— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: VSTTILLERS.NS (NSE) · $vol 0M

VSTTILLERS.BO BSE

V.S.T. Tillers Tractors Limited
1W: -4.4% 1M: +3.9% 3M: -5.2% YTD: -25.8% 1Y: -16.6% 3Y: +23.6% 5Y: +59.8%
₹4,340.00 ($45.07)
-28.30 (-0.65%)
 
BSE · Industrials · Agricultural - Machinery · Tech Score Buy · Power 62 · ₹37.5B mcap · 4M float · 0.014% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

C
Oct 01, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
1
ROA
1
D/E
1
P/E
2
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. VSTTILLERS.BO receives an overall rating of C. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5). Areas of concern: ROE (1/5), ROA (1/5), D/E (1/5), P/E (2/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-09-03 C- C
2026-08-17 B+ C-
2026-07-01 A- B+
2026-05-21 C- A-
2026-02-09 C+ C-

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 69 Grade A
Profitability
31
Balance Sheet
95
Earnings Quality
82
Growth
67
Value
50
Momentum
92
Safety
100
Cash Flow
75
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. VSTTILLERS.BO scores highest in Safety (100/100) and lowest in Profitability (31/100). An overall grade of A places VSTTILLERS.BO among the highest-quality companies in its peer group.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
12.87
Safe Zone
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.65
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-11.81
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
AAA
Score: 97.8/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.28x
Accruals: -2.2%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. VSTTILLERS.BO scores 12.87, placing it in the Safe Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Bankruptcy is statistically unlikely within the next two years. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. VSTTILLERS.BO scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. VSTTILLERS.BO's score of -2.65 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. VSTTILLERS.BO's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. VSTTILLERS.BO receives an estimated rating of AAA (score: 97.8/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). VSTTILLERS.BO's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
34.13x
PEG
-6.69x
P/S
2.93x
P/B
3.40x
P/FCF
40.44x
P/OCF
31.14x
EV/EBITDA
20.72x
EV/Revenue
2.83x
EV/EBIT
24.39x
EV/FCF
34.02x
Earnings Yield
2.51%
FCF Yield
2.47%
Shareholder Yield
0.73%
Graham Number
$1848.50
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 34.1x earnings, VSTTILLERS.BO commands a growth premium. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $1848.50 per share, 135% below the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.740
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.985
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.116
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.951
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.245
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
10.0%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. VSTTILLERS.BO's ROE of 10.0% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.951), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$4641.63
Price/Value
1.03x
Margin of Safety
-3.42%
Premium
3.42%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with VSTTILLERS.BO's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. VSTTILLERS.BO actually compounded EPS at 15.6% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. VSTTILLERS.BO trades at a 3% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $4641.63, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 34.1x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$4340.65
Median 1Y
$4999.33
5th Pctile
$2508.92
95th Pctile
$10002.51
Ann. Volatility
38.5%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
ROE 15.7% 15.0% 13.5% 14.0% 12.0% 10.3% 10.1% 8.6% 11.5% 12.7% 12.4% 13.9% 12.6% 12.9% 11.2% 9.7% 11.9% 9.3% 12.2% 10.0% 9.99%
ROA 12.1% 11.3% 10.2% 10.7% 9.2% 7.9% 7.7% 6.6% 8.8% 9.9% 9.7% 10.7% 9.8% 10.3% 9.0% 7.6% 9.4% 7.4% 9.7% 8.0% 8.03%
ROIC 18.9% 15.4% 14.9% 18.8% 18.4% 14.7% 15.2% 17.2% 22.0% 19.7% 16.7% 22.8% 16.6% 11.4% 12.8% 20.7% 24.8% 24.6% 28.5% 24.1% 24.07%
ROCE 18.7% 18.0% 16.5% 16.8% 14.5% 13.0% 12.5% 14.3% 17.8% 18.6% 18.1% 16.1% 14.6% 14.4% 12.8% 11.7% 14.4% 11.7% 15.1% 12.5% 12.46%
Gross Margin 30.8% 34.1% 32.3% 27.2% 27.4% 29.1% 31.1% 25.6% 31.6% 32.7% 30.9% 22.4% 15.3% 20.7% 30.7% 30.7% 32.4% 30.8% 19.4% 21.6% 21.59%
Operating Margin 10.1% 13.9% 11.5% 10.7% 7.3% 14.5% 11.9% 5.8% 17.5% 18.0% 1.6% 12.1% 3.7% 11.1% 6.0% 22.5% 11.0% 10.9% 10.9% 12.3% 12.35%
Net Margin 12.4% 13.8% 10.1% 10.3% 4.3% 9.7% 9.1% 4.1% 13.4% 13.1% 9.9% 12.7% 11.8% 15.8% 0.6% 8.1% 15.7% 7.9% 9.7% 1.5% 1.55%
EBITDA Margin 19.2% 21.0% 17.0% 17.1% 8.2% 17.3% 15.2% 16.1% 20.2% 20.5% 16.3% 18.4% 18.2% 22.7% 4.8% 13.4% 22.3% 13.7% 15.2% 4.7% 4.69%
FCF Margin 10.1% 12.7% 15.3% 14.0% 12.4% 11.6% 9.5% 6.1% 5.1% 4.0% 4.1% 5.3% 5.3% 4.8% 4.3% 4.5% 4.5% 7.8% 7.5% 8.3% 8.31%
OCF Margin 14.0% 16.3% 18.7% 17.3% 15.6% 14.8% 11.9% 8.1% 6.3% 4.5% 4.7% 5.5% 5.7% 5.5% 5.0% 5.6% 5.8% 10.1% 9.9% 10.8% 10.80%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 10.65%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 10.68%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 8.50%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 26.28%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 9.70%
Cash ROA snapshot only 9.96%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 31.03%
CROIC snapshot only 23.89%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 8.37%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 11.41%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 9.12%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.32%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio 17.41 22.76 25.78 20.36 25.01 25.19 25.18 28.84 26.77 30.19 31.84 22.99 32.40 33.62 44.09 35.96 27.72 46.14 43.83 39.82 34.130
P/S Ratio 2.10 2.77 2.81 2.38 2.39 2.14 2.08 1.84 2.27 2.83 3.03 2.87 3.93 4.36 4.71 3.36 2.93 3.92 4.48 3.36 2.927
P/B Ratio 2.55 3.22 3.29 2.70 2.85 2.50 2.45 2.36 2.93 3.60 3.71 3.01 3.88 4.10 4.67 3.34 3.17 4.14 5.15 3.81 3.400
P/FCF 20.86 21.86 18.38 17.03 19.24 18.54 21.85 29.96 44.49 70.97 73.88 54.59 74.74 89.88 110.51 74.39 65.34 50.41 60.01 40.44 40.441
P/OCF 14.99 16.96 15.02 13.74 15.30 14.50 17.45 22.77 35.76 62.42 64.88 52.68 69.38 79.90 93.68 60.13 50.82 38.78 45.34 31.14 31.139
EV/EBITDA 9.59 13.49 14.66 10.54 12.69 12.38 12.36 10.09 11.00 14.08 14.89 12.46 18.28 20.05 25.71 18.61 14.73 23.98 24.83 20.72 20.718
EV/Revenue 1.75 2.48 2.52 1.96 2.00 1.83 1.77 1.45 1.89 2.53 2.72 2.38 3.40 3.87 4.25 2.80 2.42 3.37 3.97 2.83 2.827
EV/EBIT 10.63 15.09 16.82 12.52 15.52 15.48 15.67 12.26 12.93 16.34 17.32 14.60 21.69 23.55 30.66 22.42 17.21 28.66 28.60 24.39 24.394
EV/FCF 17.35 19.58 16.50 14.05 16.05 15.83 18.59 23.66 36.97 63.35 66.17 45.17 64.71 79.76 99.59 62.01 53.91 43.34 53.23 34.02 34.015
Earnings Yield 5.7% 4.4% 3.9% 4.9% 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% 3.5% 3.7% 3.3% 3.1% 4.3% 3.1% 3.0% 2.3% 2.8% 3.6% 2.2% 2.3% 2.5% 2.51%
FCF Yield 4.8% 4.6% 5.4% 5.9% 5.2% 5.4% 4.6% 3.3% 2.2% 1.4% 1.4% 1.8% 1.3% 1.1% 0.9% 1.3% 1.5% 2.0% 1.7% 2.5% 2.47%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 3.817
EV/OCF snapshot only 26.191
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 10.940
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 24.978
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 0.73%
Graham Number snapshot only $1848.50
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 3.16 3.22 3.22 3.44 3.44 3.27 3.27 3.56 3.56 4.08 4.08 4.60 4.60 5.56 5.56 4.77 4.77 4.71 4.71 5.63 5.627
Quick Ratio 2.54 2.47 2.47 2.86 2.86 2.54 2.54 3.07 3.07 3.33 3.33 3.97 3.97 4.75 4.75 4.27 4.27 4.10 4.10 4.98 4.979
Debt/Equity 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.002
Net Debt/Equity -0.43 -0.34 -0.34 -0.47 -0.47 -0.36 -0.36 -0.50 -0.50 -0.39 -0.39 -0.52 -0.52 -0.46 -0.46 -0.56 -0.56 -0.58 -0.58 -0.61 -0.606
Debt/Assets 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.001
Debt/EBITDA 0.00 0.29 0.31 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.011
Net Debt/EBITDA -1.94 -1.58 -1.67 -2.24 -2.52 -2.11 -2.17 -2.69 -2.24 -1.69 -1.74 -2.60 -2.83 -2.55 -2.82 -3.72 -3.12 -3.92 -3.16 -3.91 -3.914
Interest Coverage 35.76 37.63 35.28 127.46 106.71 108.23 89.55 92.01 91.41 87.54 79.53 73.34 68.09 69.09 64.67 63.41 83.32 71.38 90.16 75.27 75.272
Equity Multiplier 1.33 1.31 1.31 1.29 1.29 1.31 1.31 1.32 1.32 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.24 1.24 1.26 1.26 1.27 1.27 1.23 1.229
Cash Ratio snapshot only 3.491
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 88.628
Cash to Debt snapshot only 347.907
FCF to Debt snapshot only 53.984
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1694.0 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.00 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.96 0.93 0.93 1.03 1.04 1.06 1.01 0.86 0.81 0.80 0.84 0.82 0.89 0.88 0.95 0.95 0.951
Inventory Turnover 5.26 5.16 5.22 5.63 5.99 4.69 4.74 7.29 7.26 5.72 5.50 6.07 6.01 5.38 5.64 6.84 7.11 5.76 6.52 8.21 8.211
Receivables Turnover 9.08 9.09 9.15 11.38 11.94 8.79 8.85 9.73 9.82 8.05 7.73 6.36 6.00 4.88 5.15 5.51 6.02 5.35 5.81 6.57 6.574
Payables Turnover 7.81 5.56 5.63 7.07 7.53 5.66 5.71 7.14 7.12 7.21 6.93 5.97 5.91 8.17 8.57 7.56 7.85 7.60 8.60 9.21 9.211
DSO 40 40 40 32 31 42 41 38 37 45 47 57 61 75 71 66 61 68 63 56 55.5 days
DIO 69 71 70 65 61 78 77 50 50 64 66 60 61 68 65 53 51 63 56 44 44.5 days
DPO 47 66 65 52 48 65 64 51 51 51 53 61 62 45 43 48 46 48 42 40 39.6 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 63 45 45 45 43 55 54 36 36 59 61 56 60 98 93 71 66 84 76 60 60.3 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 5.467
Operating Cycle snapshot only 100.0 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 1.867
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.084
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 47.3% 35.0% 20.2% 11.7% 10.4% 8.7% 8.6% 24.1% 19.4% 24.2% 18.7% -8.2% -14.3% -17.3% -9.3% 2.7% 19.1% 21.9% 25.5% 24.7% 24.72%
Net Income 3.1% 1.1% 21.1% 9.4% -12.7% -24.0% -17.6% -32.2% 5.8% 37.0% 36.5% 79.7% 22.4% 14.3% 1.8% -23.2% 3.8% -20.2% 20.1% 12.6% 12.64%
EPS 3.1% 1.1% 21.1% 9.4% -12.7% -24.0% -17.6% -32.1% 5.8% 37.0% 36.5% 79.7% 22.1% 14.0% 1.0% -23.3% 3.5% -20.4% 20.5% 12.2% 12.21%
FCF 2.0% 1.8% 2.4% 1.0% 36.0% -0.8% -32.2% -45.4% -51.0% -57.1% -49.0% -21.4% -11.8% 0.5% -5.8% -11.8% 1.6% 95.3% 1.2% 1.3% 1.29%
EBITDA 2.2% 91.6% 24.1% 16.3% -4.9% -12.6% -9.4% -3.9% 30.1% 50.9% 50.8% 21.5% -7.1% -11.2% -17.9% -19.0% 5.0% -11.3% 21.7% 13.0% 13.04%
Op. Income 2.2% 50.0% 6.8% 12.4% 1.3% 3.9% 7.0% -1.1% 27.9% 42.5% 17.8% 31.7% -24.8% -46.9% -27.8% -7.5% 54.0% 97.1% 97.9% 17.4% 17.45%
OCF Growth snapshot only 1.41%
Asset Growth snapshot only 6.25%
Equity Growth snapshot only 9.21%
Debt Growth snapshot only -2.75%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.38%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 46.86%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 3.5% 5.6% 6.9% 11.6% 13.7% 12.8% 14.4% 24.8% 24.7% 22.2% 15.7% 8.4% 4.1% 3.8% 5.3% 5.4% 6.8% 7.8% 10.6% 5.6% 5.55%
Revenue 5Y 4.1% 3.7% 4.0% 4.0% 5.0% 5.0% 4.5% 6.7% 7.9% 9.7% 9.5% 9.6% 8.5% 8.1% 10.0% 12.9% 14.6% 12.9% 12.0% 10.3% 10.26%
EPS 3Y -0.2% 4.1% 10.2% 29.2% 25.4% 23.4% 30.0% 55.2% 56.5% 30.2% 10.9% 10.1% 4.1% 5.9% 4.4% -2.2% 10.2% 7.5% 18.4% 15.6% 15.63%
EPS 5Y 5.9% 6.0% 5.1% 7.7% 2.2% -0.5% -4.9% -9.7% -1.7% 3.3% 8.5% 21.3% 20.6% 24.0% 24.8% 38.8% 37.1% 14.9% 10.6% 2.8% 2.79%
Net Income 3Y -0.2% 4.1% 10.2% 29.2% 25.4% 23.4% 30.0% 55.2% 56.5% 30.2% 10.9% 10.1% 4.2% 6.0% 4.6% -2.2% 10.4% 7.7% 18.6% 15.8% 15.83%
Net Income 5Y 5.9% 6.0% 5.1% 7.7% 2.2% -0.5% -4.9% -9.7% -1.7% 3.3% 8.5% 21.3% 20.6% 24.1% 25.0% 38.8% 37.2% 15.0% 10.7% 2.9% 2.90%
EBITDA 3Y -0.6% 2.9% 7.5% 21.2% 19.3% 19.2% 24.9% 55.7% 57.7% 36.2% 19.2% 10.7% 4.7% 5.4% 3.9% -1.8% 8.3% 6.0% 14.6% 3.6% 3.64%
EBITDA 5Y 5.0% 5.2% 5.3% 8.2% 2.9% 1.4% -2.3% -1.5% 3.9% 7.5% 11.1% 15.8% 15.5% 17.8% 19.2% 30.0% 30.8% 14.8% 11.1% 4.5% 4.47%
Gross Profit 3Y -0.8% 1.1% 2.7% 9.5% 11.0% 10.4% 13.1% 21.2% 23.5% 19.3% 11.8% 4.7% -3.2% -8.3% -6.0% -2.2% 4.7% 10.5% 9.9% 2.9% 2.89%
Gross Profit 5Y 1.7% 1.3% 1.4% 1.1% 1.7% 1.1% 0.0% 1.7% 3.1% 5.5% 5.7% 7.0% 3.5% 1.0% 4.0% 8.4% 13.7% 12.4% 8.6% 5.4% 5.39%
Op. Income 3Y -3.9% 5.6% 13.2% 16.7% 18.8% 19.1% 26.3% 51.2% 61.0% 30.4% 10.4% 13.6% -0.9% -7.7% -3.1% 6.4% 14.0% 14.3% 19.0% 12.7% 12.70%
Op. Income 5Y -2.1% -2.8% -1.9% -0.1% -2.2% -2.1% -3.0% -5.2% 2.9% 11.8% 12.8% 15.7% 10.1% 5.0% 11.4% 33.4% 37.0% 18.4% 14.0% 9.8% 9.75%
FCF 3Y 31.1% 94.6% 94.2% 79.9% 67.7% 48.3% 41.7% 31.4% 26.2% 6.4% 6.0% -4.8% -16.2% -24.7% -31.2% -27.7% -24.0% -5.6% 1.9% 16.7% 16.71%
FCF 5Y 5.9% 5.2% 11.3% 12.0% 12.9% 13.9% 12.3% 9.0% 8.5% 25.7% 20.4% 20.1% 15.3% 7.0% 6.5% 9.5% 12.5% 18.8% 19.8% 11.8% 11.75%
OCF 3Y 33.8% 59.0% 62.8% 56.6% 50.7% 45.1% 28.6% 13.9% 1.3% -11.4% -11.7% -17.2% -23.1% -28.0% -32.0% -27.7% -23.4% -5.0% 3.8% 16.2% 16.21%
OCF 5Y 9.8% 9.2% 12.2% 10.8% 9.5% 8.1% 7.3% 6.8% 7.4% 8.6% 6.8% 6.7% 4.9% 3.0% -0.7% -0.8% -0.8% 9.3% 10.6% 7.6% 7.58%
Assets 3Y 4.1% 7.2% 7.2% 8.9% 8.9% 9.9% 9.9% 14.4% 14.4% 9.2% 9.2% 9.6% 9.6% 9.2% 9.2% 9.4% 9.4% 10.3% 10.3% 7.2% 7.21%
Assets 5Y 10.7% 8.8% 8.8% 9.3% 9.3% 7.2% 7.2% 6.8% 6.8% 7.9% 7.9% 9.3% 9.3% 9.9% 9.9% 11.7% 11.7% 9.7% 9.7% 8.7% 8.71%
Equity 3Y 3.8% 7.6% 7.6% 8.3% 8.3% 8.9% 8.9% 12.6% 12.6% 11.8% 11.8% 11.4% 11.4% 11.3% 11.3% 10.2% 10.2% 11.4% 11.4% 9.9% 9.89%
Book Value 3Y 3.8% 7.6% 7.6% 8.3% 8.3% 8.9% 8.9% 12.6% 12.6% 11.8% 11.8% 11.4% 11.3% 11.3% 11.0% 10.1% 10.0% 11.2% 11.2% 9.7% 9.70%
Dividend 3Y -22.0% -32.9% -94.0% -40.8% -15.5% 18.3% 12.1% 44.2% -0.0% -30.7% -30.7% -25.3% 7.6% 55.2% 70.6% 56.0% 21.5% 24.4% 11.7% 13.6% 13.61%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.02 0.08 0.26 0.23 0.30 0.41 0.45 0.42 0.55 0.70 0.85 0.87 0.75 0.70 0.85 0.75 0.76 0.73 0.86 0.74 0.740
Earnings Stability 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.22 0.51 0.57 0.68 0.81 0.74 0.42 0.65 0.47 0.77 0.10 0.099
Margin Stability 0.92 0.93 0.92 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.91 0.86 0.88 0.91 0.94 0.86 0.87 0.89 0.895
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.92 0.96 0.95 0.90 0.93 0.87 0.98 0.85 0.85 0.50 0.91 0.94 0.99 0.91 0.98 0.92 0.92 0.95 0.949
Earnings Smoothness 0.00 0.28 0.81 0.91 0.86 0.73 0.81 0.62 0.94 0.69 0.69 0.43 0.80 0.87 0.98 0.74 0.96 0.78 0.82 0.88 0.881
ROE Trend 0.09 0.07 0.04 0.05 0.02 -0.01 -0.03 -0.05 -0.02 -0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.00 -0.03 0.01 -0.02 -0.016
Gross Margin Trend 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.03 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 -0.00 -0.00 -0.04 -0.07 -0.07 -0.04 0.01 0.05 0.02 -0.01 -0.012
FCF Margin Trend 0.06 0.07 0.10 0.07 0.05 0.02 -0.01 -0.05 -0.06 -0.08 -0.08 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.034
Sustainable Growth Rate 13.4% 13.8% 13.5% 13.4% 10.8% 8.6% 8.3% 6.9% 10.4% 12.2% 11.9% 13.2% 11.4% 11.1% 8.8% 7.5% 9.9% 6.3% 9.2% 7.1% 7.11%
Internal Growth Rate 11.5% 11.6% 11.3% 11.4% 9.0% 7.0% 6.8% 5.6% 8.6% 10.5% 10.2% 11.4% 9.7% 9.8% 7.6% 6.3% 8.5% 5.2% 7.9% 6.1% 6.05%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.16 1.34 1.72 1.48 1.63 1.74 1.44 1.27 0.75 0.48 0.49 0.44 0.47 0.42 0.47 0.60 0.55 1.19 0.97 1.28 1.279
FCF/OCF 0.72 0.78 0.82 0.81 0.80 0.78 0.80 0.76 0.80 0.88 0.88 0.96 0.93 0.89 0.85 0.81 0.78 0.77 0.76 0.77 0.770
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 0.985
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.791
CapEx/Revenue 4.0% 3.7% 3.4% 3.3% 3.2% 3.2% 2.4% 1.9% 1.2% 0.5% 0.6% 0.2% 0.4% 0.6% 0.8% 1.1% 1.3% 2.3% 2.4% 2.5% 2.48%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.207
Accruals Ratio -0.02 -0.04 -0.07 -0.05 -0.06 -0.06 -0.03 -0.02 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.04 -0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.022
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.069
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.193
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield 0.8% 0.3% 0.0% 0.2% 0.4% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.4% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 0.5% 0.6% 0.6% 0.7% 0.6% 0.7% 0.58%
Dividend/Share $16.58 $9.06 $0.01 $5.00 $10.00 $15.00 $15.00 $15.00 $10.00 $5.00 $5.00 $6.25 $12.47 $18.71 $24.80 $23.71 $22.40 $36.09 $34.85 $34.82 $25.00
Payout Ratio 14.7% 7.8% 0.0% 4.4% 10.1% 17.1% 17.4% 19.2% 9.6% 4.2% 4.3% 4.5% 9.8% 13.6% 20.9% 22.1% 16.9% 33.0% 24.4% 28.9% 28.88%
FCF Payout Ratio 17.6% 7.5% 0.0% 3.6% 7.8% 12.6% 15.1% 20.0% 15.9% 9.8% 9.9% 10.6% 22.5% 36.4% 52.4% 45.7% 39.9% 36.1% 33.4% 29.3% 29.34%
Total Payout Ratio 14.7% 7.8% 0.0% 4.4% 10.1% 17.1% 17.4% 19.2% 9.6% 4.2% 4.3% 4.5% 9.8% 13.6% 20.9% 22.1% 16.9% 33.0% 24.4% 28.9% 28.88%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
Chowder Number -0.52 -0.70 -1.00 -0.79 -0.39 0.66 2245.11 2.00 0.00 -0.67 -0.67 -0.58 0.25 2.75 4.00 2.81 0.81 0.94 0.41 0.48 0.481
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% -0.0% -0.0% -0.0% -0.0% -0.0% -0.00%
Total Shareholder Return 0.8% 0.3% 0.0% 0.2% 0.4% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.4% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 0.5% 0.6% 0.6% 0.7% 0.6% 0.7% 0.73%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.75 0.76 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.73 0.74 0.73 0.74 0.75 0.76 0.78 0.79 0.80 0.79 0.77 0.77 0.74 0.75 0.74 0.740
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.74 0.79 0.81 0.80 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.98 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.985
EBIT Margin 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.14 0.12 0.14 0.12 0.116
Asset Turnover 1.00 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.96 0.93 0.93 1.03 1.04 1.06 1.01 0.86 0.81 0.80 0.84 0.82 0.89 0.88 0.95 0.95 0.951
Equity Multiplier 1.30 1.33 1.33 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.28 1.28 1.29 1.29 1.25 1.25 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.24 1.245
Per Share
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $113.10 $115.66 $104.34 $114.92 $98.79 $87.90 $86.02 $77.99 $104.54 $120.41 $117.45 $140.12 $127.66 $137.31 $118.63 $107.44 $132.18 $109.34 $142.92 $120.56 $120.56
Book Value/Share $772.69 $817.57 $817.57 $867.38 $867.57 $885.23 $885.23 $954.28 $954.28 $1009.03 $1009.03 $1069.06 $1066.66 $1125.73 $1119.42 $1157.82 $1154.34 $1217.30 $1217.33 $1259.64 $1264.88
Tangible Book/Share $760.20 $806.42 $806.42 $856.82 $857.00 $876.43 $876.43 $947.52 $947.52 $1004.42 $1004.42 $1066.43 $1064.03 $1123.33 $1117.03 $1155.05 $1151.58 $1214.95 $1214.99 $1257.79 $1257.79
Revenue/Share $935.70 $950.83 $957.28 $983.32 $1032.59 $1033.39 $1039.47 $1220.84 $1232.60 $1283.95 $1233.33 $1120.49 $1053.82 $1059.54 $1110.03 $1149.37 $1251.75 $1288.22 $1397.94 $1428.00 $1469.72
FCF/Share $94.43 $120.39 $146.36 $137.36 $128.42 $119.45 $99.16 $75.06 $62.91 $51.21 $50.61 $59.01 $55.35 $51.35 $47.33 $51.94 $56.08 $100.07 $104.38 $118.70 $56.06
OCF/Share $131.39 $155.22 $179.05 $170.22 $161.45 $152.65 $124.18 $98.76 $78.26 $58.23 $57.63 $61.15 $59.62 $57.77 $55.83 $64.25 $72.10 $130.09 $138.14 $154.16 $72.24
Cash/Share $331.38 $325.78 $325.78 $410.88 $410.97 $323.87 $323.87 $475.37 $475.37 $392.16 $392.16 $557.47 $556.22 $529.72 $526.75 $645.34 $643.40 $710.13 $710.15 $764.99 $0.00
EBITDA/Share $170.87 $174.76 $164.74 $183.15 $162.47 $152.73 $149.17 $176.03 $211.37 $230.42 $224.93 $213.87 $195.91 $204.26 $183.31 $173.06 $205.20 $180.82 $223.76 $194.89 $194.89
Debt/Share $0.52 $50.38 $50.38 $1.21 $1.21 $0.89 $0.89 $2.19 $2.19 $1.88 $1.88 $1.57 $1.56 $9.86 $9.80 $2.27 $2.26 $2.11 $2.11 $2.20 $2.20
Net Debt/Share $-330.86 $-275.40 $-275.40 $-409.67 $-409.76 $-322.97 $-322.97 $-473.18 $-473.18 $-390.28 $-390.28 $-555.90 $-554.65 $-519.86 $-516.95 $-643.07 $-641.14 $-708.03 $-708.04 $-762.79 $-762.79
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.875
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 24.408
Piotroski F-Score 6 7 7 6 6 7 7 6 6 7 6 6 5 4 3 4 5 6 6 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.10 -2.69 -2.78 -2.92 -2.94 -2.14 -2.20 -1.16 -0.62 -2.14 -1.91 -2.48 -2.00 -1.69 -1.91 -2.20 -2.23 -2.83 -2.16 -2.65 -2.649
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -11.809
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 12.98%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $945.15
EVA snapshot only $607055425.02
Credit
Metric Trend Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only AAA
Credit Score 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.75 97.750
Credit Grade snapshot only 1
Credit Trend snapshot only 0.000
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 50.000

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