2% 5.6% 5.0% 5.3% 3.1% 1.1% 0.3% 1.2% 3.0% 2.96%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 38.8% 22.4% 12.6% 6.7% 6.68%
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — — 32.8% 32.5% 13.9% 12.1% 14.9% 20.4% 24.6% 11.0% 8.6% 6.5% 8.1% 13.2% 13.21%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 27.8% 20.3% 8.2% 6.6% 6.62%
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — — 34.2% 34.2% 15.1% 13.4% 16.2% 22.2% 25.9% 12.1% 9.3% 7.1% 9.1% 14.7% 14.66%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 28.9% 21.4% 9.4% 8.1% 8.06%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — 51.1% 34.9% 17.9% 11.9% 13.2% 16.4% 18.2% 13.4% 12.1% 11.2% 11.5% 11.9% 11.85%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 36.1% 24.2% 14.0% 9.1% 9.05%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — — — — 54.1% 31.8% 15.5% 8.0% 8.4% 9.9% 11.9% 9.7% 9.5% 5.8% 5.9% 6.9% 6.90%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 36.2% 20.3% 10.4% 4.9% 4.95%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — — — — 37.4% 31.5% 14.9% 12.6% 14.9% 24.1% 28.4% 17.6% 14.9% 10.7% 11.9% 14.7% 14.68%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 32.3% 23.2% 11.9% 8.4% 8.43%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — — 43.6% 25.2% 16.4% 8.6% 12.9% 16.6% 14.3% 10.4% 15.4% 15.9% 20.7% 22.1% 22.15%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 31.6% 20.6% 13.9% 8.7% 8.70%
Assets 3Y — — — — — — — — 3.9% 4.3% 3.8% 4.1% 4.0% 4.4% 4.8% 4.4% 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.7% 5.72%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.5% 4.8% 4.6% 5.2% 5.17%
Equity 3Y — — — — — — — — 3.2% 3.6% 3.5% 4.4% 4.7% 5.6% 5.8% 5.5% 3.6% 5.8% 6.7% 8.9% 8.86%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — — — — 2.1% 2.3% 2.4% 3.3% 3.6% 4.0% 4.6% 4.4% 2.9% 5.2% 5.8% 7.5% 7.48%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — — — — 0.6% 0.2% -0.2% -0.8% -1.4% -2.4% -1.9% -1.6% -0.6% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.25%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability — — — — 0.92 0.96 0.99 0.95 0.72 0.64 0.61 0.58 0.31 0.12 0.21 0.41 0.69 0.66 0.70 0.85 0.854
Earnings Stability — — — — 0.88 0.99 0.30 0.36 0.59 0.98 0.71 0.56 0.79 0.96 0.84 0.65 0.80 0.90 0.80 0.74 0.743
Margin Stability — — — — 0.83 0.88 0.88 0.90 0.85 0.89 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.902
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence — — — — 0.95 0.81 0.82 0.99 0.96 0.95 0.90 0.80 0.50 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.965
Earnings Smoothness 0.18 0.62 0.81 0.96 0.88 0.62 0.63 0.98 0.88 0.88 0.77 0.61 0.57 0.90 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.99 0.95 0.92 0.916
ROE Trend — — — — 0.03 0.04 0.02 -0.01 -0.01 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 -0.016
Gross Margin Trend — — — — -0.11 -0.08 -0.07 -0.05 -0.00 0.06 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.03 -0.05 -0.06 -0.06 -0.058
FCF Margin Trend — — — — -0.05 -0.01 -0.06 -0.08 -0.03 -0.01 0.01 0.03 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.03 -0.04 -0.09 -0.10 0.12 0.118
Sustainable Growth Rate 0.9% -1.3% -1.7% 0.8% 1.8% 2.1% 1.4% 0.3% 0.1% 3.0% 3.9% 5.0% 5.4% 4.5% 5.0% 4.0% 4.3% 3.8% 3.7% 4.2% 4.23%
Internal Growth Rate 0.2% — — 0.2% 0.4% 0.5% 0.3% 0.1% 0.0% 0.7% 0.9% 1.2% 1.2% 1.0% 1.2% 0.9% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 1.0% 1.01%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 2.18 2.56 2.83 2.25 1.79 1.78 1.65 1.82 2.31 1.90 1.89 1.88 2.00 2.22 2.11 2.15 2.10 2.26 2.24 2.20 2.201
FCF/OCF -0.11 -0.17 -0.07 -0.03 -0.23 -0.26 -0.50 -0.53 -0.28 -0.20 -0.14 -0.08 0.04 0.06 -0.00 -0.12 -0.21 -0.32 -0.37 0.25 0.251
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.553
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.714
CapEx/Revenue 32.5% 31.3% 29.3% 27.3% 26.9% 27.1% 28.7% 31.1% 34.2% 36.0% 36.0% 35.9% 34.1% 34.6% 35.1% 36.3% 39.3% 43.7% 44.5% 25.4% 25.43%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.237
Accruals Ratio -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.036
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.037
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.951
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 12.6% 12.5% 14.4% 16.8% 16.6% 18.1% 15.6% 14.9% 15.9% 15.5% 15.0% 14.7% 13.1% 14.9% 15.2% 15.7% 14.7% 15.5% 16.2% 16.3% 3.25%
Dividend/Share $2.58 $2.61 $2.62 $2.64 $2.63 $2.67 $2.68 $2.72 $2.74 $2.76 $2.75 $2.73 $2.71 $2.66 $2.68 $2.68 $2.69 $2.72 $2.71 $2.72 $3.00
Payout Ratio 91.5% 1.2% 1.2% 92.9% 84.0% 82.2% 87.7% 96.7% 99.2% 76.3% 71.3% 65.4% 63.2% 67.1% 64.2% 69.1% 67.0% 69.5% 70.0% 66.6% 66.57%
FCF Payout Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — 7.3% 5.4% — — — — — 1.2% 1.20%
Total Payout Ratio 91.5% 1.2% 1.2% 92.9% 84.0% 82.2% 87.7% 96.7% 99.2% 76.3% 71.3% 65.4% 63.2% 67.1% 64.2% 69.1% 67.0% 69.5% 70.0% 66.6% 66.57%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number 3.20 1.18 0.52 0.20 0.21 0.23 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.18 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.18 0.20 0.21 0.210
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield -0.3% -0.3% -0.5% -0.7% -10.5% -9.4% -7.9% -7.3% -1.4% -0.2% -0.2% -0.5% -0.5% -0.7% -0.7% -0.6% -0.6% -8.4% -11.3% -8.8% -8.79%
Total Shareholder Return 12.3% 12.1% 13.9% 16.1% 6.1% 8.7% 7.7% 7.5% 14.5% 15.4% 14.8% 14.2% 12.6% 14.2% 14.5% 15.1% 14.1% 7.2% 4.9% 7.5% 7.52%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.87 0.93 0.94 0.88 0.88 0.84 0.85 0.89 0.92 0.92 0.89 0.87 0.86 0.84 0.84 0.83 0.83 0.87 0.87 0.89 0.887
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.65 0.58 0.57 0.65 0.67 0.68 0.65 0.61 0.58 0.64 0.65 0.67 0.67 0.66 0.66 0.63 0.64 0.60 0.60 0.64 0.644
EBIT Margin 0.24 0.19 0.18 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.27 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.270
Asset Turnover 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.194
Equity Multiplier 4.36 4.44 4.43 4.47 4.33 4.48 4.46 4.49 4.33 4.43 4.40 4.42 4.36 4.40 4.38 4.38 4.35 4.35 4.30 4.22 4.225
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $2.82 $2.27 $2.16 $2.84 $3.14 $3.24 $3.06 $2.81 $2.76 $3.62 $3.86 $4.18 $4.28 $3.96 $4.17 $3.88 $4.02 $3.91 $3.87 $4.08 $4.08
Book Value/Share $27.13 $26.52 $26.74 $27.03 $28.93 $27.90 $27.80 $27.93 $28.55 $28.62 $29.02 $29.40 $30.19 $29.85 $30.62 $30.78 $31.53 $32.48 $32.91 $34.68 $37.24
Tangible Book/Share $21.76 $21.13 $21.40 $21.71 $23.70 $22.79 $22.74 $22.88 $23.51 $23.59 $24.00 $24.41 $25.20 $24.91 $25.66 $25.83 $26.61 $27.55 $28.07 $29.91 $29.91
Revenue/Share $21.03 $21.76 $22.31 $24.12 $25.73 $26.86 $26.51 $25.18 $23.89 $22.99 $23.11 $23.68 $23.96 $24.02 $25.21 $25.67 $26.05 $26.65 $26.75 $26.45 $26.54
FCF/Share $-0.69 $-1.01 $-0.43 $-0.21 $-1.30 $-1.49 $-2.55 $-2.72 $-1.78 $-1.40 $-1.03 $-0.65 $0.37 $0.50 $-0.04 $-0.97 $-1.80 $-2.80 $-3.23 $2.26 $2.26
OCF/Share $6.14 $5.81 $6.10 $6.38 $5.61 $5.78 $5.06 $5.12 $6.39 $6.88 $7.29 $7.84 $8.55 $8.80 $8.80 $8.34 $8.45 $8.84 $8.67 $8.98 $9.01
Cash/Share $1.95 $1.69 $1.55 $1.61 $1.85 $1.76 $0.96 $1.93 $1.53 $0.68 $0.65 $1.04 $0.92 $0.96 $2.11 $1.14 $3.01 $1.48 $0.87 $2.62 $2.62
EBITDA/Share $8.64 $7.90 $7.75 $8.75 $9.15 $9.46 $9.48 $9.34 $9.43 $10.72 $11.17 $11.81 $12.12 $11.90 $12.39 $12.38 $12.63 $12.80 $12.80 $12.57 $12.57
Debt/Share $51.10 $52.23 $52.31 $52.67 $52.07 $54.25 $55.15 $56.83 $56.69 $57.80 $59.31 $59.36 $59.00 $59.57 $63.46 $64.09 $66.44 $59.35 $67.38 $67.56 $67.56
Net Debt/Share $49.16 $50.54 $50.76 $51.06 $50.22 $52.49 $54.19 $54.89 $55.17 $57.12 $58.67 $58.32 $58.08 $58.61 $61.35 $62.95 $63.43 $57.87 $66.51 $64.95 $64.95
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.558
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 0.685
Piotroski F-Score 5 6 5 5 6 5 6 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 5 4 5 6 4 8 8
Beneish M-Score -2.57 -2.53 -2.49 -2.25 -2.25 -2.22 -2.45 -2.50 -2.48 -2.71 -2.54 -2.56 -2.54 -2.58 -2.54 -2.57 -2.73 -2.00 -2.69 -2.73 -2.726
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -7.492
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 6.96%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-94.05
EVA snapshot only $-5019617835.37
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only B
Credit Score 29.05 28.05 28.05 28.05 32.80 30.25 25.90 25.95 28.05 26.20 27.55 31.30 34.70 27.40 27.55 26.20 26.20 27.50 25.00 28.60 28.600
Credit Grade snapshot only 15
Credit Trend snapshot only 2.400
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 750.000

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