— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: 8TRA.ST (STO) · $vol 5M · TRATF (OTC) · $vol 0M

8TRA.DE XETRA

Traton SE
1W: -3.1% 1M: -9.2% 3M: -3.2% YTD: -5.9% 1Y: +7.0% 3Y: +96.7% 5Y: +141.6%
€34.04 ($38.32)
-0.36 (-1.05%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±2.9%
€32 €33 €34 €35 €36
XETRA · Industrials · Agricultural - Machinery · Tech Score Sell · Power 33 · €17.0B mcap · 62M float · 0.240% daily turnover

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
1
ROE
3
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
4
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. 8TRA.DE receives an overall rating of B. Strongest factors: ROA (4/5), P/E (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: DCF (1/5), D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-08-12 B- B
2026-07-28 C B-
2026-07-24 B- C
2026-05-26 B B-
2026-04-07 None ADDED
2026-04-07 EXISTED None
2026-02-12 B- B
2026-01-03 B B-

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 17 Grade D
Profitability
26
Balance Sheet
38
Earnings Quality
48
Growth
22
Value
78
Momentum
29
Safety
15
Cash Flow
17
The InsiderStreet Scorecard rates companies across eight dimensions: Profitability (margins, ROA, ROE), Balance Sheet (leverage, liquidity, coverage), Earnings Quality (accruals, cash conversion), Growth (revenue and earnings trajectory), Value (P/E, P/B, earnings yield, Graham criteria), Momentum (revenue and earnings acceleration), Safety (Altman Z-Score risk adjustment), and Cash Flow (operating cash flow quality, FCF conversion, cash coverage). The overall score blends 35% quality, 35% value, and 30% momentum, with a penalty for distress-zone Altman scores. 8TRA.DE scores highest in Value (78/100) and lowest in Safety (15/100). A grade of D flags significant fundamental concerns across multiple dimensions.

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
1.12
Distress Zone
Piotroski F-Score
5/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.30
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-7.03
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
B
Score: 29.1/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
25/100
OCF/NI: 0.39x
Accruals: 1.6%
The Altman Z-Score (1968) combines five ratios — working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market value of equity, and sales, all relative to total assets or liabilities — into a single bankruptcy predictor. 8TRA.DE scores 1.12, placing it in the Distress Zone (safe > 2.99, distress < 1.81). Historically, companies in this range face elevated bankruptcy risk. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. 8TRA.DE scores 5/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. 8TRA.DE's score of -2.30 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. 8TRA.DE's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. 8TRA.DE receives an estimated rating of B (score: 29.1/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). 8TRA.DE's score of 25/100 is low — reported earnings may not be fully supported by cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
9.62x
PEG
-0.51x
P/S
0.39x
P/B
0.89x
P/FCF
-8.07x
P/OCF
24.01x
EV/EBITDA
6.72x
EV/Revenue
0.95x
EV/EBIT
14.16x
EV/FCF
-20.38x
Earnings Yield
10.66%
FCF Yield
-12.40%
Shareholder Yield
0.00%
Graham Number
$55.28
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 9.6x earnings, 8TRA.DE trades at a deep value multiple. An earnings yield of 10.7% exceeds typical risk-free rates, suggesting equities are being compensated for risk. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $55.28 per share, suggesting a potential 62% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.747
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.800
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.067
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.640
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
3.779
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
9.7%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. 8TRA.DE's ROE of 9.7% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 3.78x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
1.52%
Fair P/E
11.53x
Intrinsic Value
$40.77
Price/Value
0.81x
Margin of Safety
18.62%
Premium
-18.62%
Assessment
Neutral
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with 8TRA.DE's realized 1.5% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. 8TRA.DE trades at a -19% premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $40.77, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 11.5x compares to the current market P/E of 9.6x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1570 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$34.04
Median 1Y
$34.38
5th Pctile
$18.01
95th Pctile
$65.53
Ann. Volatility
37.2%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 5.4% 3.5% 5.5% 5.8% 3.2% 8.2% 8.8% 11.4% 15.7% 15.9% 16.6% 16.0% 15.5% 16.3% 14.1% 12.8% 10.2% 8.5% 7.0% 9.7% 9.68%
ROA 1.5% 0.9% 1.5% 1.5% 0.8% 2.0% 2.2% 2.9% 4.0% 4.1% 4.3% 4.1% 4.1% 4.4% 3.9% 3.3% 2.7% 2.3% 1.9% 2.6% 2.56%
ROIC 2.5% 1.0% 2.4% 2.7% 3.4% 5.9% 6.3% 7.4% 8.1% 7.7% 8.1% 7.8% 8.0% 14.1% 7.7% 6.7% 5.4% 4.4% 3.2% 3.7% 3.68%
ROCE 2.9% 1.8% 2.7% 3.0% 2.6% 5.7% 6.5% 7.6% 9.8% 10.0% 10.4% 10.6% 10.7% 10.5% 9.4% 8.5% 6.6% 6.2% 4.9% 6.5% 6.47%
Gross Margin 17.0% 15.5% 18.1% 16.2% 16.5% 17.4% 20.4% 19.5% 19.7% 19.3% 21.8% 21.2% 21.6% 20.5% 20.7% 19.3% 18.3% 18.3% 15.7% 20.8% 20.83%
Operating Margin 2.3% -2.8% 8.2% 5.4% 5.1% 8.1% 7.5% 8.3% 7.9% 8.4% 9.0% 9.3% 8.7% 9.1% 6.1% 5.4% 5.8% 4.8% 0.6% 8.2% 8.24%
Net Margin 4.1% -2.3% 5.0% 2.8% -0.3% 4.1% 5.0% 5.9% 6.2% 4.0% 6.4% 5.0% 6.1% 6.1% 4.4% 2.2% 3.1% 4.4% 2.2% 6.0% 6.02%
EBITDA Margin 10.8% 6.1% 16.0% 12.7% 7.2% 13.8% 14.1% 14.7% 15.1% 14.1% 16.3% 15.7% 15.5% 15.1% 15.7% 10.2% 13.4% 13.2% 13.3% 16.4% 16.41%
FCF Margin 0.5% -0.4% -3.0% -7.3% -5.9% -6.4% -5.2% -1.3% 0.4% 0.8% 0.6% -0.9% -1.9% -0.8% -0.9% -0.9% -2.8% -4.3% -4.9% -4.7% -4.66%
OCF Margin 5.5% 4.8% 2.2% -2.0% -0.9% -1.6% -0.7% 3.1% 4.9% 5.5% 5.5% 4.2% 3.3% 4.9% 5.2% 5.4% 3.7% 2.0% 1.7% 1.6% 1.57%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 12.35%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 10.76%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 3.24%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 4.86%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 3.48%
Cash ROA snapshot only 0.97%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 1.55%
CROIC snapshot only -4.62%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 3.71%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 5.36%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 6.59%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 10.89%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio 13.37 20.30 9.47 8.90 15.96 6.26 5.61 5.23 3.71 3.92 5.70 5.67 5.41 4.72 5.86 6.33 7.66 9.86 11.80 9.38 9.616
P/S Ratio 0.33 0.31 0.22 0.21 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.32 0.31 0.29 0.28 0.32 0.30 0.31 0.35 0.35 0.38 0.386
P/B Ratio 0.70 0.70 0.51 0.50 0.49 0.50 0.48 0.59 0.56 0.58 0.88 0.86 0.82 0.74 0.79 0.80 0.77 0.82 0.81 0.86 0.886
P/FCF 64.00 -68.46 -7.19 -2.82 -3.26 -2.78 -3.18 -14.84 53.22 25.72 53.49 -32.79 -14.97 -32.99 -36.70 -32.07 -11.03 -8.05 -7.26 -8.07 -8.065
P/OCF 6.08 6.42 9.85 — — — — 6.30 4.02 3.72 5.82 7.27 8.67 5.65 6.15 5.54 8.26 16.91 21.23 24.01 24.009
EV/EBITDA 4.55 7.33 6.05 6.39 6.80 5.27 5.02 4.97 4.21 4.41 4.82 5.03 4.87 2.59 5.00 5.60 6.27 6.75 7.42 6.72 6.721
EV/Revenue 0.59 0.81 0.72 0.73 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.62 0.61 0.64 0.72 0.77 0.75 0.41 0.77 0.79 0.85 0.88 0.93 0.95 0.950
EV/EBIT 17.31 38.18 23.05 22.63 26.91 12.91 11.55 10.23 7.51 7.63 8.07 8.33 8.02 4.33 8.63 10.52 13.23 14.52 18.55 14.16 14.156
EV/FCF 112.31 -180.86 -23.52 -9.99 -11.92 -10.15 -11.56 -47.29 164.93 80.09 121.93 -82.48 -38.60 -47.99 -89.09 -84.65 -30.72 -20.55 -19.07 -20.38 -20.378
Earnings Yield 7.5% 4.9% 10.6% 11.2% 6.3% 16.0% 17.8% 19.1% 26.9% 25.5% 17.6% 17.6% 18.5% 21.2% 17.1% 15.8% 13.0% 10.1% 8.5% 10.7% 10.66%
FCF Yield 1.6% -1.5% -13.9% -35.4% -30.7% -35.9% -31.4% -6.7% 1.9% 3.9% 1.9% -3.0% -6.7% -3.0% -2.7% -3.1% -9.1% -12.4% -13.8% -12.4% -12.40%
Price/Tangible Book snapshot only 3.131
EV/OCF snapshot only 60.661
EV/Gross Profit snapshot only 5.175
Acquirers Multiple snapshot only 19.079
Shareholder Yield snapshot only 0.00%
Graham Number snapshot only $55.28
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.81 0.82 0.89 0.92 0.91 0.84 0.82 0.87 0.92 0.94 1.01 1.01 1.03 0.98 1.04 0.93 1.02 0.94 0.96 0.99 0.989
Quick Ratio 0.52 0.54 0.58 0.60 0.59 0.55 0.52 0.55 0.58 0.61 0.66 0.62 0.67 0.66 0.69 0.61 0.67 0.66 0.65 0.68 0.680
Debt/Equity 0.76 1.35 1.33 1.46 1.44 1.47 1.41 1.43 1.36 1.34 1.36 1.42 1.46 0.53 1.30 1.49 1.49 1.45 1.44 1.49 1.494
Net Debt/Equity 0.53 1.15 1.15 1.26 1.30 1.32 1.27 1.28 1.17 1.23 1.13 1.31 1.29 0.34 1.13 1.31 1.37 1.27 1.32 1.32 1.319
Debt/Assets 0.19 0.33 0.33 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.14 0.36 0.39 0.40 0.40 0.39 0.40 0.401
Debt/EBITDA 2.80 5.39 4.85 5.28 5.49 4.27 4.06 3.80 3.30 3.26 3.25 3.29 3.38 1.27 3.39 3.98 4.38 4.69 4.99 4.60 4.601
Net Debt/EBITDA 1.96 4.56 4.20 4.58 4.94 3.83 3.64 3.41 2.85 3.00 2.71 3.03 2.98 0.81 2.94 3.48 4.02 4.11 4.59 4.06 4.061
Interest Coverage 6.20 2.65 3.67 3.61 2.48 4.40 4.06 4.03 4.63 4.42 4.82 4.40 4.44 5.06 4.24 5.05 4.43 4.09 4.38 4.99 4.993
Equity Multiplier 4.02 4.10 3.99 4.03 4.02 4.05 3.96 3.94 3.79 3.74 3.76 3.83 3.81 3.67 3.57 3.84 3.74 3.66 3.66 3.73 3.726
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.130
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 10.518
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.117
FCF to Debt snapshot only -0.072
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1054.9 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.60 0.63 0.64 0.66 0.66 0.71 0.75 0.77 0.76 0.78 0.77 0.77 0.76 0.75 0.71 0.70 0.68 0.66 0.64 0.64 0.640
Inventory Turnover 4.45 5.14 4.99 5.02 4.88 5.58 5.35 5.17 5.03 5.38 4.93 4.54 4.69 5.00 4.56 4.29 4.41 4.92 4.58 4.48 4.484
Receivables Turnover 12.89 14.10 13.86 5.46 13.09 13.95 13.83 8.15 13.05 7.33 12.41 13.11 6.92 5.49 6.50 6.52 6.76 5.54 4.17 3.96 3.961
Payables Turnover 7.40 7.15 6.83 6.91 6.72 6.86 6.79 6.84 6.68 6.66 6.42 6.56 6.81 6.71 6.27 6.14 6.57 6.58 6.09 5.74 5.738
DSO 28 26 26 67 28 26 26 45 28 50 29 28 53 66 56 56 54 66 88 92 92.1 days
DIO 82 71 73 73 75 65 68 71 73 68 74 80 78 73 80 85 83 74 80 81 81.4 days
DPO 49 51 53 53 54 53 54 53 55 55 57 56 54 54 58 59 56 55 60 64 63.6 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 61 46 46 87 48 38 41 62 46 63 47 53 77 85 78 82 81 85 107 110 109.9 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 2.823
Operating Cycle snapshot only 173.5 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 13.102
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.621
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 25.0% 35.6% 39.1% 33.9% 31.5% 31.7% 31.9% 29.2% 22.6% 16.2% 10.4% 4.9% 4.3% 1.3% -2.5% -3.0% -7.1% -7.2% -5.6% -4.0% -4.02%
Net Income 3.1% 5.7% 12.4% 55.8% -36.9% 1.5% 68.9% 1.1% 4.4% 1.1% 1.1% 50.9% 6.1% 14.4% -4.9% -14.5% -30.8% -44.8% -48.1% -18.9% -18.86%
EPS 3.0% 5.6% 12.3% 55.1% -36.0% 1.5% 69.7% 1.1% 4.4% 1.1% 1.1% 50.9% 6.1% 14.4% -4.9% -14.7% -30.8% -44.8% -48.0% -18.7% -18.69%
FCF -84.7% -1.1% -1.6% -2.7% -15.8% -17.8% -1.3% 76.6% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 26.0% -6.5% -2.1% -2.4% 2.5% -33.0% -3.7% -4.3% -3.8% -3.78%
EBITDA 41.5% 41.1% 52.4% 12.0% 5.1% 46.3% 33.6% 42.6% 71.4% 37.3% 38.0% 27.5% 11.3% 9.3% 0.6% -10.1% -17.8% -22.4% -23.8% -4.1% -4.11%
Op. Income 1.3% 3.9% 11.5% 52.1% 92.2% 5.9% 2.0% 1.9% 1.4% 39.3% 40.5% 24.4% 16.1% 13.6% -3.0% -16.9% -29.8% -43.2% -52.6% -35.4% -35.42%
OCF Growth snapshot only -72.25%
Asset Growth snapshot only 7.70%
Equity Growth snapshot only 10.90%
Debt Growth snapshot only 10.89%
Shares Change snapshot only -0.21%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -1.00%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — 81.4% 44.5% 31.2% 24.5% 26.3% 27.6% 26.5% 22.0% 18.9% 15.7% 12.4% 9.5% 5.9% 3.0% 0.5% -0.8% -0.79%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 50.1% 28.9% 19.4% 14.4% 14.3% 14.3% 13.3% 11.1% 11.06%
EPS 3Y — — — — 0.4% 14.6% 14.2% 51.4% 1.4% — — 70.1% 54.3% 82.7% 49.5% 39.4% 58.4% 10.6% 0.8% 1.5% 1.52%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 42.1% 29.9% 24.1% 34.9% 59.3% — — 27.8% 27.83%
Net Income 3Y — — — — 0.5% 14.6% 14.2% 51.4% 1.4% — — 70.1% 53.3% 82.4% 49.4% 39.2% 58.1% 10.6% 0.8% 1.5% 1.52%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 42.1% 29.9% 24.1% 34.9% 59.0% — — 27.8% 27.83%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — 54.8% 33.3% 22.4% 25.3% 36.6% 41.5% 41.1% 26.7% 26.1% 30.0% 22.8% 17.8% 16.2% 5.2% 1.9% 3.2% 3.21%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 47.9% 28.9% 20.6% 17.6% 18.5% 19.2% 16.6% 11.9% 11.91%
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — 71.7% 39.9% 29.2% 28.4% 34.0% 38.8% 36.5% 26.4% 24.4% 22.2% 19.0% 17.5% 12.4% 7.1% 1.0% -0.9% -0.95%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 52.4% 32.2% 22.5% 19.1% 19.1% 19.5% 15.9% 11.0% 11.00%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — 54.4% 49.5% 43.0% 77.4% 1.2% 2.6% 2.8% 75.6% 75.8% 1.2% 60.4% 43.6% 25.6% -3.5% -13.5% -12.6% -12.59%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 59.8% 39.5% 31.9% 42.0% 53.9% 97.4% 89.5% 23.8% 23.78%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — -44.2% -33.9% -45.2% — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — — — -9.3% -1.7% -0.3% -4.3% -10.0% 0.8% 17.0% 49.0% — — — — -21.0% -21.03%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 20.7% 10.5% 7.7% 5.7% -6.9% -19.1% -24.5% -24.0% -24.01%
Assets 3Y — — — — 9.7% 8.8% 11.8% 11.7% 14.0% 13.0% 12.3% 10.6% 6.0% 5.9% 5.7% 4.5% 4.1% 5.4% 5.7% 6.3% 6.28%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — 7.8% 7.7% 9.6% 9.2% 10.1% 9.8% 8.9% 8.6% 8.62%
Equity 3Y — — — — 3.3% 1.2% 3.5% 4.6% 8.4% 8.4% 8.8% 7.3% 7.9% 9.9% 9.7% 6.3% 6.6% 9.1% 8.5% 8.3% 8.31%
Book Value 3Y — — — — 3.1% 1.2% 3.5% 4.6% 8.6% 8.4% 8.5% 7.3% 8.6% 10.1% 9.8% 6.4% 6.8% 9.1% 8.5% 8.3% 8.31%
Dividend 3Y — — — — 23.7% 22.8% 22.8% -3.1% 11.7% 11.9% 11.5% 28.9% 29.7% 29.1% 29.0% 4.4% 4.4% 4.3% 4.3% — —
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.93 1.00 0.96 0.91 0.95 1.00 0.97 0.95 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.96 0.95 0.92 0.88 0.81 0.73 0.65 0.60 0.596
Earnings Stability 0.25 0.12 0.01 0.82 0.11 0.18 0.23 0.80 0.55 0.58 0.61 0.88 0.73 0.75 0.73 0.86 0.64 0.62 0.48 0.59 0.586
Margin Stability 0.91 0.90 0.93 0.94 0.91 0.91 0.94 0.94 0.92 0.89 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.92 0.90 0.89 0.87 0.89 0.94 0.939
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.85 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.98 0.94 0.98 0.94 0.88 0.82 0.81 0.92 0.925
Earnings Smoothness 0.00 — — 0.56 0.55 0.15 0.49 0.29 0.00 0.27 0.30 0.59 0.94 0.87 0.95 0.84 0.64 0.42 0.37 0.79 0.792
ROE Trend 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.02 -0.00 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.04 0.01 -0.01 -0.05 -0.07 -0.08 -0.05 -0.047
Gross Margin Trend 0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.03 -0.02 -0.022
FCF Margin Trend -0.04 -0.05 -0.08 -0.11 -0.08 -0.09 -0.07 -0.01 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.04 -0.05 -0.04 -0.037
Sustainable Growth Rate 4.4% 2.5% 4.5% 3.0% 1.4% 6.4% 7.1% 9.1% 13.5% 13.6% 14.4% 11.3% 11.0% 12.0% 9.9% 7.8% 5.3% 3.8% 2.4% 9.7% 9.68%
Internal Growth Rate 1.2% 0.7% 1.2% 0.8% 0.3% 1.6% 1.8% 2.3% 3.6% 3.6% 3.9% 3.0% 3.0% 3.3% 2.8% 2.1% 1.4% 1.1% 0.7% 2.6% 2.63%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 2.20 3.16 0.96 -0.89 -0.75 -0.58 -0.24 0.83 0.92 1.05 0.98 0.78 0.62 0.83 0.95 1.14 0.93 0.58 0.56 0.39 0.391
FCF/OCF 0.10 -0.09 -1.37 3.56 6.52 3.89 7.20 -0.42 0.08 0.14 0.11 -0.22 -0.58 -0.17 -0.17 -0.17 -0.75 -2.10 -2.92 -2.98 -2.977
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -1.163
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.111
CapEx/Revenue 5.0% 5.2% 5.3% 5.2% 5.0% 4.7% 4.5% 4.4% 4.5% 4.7% 4.9% 5.1% 5.3% 5.8% 6.1% 6.3% 6.5% 6.3% 6.5% 6.2% 6.23%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.839
Accruals Ratio -0.02 -0.02 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.016
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.025
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.251
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.250
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield 1.4% 1.4% 1.9% 5.4% 3.5% 3.5% 3.5% 4.0% 3.9% 3.6% 2.3% 5.2% 5.4% 5.7% 5.1% 6.2% 6.2% 5.6% 5.5% 0.0% 2.73%
Dividend/Share $0.26 $0.27 $0.27 $0.77 $0.50 $0.50 $0.50 $0.70 $0.70 $0.70 $0.70 $1.50 $1.50 $1.50 $1.50 $1.70 $1.70 $1.70 $1.70 $0.00 $0.93
Payout Ratio 18.7% 29.2% 17.9% 47.7% 56.2% 21.9% 19.6% 20.7% 14.4% 14.3% 13.2% 29.4% 29.2% 26.7% 29.8% 39.0% 47.8% 54.9% 65.1% 0.0% 0.00%
FCF Payout Ratio 89.3% — — — — — — — 2.1% 93.6% 1.2% — — — — — — — — — —
Total Payout Ratio 18.7% 29.2% 17.9% 47.7% 56.2% 21.9% 19.6% 20.7% 14.4% 14.3% 13.2% 29.4% 29.2% 26.7% 29.8% 39.0% 47.8% 54.9% 65.1% 0.0% 0.00%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 — —
Chowder Number -0.72 -0.72 -0.71 -0.18 0.94 0.89 0.89 -0.05 0.42 0.44 0.42 1.19 1.20 1.20 1.19 0.19 0.20 0.19 0.19 — —
Buyback Yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Net Buyback Yield 0.0% -7.4% -9.8% -9.7% -9.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Total Shareholder Return 1.4% -6.0% -7.9% -4.4% -6.2% 3.5% 3.5% 4.0% 3.9% 3.6% 2.3% 5.2% 5.4% 5.7% 5.1% 6.2% 6.2% 5.6% 5.5% 0.0% 0.00%
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.68 0.71 0.77 0.76 0.77 0.73 0.75 0.77 0.78 0.75 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.79 0.79 0.78 0.76 0.76 0.78 0.75 0.747
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.09 1.00 0.97 0.94 0.60 0.77 0.75 0.80 0.84 0.83 0.84 0.79 0.78 0.80 0.76 0.80 0.81 0.76 0.77 0.80 0.800
EBIT Margin 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.067
Asset Turnover 0.60 0.63 0.64 0.66 0.66 0.71 0.75 0.77 0.76 0.78 0.77 0.77 0.76 0.75 0.71 0.70 0.68 0.66 0.64 0.64 0.640
Equity Multiplier 3.65 3.71 3.72 3.77 4.02 4.08 3.97 3.99 3.90 3.89 3.85 3.88 3.80 3.71 3.66 3.83 3.78 3.67 3.62 3.78 3.779
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $1.40 $0.92 $1.50 $1.61 $0.90 $2.28 $2.55 $3.38 $4.85 $4.90 $5.28 $5.10 $5.14 $5.61 $5.03 $4.35 $3.56 $3.09 $2.61 $3.54 $3.54
Book Value/Share $26.68 $26.76 $28.10 $28.73 $29.28 $28.74 $29.71 $30.23 $32.18 $32.96 $34.06 $33.44 $34.14 $35.68 $37.18 $34.56 $35.63 $37.27 $37.90 $38.41 $38.42
Tangible Book/Share $0.86 $0.26 $1.16 $1.38 $1.23 $1.98 $3.31 $4.22 $5.65 $6.57 $7.77 $6.88 $8.06 $8.59 $9.75 $8.16 $9.12 $10.01 $10.31 $10.60 $10.60
Revenue/Share $55.97 $60.95 $64.89 $69.63 $74.63 $80.67 $85.99 $90.41 $91.93 $93.75 $94.72 $94.81 $95.90 $94.94 $92.36 $91.78 $89.08 $88.10 $87.35 $88.28 $88.28
FCF/Share $0.29 $-0.27 $-1.98 $-5.07 $-4.39 $-5.14 $-4.49 $-1.19 $0.34 $0.75 $0.56 $-0.88 $-1.86 $-0.80 $-0.80 $-0.86 $-2.47 $-3.79 $-4.25 $-4.11 $-4.11
OCF/Share $3.08 $2.91 $1.45 $-1.42 $-0.67 $-1.32 $-0.62 $2.81 $4.47 $5.17 $5.17 $3.98 $3.21 $4.68 $4.79 $4.97 $3.30 $1.80 $1.45 $1.38 $1.38
Cash/Share $6.06 $5.59 $4.98 $5.56 $4.23 $4.41 $4.34 $4.47 $5.93 $3.57 $7.66 $3.78 $5.79 $6.83 $6.42 $6.52 $4.38 $6.76 $4.32 $6.74 $6.74
EBITDA/Share $7.22 $6.72 $7.70 $7.92 $7.69 $9.89 $10.33 $11.35 $13.24 $13.58 $14.22 $14.46 $14.73 $14.84 $14.30 $12.98 $12.12 $11.53 $10.92 $12.47 $12.47
Debt/Share $20.20 $36.24 $37.28 $41.86 $42.22 $42.26 $41.93 $43.15 $43.69 $44.23 $46.16 $47.61 $49.75 $18.86 $48.45 $51.64 $53.09 $54.09 $54.46 $57.39 $57.39
Net Debt/Share $14.13 $30.65 $32.30 $36.30 $37.98 $37.85 $37.60 $38.68 $37.76 $40.66 $38.50 $43.82 $43.95 $12.03 $42.03 $45.12 $48.71 $47.33 $50.14 $50.65 $50.65
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.125
Altman Z-Prime snapshot only 1.019
Piotroski F-Score 7 5 4 3 4 6 5 6 8 9 6 7 7 7 4 3 3 3 3 5 5
Beneish M-Score -2.04 -2.10 -1.92 -1.82 -2.11 -2.10 -2.15 -2.37 -2.42 -2.41 -2.38 -2.41 -2.35 -2.43 -2.23 -2.20 -2.02 -2.46 -2.20 -2.30 -2.298
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -7.027
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 19.28%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-53.63
EVA snapshot only $-2814827871.62
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only B
Credit Score 38.72 24.33 28.91 27.78 23.94 28.88 29.48 31.98 33.96 33.47 39.32 37.70 37.74 45.66 37.76 34.57 31.39 29.26 30.48 29.07 29.073
Credit Grade snapshot only 15
Credit Trend snapshot only -5.493
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 750.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 17
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 16

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For informational purposes only. Not investment advice. Data sourced from SEC filings. Privacy Terms