— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: SPLP-PA (NYSE) · $vol 1M · SPLPP (OTC) · $vol 0M

SPLP OTC

Steel Partners Holdings L.P.
1W: -11.1% 1M: +0.1% 3M: -1.0% 1Y: +1.8% 3Y: +1.1% 5Y: +527.9%
$50.05
Last traded 2025-12-31 — delisted
OTC · Industrials · Conglomerates · $955.2M mcap · 3M float · 0.199% daily turnover · Short 47% of daily vol

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 42 Grade A
Profitability
58
Balance Sheet
72
Earnings Quality
50
Growth
51
Value
89
Momentum
58
Safety
30
Cash Flow
37
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. SPLP scores highest in Value (89/100) and lowest in Safety (30/100). An overall grade of A places SPLP among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
1.29
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
8/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
1.19
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.83
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A-
Score: 68.2/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
50/100
OCF/NI: 0.58x
Accruals: 2.8%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. SPLP scores 1.29, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. SPLP scores 8/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. SPLP's score of 1.19 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. SPLP's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. SPLP receives an estimated rating of A- (score: 68.2/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). SPLP's score of 50/100 is moderate — some divergence between reported earnings and underlying cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
5.38x
PEG
0.29x
P/S
0.60x
P/B
0.72x
P/FCF
8.13x
P/OCF
6.25x
EV/EBITDA
1.33x
EV/Revenue
0.27x
EV/EBIT
1.55x
EV/FCF
5.07x
Earnings Yield
27.72%
FCF Yield
12.31%
Shareholder Yield
3.19%
Graham Number
$127.32
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 5.4x earnings, SPLP trades at a deep value multiple. An earnings yield of 27.7% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $127.32 per share, suggesting a potential 154% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.856
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.802
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.175
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.558
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
3.168
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
21.3%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. SPLP's ROE of 21.3% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 3.17x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$450.99
Price/Value
0.09x
Margin of Safety
90.63%
Premium
-90.63%
Assessment
Undervalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with SPLP's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. SPLP actually compounded EPS at 24.2% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. At an intrinsic value of $450.99, SPLP appears undervalued with a 91% margin of safety. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 5.4x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$43.01
Median 1Y
$44.89
5th Pctile
$20.76
95th Pctile
$97.37
Ann. Volatility
42.4%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
ROE 13.8% 36.1% 41.8% 37.3% 21.9% 38.1% 23.2% 24.6% 28.8% -3.4% 23.6% 21.7% 17.1% 33.6% 21.9% 23.1% 25.0% 24.1% 18.7% 21.3% 21.29%
ROA 2.2% 5.5% 5.5% 6.0% 4.0% 2.5% 4.5% 5.8% 7.1% 7.4% 5.8% 5.2% 4.2% 4.5% 5.8% 6.0% 6.9% 7.2% 5.9% 6.7% 6.72%
ROIC 3.2% 3.1% 4.6% 9.1% 11.0% 72.8% 17.0% 21.2% 12.1% -2.7% 18.8% 22.9% 21.7% 23.0% 29.7% 34.6% 40.9% 37.4% 24.2% 28.4% 28.41%
ROCE 4.7% 5.3% 7.9% 11.8% 11.4% 11.0% 15.9% 17.3% 19.3% 20.6% 14.9% 14.7% 11.2% 11.2% 11.5% 12.9% 15.5% 17.4% 19.2% 20.7% 20.73%
Gross Margin 34.4% 33.6% 34.5% 35.1% 32.4% 33.6% 34.6% 34.6% 34.8% 41.3% 42.2% 42.5% 36.7% 37.2% 38.7% 43.2% 43.9% 43.8% 40.9% 44.5% 44.45%
Operating Margin 13.2% 11.3% 15.6% 14.5% 14.5% 12.2% 10.5% 11.4% 4.7% 13.8% 9.6% 6.1% 8.2% 13.9% 16.5% 10.8% 17.3% 13.8% 14.3% 16.9% 16.91%
Net Margin 28.9% 16.8% 7.0% 5.7% 6.7% 2.3% 20.9% 8.5% 17.3% 5.6% 11.8% 5.2% 8.9% 7.2% 21.9% 7.0% 15.0% 5.8% 14.0% 13.1% 13.10%
EBITDA Margin 19.0% 20.8% 21.4% 18.1% 21.3% 15.7% 34.0% 14.4% 24.6% 17.1% 14.4% 8.0% 12.3% 12.9% 15.4% 17.8% 19.4% 14.9% 22.3% 24.5% 24.52%
FCF Margin 22.9% 11.4% 4.0% 4.3% 1.7% 0.1% -5.7% -6.0% -15.2% -17.0% -12.1% -10.4% -1.6% 11.2% 15.1% 15.4% 14.7% 14.9% 12.6% 5.3% 5.34%
OCF Margin 24.7% 13.0% 5.9% 6.2% 5.1% 3.5% -2.3% -2.3% -12.4% -14.1% -9.1% -7.5% 1.1% 13.8% 17.4% 18.9% 17.9% 17.9% 15.5% 7.0% 6.95%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 20.15%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 23.17%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 5.81%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 19.84%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 19.91%
Cash ROA snapshot only 3.77%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 14.83%
CROIC snapshot only 11.40%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 13.32%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 14.06%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 27.37%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.06%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
P/E Ratio 4.60 2.60 4.03 3.92 8.21 10.74 7.45 6.79 5.49 4.95 6.26 5.84 6.72 6.14 4.22 4.30 3.71 3.63 4.23 3.61 5.376
P/S Ratio 0.25 0.38 0.63 0.55 0.71 0.58 0.68 0.66 0.68 0.65 0.67 0.57 0.53 0.51 0.47 0.49 0.48 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.600
P/B Ratio 0.60 0.81 1.45 1.30 1.63 -7.11 1.57 1.51 1.44 — 1.32 1.14 1.06 1.03 0.86 0.94 0.86 0.80 0.73 0.69 0.719
P/FCF 1.07 3.30 15.69 12.83 42.39 456.60 -11.95 -11.01 -4.49 -3.79 -5.59 -5.50 -33.54 4.55 3.10 3.20 3.25 3.04 3.53 8.13 8.126
P/OCF 0.99 2.88 10.63 8.89 13.87 16.44 — — — — — — 47.78 3.69 2.68 2.60 2.67 2.54 2.86 6.25 6.248
EV/EBITDA 15.09 14.12 10.49 5.66 4.98 4.04 3.34 2.84 3.55 2.74 3.60 2.65 3.60 3.69 3.32 2.62 2.23 2.20 1.82 1.33 1.328
EV/Revenue 2.01 2.40 2.13 1.12 1.02 0.77 0.75 0.61 0.79 0.62 0.63 0.41 0.46 0.44 0.41 0.39 0.37 0.37 0.34 0.27 0.271
EV/EBIT 16.31 15.16 11.13 6.58 6.94 6.30 4.71 3.71 4.39 3.09 4.23 2.82 4.09 4.26 3.73 3.28 2.71 2.66 2.16 1.55 1.546
EV/FCF 8.75 21.05 53.17 26.19 60.88 606.49 -13.23 -10.15 -5.22 -3.63 -5.21 -3.98 -29.17 3.93 2.69 2.50 2.48 2.49 2.71 5.07 5.072
Earnings Yield 21.7% 38.4% 24.8% 25.5% 12.2% 9.3% 13.4% 14.7% 18.2% 20.2% 16.0% 17.1% 14.9% 16.3% 23.7% 23.2% 26.9% 27.5% 23.6% 27.7% 27.72%
FCF Yield 93.5% 30.3% 6.4% 7.8% 2.4% 0.2% -8.4% -9.1% -22.3% -26.4% -17.9% -18.2% -3.0% 22.0% 32.3% 31.3% 30.7% 32.9% 28.3% 12.3% 12.31%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.287
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 0.833
EV/OCF snapshot only 3.900
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 0.627
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 1.743
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 3.19%
Graham Number snapshot only $127.32
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Current Ratio 1.55 1.56 1.97 1.88 1.80 1.75 1.26 1.18 1.09 1.11 1.17 1.20 1.27 1.24 1.26 1.27 1.34 1.22 1.25 1.34 1.343
Quick Ratio 1.29 1.30 1.67 1.58 1.54 1.49 1.08 1.04 0.96 1.00 1.05 1.09 1.17 1.13 1.15 1.16 1.24 1.11 1.14 1.24 1.245
Debt/Equity 4.58 4.70 3.85 1.57 1.20 -3.86 0.45 0.37 0.53 — 0.30 0.29 0.46 0.33 0.29 0.17 0.15 0.15 0.11 0.09 0.090
Net Debt/Equity 4.32 4.36 3.47 1.35 0.71 — 0.17 -0.12 0.23 — -0.09 -0.31 -0.14 -0.14 -0.11 -0.21 -0.20 -0.15 -0.17 -0.26 -0.258
Debt/Assets 0.62 0.63 0.59 0.36 0.30 0.20 0.11 0.09 0.13 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.031
Debt/EBITDA 14.03 12.83 8.20 3.36 2.56 1.65 0.86 0.75 1.12 0.66 0.87 0.92 1.82 1.36 1.29 0.59 0.52 0.49 0.34 0.28 0.279
Net Debt/EBITDA 13.25 11.90 7.39 2.89 1.51 1.00 0.32 -0.24 0.50 -0.12 -0.26 -1.01 -0.54 -0.58 -0.50 -0.73 -0.69 -0.49 -0.55 -0.80 -0.799
Interest Coverage 4.74 6.05 8.41 9.12 8.74 8.87 11.44 12.02 13.74 9.25 4.83 3.57 11.72 8.31 8.68 10.31 2.82 3.13 4.68 5.48 5.479
Equity Multiplier 7.36 7.40 6.53 4.35 4.03 -19.55 3.95 4.10 4.04 — 4.11 4.23 4.16 3.82 3.44 3.48 3.16 3.00 2.92 2.92 2.919
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.220
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 6.381
Cash to Debt snapshot only 3.861
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.937
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1075.0 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Asset Turnover 0.42 0.38 0.35 0.43 0.46 0.46 0.50 0.60 0.57 0.57 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.57 0.56 0.56 0.558
Inventory Turnover 5.65 5.55 5.97 5.88 6.28 6.13 5.96 5.93 5.58 5.28 5.06 5.21 5.42 5.48 5.60 5.71 6.03 5.78 5.78 5.71 5.709
Receivables Turnover 2.91 3.94 4.16 2.96 3.26 3.09 2.99 2.71 2.69 2.44 4.03 3.99 2.29 3.69 7.81 8.40 3.48 8.82 8.43 8.73 8.730
Payables Turnover 9.12 7.05 7.55 7.51 9.00 7.35 8.10 8.49 9.55 8.04 7.94 8.38 9.35 8.87 8.36 8.48 9.10 7.98 7.72 7.74 7.740
DSO 125 93 88 123 112 118 122 134 136 149 91 91 159 99 47 43 105 41 43 42 41.8 days
DIO 65 66 61 62 58 59 61 62 65 69 72 70 67 67 65 64 61 63 63 64 63.9 days
DPO 40 52 48 49 41 50 45 43 38 45 46 44 39 41 44 43 40 46 47 47 47.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 150 107 101 137 130 128 138 153 163 173 117 118 187 124 68 64 125 59 59 59 58.6 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 6.077
Operating Cycle snapshot only 105.7 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 4.541
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.844
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Revenue -16.0% -16.0% -2.4% 7.0% 16.2% 26.4% 22.0% 19.1% 11.2% 7.4% 7.4% 9.2% 12.3% 11.5% 9.5% 7.1% 6.3% 6.0% 5.2% 4.9% 4.90%
Net Income 16.7% 3.5% 3.2% 4.5% 87.8% -52.5% -28.7% -17.0% 60.3% 1.6% 26.8% 9.7% -28.4% -29.2% 12.5% 25.0% 73.4% 60.0% -0.3% 10.3% 10.26%
EPS 13.8% 2.8% 2.9% 4.7% 1.2% -26.8% -22.1% -15.7% 52.3% 1.3% 34.7% 19.1% -23.7% -27.1% 16.3% 30.7% 92.7% 74.9% 5.9% 23.1% 23.10%
FCF 3.4% -26.1% -81.0% -81.0% -91.5% -98.6% -2.7% -2.7% -11.1% -144.5% -1.3% -88.9% 88.3% 1.7% 2.4% 2.6% 10.9% 41.5% -12.2% -63.6% -63.63%
EBITDA 16.4% 62.1% 1.6% 1.7% 78.4% 42.6% 35.3% 29.4% 21.8% 26.5% -16.7% -20.5% -35.4% -41.2% -23.4% 0.6% 36.0% 50.2% 60.8% 45.4% 45.40%
Op. Income 44.2% 42.6% 1.2% 1.0% 80.3% 70.6% 15.1% 5.1% -23.7% -23.2% -17.3% -23.1% 8.4% 3.9% 25.1% 56.2% 66.6% 63.6% 30.0% 30.7% 30.74%
OCF Growth snapshot only -61.53%
Asset Growth snapshot only 6.12%
Equity Growth snapshot only 26.70%
Debt Growth snapshot only -31.56%
Shares Change snapshot only -10.43%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -21.44%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Revenue 3Y -1.5% -3.3% -2.8% -2.4% -1.3% 0.2% 1.8% 2.6% 2.8% 4.4% 8.5% 11.6% 13.2% 14.8% 12.8% 11.7% 9.9% 8.2% 7.4% 7.0% 7.04%
Revenue 5Y 5.6% 4.4% 5.2% 5.4% 5.6% 5.4% 4.9% 4.7% 4.3% 4.2% 3.8% 3.8% 3.7% 3.8% 4.4% 4.8% 5.3% 6.1% 8.1% 9.3% 9.35%
EPS 3Y — — — — — — 9.8% 2.6% 2.7% — — — 36.6% 6.9% 6.9% 9.5% 30.9% 42.9% 18.4% 24.2% 24.22%
EPS 5Y -14.6% 18.5% 26.6% 18.3% 82.4% 1.8% 1.3% — — — — — — — 3.6% 1.3% 1.4% — — — —
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — 8.6% 2.7% 2.8% — — — 29.2% -4.6% 0.6% 4.4% 25.8% 43.0% 12.5% 14.8% 14.76%
Net Income 5Y -12.5% 25.1% 29.4% 19.6% 81.7% 1.7% 1.3% — — — — — — — 3.2% 1.3% 1.3% — — — —
EBITDA 3Y 8.3% 14.1% 20.7% 20.9% 21.7% 19.4% 30.5% 23.5% 36.3% 43.0% 42.8% 41.3% 12.0% 2.0% -4.8% 1.2% 2.3% 3.8% 0.9% 5.2% 5.18%
EBITDA 5Y 8.4% 9.4% 16.1% 16.1% 19.1% 20.0% 21.4% 20.4% 22.5% 21.8% 14.7% 12.7% 7.2% 4.9% 7.3% 8.5% 17.3% 20.9% 29.1% 32.8% 32.77%
Gross Profit 3Y 3.3% 1.2% 2.1% 3.0% 3.6% 4.6% 5.9% 5.8% 5.7% 8.0% 14.0% 18.5% 19.9% 21.1% 17.6% 16.4% 16.9% 16.6% 16.1% 16.2% 16.20%
Gross Profit 5Y 6.6% 6.2% 8.0% 8.1% 8.4% 8.5% 7.7% 7.4% 7.4% 8.6% 9.4% 10.7% 10.8% 10.0% 9.9% 9.8% 10.9% 11.6% 13.7% 14.9% 14.89%
Op. Income 3Y 19.4% 20.1% 29.3% 32.6% 32.5% 36.4% 48.4% 38.6% 25.6% 23.2% 27.6% 17.8% 14.2% 10.8% 6.0% 8.1% 11.3% 9.3% 10.4% 16.2% 16.23%
Op. Income 5Y 4.1% 7.1% 12.2% 12.1% 26.8% 33.0% 26.3% 24.0% 18.5% 17.8% 15.5% 13.5% 14.0% 15.1% 27.6% 26.2% 29.1% 26.0% 27.6% 27.2% 27.24%
FCF 3Y — — — -3.5% 65.0% -68.8% — — — — — — — 14.1% 75.4% 71.1% 1.3% 4.3% — — —
FCF 5Y — — -10.6% -5.4% -30.8% -59.4% — — — — — — — 26.1% 37.5% 62.6% 34.1% 9.2% -2.1% -19.1% -19.09%
OCF 3Y — 1.2% 21.5% -9.3% 13.8% -19.6% — — — — — — -59.7% 17.0% 61.7% 62.2% 67.2% 85.7% — — —
OCF 5Y — — -7.7% -3.5% -16.8% -23.8% — — — — — — -16.6% 19.4% 27.0% 40.3% 26.6% 8.8% -0.2% -16.2% -16.21%
Assets 3Y 22.0% 25.5% 18.2% 4.4% 4.3% 3.2% 5.1% 9.4% 11.5% 15.5% -1.5% -0.4% 0.5% -6.0% -1.7% 11.3% 10.2% 10.7% 8.5% 7.9% 7.92%
Assets 5Y 18.5% 20.8% 15.5% 6.4% 6.3% 5.5% 7.4% 7.9% 8.4% 9.9% 10.0% 11.3% 11.1% 9.1% 8.4% 9.1% 8.9% 8.7% -1.6% -0.7% -0.72%
Equity 3Y -1.9% 2.0% 2.2% 4.2% — — 11.4% 13.0% 18.9% — 28.7% 25.8% 21.5% 17.2% 21.7% 19.9% 19.5% — 20.0% 20.9% 20.90%
Book Value 3Y -6.1% -7.3% -1.9% 2.1% — — 26.0% 9.9% 15.9% — 27.9% 33.5% 28.4% 31.3% 29.4% 25.8% 24.3% — 26.4% 30.9% 30.86%
Dividend 3Y — -64.4% -52.6% -44.6% -38.5% 90.6% 42.5% 7.0% -2.5% -0.7% -0.7% 6.1% 5.7% 12.0% 6.1% 12.6% 11.6% 6.9% 12.0% -3.7% -3.73%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Revenue Stability 0.42 0.29 0.31 0.26 0.26 0.21 0.31 0.32 0.38 0.38 0.44 0.41 0.39 0.39 0.55 0.67 0.79 0.93 1.00 0.99 0.986
Earnings Stability 0.11 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.60 0.30 0.37 0.51 0.86 0.59 0.54 0.65 0.85 0.56 0.60 0.67 0.85 0.59 0.49 0.62 0.618
Margin Stability 0.93 0.94 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.91 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.90 0.89 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.890
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.89 0.96 0.89 0.88 0.95 0.90 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.96 0.959
Earnings Smoothness 0.00 — — — 0.39 0.29 0.67 0.81 0.54 0.12 0.76 0.91 0.67 0.66 0.88 0.78 0.46 0.54 1.00 0.90 0.902
ROE Trend — 0.40 0.47 0.39 0.13 — 0.14 0.12 0.10 — -0.07 -0.08 -0.07 — -0.01 0.01 0.02 — -0.03 -0.02 -0.017
Gross Margin Trend 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.035
FCF Margin Trend 0.21 0.03 -0.08 -0.09 -0.12 -0.12 -0.18 -0.20 -0.28 -0.23 -0.11 -0.10 0.05 0.20 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.18 0.11 0.03 0.029
Sustainable Growth Rate 5.9% 35.7% 40.9% 36.0% 20.3% 33.9% 21.7% 23.2% 27.4% — 22.4% 20.6% 16.0% 31.6% 20.9% 21.9% 23.9% 23.0% 17.7% 20.6% 20.58%
Internal Growth Rate 1.0% 5.8% 5.6% 6.2% 3.8% 2.3% 4.4% 5.8% 7.3% 7.6% 5.9% 5.2% 4.1% 4.4% 5.9% 6.0% 7.1% 7.3% 5.9% 6.9% 6.95%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
OCF/Net Income 4.63 0.90 0.38 0.44 0.59 0.65 -0.25 -0.24 -1.00 -1.08 -0.85 -0.77 0.14 1.67 1.57 1.65 1.39 1.43 1.48 0.58 0.577
FCF/OCF 0.93 0.87 0.68 0.69 0.33 0.04 2.49 2.58 1.23 1.21 1.32 1.39 -1.42 0.81 0.86 0.81 0.82 0.83 0.81 0.77 0.769
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.444
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.340
CapEx/Revenue 1.8% 1.7% 1.9% 1.9% 3.4% 3.4% 3.4% 3.7% 2.8% 2.9% 2.9% 2.9% 2.7% 2.6% 2.4% 3.5% 3.2% 3.0% 3.0% 1.6% 1.61%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.556
Accruals Ratio -0.08 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.07 0.14 0.15 0.11 0.09 0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 0.03 0.028
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.042
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 3.462
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.500
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Dividend Yield 12.4% 0.5% 0.6% 0.9% 0.9% 1.0% 0.8% 0.9% 0.8% 0.9% 0.8% 0.9% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.2% 1.2% 1.3% 1.3% 0.9% 0.00%
Dividend/Share $1.34 $0.07 $0.16 $0.26 $0.38 $0.43 $0.36 $0.35 $0.36 $0.38 $0.38 $0.38 $0.38 $0.39 $0.39 $0.50 $0.52 $0.52 $0.50 $0.39 $0.00
Payout Ratio 57.2% 1.3% 2.3% 3.6% 7.3% 11.0% 6.3% 5.8% 4.6% 4.3% 5.0% 5.3% 6.4% 6.0% 4.4% 5.2% 4.5% 4.6% 5.3% 3.3% 3.34%
FCF Payout Ratio 13.3% 1.7% 8.8% 11.8% 37.9% 4.7% — — — — — — — 4.4% 3.2% 3.9% 4.0% 3.8% 4.4% 7.5% 7.51%
Total Payout Ratio 86.4% 10.6% 26.3% 34.1% 43.4% 74.3% 37.7% 34.6% 25.9% 21.0% 19.7% 18.1% 19.7% 42.3% 26.6% 52.2% 47.1% 36.8% 44.1% 11.5% 11.53%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — -0.93 -0.87 -0.81 -0.75 3.01 1.01 0.34 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.22 -0.29 -0.287
Buyback Yield 6.4% 3.6% 6.0% 7.8% 4.4% 5.9% 4.2% 4.3% 3.9% 3.4% 2.3% 2.2% 2.0% 5.9% 5.3% 10.9% 11.5% 8.9% 9.2% 2.3% 2.27%
Net Buyback Yield 6.4% 3.6% 6.0% 7.8% 4.4% 5.9% 4.2% 4.3% 3.9% 3.4% 2.3% 2.2% 2.0% 5.9% 5.3% 10.9% 11.5% 8.9% 9.2% 2.3% 2.27%
Total Shareholder Return 18.8% 4.1% 6.5% 8.7% 5.3% 6.9% 5.1% 5.1% 4.7% 4.2% 3.1% 3.1% 2.9% 6.9% 6.3% 12.1% 12.7% 10.1% 10.4% 3.2% 3.19%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.54 1.05 0.88 0.89 0.65 0.50 0.62 0.64 0.76 0.75 0.88 0.89 0.92 0.96 1.18 1.10 1.20 1.21 0.87 0.86 0.856
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.80 0.87 0.92 0.92 0.90 0.89 0.92 0.92 0.90 0.87 0.83 0.75 0.76 0.83 0.86 0.88 0.80 0.74 0.77 0.80 0.802
EBIT Margin 0.12 0.16 0.19 0.17 0.15 0.12 0.16 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.175
Asset Turnover 0.42 0.38 0.35 0.43 0.46 0.46 0.50 0.60 0.57 0.57 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.57 0.56 0.56 0.558
Equity Multiplier 6.20 6.55 7.65 6.17 5.52 15.14 5.11 4.22 4.04 -46.41 4.04 4.17 4.11 7.54 3.75 3.84 3.62 3.37 3.16 3.17 3.168
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $2.34 $5.29 $7.23 $7.25 $5.12 $3.87 $5.63 $6.11 $7.79 $8.86 $7.59 $7.28 $5.95 $6.46 $8.83 $9.52 $11.47 $11.29 $9.35 $11.71 $11.71
Book Value/Share $17.86 $16.97 $20.05 $21.86 $25.83 $-5.84 $26.70 $27.44 $29.66 $0.00 $35.97 $37.28 $37.82 $38.44 $43.39 $43.48 $49.65 $51.57 $53.88 $61.50 $69.62
Tangible Book/Share $8.19 $8.91 $10.68 $12.02 $15.40 $-15.84 $18.45 $19.23 $21.50 $-8.51 $25.31 $26.63 $27.44 $28.01 $33.06 $33.16 $39.00 $41.03 $43.72 $50.71 $50.71
Revenue/Share $43.82 $36.61 $46.33 $51.74 $59.38 $71.38 $61.75 $62.57 $62.75 $67.93 $70.48 $74.21 $75.13 $77.96 $79.82 $83.10 $88.79 $90.30 $89.13 $97.32 $83.92
FCF/Share $10.05 $4.17 $1.86 $2.22 $0.99 $0.09 $-3.51 $-3.77 $-9.54 $-11.58 $-8.50 $-7.74 $-1.19 $8.71 $12.02 $12.81 $13.08 $13.47 $11.20 $5.20 $6.63
OCF/Share $10.82 $4.77 $2.74 $3.20 $3.03 $2.53 $-1.41 $-1.46 $-7.78 $-9.60 $-6.44 $-5.58 $0.84 $10.76 $13.90 $15.75 $15.93 $16.14 $13.84 $6.76 $7.91
Cash/Share $4.54 $5.74 $7.59 $4.80 $12.67 $8.90 $7.45 $13.27 $8.68 $11.94 $13.87 $22.41 $22.80 $18.00 $17.42 $16.18 $17.73 $15.06 $14.93 $21.43 $24.26
EBITDA/Share $5.82 $6.21 $9.41 $10.25 $12.12 $13.66 $13.91 $13.46 $14.03 $15.33 $12.32 $11.63 $9.66 $9.28 $9.76 $12.24 $14.59 $15.24 $16.65 $19.87 $19.87
Debt/Share $81.69 $79.67 $77.18 $34.41 $30.98 $22.54 $11.95 $10.04 $15.65 $10.09 $10.71 $10.67 $17.58 $12.62 $12.55 $7.27 $7.64 $7.54 $5.69 $5.55 $5.55
Net Debt/Share $77.15 $73.94 $69.59 $29.61 $18.31 $13.64 $4.50 $-3.23 $6.97 $-1.85 $-3.16 $-11.74 $-5.22 $-5.38 $-4.87 $-8.92 $-10.09 $-7.52 $-9.24 $-15.88 $-15.88
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.294
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 2.233
Piotroski F-Score 6 4 6 8 7 6 5 4 5 4 5 5 7 6 7 9 9 8 8 8 8
Beneish M-Score -2.54 -2.03 -2.19 -2.28 -2.36 -2.54 -2.22 -2.03 -1.64 -1.64 -1.77 -1.97 -2.18 -1.78 -2.00 -3.38 -2.67 -3.03 -2.60 1.19 1.194
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.834
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 34.56%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $12.57
EVA snapshot only $180440522.44
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'20 Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A-
Credit Score 34.15 35.87 38.06 51.63 54.01 48.17 58.25 56.64 47.63 43.75 42.89 42.90 53.11 62.73 63.27 68.26 59.52 63.51 63.21 68.19 68.194
Credit Grade snapshot only 7
Credit Trend snapshot only -0.070
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 175.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 71
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 55

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