— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: TATACOMM.BO (BSE) · $vol 1M

TATACOMM.NS NSE

Tata Communications Limited
1W: +0.8% 1M: -2.9% 3M: -11.7% YTD: +0.4% 1Y: -0.7% 3Y: -4.1% 5Y: +31.5%
₹1,685.80 ($17.52)
+29.60 (+1.79%)
 
NSE · Communication Services · Telecommunications Services · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 35 · ₹480.5B mcap · 113M float · 0.501% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C+
Oct 01, 2026
DCF
3
ROE
5
ROA
1
D/E
1
P/E
1
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. TATACOMM.NS receives an overall rating of C+. Strongest factors: ROE (5/5). Areas of concern: ROA (1/5), D/E (1/5), P/E (1/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-08-04 C- C+
2026-07-23 B- C-
2026-06-02 B B-
2026-04-24 B- B
2026-04-23 C- B-
2026-04-06 C C-
2026-02-02 C- C
2026-01-30 C C-
2026-01-22 B C

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 24 Grade D
Profitability
39
Balance Sheet
27
Earnings Quality
66
Growth
29
Value
34
Momentum
59
Safety
30
Cash Flow
30
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. TATACOMM.NS scores highest in Earnings Quality (66/100) and lowest in Balance Sheet (27/100). A grade of D flags significant fundamental concerns across multiple dimensions.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
1.76
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-3.30
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-6.47
Bankruptcy prob: 0.2%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
B+
Score: 31.3/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 3.40x
Accruals: -8.8%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. TATACOMM.NS scores 1.76, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. TATACOMM.NS scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. TATACOMM.NS's score of -3.30 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. TATACOMM.NS's implied 0.2% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. TATACOMM.NS receives an estimated rating of B+ (score: 31.3/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). TATACOMM.NS's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
50.79x
PEG
-1.41x
P/S
1.89x
P/B
13.16x
P/FCF
69.06x
P/OCF
11.29x
EV/EBITDA
10.17x
EV/Revenue
2.01x
EV/EBIT
22.50x
EV/FCF
89.26x
Earnings Yield
2.60%
FCF Yield
1.45%
Shareholder Yield
2.93%
Graham Number
$308.69
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 50.8x earnings, TATACOMM.NS is priced for high growth expectations. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $308.69 per share, 446% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.681
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.665
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.089
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.902
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
8.501
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
31.0%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. TATACOMM.NS's ROE of 31.0% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 8.50x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
$298.17
Price/Value
4.52x
Margin of Safety
-352.06%
Premium
352.06%
Assessment
Overvalued
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with TATACOMM.NS's realized 0.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. TATACOMM.NS trades at a 352% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $298.17, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 8.5x compares to the current market P/E of 50.8x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$1683.00
Median 1Y
$2053.23
5th Pctile
$1095.35
95th Pctile
$3843.54
Ann. Volatility
36.3%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
ROE -2.2% -8.5% -9.1% 2.8% 3.3% 3.2% 3.2% 1.5% 1.3% 1.1% 82.5% 58.6% 55.6% 57.3% 69.2% 76.4% 70.5% 71.3% 76.9% 31.0% 30.97%
ROA 5.9% 6.2% 6.6% 7.2% 8.4% 9.1% 9.1% 8.9% 8.1% 6.5% 4.8% 4.3% 4.1% 4.0% 4.9% 7.2% 6.6% 6.3% 6.8% 3.6% 3.64%
ROIC 34.6% 34.4% 34.5% 35.2% 37.1% 42.3% 43.9% 59.6% 60.7% 50.9% 46.9% 45.4% 47.3% 42.7% 43.4% 35.0% 34.2% 22.4% 14.7% 17.0% 17.00%
ROCE 14.4% 16.5% 16.9% 18.0% 18.8% 18.0% 17.9% 19.1% 18.2% 14.9% 14.8% 16.5% 16.8% 13.4% 13.6% 13.7% 13.6% 15.3% 16.2% 15.4% 15.37%
Gross Margin 42.2% 45.0% 45.9% 6.6% 45.1% 45.1% 44.0% 3.9% 43.1% 41.0% 38.9% 26.9% 37.7% 36.5% 37.3% 6.8% 33.8% 23.5% 22.5% 22.9% 22.92%
Operating Margin 42.2% 45.0% 45.9% -30.6% 45.1% 45.1% 44.0% -3.5% 43.1% 41.0% 38.9% 7.5% 37.7% 36.5% 37.3% -0.8% 33.8% 8.1% 7.7% 8.4% 8.44%
Net Margin 7.2% 10.2% 9.4% 8.6% 12.6% 12.0% 8.7% 7.1% 8.0% 4.5% 0.8% 5.7% 5.9% 3.9% 4.1% 17.4% 3.2% 3.0% 5.9% 4.0% 4.02%
EBITDA Margin 22.2% 26.5% 23.8% 20.9% 22.7% 25.3% 21.2% 19.0% 18.8% 20.6% 17.2% 19.1% 17.2% 19.3% 17.9% 16.1% 16.6% 18.6% 22.8% 20.7% 20.68%
FCF Margin 7.9% 9.5% 11.0% 12.0% 12.9% 16.5% 19.9% 22.9% 25.2% 25.2% 24.4% 18.6% 13.8% 9.1% 4.8% 4.3% 3.8% 1.9% 1.4% 2.2% 2.25%
OCF Margin 17.0% 18.2% 19.2% 20.5% 21.8% 23.3% 24.6% 25.2% 25.2% 25.2% 24.4% 21.0% 18.5% 16.0% 13.9% 13.4% 13.0% 13.4% 12.9% 13.7% 13.74%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 48.01%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 84.42%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 4.79%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 10.54%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 16.44%
Cash ROA snapshot only 12.00%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 23.18%
CROIC snapshot only 3.79%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 10.08%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 5.93%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 11.30%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.15%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio 26.82 28.10 27.78 22.27 14.51 17.20 19.07 19.04 27.16 40.68 50.62 57.77 56.17 64.76 42.81 24.14 28.48 27.88 29.29 38.43 50.792
P/S Ratio 2.06 2.26 2.38 1.97 1.48 1.84 2.00 1.92 2.43 2.87 2.48 2.67 2.37 2.64 2.09 1.91 2.05 1.93 2.15 1.55 1.890
P/B Ratio 299.43 157.74 165.99 35.57 27.06 34.81 38.56 22.52 29.23 37.01 33.90 31.32 28.91 33.73 26.90 14.67 15.96 16.15 18.29 11.16 13.159
P/FCF 25.99 23.76 21.65 16.51 11.50 11.16 10.04 8.37 9.63 11.40 10.17 14.41 17.23 29.07 43.49 44.28 53.44 104.09 151.81 69.06 69.056
P/OCF 12.12 12.39 12.37 9.60 6.80 7.90 8.11 7.60 9.63 11.40 10.17 12.71 12.79 16.55 15.03 14.23 15.83 14.35 16.61 11.29 11.293
EV/EBITDA 11.20 12.03 12.40 10.47 8.31 9.76 10.72 10.44 13.30 16.60 15.34 16.79 15.42 17.35 14.18 13.52 14.41 14.26 14.44 10.17 10.175
EV/Revenue 2.60 2.79 2.92 2.45 1.95 2.27 2.41 2.30 2.80 3.30 2.89 3.17 2.84 3.16 2.60 2.38 2.51 2.47 2.68 2.01 2.006
EV/EBIT 22.45 23.94 24.31 20.25 15.68 18.41 20.19 19.94 26.11 34.52 32.12 36.90 33.89 38.19 31.24 28.64 30.76 30.63 31.90 22.50 22.495
EV/FCF 32.90 29.44 26.58 20.48 15.15 13.75 12.14 10.03 11.10 13.12 11.84 17.07 20.67 34.70 54.06 55.13 65.47 133.23 189.33 89.26 89.256
Earnings Yield 3.7% 3.6% 3.6% 4.5% 6.9% 5.8% 5.2% 5.3% 3.7% 2.5% 2.0% 1.7% 1.8% 1.5% 2.3% 4.1% 3.5% 3.6% 3.4% 2.6% 2.60%
FCF Yield 3.8% 4.2% 4.6% 6.1% 8.7% 9.0% 10.0% 12.0% 10.4% 8.8% 9.8% 6.9% 5.8% 3.4% 2.3% 2.3% 1.9% 1.0% 0.7% 1.4% 1.45%
EV/OCF snapshot only 14.597
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 7.845
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 14.061
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 2.93%
Graham Number snapshot only $308.69
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.75 0.60 0.60 0.58 0.58 0.63 0.63 0.59 0.59 0.61 0.61 0.44 0.44 0.61 0.61 0.58 0.58 0.46 0.46 0.49 0.490
Quick Ratio 0.75 0.59 0.59 0.57 0.57 0.62 0.62 0.58 0.58 0.61 0.61 0.43 0.43 0.59 0.59 0.57 0.57 0.45 0.45 0.48 0.482
Debt/Equity 98.68 43.84 43.84 9.83 9.83 9.74 9.74 5.65 5.65 6.06 6.06 6.30 6.30 6.99 6.99 4.09 4.09 4.68 4.68 3.55 3.553
Net Debt/Equity 79.56 37.74 37.74 8.57 8.57 8.10 8.10 4.48 4.48 5.57 5.57 5.78 5.78 6.53 6.53 3.59 3.59 4.52 4.52 3.27 3.266
Debt/Assets 0.53 0.51 0.51 0.46 0.46 0.44 0.44 0.42 0.42 0.43 0.43 0.46 0.46 0.49 0.49 0.46 0.46 0.49 0.49 0.43 0.431
Debt/EBITDA 2.92 2.70 2.67 2.33 2.30 2.22 2.24 2.18 2.23 2.36 2.36 2.85 2.80 3.01 2.96 3.03 3.01 3.23 2.96 2.51 2.505
Net Debt/EBITDA 2.35 2.32 2.30 2.03 2.00 1.84 1.86 1.73 1.77 2.17 2.17 2.62 2.57 2.82 2.77 2.66 2.65 3.12 2.86 2.30 2.303
Interest Coverage 5.48 5.69 6.22 5.61 6.13 6.03 5.38 4.76 4.05 3.43 3.04 2.79 2.67 2.53 2.57 2.62 2.60 2.57 2.67 2.90 2.903
Equity Multiplier 184.77 85.42 85.42 21.20 21.20 22.13 22.13 13.54 13.54 14.14 14.14 13.75 13.75 14.18 14.18 8.80 8.80 9.55 9.55 8.24 8.240
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.071
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 6.419
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.081
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.045
Defensive Interval snapshot only 672.2 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.77 0.78 0.77 0.82 0.83 0.85 0.87 0.89 0.91 0.92 0.98 0.93 0.97 0.99 1.00 0.91 0.92 0.91 0.92 0.90 0.902
Inventory Turnover 205.90 251.58 250.23 301.77 301.58 277.77 284.64 118.52 122.08 272.70 292.40 108.07 114.57 99.22 100.54 135.81 139.45 97.79 104.16 143.00 143.004
Receivables Turnover 5.76 5.56 5.54 6.45 6.53 6.16 6.28 6.71 6.88 6.01 6.37 6.44 6.71 5.86 5.91 5.97 6.06 5.43 5.52 6.07 6.066
Payables Turnover 3.12 3.24 3.22 3.49 3.49 3.32 3.41 3.73 3.84 3.72 3.99 3.80 4.02 4.20 4.26 4.54 4.66 4.90 5.22 4.68 4.682
DSO 63 66 66 57 56 59 58 54 53 61 57 57 54 62 62 61 60 67 66 60 60.2 days
DIO 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 2.6 days
DPO 117 113 113 104 105 110 107 98 95 98 91 96 91 87 86 80 78 74 70 78 78.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -52 -45 -46 -47 -47 -49 -48 -40 -39 -36 -33 -36 -33 -21 -20 -17 -15 -4 -0 -15 -15.2 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 2.362
Operating Cycle snapshot only 62.7 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 25.022
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.145
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue -2.9% -4.9% -5.1% -2.2% 0.8% 3.7% 6.0% 6.7% 8.1% 9.0% 13.2% 17.3% 19.0% 21.0% 15.1% 10.8% 7.9% 5.2% 6.1% 7.0% 6.96%
Net Income 12.5% 2.1% 1.1% 18.5% 34.2% 38.1% 29.6% 21.2% -5.5% -28.0% -47.0% -46.1% -43.7% -30.0% 14.8% 89.6% 84.2% 78.1% 59.2% -45.5% -45.46%
EPS 12.5% 2.1% 1.1% 18.5% 34.2% 38.1% 29.6% 21.2% -5.5% -28.0% -47.0% -46.1% -43.8% -30.0% 14.8% 89.6% 84.2% 78.2% 59.0% -45.5% -45.54%
FCF 1.0% 86.4% 1.2% 83.9% 64.0% 80.0% 92.0% 1.0% 1.1% 66.6% 39.0% -5.0% -35.0% -56.3% -77.3% -74.2% -69.9% -78.6% -68.8% -44.3% -44.33%
EBITDA 22.1% 8.9% 1.7% -3.0% 1.7% 3.6% 1.5% 0.5% -3.2% -6.5% -5.4% 0.5% 4.4% 10.6% 12.2% 3.5% 2.1% 0.0% 7.3% 19.7% 19.74%
Op. Income 17.0% 8.5% 6.1% -0.8% 8.5% 15.0% 16.1% 36.6% 32.5% 29.1% 31.4% 15.5% 14.6% 16.4% 12.0% -4.9% -7.5% -32.5% -56.9% -44.3% -44.25%
OCF Growth snapshot only 9.43%
Asset Growth snapshot only 6.84%
Equity Growth snapshot only 14.10%
Debt Growth snapshot only -0.88%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.15%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 98.44%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 0.8% 0.7% 0.3% 0.5% 0.4% 0.5% 1.2% 1.5% 1.9% 2.4% 4.4% 7.0% 9.0% 11.0% 11.4% 11.5% 11.6% 11.5% 11.4% 11.6% 11.61%
Revenue 5Y -1.4% -1.0% -0.2% -1.8% -0.7% -0.1% 0.6% 1.2% 2.2% 2.9% 3.9% 4.9% 5.4% 6.0% 6.2% 6.3% 6.3% 6.5% 6.8% 7.7% 7.72%
EPS 3Y — — — — 2.2% 1.6% — — 1.6% 45.9% 12.9% -8.2% -10.7% -11.4% -7.6% 7.4% -0.7% -3.5% -1.1% -17.7% -17.74%
EPS 5Y 72.4% 62.3% -1.3% 3.8% 7.2% 14.5% — — — — — — 77.1% 54.6% — — 77.8% 31.1% 21.3% -4.4% -4.38%
Net Income 3Y — — — — 2.2% 1.6% — — 1.6% 45.9% 12.9% -8.2% -10.6% -11.4% -7.6% 7.4% -0.7% -3.5% -1.0% -17.7% -17.69%
Net Income 5Y 72.5% 62.3% -1.3% 3.7% 7.2% 14.5% — — — — — — 77.1% 54.6% — — 77.8% 31.1% 21.3% -4.3% -4.34%
EBITDA 3Y 19.9% 19.1% 17.2% 17.8% 14.8% 11.2% 12.0% 10.6% 6.3% 1.8% -0.8% -0.7% 0.9% 2.3% 2.5% 1.5% 1.0% 1.1% 4.4% 7.6% 7.57%
EBITDA 5Y 6.8% 6.4% 6.9% 6.4% 8.9% 10.4% 10.4% 10.8% 11.2% 10.4% 9.1% 10.5% 8.9% 7.3% 8.3% 7.1% 5.1% 3.1% 3.3% 3.9% 3.94%
Gross Profit 3Y 7.1% 5.8% 4.5% 4.2% 3.7% 2.3% 1.8% 3.8% 3.1% 2.2% 2.7% 9.5% 10.9% 12.2% 11.9% 5.4% 3.5% -0.7% -5.5% 1.2% 1.23%
Gross Profit 5Y 2.7% 3.3% 4.6% 2.4% 4.8% 5.6% 6.1% 5.4% 5.9% 5.6% 5.4% 8.6% 7.7% 6.7% 6.0% 4.5% 3.4% 0.6% -2.4% 1.4% 1.42%
Op. Income 3Y 19.4% 17.1% 14.4% 15.9% 14.3% 11.2% 10.1% 20.6% 18.9% 17.2% 17.4% 16.1% 18.1% 20.0% 19.6% 14.5% 12.0% 0.4% -14.1% -15.1% -15.07%
Op. Income 5Y 64.5% 66.4% 75.0% 1.0% 28.9% 12.9% 3.8% 18.9% 19.6% 19.0% 18.0% 19.7% 17.8% 15.6% 14.5% 14.0% 12.3% 4.8% -4.8% -3.7% -3.65%
FCF 3Y 83.9% 1.6% 1.7% 1.8% 1.8% 2.1% 1.3% 1.1% 91.5% 77.5% 79.1% 52.9% 31.1% 9.5% -15.4% -20.6% -25.5% -46.2% -53.8% -48.5% -48.53%
FCF 5Y 21.8% 37.3% 36.2% 34.7% 33.5% 37.3% 50.1% 64.8% 84.8% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 99.6% 84.9% 31.2% 16.3% 6.6% -12.1% -16.5% -12.5% -12.51%
OCF 3Y 14.8% 20.8% 22.1% 24.5% 26.8% 29.4% 28.9% 27.2% 25.1% 23.2% 24.3% 17.9% 12.3% 6.3% 0.0% -3.2% -6.2% -7.1% -10.1% -8.9% -8.86%
OCF 5Y 2.4% 4.9% 6.0% 7.6% 9.1% 10.8% 14.2% 17.0% 19.6% 22.5% 22.6% 19.9% 17.4% 14.5% 9.6% 7.3% 5.3% 4.9% 4.4% 4.9% 4.86%
Assets 3Y 2.9% -0.5% -0.5% -0.6% -0.6% -1.5% -1.5% -2.5% -2.5% -3.0% -3.0% 4.8% 4.8% 7.6% 7.6% 10.6% 10.6% 10.6% 10.6% 11.4% 11.39%
Assets 5Y -3.4% -4.4% -4.4% -1.4% -1.4% 0.3% 0.7% 1.0% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 4.2% 4.2% 3.7% 3.7% 3.7% 3.7% 3.9% 3.9% 5.9% 5.89%
Equity 3Y -38.6% — — — — — — — — — — 1.5% 1.5% 95.8% 95.8% 48.2% 48.2% 46.4% 46.4% 31.4% 31.43%
Book Value 3Y -38.6% — — — — — — — — — — 1.5% 1.5% 95.7% 95.8% 48.2% 48.2% 46.4% 46.3% 31.4% 31.35%
Dividend 3Y -4.3% -7.6% -8.9% 9.4% 24.6% 22.8% 20.6% -18.6% — — — 14.5% — — — 56.0% 21.5% 34.8% 21.3% 25.7% 25.65%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.27 0.06 0.08 0.47 0.39 0.08 0.05 0.37 0.57 0.60 0.59 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.70 0.74 0.75 0.77 0.85 0.91 0.912
Earnings Stability 0.06 0.20 0.04 0.15 0.23 0.43 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.82 0.64 0.55 0.46 0.37 0.34 0.46 0.33 0.21 0.19 0.02 0.020
Margin Stability 0.91 0.90 0.90 0.92 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.96 0.97 0.97 0.91 0.91 0.87 0.82 0.86 0.856
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.86 0.85 0.88 0.92 0.98 0.89 0.81 0.82 0.83 0.88 0.94 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.82 0.818
Earnings Smoothness 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.83 0.71 0.68 0.74 0.81 0.94 0.67 0.39 0.40 0.44 0.65 0.86 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.54 0.41 0.412
ROE Trend — — — — — — — -5.03 -5.44 -2.91 -3.33 -0.85 -0.96 -0.95 -0.72 -0.25 -0.23 -0.14 -0.02 -0.28 -0.284
Gross Margin Trend 0.02 0.00 -0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.02 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.06 -0.07 -0.09 -0.12 -0.08 -0.076
FCF Margin Trend 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.14 0.15 0.12 0.09 0.01 -0.05 -0.12 -0.17 -0.16 -0.16 -0.15 -0.13 -0.09 -0.092
Sustainable Growth Rate — — — 2.5% 2.8% 2.8% 2.9% 1.4% 1.3% 1.1% 82.5% 49.5% 37.5% 29.5% 32.1% 52.8% 48.1% 23.7% 30.7% -3.9% -3.93%
Internal Growth Rate 5.6% 6.0% 6.5% 6.8% 7.7% 8.7% 8.8% 9.2% 8.8% 7.0% 5.0% 3.8% 2.8% 2.1% 2.3% 5.2% 4.7% 2.1% 2.8% — —
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 2.21 2.27 2.25 2.32 2.13 2.18 2.35 2.51 2.82 3.57 4.98 4.55 4.39 3.91 2.85 1.70 1.80 1.94 1.76 3.40 3.402
FCF/OCF 0.47 0.52 0.57 0.58 0.59 0.71 0.81 0.91 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.88 0.74 0.57 0.35 0.32 0.30 0.14 0.11 0.16 0.164
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.556
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.697
CapEx/Revenue 9.1% 8.7% 8.2% 8.6% 8.9% 6.8% 4.7% 2.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.5% 4.8% 6.9% 9.1% 9.1% 9.1% 11.6% 11.5% 11.5% 11.49%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.065
Accruals Ratio -0.07 -0.08 -0.08 -0.10 -0.10 -0.11 -0.12 -0.13 -0.15 -0.17 -0.19 -0.15 -0.14 -0.12 -0.09 -0.05 -0.05 -0.06 -0.05 -0.09 -0.088
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.166
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.856
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.6% 1.0% 0.7% 0.6% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.6% 0.7% 1.3% 1.3% 1.1% 2.4% 2.1% 2.9% 1.04%
Dividend/Share $4.65 $4.32 $4.00 $6.50 $9.00 $8.00 $7.00 $3.50 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $5.25 $10.49 $15.74 $21.00 $19.92 $18.83 $38.60 $37.48 $39.53 $17.50
Payout Ratio 10.3% 9.3% 8.1% 12.5% 14.8% 12.4% 10.9% 5.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 15.5% 32.5% 48.5% 53.6% 30.9% 31.7% 66.7% 60.1% 1.1% 1.13%
FCF Payout Ratio 10.0% 7.8% 6.3% 9.3% 11.8% 8.1% 5.7% 2.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.9% 10.0% 21.8% 54.4% 56.7% 59.5% 2.5% 3.1% 2.0% 2.03%
Total Payout Ratio 10.3% 9.3% 8.1% 12.5% 14.8% 12.4% 10.9% 5.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 15.5% 32.5% 48.5% 53.6% 30.9% 31.7% 66.7% 60.1% 1.1% 1.13%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — — — 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number -0.12 -0.18 -0.24 0.31 0.95 0.86 0.76 -0.46 — — — 0.50 — — — 2.81 0.81 1.47 0.81 1.02 1.017
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Shareholder Return 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.6% 1.0% 0.7% 0.6% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.6% 0.7% 1.3% 1.3% 1.1% 2.4% 2.1% 2.9% 2.93%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.78 0.79 0.79 0.74 0.74 0.76 0.78 0.86 0.86 0.82 0.73 0.80 0.82 0.81 0.81 0.89 0.87 0.88 0.91 0.68 0.681
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.84 0.86 0.90 0.99 1.11 1.14 1.12 1.02 0.97 0.90 0.74 0.68 0.61 0.61 0.72 1.07 1.01 0.98 0.96 0.67 0.665
EBIT Margin 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.089
Asset Turnover 0.77 0.78 0.77 0.82 0.83 0.85 0.87 0.89 0.91 0.92 0.98 0.93 0.97 0.99 1.00 0.91 0.92 0.91 0.92 0.90 0.902
Equity Multiplier -37.40 -137.35 -137.35 39.31 39.31 35.24 35.24 16.44 16.44 17.21 17.21 13.65 13.65 14.17 14.17 10.64 10.64 11.33 11.33 8.50 8.501
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $45.23 $46.67 $49.69 $52.00 $60.68 $64.44 $64.39 $63.02 $57.33 $46.40 $34.15 $33.98 $32.24 $32.48 $39.20 $64.41 $59.37 $57.87 $62.33 $35.08 $35.08
Book Value/Share $4.05 $8.32 $8.31 $32.55 $32.55 $31.84 $31.84 $53.27 $53.27 $50.99 $50.99 $62.68 $62.64 $62.36 $62.39 $105.97 $105.91 $99.92 $99.79 $120.73 $128.11
Tangible Book/Share $-54.95 $-49.21 $-49.20 $-26.98 $-26.97 $-28.87 $-28.86 $-9.56 $-9.56 $-24.39 $-24.39 $-102.20 $-102.12 $-106.80 $-106.85 $-60.66 $-60.62 $-70.82 $-70.73 $-76.96 $-76.96
Revenue/Share $589.48 $581.68 $580.30 $586.94 $594.14 $603.23 $615.18 $625.90 $642.07 $657.57 $696.34 $734.15 $763.80 $795.46 $801.61 $813.41 $824.37 $836.77 $849.37 $868.68 $892.16
FCF/Share $46.67 $55.21 $63.74 $70.15 $76.56 $99.35 $122.34 $143.39 $161.73 $165.49 $169.99 $136.24 $105.12 $72.35 $38.59 $35.11 $31.64 $15.50 $12.02 $19.52 $-6.52
OCF/Share $100.08 $105.86 $111.60 $120.58 $129.54 $140.38 $151.40 $157.92 $161.73 $165.49 $169.99 $154.50 $141.62 $127.13 $111.66 $109.24 $106.80 $112.44 $109.92 $119.35 $33.46
Cash/Share $77.47 $50.70 $50.70 $41.21 $41.20 $52.26 $52.25 $62.08 $62.08 $24.96 $24.96 $32.86 $32.83 $28.20 $28.21 $52.72 $52.69 $16.05 $16.03 $34.72 $0.00
EBITDA/Share $137.11 $135.09 $136.62 $137.18 $139.46 $139.98 $138.63 $137.79 $135.03 $130.84 $131.18 $138.47 $140.88 $144.71 $147.15 $143.21 $143.76 $144.76 $157.68 $171.23 $171.23
Debt/Share $399.78 $364.55 $364.52 $320.11 $320.07 $310.21 $310.16 $300.93 $300.93 $309.21 $309.21 $395.22 $394.91 $435.64 $435.84 $433.46 $433.20 $467.75 $467.14 $429.00 $429.00
Net Debt/Share $322.31 $313.85 $313.82 $278.91 $278.86 $257.95 $257.90 $238.85 $238.85 $284.25 $284.25 $362.36 $362.07 $407.44 $407.63 $380.74 $380.51 $451.71 $451.11 $394.28 $394.28
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.760
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 0.502
Piotroski F-Score 6 7 6 7 8 8 7 7 6 5 6 6 4 4 6 6 6 7 6 6 6
Beneish M-Score -2.97 -3.01 -3.04 -3.29 -3.02 -2.97 -3.02 -2.51 -3.06 -2.99 -3.07 -3.34 -2.48 -2.51 -2.42 -0.96 -2.59 -2.38 -2.29 -3.30 -3.300
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -6.466
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-626.57
EVA snapshot only $10288964711.08
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only B+
Credit Score 40.17 47.17 46.97 41.59 42.96 59.39 59.79 55.95 59.09 63.09 63.24 50.29 39.94 38.49 39.96 38.89 37.60 34.54 36.96 31.26 31.265
Credit Grade snapshot only 14
Credit Trend snapshot only -7.623
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 650.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 24
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 25

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