— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: III.L (LSE) · $vol 85M · TGOPY (OTC) · $vol 12M

TGOPF OTC

3i Group plc
1W: -6.1% 1M: -10.0% 3M: -4.1% YTD: -24.4% 1Y: -41.0% 3Y: +36.1% 5Y: +107.8%
$33.54
-1.37 (-3.92%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±3.9%
$31 $32 $34 $35 $36
OTC · Financial Services · Asset Management · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 37 · $33.6B mcap · 972M float · 0.0004% daily turnover · Short 51% of daily vol

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A-
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
5
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
4
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. TGOPF receives an overall rating of A-. Strongest factors: ROE (5/5), ROA (5/5), P/E (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-02 A A-
2026-07-01 A- A
2026-06-01 None ADDED
2026-06-01 EXISTED None
2026-04-30 A A-
2026-04-27 A- A
2026-04-16 A A-
2026-03-11 None ADDED
2026-03-11 EXISTED None
2026-02-17 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade B
Profitability
100
Balance Sheet
78
Earnings Quality
27
Growth
39
Value
—
Momentum
32
Safety
—
Cash Flow
50

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
1.83
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-12.88
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AA-
Score: 82.8/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
25/100
OCF/NI: 0.09x
Accruals: 34.9%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. TGOPF scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. TGOPF's score of 1.83 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. TGOPF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. TGOPF receives an estimated rating of AA- (score: 82.8/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). TGOPF's score of 25/100 is low — reported earnings may not be fully supported by cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
4.76x
PEG
1.66x
P/S
4.59x
P/B
0.84x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$83.36
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 4.8x earnings, TGOPF trades at a deep value multiple. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $83.36 per share, suggesting a potential 149% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
1.000
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.053
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
1.761
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.206
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.057
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
40.4%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. TGOPF's ROE of 40.4% is driven by EBIT Margin (1.761) as the dominant factor. A tax burden ratio of 1.00 indicates minimal tax leakage — the company retains over 90% of pre-tax earnings.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$390.87
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with TGOPF's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. TGOPF actually compounded EPS at 89.1% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. TGOPF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $390.87, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 4.8x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$33.54
Median 1Y
$35.65
5th Pctile
$17.04
95th Pctile
$74.96
Ann. Volatility
44.7%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
ROE 50.6% 48.1% 55.6% 52.1% 42.4% 39.4% 37.9% 19.7% 24.5% 24.2% 35.7% 57.2% 55.5% 66.0% 54.8% 51.1% 48.1% 42.8% 45.1% 40.4% 40.42%
ROA 40.4% 39.9% 46.7% 44.5% 36.8% 35.1% 34.1% 17.7% 21.8% 21.7% 32.5% 52.1% 50.0% 61.0% 50.4% 47.3% 44.8% 40.5% 42.5% 38.2% 38.23%
ROIC 43.0% 41.9% 41.8% 44.2% 37.9% 35.5% 32.5% 19.1% 21.8% 20.8% 29.2% 43.4% 41.4% 49.3% 41.5% 40.0% 38.0% 34.7% 34.2% 31.2% 31.16%
ROCE 37.3% 34.9% 38.6% 38.3% 33.0% 31.2% 30.3% 17.1% 20.4% 20.3% 29.0% 43.2% 40.5% 47.4% 40.1% 39.0% 38.1% 34.7% 34.2% 30.3% 30.29%
Gross Margin 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 98.6% 1.0% 1.0% 98.3% 99.6% 98.1% 99.5% 99.0% 98.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 99.5% 98.3% 98.31%
Operating Margin 94.7% 89.4% 91.7% 92.1% 92.0% 88.2% 92.5% 1.1% 95.7% 89.9% 97.5% 95.7% 96.3% 97.3% 96.1% 96.2% 96.3% 97.9% 14.5% 8.7% 8.70%
Net Margin 96.4% 90.1% 93.5% 92.5% 91.8% 90.6% 94.4% 1.1% 94.6% 90.8% 96.7% 96.2% 97.6% 95.5% 96.4% 96.5% 1.0% 96.4% 17.1% 8.5% 8.50%
EBITDA Margin 95.1% 89.1% 91.9% 93.0% 92.2% 88.4% 92.7% 1.1% 95.8% 1.2% 97.6% 95.8% 96.4% 97.3% 96.1% 1.0% 96.4% 97.6% 14.5% 8.6% 8.64%
FCF Margin 31.6% 24.1% 4.7% 17.3% 24.0% 27.1% 38.0% 63.2% 43.1% 22.3% 13.1% 1.1% -1.7% 3.6% 4.7% 9.3% 13.6% 15.1% 17.9% 16.0% 16.03%
OCF Margin 31.7% 24.2% 4.7% 17.4% 24.2% 27.3% 38.1% 63.6% 43.3% 22.4% 13.2% 1.1% -1.7% 3.6% 4.7% 9.4% 13.7% 15.3% 18.2% 16.3% 16.33%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 40.36%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 36.48%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 37.60%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 38.97%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 30.65%
Cash ROA snapshot only 2.81%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 2.88%
CROIC snapshot only 2.83%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 1.77%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 1.85%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 2.51%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.50%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.758
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.587
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.842
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 1.656
Graham Number snapshot only $83.36
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 3.32 7.65 4.15 6.60 8.01 9.18 7.30 7.62 6.90 3.06 0.93 1.17 0.14 2.34 1.48 3.25 3.52 3.07 5.32 131.80 131.800
Quick Ratio 3.32 7.65 4.15 6.60 8.01 9.18 7.30 7.62 6.90 3.06 0.93 1.17 0.14 2.34 1.48 3.25 3.52 3.07 5.32 131.80 131.800
Debt/Equity 0.16 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.11 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.041
Net Debt/Equity -0.01 -0.06 0.04 -0.06 -0.06 -0.05 0.00 -0.02 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.06 0.08 0.04 0.07 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.020
Debt/Assets 0.13 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.039
Debt/EBITDA 0.37 0.25 0.21 0.19 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.41 0.50 0.43 0.26 0.16 0.17 0.09 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.13 0.129
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.03 -0.15 0.08 -0.13 -0.16 -0.15 0.01 -0.12 0.22 0.34 0.25 0.13 0.17 0.07 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.06 0.064
Interest Coverage — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 253.61 149.71 108.35 87.16 85.33 85.334
Equity Multiplier 1.22 1.15 1.14 1.12 1.11 1.10 1.09 1.10 1.13 1.13 1.10 1.09 1.09 1.06 1.08 1.07 1.06 1.06 1.05 1.05 1.047
Cash Ratio snapshot only 127.000
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 85.360
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.504
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.707
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.45 0.43 0.49 0.48 0.40 0.38 0.37 0.20 0.24 0.24 0.35 0.55 0.52 0.63 0.52 0.49 0.46 0.42 0.31 0.21 0.206
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 144.00 — — — 10.02 10.018
Receivables Turnover 274.67 93.22 1975.33 52.86 296.70 133.41 1518.00 33.72 319.00 107.53 540.00 211.97 1019.23 371.21 452.49 176.28 3586.80 249.95 583.14 154.85 154.846
Payables Turnover 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.31 0.30 0.42 0.48 0.68 0.97 1.22 1.66 0.82 0.73 0.31 0.01 0.05 0.048
DSO 1 4 0 7 1 3 0 11 1 3 1 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 2 2.4 days
DIO — — — — — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 36 36.4 days
DPO — — — — — — 2655 1169 1236 863 753 537 376 300 220 446 498 1186 26863 7542 7542.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle — — — — — — -2654 -1159 -1235 -859 -752 -535 -376 -299 -219 -442 -498 -1185 -26862 -7503 -7503.3 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 92.671
Operating Cycle snapshot only 15.3 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 8.756
Capital Intensity snapshot only 5.816
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 45.4% 49.6% 78.7% 74.2% 20.0% 16.6% 2.5% -47.3% -24.7% -21.2% 24.5% 2.6% 2.0% 2.9% 1.2% 42.0% 35.4% 2.4% -9.4% -36.1% -36.12%
Net Income 70.2% 90.6% 1.3% 1.0% 23.5% 16.6% -0.7% -51.3% -26.9% -23.5% 24.9% 3.0% 2.2% 3.1% 1.3% 43.3% 36.5% 3.4% 30.1% 22.9% 22.89%
EPS 68.9% 90.0% 1.3% 98.8% 22.5% 15.9% -0.9% -51.3% -26.4% -23.2% 25.2% 3.0% 2.2% 3.2% 1.3% 43.6% 36.0% 3.2% -3.3% 16.8% 16.80%
FCF 21.8% -14.5% -64.5% -30.3% -8.8% 31.0% 7.4% 92.4% 35.1% -35.2% -57.1% -93.8% -1.1% -38.4% -20.4% 11.3% 11.8% 3.3% 2.4% 9.6% 9.61%
EBITDA 53.7% 58.8% 91.4% 81.8% 19.5% 16.6% 1.7% -51.4% -26.8% -14.8% 34.9% 3.2% 2.3% 2.8% 1.1% 40.9% 34.3% 4.3% 25.2% 14.1% 14.12%
Op. Income 1.6% 1.8% 2.2% 83.0% 20.0% 16.5% 1.5% -51.4% -26.8% -22.8% 27.5% 3.1% 2.2% 3.2% 1.3% 43.2% 36.2% 2.4% 23.2% 16.8% 16.84%
OCF Growth snapshot only 11.15%
Asset Growth snapshot only 49.81%
Equity Growth snapshot only 53.52%
Debt Growth snapshot only 1.06%
Shares Change snapshot only 5.22%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 28.85%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — 54.2% 1.2% — 1.5% 1.2% 17.9% 9.5% 11.2% 31.6% 49.6% 38.9% 52.4% 41.4% 39.7% 44.6% 45.9% 35.7% 49.0% 48.98%
Revenue 5Y — — 34.7% 20.9% 10.4% 24.6% — — — — 36.1% 82.3% — 1.2% 98.3% 53.3% 39.5% 40.2% 35.5% 24.9% 24.87%
EPS 3Y — — 1.0% — — — — 29.7% 15.0% 19.2% 42.2% 57.5% 42.3% 54.7% 41.9% 41.3% 47.3% 48.8% 40.7% 89.1% 89.06%
EPS 5Y — — 30.2% 17.6% 7.3% 34.3% — — — — 59.0% — — — — 66.1% 45.9% 48.7% 45.0% 45.6% 45.61%
Net Income 3Y — — 1.0% — — — — 30.6% 15.4% 19.4% 42.8% 57.8% 42.3% 54.7% 41.8% 41.2% 47.1% 48.6% 55.2% 92.2% 92.18%
Net Income 5Y — — 39.9% 26.0% 15.0% 47.9% — — — — 59.5% — — — — 66.7% 46.3% 48.8% 54.2% 47.3% 47.27%
EBITDA 3Y — — 55.2% 1.4% — 2.4% 2.0% 20.0% 10.4% 16.4% 38.0% 55.3% 42.4% 55.2% 43.3% 42.7% 48.1% 49.6% 53.6% 89.6% 89.64%
EBITDA 5Y — — 33.4% 19.9% 9.3% 26.7% — — — — 38.7% 94.2% — 1.7% 1.4% 59.5% 42.9% 44.0% 47.8% 43.2% 43.22%
Gross Profit 3Y — — 54.2% 1.2% — 1.5% 1.2% 17.3% 9.2% 10.7% 31.2% 49.2% 38.4% 51.9% 40.8% 39.4% 44.2% 45.8% 35.8% 49.7% 49.73%
Gross Profit 5Y — — 34.7% 20.9% 10.4% 24.6% — — — — 35.9% 82.0% — 1.2% 97.8% 53.1% 39.3% 40.1% 35.5% 24.8% 24.85%
Op. Income 3Y — — 55.8% 1.4% — 2.6% 3.3% 89.6% 32.2% 35.9% 59.9% 53.9% 41.1% 55.4% 43.5% 41.8% 47.2% 48.9% 53.0% 90.1% 90.06%
Op. Income 5Y — — 33.4% 20.0% 9.4% 27.0% — — — — 37.4% 95.0% — 1.7% 2.0% 1.1% 58.7% 60.7% 62.9% 43.6% 43.57%
FCF 3Y -13.1% -14.3% -42.8% 20.0% — 46.4% 14.6% 22.5% 14.5% -10.2% 8.4% -56.4% — -19.5% 41.9% 13.7% 19.7% 20.1% 5.6% -5.7% -5.72%
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — 15.6% -4.2% -11.8% -7.7% -27.1% — 4.6% -12.5% 7.0% 13.8% 14.2% 28.4% 2.4% 2.36%
OCF 3Y -13.2% -14.4% -42.7% 19.4% — 45.8% 14.7% 22.7% 14.7% -9.9% 8.5% -56.2% — -19.5% 41.4% 13.7% 19.7% 20.4% 5.9% -5.3% -5.30%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — 15.4% -4.2% -11.8% -7.7% -27.2% — 4.3% -12.4% 7.1% 13.9% 14.5% 28.7% 2.7% 2.72%
Assets 3Y 4.7% 5.2% 14.2% 19.7% 26.4% 26.5% 29.7% 25.0% 30.3% 28.1% 35.8% 35.9% 33.9% 38.5% 39.8% 39.9% 40.6% 44.0% 47.3% 55.8% 55.83%
Assets 5Y — — 1.6% 2.5% 4.2% 12.1% 10.7% 7.6% 11.9% 12.4% 20.7% 24.8% 30.3% 32.8% 35.8% 37.6% 39.1% 39.6% 43.2% 42.3% 42.31%
Equity 3Y 18.9% 20.2% 31.1% 38.8% 43.1% 39.2% 40.4% 32.9% 36.6% 34.0% 42.6% 42.0% 38.8% 42.4% 42.4% 42.1% 42.6% 46.0% 49.3% 58.6% 58.63%
Book Value 3Y 16.3% 19.7% 30.5% 37.7% 42.0% 38.0% 39.3% 32.0% 36.2% 33.8% 42.0% 41.6% 38.8% 42.4% 42.5% 42.2% 42.8% 46.2% 35.4% 56.1% 56.06%
Dividend 3Y 12.2% 54.3% 44.1% 69.6% 67.2% 4.8% 4.0% -27.6% -29.6% -18.9% -19.1% 0.0% 6.6% 7.6% 10.5% 12.3% 10.3% 10.3% 0.1% 8.9% 8.88%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.98 0.96 0.54 0.47 0.28 0.65 0.93 0.70 0.75 0.77 0.95 0.66 0.76 0.66 0.82 0.75 0.75 0.72 0.82 0.57 0.568
Earnings Stability 0.21 0.59 0.53 0.50 0.41 0.74 0.90 0.75 0.80 0.81 0.89 0.72 0.76 0.68 0.84 0.78 0.78 0.76 0.86 0.86 0.863
Margin Stability — 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.993
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.91 0.93 1.00 0.50 0.89 0.91 0.90 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.83 0.85 0.99 0.88 0.91 0.908
Earnings Smoothness 0.48 0.38 0.20 0.33 0.79 0.85 0.99 0.31 0.69 0.73 0.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.64 0.69 0.97 0.74 0.79 0.795
ROE Trend 0.34 0.27 0.31 0.16 -0.04 -0.02 -0.05 -0.19 -0.16 -0.14 -0.08 0.15 0.15 0.23 0.12 0.09 0.06 -0.01 -0.01 -0.10 -0.105
Gross Margin Trend — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.00 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.007
FCF Margin Trend — -0.63 -1.47 -0.33 -0.11 -0.06 0.24 0.33 0.15 -0.03 -0.08 -0.39 -0.35 -0.21 -0.21 -0.23 -0.07 0.02 0.09 0.11 0.108
Sustainable Growth Rate 41.4% 25.2% 33.0% 19.7% 12.6% 20.4% 20.1% 9.9% 16.2% 16.0% 28.5% 50.1% 48.3% 59.3% 48.3% 44.8% 42.1% 37.2% 39.6% 35.0% 34.98%
Internal Growth Rate 49.4% 26.4% 38.3% 20.1% 12.2% 22.1% 22.0% 9.8% 16.9% 16.8% 35.0% 84.1% 77.3% 1.2% 80.0% 70.9% 64.3% 54.2% 59.5% 49.4% 49.44%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.35 0.26 0.05 0.19 0.26 0.30 0.41 0.74 0.48 0.25 0.14 0.01 -0.02 0.04 0.05 0.10 0.14 0.16 0.13 0.09 0.088
FCF/OCF 1.00 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.01 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.981
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.086
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.093
CapEx/Revenue 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.3% 0.30%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 5.667
Accruals Ratio 0.26 0.29 0.44 0.36 0.27 0.25 0.20 0.05 0.11 0.16 0.28 0.52 0.51 0.59 0.48 0.43 0.38 0.34 0.37 0.35 0.349
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.010
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.647
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.250
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.31%
Dividend/Share $0.42 $1.14 $1.19 $1.92 $1.98 $1.34 $1.36 $0.74 $0.70 $0.72 $0.73 $0.75 $0.85 $0.90 $0.99 $1.06 $1.13 $1.20 $0.99 $1.37 $0.84
Payout Ratio 18.1% 47.6% 40.7% 62.3% 70.3% 48.3% 47.1% 49.5% 33.9% 33.9% 20.2% 12.4% 12.9% 10.2% 11.9% 12.2% 12.6% 13.1% 12.3% 13.5% 13.46%
FCF Payout Ratio 51.3% 1.8% 8.3% 3.4% 2.7% 1.6% 1.1% 67.6% 70.3% 1.4% 1.4% 11.0% — 2.8% 2.4% 1.3% 89.6% 84.7% 94.8% 1.6% 1.56%
Total Payout Ratio 18.1% 47.6% 40.7% 62.3% 70.3% 49.4% 48.8% 55.6% 38.3% 36.7% 21.4% 13.3% 14.2% 11.2% 12.9% 12.6% 12.6% 13.1% 12.4% 13.6% 13.60%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 0.99 1.00 0.99 1.01 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.98 1.01 1.03 1.02 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.04 1.02 1.03 1.01 0.99 0.99 1.04 1.05 1.053
EBIT Margin 0.91 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.92 0.86 0.90 0.90 0.94 0.96 0.92 0.94 0.94 0.96 0.99 0.99 1.33 1.76 1.761
Asset Turnover 0.45 0.43 0.49 0.48 0.40 0.38 0.37 0.20 0.24 0.24 0.35 0.55 0.52 0.63 0.52 0.49 0.46 0.42 0.31 0.21 0.206
Equity Multiplier 1.25 1.21 1.19 1.17 1.15 1.12 1.11 1.11 1.12 1.12 1.10 1.10 1.11 1.08 1.09 1.08 1.08 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.057
Per Share
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $2.30 $2.40 $2.92 $3.08 $2.81 $2.78 $2.89 $1.50 $2.07 $2.14 $3.62 $6.05 $6.61 $8.88 $8.34 $8.69 $8.99 $9.17 $8.06 $10.15 $10.15
Book Value/Share $5.52 $6.04 $6.53 $7.24 $7.77 $8.13 $8.74 $8.00 $9.06 $9.46 $11.54 $13.16 $14.77 $17.43 $18.88 $20.85 $22.62 $25.43 $21.71 $30.42 $30.34
Tangible Book/Share $5.52 $6.04 $6.52 $7.23 $7.76 $8.12 $8.73 $7.99 $9.05 $9.46 $11.53 $13.15 $14.76 $17.42 $18.88 $20.84 $22.62 $25.43 $21.71 $30.42 $30.42
Revenue/Share $2.57 $2.60 $3.06 $3.30 $3.06 $3.02 $3.13 $1.74 $2.31 $2.39 $3.90 $6.34 $6.87 $9.22 $8.66 $9.02 $9.27 $9.43 $5.83 $5.48 $5.48
FCF/Share $0.81 $0.63 $0.14 $0.57 $0.73 $0.82 $1.19 $1.10 $1.00 $0.53 $0.51 $0.07 $-0.12 $0.33 $0.41 $0.84 $1.26 $1.42 $1.04 $0.88 $0.14
OCF/Share $0.81 $0.63 $0.14 $0.57 $0.74 $0.82 $1.19 $1.11 $1.00 $0.54 $0.51 $0.07 $-0.12 $0.33 $0.41 $0.85 $1.27 $1.44 $1.06 $0.89 $0.14
Cash/Share $0.96 $0.96 $0.35 $1.00 $1.05 $1.01 $0.58 $0.80 $0.58 $0.22 $0.04 $0.22 $0.04 $0.17 $0.04 $0.37 $0.38 $0.43 $0.31 $0.63 $0.62
EBITDA/Share $2.36 $2.39 $2.83 $3.06 $2.80 $2.76 $2.87 $1.49 $2.06 $2.37 $3.89 $6.30 $6.82 $8.93 $8.36 $8.90 $9.13 $9.30 $7.78 $9.65 $9.65
Debt/Share $0.88 $0.59 $0.59 $0.59 $0.59 $0.59 $0.62 $0.61 $1.03 $1.02 $1.02 $1.03 $1.18 $0.81 $1.27 $1.29 $1.28 $1.28 $0.97 $1.24 $1.24
Net Debt/Share $-0.08 $-0.37 $0.24 $-0.41 $-0.46 $-0.42 $0.03 $-0.18 $0.45 $0.80 $0.99 $0.81 $1.14 $0.64 $1.23 $0.92 $0.90 $0.85 $0.65 $0.62 $0.62
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 5 6 5 6 6 6 4 5 4 3 6 4 5 7 7 8 7 4 6 4 4
Beneish M-Score 0.26 -1.89 1.08 0.73 -2.31 1.42 -2.08 — 1.11 -2.25 3.82 — -0.90 3.14 0.47 -0.75 1.57 -1.16 -1.79 1.83 1.826
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -12.882
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 13.72%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-0.78
EVA snapshot only $6683989409.93
Credit
Metric Trend Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AA-
Credit Score 80.25 80.25 78.90 80.25 80.25 80.25 80.25 80.25 80.25 79.65 76.50 69.00 60.30 79.65 75.90 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.75 82.750
Credit Grade snapshot only 4
Credit Trend snapshot only 0.000
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 100.000

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