— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: ASSA-B.ST (STO) · $vol 63M · ASAZY (OTC) · $vol 7M

ASAZF OTC

ASSA ABLOY AB (publ)
1W: -4.4% 1M: -2.7% 3M: +4.6% YTD: -7.6% 1Y: +7.8% 3Y: +71.8% 5Y: +31.2%
$36.00
+0.00 (+0.00%)
 
OTC · Industrials · Security & Protection Services · Tech Score Sell · Power 44 · $37.9B mcap · 987M float · 0.0005% daily turnover · Short 77% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 0Buy: 0Hold: 1Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusHold
Avg Target$—
Analysts0

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade A
Profitability
52
Balance Sheet
57
Earnings Quality
72
Growth
47
Value
—
Momentum
77
Safety
—
Cash Flow
68

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
7/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.60
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-9.38
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB+
Score: 64.7/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.46x
Accruals: -3.4%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. ASAZF scores 7/9, signaling strong financial health across all three dimensions. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. ASAZF's score of -2.60 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. ASAZF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. ASAZF receives an estimated rating of BBB+ (score: 64.7/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). ASAZF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
24.00x
PEG
1.88x
P/S
2.60x
P/B
3.54x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$182.10
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 24.0x earnings, ASAZF commands a growth premium. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $182.10 per share, suggesting a potential 406% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.747
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.880
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.165
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.683
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.102
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
15.5%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. ASAZF's ROE of 15.5% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.683), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
6.43%
Fair P/E
21.36x
Intrinsic Value
$314.46
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with ASAZF's realized 6.4% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. ASAZF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $314.46, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 21.4x compares to the current market P/E of 24.0x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$36.00
Median 1Y
$36.07
5th Pctile
$18.12
95th Pctile
$72.76
Ann. Volatility
40.1%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE 14.4% 17.0% 16.8% 16.1% 16.4% 17.1% 16.2% 15.8% 14.7% 15.3% 15.3% 15.2% 15.6% 15.7% 14.5% 14.6% 14.4% 14.1% 15.0% 15.5% 15.54%
ROA 7.3% 8.8% 8.9% 8.5% 8.9% 9.3% 9.1% 7.6% 7.4% 7.8% 7.9% 7.0% 7.3% 7.4% 6.8% 6.8% 6.9% 6.8% 7.2% 7.4% 7.39%
ROIC 10.9% 12.1% 12.3% 11.1% 11.6% 12.1% 12.1% 6.8% 6.9% 7.7% 7.8% 10.4% 10.8% 10.3% 10.0% 10.0% 10.3% 10.1% 10.6% 10.5% 10.49%
ROCE 15.0% 14.4% 14.7% 14.5% 14.8% 16.5% 16.1% 12.3% 13.0% 14.3% 14.3% 14.7% 14.9% 14.0% 13.9% 14.0% 14.3% 14.6% 14.8% 14.5% 14.50%
Gross Margin 39.8% 39.3% 39.4% 39.5% 39.7% 40.1% 38.9% 41.2% 40.0% 40.3% 41.3% 41.8% 42.1% 41.9% 41.2% 42.9% 43.2% 43.2% 43.2% 43.0% 43.00%
Operating Margin 14.2% 15.7% 15.0% 15.0% 15.6% 15.7% 12.2% 5.3% 14.7% 15.2% 15.4% 16.0% 16.6% 16.6% 11.4% 15.7% 17.2% 16.8% 15.3% 17.0% 17.02%
Net Margin 10.0% 11.9% 10.7% 10.7% 11.2% 11.3% 8.4% 10.4% 9.2% 10.7% 9.8% 10.3% 10.7% 10.8% 6.5% 10.0% 10.9% 11.2% 9.9% 11.3% 11.25%
EBITDA Margin 18.3% 19.5% 18.6% 18.2% 18.9% 20.6% 15.5% 19.2% 18.4% 22.1% 19.1% 19.7% 20.4% 20.3% 15.3% 20.1% 20.6% 21.1% 19.3% 20.6% 20.62%
FCF Margin 14.0% 11.3% 9.0% 8.3% 8.4% 10.2% 12.2% 13.1% 13.5% 13.5% 12.5% 12.1% 12.2% 12.9% 12.3% 11.9% 12.5% 12.3% 13.1% 14.1% 14.12%
OCF Margin 15.8% 13.1% 10.8% 10.0% 10.0% 11.9% 13.9% 14.9% 15.3% 15.1% 14.1% 13.7% 13.8% 14.2% 13.8% 13.4% 14.0% 14.0% 14.7% 15.8% 15.82%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 14.68%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 14.62%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 6.97%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 8.56%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 10.44%
Cash ROA snapshot only 10.48%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 13.38%
CROIC snapshot only 11.94%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 12.41%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 14.50%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 26.58%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 24.004
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.598
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.539
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 1.882
Graham Number snapshot only $182.10
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.24 1.26 1.31 1.26 1.36 1.20 1.27 1.20 1.06 1.10 1.13 1.10 1.18 1.10 1.05 1.10 1.06 1.03 1.00 1.01 1.015
Quick Ratio 0.84 0.81 0.83 0.76 0.82 0.71 0.77 0.75 0.63 0.69 0.70 0.69 0.75 0.69 0.65 0.68 0.66 0.63 0.61 0.63 0.627
Debt/Equity 0.43 0.41 0.39 0.40 0.36 0.39 0.35 0.81 0.72 0.71 0.69 0.71 0.70 0.69 0.74 0.74 0.68 0.69 0.61 0.64 0.642
Net Debt/Equity 0.34 0.35 0.34 0.38 0.33 0.35 0.31 0.74 0.70 0.69 0.67 0.67 0.66 0.64 0.70 0.72 0.64 0.68 0.59 0.61 0.607
Debt/Assets 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.22 0.20 0.22 0.20 0.36 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.32 0.34 0.30 0.31 0.313
Debt/EBITDA 1.58 1.60 1.53 1.60 1.46 1.46 1.32 3.09 2.74 2.45 2.45 2.42 2.35 2.46 2.60 2.51 2.36 2.39 2.18 2.31 2.312
Net Debt/EBITDA 1.25 1.35 1.32 1.52 1.32 1.31 1.20 2.82 2.68 2.39 2.37 2.30 2.21 2.31 2.46 2.44 2.24 2.34 2.10 2.19 2.187
Interest Coverage 23.22 21.27 28.56 27.50 26.63 22.94 22.90 18.64 11.78 16.19 10.78 9.32 9.72 7.15 6.69 6.74 6.85 7.02 9.72 14.82 14.818
Equity Multiplier 1.89 1.87 1.84 1.85 1.79 1.80 1.75 2.25 2.15 2.14 2.10 2.11 2.10 2.09 2.17 2.16 2.10 2.05 2.02 2.05 2.051
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.069
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 18.375
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.054
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.299
Defensive Interval snapshot only 322.1 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.73 0.77 0.77 0.79 0.80 0.85 0.87 0.74 0.76 0.80 0.79 0.70 0.70 0.72 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.70 0.68 0.68 0.683
Inventory Turnover 4.68 4.81 4.48 4.31 4.22 4.43 4.39 3.97 3.98 4.49 4.35 4.19 4.14 4.43 4.34 4.39 4.33 4.34 4.09 4.07 4.071
Receivables Turnover 6.16 6.44 6.26 6.07 6.28 6.79 6.83 6.29 6.30 6.92 6.79 6.46 6.54 6.77 6.80 6.69 6.80 6.80 6.59 6.47 6.470
Payables Turnover 7.24 6.91 6.99 6.89 7.18 7.29 7.84 7.06 7.38 7.73 7.88 7.30 7.53 7.31 7.63 7.65 7.95 7.39 7.37 7.40 7.396
DSO 59 57 58 60 58 54 53 58 58 53 54 56 56 54 54 55 54 54 55 56 56.4 days
DIO 78 76 81 85 86 82 83 92 92 81 84 87 88 82 84 83 84 84 89 90 89.7 days
DPO 50 53 52 53 51 50 47 52 49 47 46 50 48 50 48 48 46 49 50 49 49.4 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 87 80 88 92 94 86 90 98 100 87 91 94 95 86 90 90 92 88 95 97 96.7 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 7.746
Operating Cycle snapshot only 146.1 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 39.055
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.510
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3.8% 8.4% 14.3% 16.1% 22.5% 27.1% 26.9% 24.6% 20.4% 16.5% 13.4% 11.7% 8.0% 6.7% 6.5% 4.0% 4.0% 1.3% -2.0% -1.2% -1.21%
Net Income -8.7% 18.9% 20.3% 0.6% 35.1% 21.9% 14.3% 18.5% 6.3% 2.6% 9.3% 8.5% 14.4% 14.7% 1.8% -1.2% -4.4% -6.3% 7.6% 12.5% 12.55%
EPS -8.7% 19.3% 20.3% 0.6% 35.1% 21.9% 14.3% 18.5% 6.3% 2.6% 9.3% 8.5% 14.4% 14.7% 1.8% -1.2% -4.4% -6.3% 7.6% 12.5% 12.55%
FCF 22.9% -9.3% -33.4% -34.7% -26.8% 15.1% 70.5% 96.4% 94.1% 53.1% 16.9% 3.3% -2.6% 2.1% 4.3% 2.4% 6.9% -3.0% 4.5% 17.0% 17.01%
EBITDA 16.4% 11.3% 13.0% 7.7% 16.5% 28.1% 22.9% 24.3% 18.4% 15.3% 22.3% 19.4% 19.0% 12.2% 2.2% -0.2% -2.3% -1.6% 5.1% 6.0% 6.03%
Op. Income -12.8% 13.8% 16.3% 9.9% 41.7% 30.7% 23.3% 0.6% -6.1% -9.4% -1.4% 41.5% 42.6% 44.7% 27.1% 2.5% 0.3% -4.4% 5.1% 8.8% 8.81%
OCF Growth snapshot only 16.31%
Asset Growth snapshot only 6.40%
Equity Growth snapshot only 11.96%
Debt Growth snapshot only -2.41%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.00%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 8.56%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 4.6% 4.2% 4.7% 5.7% 7.2% 8.7% 10.2% 13.0% 15.2% 17.1% 18.0% 17.3% 16.8% 16.5% 15.3% 13.1% 10.6% 8.0% 5.8% 4.7% 4.71%
Revenue 5Y 5.7% 5.9% 6.3% 7.1% 8.5% 9.7% 10.6% 10.9% 11.0% 10.9% 10.5% 10.5% 9.8% 9.8% 10.1% 10.9% 11.4% 11.6% 11.4% 10.7% 10.68%
EPS 3Y 38.4% 58.4% 56.4% 9.2% 11.4% 9.9% 10.9% 17.0% 9.5% 14.2% 14.6% 9.0% 18.0% 12.8% 8.4% 8.3% 5.1% 3.3% 6.2% 6.4% 6.43%
EPS 5Y 3.4% 10.4% 10.7% 10.1% 12.1% 9.0% 8.7% 32.9% 30.7% 37.8% 36.7% 10.8% 11.0% 9.3% 8.7% 11.4% 7.5% 9.9% 10.5% 7.5% 7.54%
Net Income 3Y 38.5% 58.2% 56.4% 9.2% 11.5% 10.0% 10.9% 17.0% 9.5% 14.1% 14.6% 9.0% 18.0% 12.8% 8.4% 8.3% 5.1% 3.3% 6.2% 6.4% 6.43%
Net Income 5Y 3.4% 10.4% 10.7% 10.1% 12.1% 9.0% 8.7% 32.8% 30.7% 37.7% 36.7% 10.8% 11.0% 9.4% 8.7% 11.4% 7.5% 9.8% 10.5% 7.5% 7.54%
EBITDA 3Y 9.2% 30.9% 29.1% 25.4% 25.5% 8.7% 9.5% 15.0% 17.1% 18.0% 19.3% 16.9% 18.0% 18.3% 15.4% 14.0% 11.2% 8.3% 9.5% 8.1% 8.10%
EBITDA 5Y 7.2% 9.9% 10.1% 10.6% 12.2% 11.0% 11.0% 12.4% 12.5% 27.1% 26.4% 24.0% 22.7% 10.7% 10.4% 12.6% 13.3% 12.6% 12.8% 11.1% 11.09%
Gross Profit 3Y 4.3% 4.9% 5.2% 5.9% 7.3% 8.5% 9.7% 13.5% 15.6% 18.1% 19.7% 18.8% 18.9% 18.4% 17.3% 15.5% 13.1% 10.6% 8.9% 7.4% 7.38%
Gross Profit 5Y 5.7% 7.0% 7.2% 8.0% 9.4% 9.8% 10.7% 11.2% 11.3% 11.6% 11.5% 11.4% 10.9% 10.8% 11.0% 12.3% 12.8% 13.6% 13.7% 12.7% 12.70%
Op. Income 3Y 21.0% 32.5% 32.1% 6.9% 9.1% 8.3% 9.4% 8.4% 5.1% 10.5% 12.3% 16.1% 23.8% 19.6% 15.6% 13.4% 10.3% 7.8% 9.6% 16.4% 16.41%
Op. Income 5Y 1.5% 8.0% 8.4% 9.1% 11.1% 8.5% 8.4% 19.3% 18.7% 22.5% 22.9% 11.7% 11.7% 10.7% 10.4% 13.1% 10.7% 13.3% 13.6% 11.8% 11.77%
FCF 3Y 15.3% 13.1% 3.2% -2.1% -4.6% 4.5% 12.4% 15.9% 20.4% 16.9% 9.9% 9.8% 11.4% 21.6% 27.6% 27.6% 26.4% 14.9% 8.4% 7.4% 7.35%
FCF 5Y 14.7% 8.9% 2.4% 3.2% 9.2% 11.6% 17.7% 19.6% 16.8% 20.6% 17.0% 13.8% 10.4% 12.3% 11.6% 10.5% 12.7% 9.6% 7.7% 9.7% 9.66%
OCF 3Y 12.2% 10.5% 2.7% -1.7% -3.5% 4.3% 11.0% 14.3% 18.6% 16.0% 10.2% 10.3% 11.6% 19.8% 25.1% 24.8% 23.4% 14.1% 7.8% 6.9% 6.87%
OCF 5Y 12.4% 7.8% 2.3% 2.6% 7.2% 9.2% 14.5% 16.9% 15.1% 18.2% 15.3% 12.6% 9.9% 11.0% 10.5% 9.4% 11.4% 9.3% 7.8% 9.8% 9.76%
Assets 3Y 6.1% 6.8% 5.5% 7.4% 8.2% 9.4% 6.8% 20.2% 17.2% 18.7% 19.4% 19.8% 18.5% 19.8% 17.5% 13.9% 11.5% 10.4% 12.1% 2.7% 2.69%
Assets 5Y 6.5% 6.4% 7.1% 8.8% 10.5% 9.2% 8.1% 15.1% 14.2% 13.0% 12.8% 12.5% 11.6% 13.6% 11.5% 12.1% 10.8% 12.1% 12.1% 13.2% 13.18%
Equity 3Y 10.3% 10.3% 10.1% 13.4% 14.2% 13.3% 12.0% 16.7% 15.7% 15.9% 16.2% 16.1% 14.4% 15.4% 11.2% 8.2% 5.8% 5.6% 7.0% 5.9% 5.87%
Book Value 3Y 10.3% 10.4% 10.1% 13.4% 14.1% 13.2% 12.0% 16.7% 15.7% 16.0% 16.2% 16.1% 14.4% 15.4% 11.2% 8.2% 5.8% 5.6% 7.0% 5.9% 5.87%
Dividend 3Y 23.8% 0.6% 0.4% 2.1% 2.1% 2.4% 2.5% 3.6% 3.6% 4.7% 4.5% 4.3% 4.2% 4.0% 4.0% 3.5% 3.5% 3.0% 3.0% 2.8% 2.77%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.86 0.80 0.79 0.88 0.80 0.74 0.76 0.82 0.83 0.81 0.81 0.84 0.85 0.87 0.90 0.95 0.97 0.94 0.89 0.87 0.868
Earnings Stability 0.24 0.30 0.34 0.65 0.64 0.51 0.54 0.87 0.81 0.80 0.85 0.93 0.88 0.90 0.94 0.90 0.84 0.86 0.95 0.92 0.924
Margin Stability 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.963
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.97 0.92 0.92 1.00 0.86 0.91 0.94 0.93 0.97 0.99 0.96 0.97 0.94 0.94 0.99 1.00 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.95 0.950
Earnings Smoothness 0.91 0.83 0.82 0.99 0.70 0.80 0.87 0.83 0.94 0.97 0.91 0.92 0.87 0.86 0.98 0.99 0.96 0.94 0.93 0.88 0.882
ROE Trend -0.02 -0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 -0.00 -0.02 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.01 -0.01 -0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
Gross Margin Trend -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.017
FCF Margin Trend 0.02 -0.01 -0.04 -0.05 -0.05 -0.02 -0.00 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.02 0.021
Sustainable Growth Rate 7.9% 10.2% 10.5% 9.8% 10.6% 11.1% 10.5% 10.0% 9.2% 9.3% 9.6% 9.3% 9.8% 9.7% 8.6% 8.3% 8.2% 7.8% 8.8% 9.1% 9.06%
Internal Growth Rate 4.2% 5.6% 5.9% 5.5% 6.1% 6.5% 6.2% 5.1% 4.9% 5.0% 5.2% 4.5% 4.8% 4.8% 4.2% 4.0% 4.1% 3.9% 4.4% 4.5% 4.50%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.57 1.14 0.94 0.92 0.90 1.08 1.34 1.44 1.56 1.56 1.41 1.37 1.33 1.37 1.44 1.41 1.46 1.46 1.40 1.46 1.462
FCF/OCF 0.89 0.86 0.84 0.83 0.83 0.86 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.88 0.90 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.893
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.305
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.774
CapEx/Revenue 1.8% 1.8% 1.8% 1.7% 1.7% 1.7% 1.7% 1.8% 1.8% 1.7% 1.6% 1.6% 1.6% 1.4% 1.6% 1.5% 1.4% 1.7% 1.6% 1.7% 1.70%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.429
Accruals Ratio -0.04 -0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.03 -0.03 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.034
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.046
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 2.546
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.74%
Dividend/Share $3.80 $3.90 $3.90 $4.05 $4.05 $4.20 $4.20 $4.50 $4.50 $4.80 $4.80 $5.10 $5.10 $5.40 $5.40 $5.66 $5.66 $5.89 $5.90 $6.14 $6.15
Payout Ratio 45.3% 39.8% 37.7% 39.3% 35.7% 35.1% 35.5% 36.9% 37.3% 39.1% 37.1% 38.5% 37.0% 38.4% 41.0% 43.3% 42.9% 44.6% 41.6% 41.7% 41.72%
FCF Payout Ratio 32.5% 40.3% 48.0% 51.2% 47.3% 37.8% 30.3% 29.0% 27.1% 28.2% 29.6% 31.8% 31.5% 31.0% 32.0% 34.5% 32.7% 34.9% 33.4% 32.0% 31.98%
Total Payout Ratio 45.5% 40.2% 38.1% 39.8% 36.1% 35.6% 36.0% 37.3% 37.8% 39.7% 37.7% 39.0% 37.5% 39.1% 41.7% 44.0% 43.7% 44.6% 41.6% 41.7% 41.72%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.80 0.81 0.80 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.69 0.69 0.71 0.71 0.77 0.77 0.75 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.75 0.75 0.747
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.81 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.92 0.91 0.98 0.94 0.88 0.87 0.80 0.80 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.86 0.88 0.880
EBIT Margin 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.165
Asset Turnover 0.73 0.77 0.77 0.79 0.80 0.85 0.87 0.74 0.76 0.80 0.79 0.70 0.70 0.72 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.70 0.68 0.68 0.683
Equity Multiplier 1.98 1.93 1.89 1.88 1.84 1.83 1.79 2.07 1.98 1.98 1.94 2.18 2.13 2.11 2.13 2.13 2.10 2.07 2.09 2.10 2.102
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $8.40 $9.82 $10.36 $10.30 $11.35 $11.96 $11.83 $12.21 $12.06 $12.27 $12.94 $13.25 $13.80 $14.08 $13.18 $13.08 $13.19 $13.20 $14.18 $14.72 $14.72
Book Value/Share $60.53 $62.67 $66.23 $70.55 $77.68 $77.44 $79.67 $84.35 $86.60 $82.49 $90.00 $90.11 $90.69 $96.39 $91.15 $89.41 $91.98 $91.24 $97.65 $100.10 $100.26
Tangible Book/Share $-6.58 $-6.08 $-3.52 $-5.08 $-1.83 $-4.40 $-1.91 $-35.44 $-34.34 $-32.48 $-32.15 $-32.59 $-31.45 $-34.51 $-37.46 $-36.57 $-33.21 $-32.65 $-31.17 $-33.35 $-33.35
Revenue/Share $83.46 $85.57 $89.84 $95.08 $102.18 $108.75 $113.97 $118.48 $123.03 $126.68 $129.21 $132.36 $132.84 $135.19 $137.65 $137.69 $138.11 $136.89 $134.91 $136.03 $136.36
FCF/Share $11.70 $9.68 $8.12 $7.91 $8.57 $11.13 $13.85 $15.53 $16.63 $17.04 $16.20 $16.04 $16.20 $17.40 $16.89 $16.42 $17.32 $16.88 $17.65 $19.21 $19.26
OCF/Share $13.19 $11.22 $9.71 $9.51 $10.27 $12.93 $15.81 $17.63 $18.82 $19.17 $18.25 $18.11 $18.32 $19.26 $19.03 $18.50 $19.31 $19.22 $19.83 $21.52 $21.58
Cash/Share $5.40 $3.90 $3.70 $1.54 $2.68 $3.08 $2.53 $6.00 $1.52 $1.53 $2.19 $3.25 $3.67 $4.05 $3.73 $1.88 $2.97 $1.26 $2.26 $3.48 $3.48
EBITDA/Share $16.46 $16.24 $16.97 $17.70 $19.17 $20.78 $20.85 $22.00 $22.69 $23.96 $25.50 $26.27 $27.01 $26.87 $26.06 $26.21 $26.40 $26.44 $27.39 $27.79 $27.79
Debt/Share $26.02 $25.90 $26.03 $28.38 $28.07 $30.37 $27.62 $68.04 $62.27 $58.69 $62.52 $63.69 $63.45 $66.17 $67.80 $65.85 $62.17 $63.09 $59.84 $64.27 $64.27
Net Debt/Share $20.62 $21.99 $22.32 $26.85 $25.39 $27.29 $25.09 $62.03 $60.75 $57.16 $60.33 $60.45 $59.79 $62.12 $64.07 $63.98 $59.20 $61.83 $57.57 $60.79 $60.79
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 7 9 7 6 6 7 6 5 6 6 5 8 8 8 5 6 7 6 7 7 7
Beneish M-Score -2.66 -2.37 -2.28 -2.37 -2.05 -2.29 -2.16 -2.11 -2.46 -3.03 -2.62 -2.76 -2.60 -2.20 -2.32 -2.31 -2.65 -2.95 -2.63 -2.60 -2.604
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -9.384
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-53.56
EVA snapshot only $874649781.92
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB+
Credit Score 76.50 76.50 75.90 71.55 75.90 76.50 79.65 64.45 64.70 65.95 64.70 62.20 62.20 62.20 59.70 59.70 59.70 62.20 62.20 64.70 64.700
Credit Grade snapshot only 8
Credit Trend snapshot only 5.000
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 225.000

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