— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: 0MKP.L (LSE) · $vol 1M · STBBF (OTC) · $vol 0M

STR.VI VIE

Strabag SE
1W: -1.9% 1M: +9.4% 3M: +14.8% YTD: +13.6% 1Y: +26.4% 3Y: +260.0% 5Y: +298.3%
€103.40 ($116.40)
+0.80 (+0.78%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.6%
€96 €100 €103 €107 €111
VIE · Industrials · Engineering & Construction · Tech Score Neutral · Power 58 · €11.9B mcap · 17M float · 0.278% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
4
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. STR.VI receives an overall rating of A+. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5), P/E (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-07-08 C+ A+
2026-05-04 C C+
2026-04-30 A+ C
2026-04-30 A A+
2026-04-07 None ADDED
2026-04-07 EXISTED None
2026-03-18 A+ A
2026-01-20 A A+

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 9 Grade D
Profitability
22
Balance Sheet
83
Earnings Quality
35
Growth
19
Value
41
Momentum
0
Safety
50
Cash Flow
8
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. STR.VI scores highest in Balance Sheet (83/100) and lowest in Momentum (0/100). A grade of D flags significant fundamental concerns across multiple dimensions.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
1.93
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
2/9
✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.06
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.58
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB
Score: 59.1/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
25/100
OCF/NI: -1.28x
Accruals: 3.1%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. STR.VI scores 1.93, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. STR.VI scores 2/9, suggesting weak financial fundamentals — the company fails the majority of these accounting tests. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. STR.VI's score of -2.06 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. STR.VI's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. STR.VI receives an estimated rating of BBB (score: 59.1/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). STR.VI's score of 25/100 is low — reported earnings may not be fully supported by cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
12.67x
PEG
0.91x
P/S
0.60x
P/B
2.18x
P/FCF
-10.84x
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
18.69x
EV/Revenue
0.46x
EV/EBIT
-41.57x
EV/FCF
-8.21x
Earnings Yield
2.08%
FCF Yield
-9.23%
Shareholder Yield
5.00%
Graham Number
$44.43
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 12.7x earnings, STR.VI trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $44.43 per share, 133% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.614
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
-1.861
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
-0.011
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.075
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
3.048
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
4.1%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. STR.VI's ROE of 4.1% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 3.05x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
$15.75
Price/Value
5.66x
Margin of Safety
-465.62%
Premium
465.62%
Assessment
Overvalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with STR.VI's realized 0.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. STR.VI trades at a 466% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $15.75, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 8.5x compares to the current market P/E of 12.7x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$103.40
Median 1Y
$127.21
5th Pctile
$74.47
95th Pctile
$217.59
Ann. Volatility
32.8%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 17.6% 20.0% 19.1% 21.6% 22.8% 21.5% 19.2% 12.2% 12.4% 12.4% 13.5% 15.0% 15.2% 15.4% 15.7% 17.6% 18.3% 18.3% 10.0% 4.1% 4.10%
ROA 5.4% 6.1% 6.4% 7.2% 7.1% 6.7% 6.2% 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% 4.3% 4.8% 4.8% 4.9% 5.2% 5.7% 5.8% 5.8% 3.3% 1.3% 1.34%
ROIC 16.8% 21.6% 27.3% 33.1% 21.8% 21.8% 26.5% 16.9% 12.3% 11.7% 19.0% 36.6% 32.8% 41.9% 68.6% 96.8% 53.3% 70.9% 43.2% 29.9% 29.95%
ROCE 7.9% 7.8% 9.1% 11.0% 10.6% 9.9% 8.8% 8.0% 7.4% 7.2% 7.7% 8.6% 8.9% 9.1% 9.2% 9.9% 10.3% 10.0% 3.3% -2.3% -2.33%
Gross Margin 37.8% 5.3% 37.6% 11.8% 34.8% 3.6% 36.0% 36.0% 35.2% 35.2% 38.6% 38.6% 39.2% 39.2% 42.7% 42.7% 39.5% 39.5% 38.3% 38.3% 38.34%
Operating Margin 0.2% 1.7% 7.7% 7.5% -1.0% 0.3% 5.8% 5.8% -1.4% -1.4% 6.8% 14.2% 8.0% 8.0% 16.1% 16.1% 7.9% 7.9% 8.8% 8.8% 8.77%
Net Margin 1.4% 1.4% 5.7% 5.7% 0.6% 0.6% 4.4% 4.4% 1.0% 1.0% 5.6% 5.6% 1.2% 1.2% 7.3% 7.3% 1.2% 1.2% 1.3% 1.3% 1.30%
EBITDA Margin 3.8% 4.2% 10.4% 7.1% 2.1% 3.1% 8.3% 8.3% 1.6% 1.6% 9.1% 9.1% 2.0% 2.0% 11.2% 11.2% 1.6% 1.6% 3.1% 3.1% 3.14%
FCF Margin 5.4% 4.9% 4.9% 5.0% 3.6% 0.8% 0.9% -1.4% 0.6% 5.7% 6.5% 7.2% 5.5% 3.8% 4.0% 4.3% 4.5% 4.7% -0.3% -5.5% -5.55%
OCF Margin 8.4% 7.9% 7.9% 8.0% 6.7% 4.2% 4.4% 2.5% 4.3% 9.1% 9.7% 10.3% 8.7% 7.0% 7.5% 8.0% 8.2% 8.5% 3.6% -1.6% -1.60%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 11.60%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 13.76%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 3.78%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 24.58%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 14.68%
Cash ROA snapshot only -1.63%
Cash ROIC snapshot only -9.20%
CROIC snapshot only -31.96%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 5.20%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 2.04%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 30.52%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 2.69 3.37 3.44 2.82 2.87 3.40 3.55 5.65 5.40 5.39 4.79 4.78 6.08 6.31 5.70 5.36 8.95 11.27 19.00 48.08 12.672
P/S Ratio 0.08 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.42 0.52 0.56 0.60 0.599
P/B Ratio 0.49 0.70 0.66 0.61 0.61 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.66 0.65 0.62 0.69 0.92 0.97 0.84 0.89 1.54 1.94 1.81 1.88 2.184
P/FCF 1.43 2.25 2.41 2.16 2.95 13.46 12.11 -9.95 21.75 2.75 2.40 2.36 4.00 6.14 5.95 5.94 9.34 11.10 -179.48 -10.84 -10.838
P/OCF 0.91 1.38 1.49 1.36 1.57 2.70 2.54 5.46 3.05 1.71 1.60 1.66 2.56 3.33 3.21 3.18 5.08 6.14 15.88 — —
EV/EBITDA 0.81 1.18 0.66 0.42 1.14 1.20 0.76 0.86 1.33 1.26 0.18 0.37 2.29 2.45 1.20 0.86 4.47 5.45 8.87 18.69 18.691
EV/Revenue 0.04 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.07 0.07 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.01 0.02 0.14 0.15 0.08 0.06 0.32 0.38 0.42 0.46 0.455
EV/EBIT 2.22 3.29 1.59 0.90 2.54 2.76 1.84 1.92 3.05 2.56 0.34 0.67 4.12 4.40 2.07 1.44 7.58 9.44 27.67 -41.57 -41.574
EV/FCF 0.84 1.35 0.81 0.54 1.96 8.10 4.42 -3.40 11.48 1.18 0.15 0.30 2.45 3.87 1.98 1.47 7.10 8.11 -134.14 -8.21 -8.207
Earnings Yield 37.2% 29.7% 29.1% 35.4% 34.8% 29.4% 28.2% 17.7% 18.5% 18.5% 20.9% 20.9% 16.4% 15.8% 17.5% 18.6% 11.2% 8.9% 5.3% 2.1% 2.08%
FCF Yield 69.7% 44.5% 41.5% 46.2% 33.9% 7.4% 8.3% -10.0% 4.6% 36.4% 41.7% 42.3% 25.0% 16.3% 16.8% 16.8% 10.7% 9.0% -0.6% -9.2% -9.23%
PEG Ratio snapshot only 0.907
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 2.439
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 1.171
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 5.450
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 5.00%
Graham Number snapshot only $44.43
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.10 1.10 1.20 1.20 1.15 1.15 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.16 1.16 1.13 1.13 1.20 1.20 1.14 1.14 1.16 1.16 1.159
Quick Ratio 0.92 0.92 1.04 1.04 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.96 0.96 0.99 0.99 0.92 0.92 0.99 0.99 0.91 0.91 0.94 0.94 0.936
Debt/Equity 0.33 0.33 0.29 0.29 0.26 0.26 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.21 0.19 0.10 0.20 0.11 0.17 0.17 0.171
Net Debt/Equity -0.20 -0.28 -0.44 -0.46 -0.21 -0.27 -0.44 -0.46 -0.31 -0.37 -0.58 -0.60 -0.36 -0.36 -0.56 -0.67 -0.37 -0.52 -0.46 -0.46 -0.457
Debt/Assets 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.056
Debt/EBITDA 0.94 0.93 0.88 0.81 0.74 0.77 0.72 0.86 0.88 1.04 0.92 0.88 0.86 0.85 0.80 0.38 0.78 0.41 1.12 2.24 2.240
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.58 -0.78 -1.30 -1.26 -0.57 -0.79 -1.32 -1.65 -1.19 -1.68 -2.61 -2.57 -1.45 -1.44 -2.41 -2.62 -1.41 -2.01 -3.00 -5.99 -5.991
Interest Coverage — — — — — — — 21.07 20.28 8.53 9.57 7.57 7.69 13.06 14.99 — — — — — —
Equity Multiplier 3.34 3.34 3.02 3.02 3.07 3.07 3.17 3.17 3.08 3.08 3.12 3.12 3.22 3.22 2.95 3.03 3.10 3.10 3.07 3.07 3.069
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.392
Cash to Debt snapshot only 3.675
FCF to Debt snapshot only -1.017
Defensive Interval snapshot only 521.5 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.88 1.90 1.86 1.88 1.95 2.01 1.97 1.66 1.66 1.39 1.33 1.34 1.32 1.32 1.23 1.21 1.24 1.26 1.11 1.07 1.075
Inventory Turnover 17.53 17.64 18.07 18.33 17.52 18.25 19.83 15.32 13.41 9.58 9.62 9.57 8.15 7.99 7.45 7.30 6.48 6.57 6.00 5.98 5.976
Receivables Turnover 6.88 14.72 8.27 8.53 6.98 16.32 8.27 7.08 6.00 10.84 5.74 5.88 5.06 6.70 5.75 5.79 5.00 6.64 4.96 4.84 4.840
Payables Turnover 6.52 6.56 8.58 8.10 7.11 7.41 9.03 7.06 5.73 4.10 4.61 4.40 3.68 3.60 4.20 3.67 3.33 3.37 3.40 3.22 3.218
DSO 53 25 44 43 52 22 44 52 61 34 64 62 72 54 64 63 73 55 74 75 75.4 days
DIO 21 21 20 20 21 20 18 24 27 38 38 38 45 46 49 50 56 56 61 61 61.1 days
DPO 56 56 43 45 51 49 40 52 64 89 79 83 99 101 87 99 110 108 107 113 113.4 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 18 -10 22 18 22 -7 22 24 24 -17 22 17 18 -1 26 14 20 2 27 23 23.1 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 5.149
Operating Cycle snapshot only 136.5 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 4.987
Capital Intensity snapshot only 0.981
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue -4.1% -0.3% 1.0% 3.7% 4.8% 7.0% 8.5% -10.0% -10.4% -27.2% -28.3% -14.4% -15.9% -0.2% -0.8% -1.4% 0.6% 2.7% 0.4% -1.9% -1.86%
Net Income 15.5% 34.4% 39.3% 48.2% 34.1% 11.1% -0.4% -43.9% -40.4% -37.3% -26.6% 28.0% 25.5% 28.0% 29.4% 30.5% 29.0% 27.5% -29.3% -74.0% -74.00%
EPS -11.3% 34.4% 71.6% 48.2% 34.1% 11.1% -0.4% -43.9% -39.1% -35.9% -24.5% 31.6% 16.1% 18.5% 11.8% 12.8% 21.2% 19.9% -29.2% -74.0% -74.00%
FCF 37.1% -17.1% -14.2% -8.0% -30.3% -81.3% -79.5% -1.2% -84.8% 3.9% 4.0% 5.6% 6.7% -33.0% -37.9% -41.8% -18.6% 25.9% -1.1% -2.3% -2.28%
EBITDA -2.7% -8.6% 5.0% 19.6% 15.6% 10.9% -2.6% -24.8% -23.5% -32.6% -26.3% -7.7% -5.0% 13.2% 18.6% 23.5% 21.0% 18.6% -28.2% -67.1% -67.07%
Op. Income -13.2% -3.7% 20.9% 51.4% 45.9% 19.3% -1.3% -50.0% -49.6% -53.3% -44.8% 68.7% 1.4% 2.6% 3.1% 1.3% 71.5% 35.5% -13.2% -35.1% -35.06%
OCF Growth snapshot only -1.20%
Asset Growth snapshot only 11.36%
Equity Growth snapshot only 9.81%
Debt Growth snapshot only 94.18%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.03%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 1.45%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 17.7% 16.6% 15.1% 14.7% 12.5% 7.4% 8.2% -4.2% -3.4% -8.1% -7.7% -7.2% -7.6% -8.1% -8.3% -8.8% -8.8% -9.3% -10.6% -6.1% -6.10%
Revenue 5Y 11.4% 12.1% 12.4% 13.1% 13.3% 13.5% 13.9% 8.9% 8.9% 4.3% 3.5% 3.0% 1.4% -2.1% -2.1% -5.8% -5.3% -4.5% -4.8% -5.0% -5.02%
EPS 3Y 30.6% 28.8% 26.4% 35.3% 23.2% 29.7% 26.0% -4.0% -10.2% -1.5% 8.9% 3.0% -1.7% -5.5% -5.6% -5.9% -5.0% -3.1% -15.8% -27.2% -27.19%
EPS 5Y 32.6% 31.1% 30.9% 25.9% 25.7% 27.2% 25.7% 12.1% 12.7% 8.7% 8.7% 12.8% 5.7% 10.6% 11.0% 5.6% 0.4% 6.3% 0.4% -20.3% -20.34%
Net Income 3Y 30.7% 28.8% 26.4% 35.3% 21.6% 29.7% 27.7% -4.0% -2.6% -2.2% 0.6% 2.1% 0.1% -3.7% -1.8% -2.2% -1.2% 0.8% -12.4% -24.3% -24.27%
Net Income 5Y 32.6% 31.2% 30.9% 25.9% 25.6% 27.2% 25.7% 12.1% 12.3% 8.3% 8.1% 12.2% 6.1% 11.9% 14.6% 8.1% 8.4% 8.9% -1.4% -18.4% -18.44%
EBITDA 3Y 17.1% 12.3% 11.5% 15.8% 11.4% 13.8% 11.5% -2.3% -4.9% -11.9% -9.0% -6.0% -5.6% -5.4% -5.2% -5.0% -4.2% -3.3% -14.4% -27.9% -27.86%
EBITDA 5Y 5.9% 5.7% 7.4% 9.5% 9.0% 9.9% 9.7% 7.8% 7.2% 1.1% -0.1% 1.5% 0.1% 2.4% 3.9% 1.2% -0.2% -1.7% -8.5% -19.5% -19.51%
Gross Profit 3Y -4.5% -4.9% -5.5% -5.5% -7.5% -1.2% -2.0% 7.0% 7.9% 15.2% 16.4% 18.4% 18.0% 17.7% 18.5% 18.9% 19.3% 20.7% 17.6% 9.6% 9.60%
Gross Profit 5Y -1.9% -1.5% -1.2% -1.0% -1.1% -1.4% -1.0% 1.8% 2.0% 5.2% 5.1% 5.3% 4.2% 9.2% 8.7% 11.7% 12.3% 12.7% 11.6% 11.0% 11.00%
Op. Income 3Y 17.4% 17.4% 16.8% 27.2% 20.5% 30.3% 27.8% -10.4% -13.9% -18.7% -13.0% 8.5% 20.9% 26.0% 30.8% 25.6% 27.6% 31.5% 25.4% 37.0% 36.97%
Op. Income 5Y 11.5% 12.2% 14.9% 17.3% 16.1% 15.4% 14.2% 4.1% 3.5% -2.1% -2.8% 11.7% 16.2% 30.0% 36.5% 23.3% 21.3% 21.2% 18.6% 14.3% 14.25%
FCF 3Y 11.0% 7.7% 13.6% 1.3% 2.3% — 0.6% — -47.4% -8.8% -4.2% 0.8% -6.6% -15.1% -14.0% -13.5% -1.7% 60.3% — — —
FCF 5Y 18.5% 17.8% 26.8% — 32.6% -3.8% -4.6% — -32.1% 2.7% 8.4% 69.5% 1.1% — 25.9% 2.7% -1.9% -8.6% — — —
OCF 3Y 11.6% 8.3% 10.7% 35.5% 29.4% 36.2% 0.7% -31.9% -20.5% -9.4% -6.3% -1.8% -6.7% -11.6% -10.0% -8.8% -2.3% 14.3% -16.9% — —
OCF 5Y 15.5% 14.4% 18.2% 47.3% 19.8% 8.1% 7.7% -17.6% -7.7% 2.6% 5.2% 19.8% 16.1% 25.0% 4.2% -3.0% -4.1% -6.7% -21.4% — —
Assets 3Y 3.1% 2.7% 2.1% 1.7% 1.3% 1.3% 1.2% 1.2% 2.7% 2.7% 4.1% 4.1% 5.1% 5.1% 6.3% 7.2% 6.6% 6.6% 9.8% 9.8% 9.77%
Assets 5Y 3.4% 3.3% 3.6% 3.3% 4.2% 3.3% 3.6% 2.8% 4.0% 3.7% 3.6% 3.4% 2.8% 2.8% 3.7% 4.2% 4.5% 4.5% 6.7% 6.7% 6.69%
Equity 3Y 2.1% 2.3% 5.5% 3.8% 4.5% 4.5% 1.6% 1.6% 3.7% 3.7% 2.4% 2.4% 6.5% 6.5% 7.1% 7.1% 6.3% 6.3% 10.9% 10.9% 10.95%
Book Value 3Y 2.0% 2.3% 5.5% 3.8% 5.9% 4.5% 0.2% 1.6% -4.4% 4.4% 10.8% 3.4% 4.5% 4.5% 3.0% 3.0% 2.2% 2.2% 6.7% 6.7% 6.67%
Dividend 3Y 44.5% 92.3% 94.0% 91.2% 13.5% — -58.5% -45.3% -34.6% — 53.3% -1.4% -11.2% -15.4% -8.8% 4.8% 2.3% 0.3% 16.7% 29.7% 29.68%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.80 0.89 0.93 0.79 0.85 0.91 0.94 0.44 0.48 0.19 0.18 0.10 0.04 0.12 0.11 0.87 0.80 0.58 0.56 0.89 0.893
Earnings Stability 0.97 0.93 0.90 0.90 0.95 0.96 0.93 0.46 0.44 0.44 0.50 0.20 0.13 0.21 0.38 0.13 0.15 0.13 0.05 0.18 0.183
Margin Stability 0.68 0.67 0.68 0.63 0.63 0.66 0.67 0.68 0.69 0.63 0.63 0.67 0.67 0.63 0.62 0.61 0.61 0.62 0.62 0.68 0.680
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.94 0.86 0.84 0.81 0.86 0.96 1.00 0.82 0.84 0.85 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.89 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.88 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.86 0.71 0.67 0.61 0.71 0.90 1.00 0.44 0.49 0.54 0.69 0.75 0.77 0.75 0.74 0.74 0.75 0.76 0.66 0.00 0.000
ROE Trend 0.04 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.03 -0.06 -0.08 -0.08 -0.06 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 0.03 0.04 0.04 -0.04 -0.12 -0.115
Gross Margin Trend -0.07 -0.02 -0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.06 0.06 0.18 0.18 0.16 0.16 0.12 0.13 0.10 0.10 0.04 0.02 -0.00 -0.003
FCF Margin Trend 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.04 -0.04 -0.07 -0.04 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 -0.00 -0.06 -0.11 -0.113
Sustainable Growth Rate 3.7% -13.3% -9.5% -4.5% 3.9% 21.5% 17.1% 7.9% 6.3% 4.3% 7.7% 11.2% 10.8% 10.4% 11.2% 13.1% 13.3% 13.0% 2.7% -5.8% -5.75%
Internal Growth Rate 1.1% — — — 1.2% 7.2% 5.8% 2.6% 2.1% 1.4% 2.5% 3.7% 3.5% 3.4% 3.8% 4.5% 4.4% 4.3% 0.9% — —
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 2.94 2.45 2.31 2.08 1.82 1.26 1.40 1.04 1.77 3.15 3.00 2.88 2.38 1.89 1.78 1.69 1.76 1.84 1.20 -1.28 -1.277
FCF/OCF 0.64 0.61 0.62 0.63 0.53 0.20 0.21 -0.55 0.14 0.62 0.67 0.70 0.64 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.55 -0.09 3.47 3.473
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -4.436
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only -0.656
CapEx/Revenue 3.1% 3.1% 3.0% 3.0% 3.1% 3.4% 3.5% 3.8% 3.7% 3.4% 3.2% 3.1% 3.1% 3.2% 3.5% 3.7% 3.7% 3.8% 3.9% 4.0% 3.95%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.119
Accruals Ratio -0.10 -0.09 -0.08 -0.08 -0.06 -0.02 -0.02 -0.00 -0.03 -0.09 -0.09 -0.09 -0.07 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.01 0.03 0.031
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.043
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only -0.230
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.250
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 29.4% 49.3% 43.6% 42.8% 28.9% 0.0% 3.2% 6.2% 9.2% 12.1% 9.1% 5.4% 4.8% 5.2% 5.0% 4.7% 3.0% 2.6% 3.8% 5.0% 2.80%
Dividend/Share $4.91 $11.77 $11.34 $10.35 $6.90 $0.00 $0.84 $1.69 $2.51 $3.30 $2.47 $1.62 $1.72 $1.95 $1.83 $1.81 $1.95 $2.08 $3.27 $4.45 $2.90
Payout Ratio 79.0% 1.7% 1.5% 1.2% 82.8% 0.0% 11.2% 35.2% 49.6% 65.5% 43.4% 25.7% 29.2% 32.7% 28.7% 25.5% 27.3% 29.1% 72.6% 2.4% 2.40%
FCF Payout Ratio 42.2% 1.1% 1.0% 92.6% 85.1% 0.0% 38.2% — 2.0% 33.4% 21.7% 12.7% 19.3% 31.8% 29.9% 28.2% 28.5% 28.7% — — —
Total Payout Ratio 79.0% 1.7% 1.5% 1.2% 82.8% 0.0% 11.2% 35.2% 60.2% 86.9% 62.5% 42.8% 37.7% 32.7% 28.7% 25.5% 27.3% 29.1% 72.6% 2.4% 2.40%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 0 1 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Chowder Number 2.32 6.61 6.74 6.42 0.69 — -0.89 -0.77 -0.55 — 1.94 -0.01 -0.21 -0.31 -0.10 0.34 0.23 0.16 0.83 1.50 1.504
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 4.0% 3.6% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 4.0% 3.6% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Shareholder Return 29.4% 49.3% 43.6% 42.8% 28.9% 0.0% 3.2% 6.2% 11.2% 16.1% 13.0% 9.0% 6.2% 5.2% 5.0% 4.7% 3.0% 2.6% 3.8% 5.0% 5.00%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.71 0.73 0.72 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.68 0.68 0.69 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.70 0.61 0.614
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 2.00 2.24 1.91 1.80 1.87 1.89 1.98 1.48 1.59 1.66 1.64 1.63 1.62 1.61 1.55 1.50 1.54 1.59 2.80 -1.86 -1.861
EBIT Margin 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.02 -0.01 -0.011
Asset Turnover 1.88 1.90 1.86 1.88 1.95 2.01 1.97 1.66 1.66 1.39 1.33 1.34 1.32 1.32 1.23 1.21 1.24 1.26 1.11 1.07 1.075
Equity Multiplier 3.25 3.25 2.99 2.99 3.20 3.20 3.09 3.09 3.08 3.08 3.14 3.14 3.15 3.15 3.03 3.07 3.16 3.16 3.01 3.05 3.048
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $6.21 $7.08 $7.57 $8.56 $8.33 $7.86 $7.54 $4.80 $5.07 $5.04 $5.69 $6.32 $5.89 $5.97 $6.37 $7.13 $7.14 $7.16 $4.51 $1.85 $1.85
Book Value/Share $34.06 $34.06 $39.45 $39.45 $38.93 $38.93 $39.01 $39.01 $41.78 $41.78 $43.99 $43.99 $38.86 $38.86 $43.11 $43.11 $41.53 $41.53 $47.35 $47.35 $47.54
Tangible Book/Share $24.46 $24.46 $30.01 $30.01 $29.61 $29.61 $29.85 $29.85 $32.00 $32.00 $34.21 $34.20 $29.36 $29.36 $34.30 $34.30 $31.17 $31.17 $36.53 $36.53 $36.53
Revenue/Share $216.71 $218.79 $220.44 $223.71 $227.20 $234.12 $239.09 $201.37 $207.89 $174.02 $176.10 $177.09 $161.89 $160.85 $151.02 $150.94 $153.13 $155.26 $151.72 $148.18 $172.50
FCF/Share $11.63 $10.61 $10.81 $11.17 $8.11 $1.99 $2.21 $-2.73 $1.26 $9.90 $11.37 $12.78 $8.95 $6.14 $6.10 $6.43 $6.85 $7.27 $-0.48 $-8.22 $12.46
OCF/Share $18.24 $17.31 $17.49 $17.84 $15.20 $9.90 $10.56 $4.97 $8.96 $15.87 $17.08 $18.20 $14.02 $11.31 $11.32 $12.01 $12.58 $13.15 $5.39 $-2.37 $18.18
Cash/Share $18.28 $20.83 $28.88 $29.81 $18.29 $20.95 $26.33 $27.19 $22.56 $25.15 $34.57 $35.39 $22.19 $22.19 $32.25 $32.93 $23.83 $26.20 $29.71 $29.71 $29.71
EBITDA/Share $12.05 $12.13 $13.27 $14.38 $13.92 $13.44 $12.92 $10.82 $10.88 $9.25 $9.79 $10.27 $9.57 $9.69 $10.03 $10.96 $10.89 $10.81 $7.21 $3.61 $3.61
Debt/Share $11.33 $11.33 $11.63 $11.63 $10.30 $10.30 $9.33 $9.33 $9.62 $9.62 $9.01 $9.01 $8.27 $8.27 $8.03 $4.16 $8.49 $4.45 $8.09 $8.09 $8.09
Net Debt/Share $-6.95 $-9.50 $-17.25 $-18.18 $-7.99 $-10.65 $-17.00 $-17.86 $-12.93 $-15.53 $-25.56 $-26.39 $-13.92 $-13.92 $-24.22 $-28.77 $-15.34 $-21.75 $-21.63 $-21.63 $-21.63
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.933
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 2.131
Piotroski F-Score 5 7 6 7 8 8 6 6 6 6 7 8 6 6 7 7 7 7 5 2 2
Beneish M-Score -3.06 -3.01 -2.80 -2.78 -2.59 -2.22 -2.45 -2.85 -2.65 -4.61 -2.95 -2.95 -2.83 -2.79 -2.72 -2.65 -2.63 -2.65 -2.08 -2.06 -2.061
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.578
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only -3.98%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-10.00
EVA snapshot only $592435559.88
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'21 Q2'21 Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB
Credit Score 76.86 76.72 81.56 81.79 81.50 72.63 73.62 66.84 70.78 72.57 75.19 74.77 74.99 77.25 77.24 77.28 76.49 76.50 65.14 59.07 59.071
Credit Grade snapshot only 9
Credit Trend snapshot only -18.208
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 275.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 53
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 47

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