— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: VPK.AS (AMS) · $vol 6M · VOPKY (OTC) · $vol 0M

VOPKF OTC

Koninklijke Vopak N.V.
1W: +3.4% 1M: +1.2% 3M: +9.6% YTD: +26.7% 1Y: +22.6% 3Y: +73.8% 5Y: +58.9%
$55.35
+0.00 (+0.00%)
 
OTC · Energy · Oil & Gas Midstream · Tech Score Buy · Power 66 · $6.3B mcap · 56M float · 0.010% daily turnover · Short 91% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 0Hold: 1Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A-
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
4
ROA
5
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
3
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. VOPKF receives an overall rating of A-. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (5/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 B+ A-
2026-08-18 A- B+
2026-08-13 B+ A-
2026-08-04 A- B+
2026-07-15 A A-
2026-06-29 None ADDED
2026-06-13 EXISTED None
2026-06-01 None ADDED
2026-06-01 EXISTED None
2026-05-26 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A+
Profitability
81
Balance Sheet
49
Earnings Quality
68
Growth
47
Value
—
Momentum
75
Safety
—
Cash Flow
74

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.65
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-8.38
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB+
Score: 63.8/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 1.70x
Accruals: -9.7%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. VOPKF scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. VOPKF's score of -2.65 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. VOPKF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. VOPKF receives an estimated rating of BBB+ (score: 63.8/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). VOPKF's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
11.68x
PEG
-48.26x
P/S
4.17x
P/B
1.68x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$73.28
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 11.7x earnings, VOPKF trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $73.28 per share, suggesting a potential 32% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.804
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.240
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.363
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.384
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.160
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
30.0%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. VOPKF's ROE of 30.0% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.384), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
5.99%
Fair P/E
20.48x
Intrinsic Value
$170.69
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with VOPKF's realized 6.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. VOPKF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $170.69, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 20.5x compares to the current market P/E of 11.7x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$55.35
Median 1Y
$55.88
5th Pctile
$33.37
95th Pctile
$93.62
Ann. Volatility
29.0%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 39.3% 38.1% 34.3% 22.3% 19.3% 21.0% 29.9% 32.5% 30.9% 27.2% 16.5% -0.6% 1.5% 6.4% 9.0% 28.3% 27.3% 31.0% 30.2% 30.0% 29.99%
ROA 14.9% 15.2% 14.5% 9.9% 8.8% 9.1% 14.4% 15.1% 14.5% 11.5% 7.7% -0.3% 0.7% 2.8% 4.2% 12.3% 12.0% 13.7% 14.2% 13.9% 13.88%
ROIC 17.5% 17.5% 18.3% 15.5% 14.2% 12.3% 11.7% 11.6% 10.6% 9.2% 7.7% -1.1% -8.9% -1.9% 7.7% 15.5% 12.9% 17.1% 12.2% 11.5% 11.51%
ROCE 17.7% 17.9% 17.7% 16.1% 15.0% 13.8% 12.9% 12.4% 11.5% 10.6% 10.2% 2.8% 3.5% 4.6% 5.4% 14.8% 17.7% 16.8% 14.6% 15.3% 15.34%
Gross Margin 91.5% 1.0% 90.3% 1.0% 90.7% 28.9% 23.3% 25.1% 25.2% 24.0% 19.7% 22.2% 23.7% 29.0% 22.9% 28.3% 93.5% 1.0% -4.2% 29.1% 29.08%
Operating Margin 30.5% 29.1% 29.0% 26.7% 29.3% 33.5% 26.8% 27.2% 27.8% 26.5% 23.9% 25.1% 26.4% 31.8% 44.4% 49.6% 3.5% 67.2% 21.5% 31.4% 31.37%
Net Margin 22.1% 22.0% 13.5% 21.9% 18.4% 29.7% 62.3% 33.5% 17.2% 13.2% 21.6% -50.7% 23.7% 31.1% 32.9% 32.5% 24.7% 48.9% 44.1% 27.5% 27.53%
EBITDA Margin 49.3% 49.3% 48.7% 48.1% 48.5% 56.6% 50.1% 51.9% 51.1% 53.2% 51.9% 50.7% 51.0% 54.3% 42.8% 52.2% 88.3% 51.2% 45.9% 56.0% 55.96%
FCF Margin 29.6% 31.0% 27.6% 25.2% 18.8% 11.6% 2.9% -0.7% -1.4% -3.4% 4.7% 8.8% 16.1% 23.7% 23.7% 31.9% 32.9% 38.9% 41.1% 35.1% 35.15%
OCF Margin 53.8% 53.1% 51.9% 52.1% 50.7% 50.4% 47.6% 49.8% 50.6% 48.2% 53.2% 49.4% 51.1% 55.3% 52.4% 59.8% 60.3% 64.9% 67.1% 61.4% 61.40%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 18.52%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 21.28%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 8.59%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 7.99%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 11.42%
Cash ROA snapshot only 22.88%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 26.51%
CROIC snapshot only 15.18%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 26.65%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 44.97%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 12.86%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.17%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 11.684
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.166
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.678
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Graham Number snapshot only $73.28
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.07 1.04 0.82 0.80 0.69 1.00 0.61 0.60 0.46 0.47 0.59 0.52 0.45 0.48 0.96 0.45 0.61 0.77 0.90 0.59 0.586
Quick Ratio 1.00 1.04 0.82 0.80 0.69 1.00 0.61 0.60 0.46 0.47 0.59 0.52 0.45 0.48 0.96 0.45 0.61 0.77 0.90 0.59 0.586
Debt/Equity 0.88 0.79 0.67 0.70 0.71 1.03 0.80 0.88 0.90 1.00 0.94 1.16 1.03 0.98 0.77 0.87 0.89 0.95 1.04 0.89 0.894
Net Debt/Equity 0.75 0.72 0.62 0.66 0.68 0.99 0.77 0.83 0.87 0.98 0.92 1.13 1.02 0.95 0.71 0.83 0.86 0.92 1.00 0.86 0.864
Debt/Assets 0.38 0.36 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.42 0.38 0.40 0.41 0.44 0.42 0.47 0.44 0.43 0.37 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.48 0.41 0.414
Debt/EBITDA 1.51 1.41 1.25 1.38 1.52 2.11 1.90 2.03 2.07 2.41 2.38 2.54 2.30 2.07 1.79 1.91 1.71 1.82 2.17 1.84 1.838
Net Debt/EBITDA 1.29 1.29 1.15 1.30 1.45 2.04 1.82 1.91 2.02 2.36 2.33 2.49 2.28 2.02 1.65 1.85 1.65 1.75 2.11 1.78 1.776
Interest Coverage — — — — — 15.58 7.21 4.82 3.47 3.18 3.06 0.75 0.86 1.06 1.22 3.19 4.02 4.13 3.70 3.53 3.528
Equity Multiplier 2.33 2.18 2.06 2.09 2.06 2.44 2.09 2.19 2.20 2.28 2.22 2.46 2.34 2.28 2.06 2.16 2.20 2.25 2.18 2.16 2.160
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.117
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 5.882
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.034
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.316
Defensive Interval snapshot only 420.7 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.50 0.51 0.50 0.50 0.47 0.43 0.44 0.42 0.41 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.38 0.38 0.384
Inventory Turnover 6.34 — 12.45 — 6.77 — 729.04 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 24.36 10.80 25.67 10.20 24.65 11.27 22.79 8.36 24.11 8.91 21.89 7.09 22.59 9.23 24.39 8.33 21.05 9.41 20.23 8.57 8.568
Payables Turnover 2.39 0.36 2.77 0.39 3.03 1.86 22.60 4.16 41.21 5.46 33.31 5.78 31.33 6.90 30.94 6.75 15.55 3.58 14.97 3.88 3.880
DSO 15 34 14 36 15 32 16 44 15 41 17 51 16 40 15 44 17 39 18 43 42.6 days
DIO 58 0 29 0 54 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 153 1018 132 938 121 197 16 88 9 67 11 63 12 53 12 54 23 102 24 94 94.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -80 -984 -88 -902 -52 -164 0 -44 6 -26 6 -12 5 -13 3 -10 -6 -63 -6 -51 -51.5 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 0.667
Cash Velocity snapshot only 26.646
Capital Intensity snapshot only 2.684
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 4.3% 1.8% -2.5% -5.5% -6.4% -6.7% -5.8% -5.3% -5.3% -5.6% -3.9% 0.5% 6.2% 12.8% 15.5% 11.8% 5.6% -1.5% -6.4% -5.3% -5.30%
Net Income 45.8% 52.1% 45.4% -33.7% -40.0% -35.3% 7.3% 69.6% 78.0% 43.2% -37.6% -1.0% -94.7% -75.0% -44.2% 47.2% 17.2% 3.9% 2.4% 14.1% 14.08%
EPS 45.7% 52.2% 45.5% -33.8% -40.0% -35.4% 6.9% 71.3% 81.3% 45.9% -36.4% -1.0% -94.7% -75.0% -44.4% 47.9% 17.8% 4.2% 2.8% 23.2% 23.21%
FCF 1.3% 76.7% 11.7% -13.6% -40.5% -65.0% -90.1% -1.0% -1.1% -1.3% 56.7% 13.0% 13.3% 8.8% 4.8% 3.0% 1.2% 61.9% 62.7% 4.3% 4.27%
EBITDA 42.3% 3.1% -2.4% -9.4% -9.9% -6.3% -4.2% 0.5% 2.1% -3.6% -1.7% 0.3% 4.5% 13.8% 10.4% 8.2% 20.8% 10.6% 12.1% 14.3% 14.33%
Op. Income 2.7% -1.0% -8.1% -17.5% -17.2% -12.2% -10.4% -4.0% -4.2% -13.8% -13.2% -11.5% -6.2% 12.4% 40.8% 64.0% 34.5% 50.2% 3.2% -22.9% -22.89%
OCF Growth snapshot only -2.82%
Asset Growth snapshot only 6.28%
Equity Growth snapshot only 6.31%
Debt Growth snapshot only 9.79%
Shares Change snapshot only -7.42%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 21.81%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — 56.8% 24.4% 8.3% -2.6% -3.6% -4.1% -3.5% -2.0% -0.2% 1.5% 2.1% 2.0% 1.6% 1.3% 2.1% 2.07%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 32.6% 16.4% 7.3% 0.7% -0.1% -0.9% -1.0% -0.99%
EPS 3Y — — — — — 48.4% 38.0% 26.7% 16.6% 12.8% -0.4% — -61.5% -38.2% -27.7% 18.3% 21.5% 24.0% 9.9% 6.0% 5.99%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.6% -1.5% 14.5% 9.4% 13.4% 15.6% 6.2% 6.19%
Net Income 3Y — — — — — 48.5% 38.2% 26.4% 15.9% 12.1% -0.9% — -61.7% -38.6% -28.0% 17.0% 19.3% 20.3% 5.9% 2.5% 2.49%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.2% -1.7% 13.8% 8.2% 11.4% 13.1% 3.9% 3.88%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — 59.8% 26.8% 9.4% -2.4% -2.8% -3.0% -1.3% 0.9% 1.3% 2.9% 8.8% 6.7% 6.7% 7.4% 7.45%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 34.7% 17.2% 10.6% 3.2% 2.6% 2.5% 2.46%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — 43.9% 6.9% -17.9% -37.2% -38.9% -40.0% -40.3% -39.6% -37.3% -35.5% -33.9% -21.8% -6.4% -2.3% 11.0% 10.96%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — -0.4% -11.4% -17.6% -14.3% -8.9% -11.5% -11.5% -11.55%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — 50.0% 19.3% 4.7% -6.6% -9.2% -10.6% -11.2% -9.4% -5.3% 3.1% 11.7% 6.5% 13.3% 8.1% 3.8% 3.84%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 26.8% 15.7% 10.7% 0.6% 4.8% 0.8% -2.4% -2.38%
FCF 3Y — — — — — 1.2% -16.4% — — — -44.3% -33.9% -20.0% -8.8% -3.6% 10.4% 22.9% 51.9% 1.5% — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 85.5% 39.6% 32.6% 20.3% 16.7% 10.2% 4.0% 3.96%
OCF 3Y — — — — — 64.2% 21.9% 7.2% -4.0% -7.0% -5.2% -6.4% -3.7% 1.1% 1.8% 6.9% 8.1% 10.6% 13.6% 9.4% 9.43%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 39.0% 17.2% 10.7% 3.4% 3.8% 3.1% 1.6% 1.56%
Assets 3Y — — — — — 10.4% 9.7% 8.7% 6.4% 7.3% 8.8% 9.6% 7.8% 8.8% 9.2% 8.4% 7.2% 1.3% 3.7% 3.0% 3.00%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 7.5% 6.6% 5.7% 4.7% 4.0% 5.3% 6.0% 5.99%
Equity 3Y — — — — — 15.6% 19.0% 18.6% 19.0% 16.5% 16.6% 8.9% 7.5% 7.2% 9.1% 7.2% 4.9% 4.1% 2.3% 3.5% 3.50%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — 15.5% 18.8% 18.9% 19.7% 17.2% 17.3% 9.6% 8.2% 7.8% 9.6% 8.4% 6.9% 7.3% 6.2% 7.0% 7.04%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — 1.5% 1.5% 2.5% 2.9% 3.3% 3.2% 3.0% 3.0% 3.2% 3.0% 5.3% 6.0% 8.1% 8.8% 7.6% 7.65%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability — 0.77 0.71 0.58 0.13 0.54 0.47 0.27 0.59 0.80 0.98 0.86 0.39 0.62 0.67 0.73 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.008
Earnings Stability — 0.99 1.00 0.05 0.04 0.44 0.95 0.43 0.18 0.53 0.28 0.13 0.22 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.016
Margin Stability — 0.98 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.89 0.80 0.68 0.55 0.54 0.50 0.42 0.31 0.41 0.40 0.35 0.35 0.43 0.42 0.39 0.388
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence — 0.50 0.82 0.87 0.84 0.86 0.97 0.50 0.50 0.83 0.85 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.82 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness 0.63 0.59 0.63 0.59 0.50 0.57 0.93 0.48 0.44 0.64 0.54 — 0.00 0.00 0.43 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.87 0.869
ROE Trend — 0.15 0.09 -0.10 -0.15 -0.11 -0.02 0.02 0.03 -0.01 -0.13 -0.26 -0.22 -0.17 -0.13 0.12 0.11 0.15 0.17 0.16 0.159
Gross Margin Trend — -0.02 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.19 -0.35 -0.53 -0.70 -0.62 -0.55 -0.46 -0.38 -0.27 -0.18 -0.07 0.19 0.36 0.31 0.30 0.303
FCF Margin Trend — 0.20 0.11 0.06 -0.03 -0.13 -0.23 -0.27 -0.26 -0.25 -0.11 -0.03 0.07 0.20 0.20 0.28 0.26 0.29 0.27 0.15 0.148
Sustainable Growth Rate 27.4% 26.0% 22.6% 10.8% 8.7% 10.1% 19.9% 21.9% 20.7% 16.6% 7.0% — -8.8% -4.3% -1.0% 16.5% 15.9% 18.7% 18.8% 17.7% 17.69%
Internal Growth Rate 11.6% 11.6% 10.6% 5.1% 4.2% 4.6% 10.6% 11.4% 10.8% 7.6% 3.4% — — — — 7.7% 7.6% 9.0% 9.7% 8.9% 8.92%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.82 1.76 1.80 2.61 2.67 2.42 1.45 1.39 1.42 1.52 2.50 -67.93 28.93 7.88 5.09 1.99 1.99 1.87 1.79 1.70 1.698
FCF/OCF 0.55 0.58 0.53 0.48 0.37 0.23 0.06 -0.01 -0.03 -0.07 0.09 0.18 0.32 0.43 0.45 0.53 0.55 0.60 0.61 0.57 0.572
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.972
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 1.016
CapEx/Revenue 24.2% 22.1% 24.2% 26.9% 31.9% 38.8% 44.7% 50.6% 52.0% 51.6% 48.4% 40.5% 34.9% 31.7% 28.7% 27.9% 27.4% 26.0% 26.0% 26.2% 26.25%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.085
Accruals Ratio -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.16 -0.15 -0.13 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.11 -0.19 -0.19 -0.19 -0.17 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.11 -0.10 -0.097
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.063
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.495
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 5.23%
Dividend/Share $1.92 $2.05 $2.05 $2.10 $2.10 $2.15 $2.14 $2.27 $2.29 $2.37 $2.36 $2.45 $2.45 $2.55 $2.54 $2.81 $2.87 $3.16 $3.22 $3.42 $2.52
Payout Ratio 30.1% 31.8% 34.0% 51.3% 54.7% 51.6% 33.3% 32.4% 32.9% 39.0% 57.6% — 6.7% 1.7% 1.1% 41.5% 41.7% 39.8% 37.6% 41.0% 41.01%
FCF Payout Ratio 30.1% 30.9% 35.4% 40.6% 55.2% 92.6% 3.8% — — — 2.6% 1.4% 73.5% 49.8% 48.4% 39.0% 38.4% 35.5% 34.3% 42.2% 42.18%
Total Payout Ratio 30.9% 32.8% 34.7% 51.6% 55.0% 52.1% 33.6% 38.9% 45.6% 53.2% 79.1% — 6.8% 1.7% 1.2% 65.6% 80.0% 83.6% 79.5% 67.8% 67.85%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.74 0.77 0.81 0.74 0.75 0.86 0.97 1.10 1.09 1.01 1.00 -1.32 0.51 1.10 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.82 0.81 0.80 0.804
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.23 1.24 1.17 0.93 0.88 0.84 1.22 1.17 1.22 1.22 0.83 0.08 0.43 0.63 1.02 1.15 0.92 1.11 1.27 1.24 1.240
EBIT Margin 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.30 0.38 0.38 0.37 0.36 0.363
Asset Turnover 0.50 0.51 0.50 0.50 0.47 0.43 0.44 0.42 0.41 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.38 0.38 0.384
Equity Multiplier 2.64 2.50 2.36 2.24 2.18 2.31 2.08 2.14 2.13 2.36 2.16 2.32 2.27 2.28 2.14 2.31 2.27 2.26 2.12 2.16 2.160
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $6.39 $6.44 $6.03 $4.09 $3.83 $4.16 $6.44 $7.00 $6.95 $6.07 $4.10 $-0.14 $0.37 $1.52 $2.28 $6.76 $6.88 $7.93 $8.54 $8.33 $8.33
Book Value/Share $18.78 $19.10 $19.42 $19.58 $21.00 $20.61 $23.79 $23.36 $23.62 $23.70 $25.36 $22.56 $23.80 $23.94 $25.56 $24.94 $25.62 $25.45 $28.47 $28.64 $29.82
Tangible Book/Share $17.64 $17.96 $18.26 $18.39 $19.78 $19.38 $22.50 $22.01 $22.24 $22.50 $24.48 $21.66 $22.92 $23.08 $24.75 $24.11 $24.77 $24.51 $27.54 $27.72 $27.72
Revenue/Share $21.58 $21.38 $20.92 $20.48 $20.20 $19.93 $19.64 $19.60 $19.48 $19.17 $19.23 $19.86 $20.69 $21.64 $22.15 $22.54 $22.68 $22.89 $22.80 $23.05 $11.58
FCF/Share $6.39 $6.63 $5.78 $5.16 $3.80 $2.32 $0.57 $-0.14 $-0.27 $-0.65 $0.91 $1.76 $3.33 $5.12 $5.24 $7.19 $7.46 $8.91 $9.37 $8.10 $3.55
OCF/Share $11.62 $11.36 $10.85 $10.67 $10.24 $10.05 $9.34 $9.76 $9.86 $9.25 $10.22 $9.80 $10.56 $11.97 $11.60 $13.48 $13.67 $14.87 $15.30 $14.15 $6.60
Cash/Share $2.40 $1.31 $1.02 $0.77 $0.61 $0.72 $0.74 $1.19 $0.54 $0.47 $0.58 $0.57 $0.27 $0.65 $1.56 $0.78 $0.78 $0.85 $0.87 $0.87 $0.87
EBITDA/Share $10.91 $10.75 $10.46 $10.00 $9.83 $10.07 $9.99 $10.15 $10.23 $9.89 $10.00 $10.27 $10.69 $11.25 $11.01 $11.28 $13.39 $13.37 $13.57 $13.93 $13.93
Debt/Share $16.52 $15.15 $13.03 $13.77 $14.89 $21.22 $18.97 $20.56 $21.20 $23.81 $23.85 $26.13 $24.59 $23.35 $19.69 $21.60 $22.88 $24.30 $29.48 $25.61 $25.61
Net Debt/Share $14.12 $13.84 $12.01 $13.00 $14.29 $20.49 $18.23 $19.37 $20.65 $23.34 $23.26 $25.56 $24.33 $22.70 $18.13 $20.81 $22.10 $23.44 $28.62 $24.74 $24.74
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 7 8 7 4 4 3 3 5 5 5 4 3 4 8 7 8 9 8 5 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.35 -3.25 -3.26 -3.25 -2.93 -1.60 -1.06 -0.79 -1.14 -2.31 -2.93 -3.01 -3.56 -3.39 -3.62 -3.29 -1.89 -3.29 -4.54 -2.65 -2.647
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -8.384
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 26.53%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-27.75
EVA snapshot only $92053858.53
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB+
Credit Score 73.10 73.10 73.10 73.10 64.70 66.55 58.90 50.25 49.05 48.45 51.15 38.70 40.50 43.90 49.15 64.35 63.75 64.35 62.25 63.75 63.750
Credit Grade snapshot only 8
Credit Trend snapshot only -0.600
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 225.000

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