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Also trades as: 2357.HK (HKSE) · $vol 8M

AVIJF OTC

AviChina Industry & Technology Company Limited
1W: +0.0% 1M: +0.0% 3M: -16.8% YTD: -26.8% 1Y: -28.9% 3Y: -24.9% 5Y: -24.8%
$0.37
+0.00 (+0.00%)
 
OTC · Industrials · Aerospace & Defense · Tech Score Sell · Power 42 · $2.3B mcap · 2.71B float · 0.0000% daily turnover · Short 100% of daily vol

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B+
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
2
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
3
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. AVIJF receives an overall rating of B+. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROA (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: ROE (2/5), D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-03 None ADDED
2026-10-03 EXISTED None
2026-09-29 None ADDED
2026-09-27 EXISTED None
2026-09-23 None ADDED
2026-09-23 EXISTED None
2026-09-19 None ADDED
2026-09-19 EXISTED None
2026-09-15 None ADDED
2026-09-13 EXISTED None

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade C
Profitability
21
Balance Sheet
71
Earnings Quality
72
Growth
29
Value
—
Momentum
61
Safety
—
Cash Flow
35

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.28
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-9.29
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A-
Score: 68.3/100
Trend: Stable
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 1.79x
Accruals: -1.4%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. AVIJF scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. AVIJF's score of -2.28 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. AVIJF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. AVIJF receives an estimated rating of A- (score: 68.3/100), with a stable trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). AVIJF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
13.10x
PEG
-0.65x
P/S
0.23x
P/B
0.60x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$6.58
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 13.1x earnings, AVIJF trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $6.58 per share, suggesting a potential 1680% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.342
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.143
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.050
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.916
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
5.811
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
10.4%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. AVIJF's ROE of 10.4% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 5.81x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance. A tax burden ratio of 0.34 suggests the company retains less than 60% of pre-tax earnings after taxes.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
5.71%
Fair P/E
19.92x
Intrinsic Value
$8.72
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with AVIJF's realized 5.7% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. AVIJF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $8.72, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 19.9x compares to the current market P/E of 13.1x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$0.37
Median 1Y
$0.31
5th Pctile
$0.13
95th Pctile
$0.77
Ann. Volatility
54.6%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
ROE 18.7% 18.9% 17.4% 17.7% 16.1% 16.7% 15.0% 17.0% 16.3% 18.6% 18.2% 20.2% 18.4% 18.4% 16.3% 16.2% 14.9% 12.6% 11.8% 10.4% 10.40%
ROA 3.6% 3.7% 3.3% 3.3% 3.1% 3.3% 2.8% 3.3% 3.2% 3.7% 3.6% 4.1% 3.2% 3.4% 3.0% 3.0% 2.4% 2.2% 2.0% 1.8% 1.79%
ROIC 33.9% 32.3% 31.4% 29.1% 28.4% 25.4% 74.1% 29.9% 31.8% 40.1% 31.1% 30.4% 9.1% 58.0% 67.8% 63.8% 57.0% 59.3% 28.9% 29.4% 29.43%
ROCE 14.1% 15.1% 13.3% 13.4% 13.1% 13.7% 12.4% 13.2% 12.1% 13.8% 13.4% 15.5% 12.8% 12.5% 11.7% 12.1% 10.6% 9.7% 9.2% 8.3% 8.25%
Gross Margin 19.4% 21.2% 24.0% 22.2% 21.5% 21.4% 22.4% 20.4% 19.3% 21.1% 19.8% 23.5% 23.1% 23.4% 25.7% 23.9% 19.4% 19.8% 18.2% 18.8% 18.84%
Operating Margin 6.5% 9.0% 7.6% 8.8% 7.6% 8.8% 5.5% 8.1% 6.7% 9.6% 6.9% 9.3% 5.8% 9.4% 6.2% 11.0% 4.4% 8.3% 3.6% 6.4% 6.40%
Net Margin 3.1% 4.0% 3.6% 4.1% 3.2% 3.5% 2.8% 4.1% 3.6% 4.3% 3.6% 3.6% 2.4% 3.8% 2.1% 3.7% 1.8% 2.8% 1.4% 2.2% 2.18%
EBITDA Margin 9.2% 12.5% 10.9% 12.5% 10.6% 11.9% 9.4% 9.1% 11.3% 12.7% 9.3% 13.6% 8.4% 12.4% 7.6% 14.6% 6.2% 11.2% 6.7% 10.9% 10.85%
FCF Margin -3.6% -1.6% -3.7% -0.9% -2.3% -3.5% 2.3% -4.8% 1.6% -0.4% -1.9% -6.1% 3.9% -4.9% -1.7% -1.7% -6.4% -1.7% -8.4% -1.6% -1.63%
OCF Margin 0.7% 3.1% 1.0% 3.7% 3.1% 1.6% 7.4% 0.8% 6.6% 4.9% 2.8% -1.6% 9.0% 0.1% 3.8% 4.0% -1.1% 3.6% -3.3% 3.5% 3.50%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 14.02%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 14.76%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 2.58%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 62.27%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 14.83%
Cash ROA snapshot only 3.05%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 20.79%
CROIC snapshot only -9.67%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 4.96%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 5.72%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 7.15%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 6.56%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.19%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 13.097
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.235
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.602
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Graham Number snapshot only $6.58
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.48 1.47 1.49 1.45 1.43 1.46 1.38 1.61 1.50 1.47 1.51 1.52 1.47 1.67 1.69 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.65 1.66 1.664
Quick Ratio 0.86 0.81 0.90 0.90 0.91 0.88 0.90 1.04 0.99 0.96 1.05 1.00 1.05 1.19 1.22 1.15 1.26 1.22 1.22 1.20 1.199
Debt/Equity 0.63 0.73 0.84 0.86 0.79 0.80 0.57 0.71 0.92 0.60 0.85 0.73 0.54 0.67 0.82 0.54 0.92 0.56 0.94 0.81 0.807
Net Debt/Equity -0.07 0.03 -0.00 0.08 -0.00 0.20 -0.65 -0.00 -0.18 -0.28 -0.07 0.09 -0.96 -0.39 -0.46 -0.41 -0.39 -0.45 0.01 -0.14 -0.140
Debt/Assets 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.11 0.15 0.18 0.12 0.17 0.15 0.09 0.12 0.14 0.09 0.16 0.10 0.16 0.14 0.138
Debt/EBITDA 1.23 1.37 1.67 1.71 1.76 1.68 1.34 1.54 2.14 1.28 1.94 1.37 1.02 1.25 1.55 1.00 1.88 1.22 2.08 1.89 1.891
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.13 0.05 -0.01 0.15 -0.00 0.42 -1.52 -0.00 -0.42 -0.59 -0.17 0.18 -1.81 -0.72 -0.86 -0.76 -0.80 -0.98 0.01 -0.33 -0.329
Interest Coverage — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 38.95 18.27 18.267
Equity Multiplier 5.19 5.30 5.37 5.46 5.07 4.99 5.31 4.88 5.03 5.10 4.98 4.96 6.37 5.77 5.86 5.77 5.92 5.81 5.90 5.85 5.852
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.344
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 30.562
Cash to Debt snapshot only 1.174
FCF to Debt snapshot only -0.103
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1673.1 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.13 1.07 0.95 0.92 0.86 0.91 0.85 0.99 0.93 1.00 0.92 1.09 0.94 1.01 1.03 1.02 0.90 0.89 0.90 0.92 0.916
Inventory Turnover 3.01 2.67 2.55 2.42 2.36 2.28 2.37 2.79 2.77 2.85 2.89 3.15 3.07 3.23 3.43 3.07 3.41 3.26 3.42 3.25 3.246
Receivables Turnover 6.88 4.88 5.37 4.76 3.86 4.56 5.34 4.61 3.57 5.40 4.21 5.01 3.61 4.77 4.39 3.64 3.58 2.95 2.92 2.56 2.561
Payables Turnover 2.93 2.87 2.42 2.29 2.40 2.27 2.34 2.61 3.45 3.23 3.15 3.39 3.60 3.54 3.74 3.02 3.21 2.60 3.11 2.67 2.666
DSO 53 75 68 77 95 80 68 79 102 68 87 73 101 77 83 100 102 124 125 143 142.5 days
DIO 121 136 143 151 155 160 154 131 132 128 126 116 119 113 106 119 107 112 107 112 112.4 days
DPO 124 127 151 159 152 161 156 140 106 113 116 108 101 103 98 121 114 141 117 137 136.9 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 50 84 60 69 98 80 67 70 128 83 97 81 119 87 92 98 95 95 114 118 118.1 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 5.721
Operating Cycle snapshot only 255.0 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 5.380
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.148
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 48.8% 30.4% 15.5% 5.2% -4.1% 3.6% 14.6% 25.7% 38.6% 43.9% 39.8% 43.8% 46.7% 45.5% 47.0% 32.2% 23.5% 10.7% 7.4% 9.6% 9.56%
Net Income 54.2% 49.7% 23.8% 20.6% 8.9% 8.8% 10.5% 16.9% 30.8% 48.1% 63.4% 61.1% 43.0% 31.0% 10.8% 3.0% -1.2% -18.1% -17.3% -27.1% -27.09%
EPS 41.5% 49.6% 23.8% 20.6% 8.4% 4.0% -28.7% -10.6% 2.3% 20.3% 95.0% 63.2% 42.0% 29.9% 7.5% -0.4% -4.6% -20.5% -17.6% -27.3% -27.28%
FCF 43.4% 79.7% -4.1% 75.6% 40.1% -1.2% 1.7% -5.8% 2.0% 84.2% -2.2% -82.1% 2.5% -17.5% -31.7% 63.2% -3.0% 61.1% -4.2% -5.7% -5.69%
EBITDA 47.8% 42.9% 23.9% 16.6% 11.1% 12.2% 17.0% 16.1% 25.8% 36.2% 37.0% 65.7% 51.5% 46.4% 41.5% 18.3% 11.4% -4.3% -5.4% -12.5% -12.49%
Op. Income 55.8% 51.9% 24.0% 14.0% 8.9% 10.0% 11.9% 18.7% 20.4% 32.0% 45.5% 58.4% 58.6% 51.3% 42.9% 28.2% 18.3% 0.5% -10.5% -24.9% -24.90%
OCF Growth snapshot only -5.17%
Asset Growth snapshot only 10.81%
Equity Growth snapshot only 9.19%
Debt Growth snapshot only 64.73%
Shares Change snapshot only 0.26%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 16.50%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 89.0% 60.3% 49.2% 39.4% 32.0% 30.6% 26.8% 28.1% 25.5% 24.8% 22.8% 23.9% 25.0% 29.5% 33.0% 33.7% 35.9% 32.4% 30.2% 27.7% 27.68%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — 99.0% 67.4% 55.1% 43.8% 39.7% 37.4% 36.2% 36.1% 33.2% 31.9% 29.1% 25.6% 23.9% 22.4% 22.44%
EPS 3Y 32.0% 24.4% 19.8% 28.2% 31.5% 24.4% 5.9% 13.4% 16.2% 23.2% 19.9% 20.7% 16.3% 17.6% 14.4% 13.2% 11.5% 7.5% 20.0% 5.7% 5.71%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — 75.0% 32.1% 20.6% 19.2% 19.1% 25.2% 27.0% 24.6% 20.0% 18.8% 16.3% 14.1% 8.8% 4.9% 4.95%
Net Income 3Y 41.0% 32.6% 27.7% 32.1% 35.7% 30.2% 26.1% 27.7% 30.0% 34.1% 30.8% 31.4% 26.8% 28.3% 26.0% 24.7% 22.7% 16.7% 14.4% 6.6% 6.56%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — 1.0% 45.0% 31.9% 30.3% 30.3% 34.1% 36.1% 33.8% 29.4% 28.2% 25.4% 20.9% 15.4% 11.3% 11.26%
EBITDA 3Y 73.4% 51.8% 42.8% 36.5% 32.3% 30.7% 28.0% 26.2% 27.3% 29.7% 25.7% 30.9% 28.4% 30.8% 31.4% 31.5% 28.5% 24.0% 22.4% 19.7% 19.71%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — 93.4% 59.9% 48.7% 39.8% 36.1% 37.4% 34.6% 34.8% 32.4% 31.5% 28.4% 25.1% 21.6% 18.4% 18.36%
Gross Profit 3Y 93.0% 62.9% 53.2% 44.2% 37.6% 35.4% 32.0% 32.0% 28.8% 28.9% 24.5% 28.1% 30.7% 35.4% 39.3% 38.5% 37.0% 31.8% 26.3% 22.6% 22.58%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — 1.1% 73.3% 59.5% 46.7% 40.9% 39.4% 39.3% 39.4% 38.9% 37.4% 33.6% 29.7% 24.8% 22.5% 22.46%
Op. Income 3Y 77.3% 56.0% 45.9% 39.2% 35.1% 33.0% 28.2% 28.9% 26.9% 30.2% 26.4% 29.0% 27.6% 30.0% 32.5% 34.1% 31.2% 26.1% 23.0% 15.1% 15.12%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — 95.1% 62.3% 48.9% 40.7% 38.3% 38.3% 36.3% 36.3% 34.4% 34.2% 30.8% 27.4% 20.9% 15.6% 15.61%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — 10.6% — -16.0% — — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y -51.0% -22.0% -41.8% 23.4% — — — — 2.3% — 43.0% — 1.9% -54.9% 1.1% 37.7% — 75.4% — 1.1% 1.08%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — 37.4% -24.6% 6.9% 2.7% -1.5% — — — — — — — — 46.5% 46.46%
Assets 3Y 36.3% 38.7% 38.7% 36.9% 34.8% 31.5% 28.4% 22.1% 28.3% 28.4% 25.9% 26.0% 35.7% 34.7% 32.8% 31.4% 31.9% 32.2% 24.2% 30.5% 30.47%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — 39.6% 29.7% 32.5% 34.8% 35.3% 33.4% 37.9% 36.2% 29.4% 29.5% 29.9% 28.2% 25.2% 25.1% 25.07%
Equity 3Y 23.6% 27.3% 29.5% 20.4% 23.9% 22.3% 26.1% 21.9% 28.6% 27.9% 28.6% 27.7% 26.8% 30.9% 29.0% 29.0% 25.3% 25.7% 20.0% 22.8% 22.82%
Book Value 3Y 15.7% 19.5% 21.5% 16.9% 20.1% 16.8% 5.8% 8.2% 14.9% 17.5% 17.8% 17.3% 16.4% 19.9% 17.1% 17.1% 13.8% 15.8% 25.9% 21.8% 21.84%
Dividend 3Y -10.0% -9.2% -4.8% -1.5% 7.5% 7.7% -1.8% 20.2% 33.3% 45.3% 73.0% 60.6% 28.9% 29.4% -14.6% -19.8% -17.6% -21.1% 12.1% 4.5% 4.47%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 1.00 1.00 0.98 0.94 0.86 0.91 0.98 0.97 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.94 0.90 0.90 0.89 0.93 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.94 0.941
Earnings Stability 0.93 0.91 0.95 0.99 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.99 0.97 0.93 0.89 0.90 0.95 0.95 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.83 0.76 0.56 0.562
Margin Stability 0.96 0.97 0.96 0.94 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.94 0.92 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.91 0.90 0.900
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.80 0.90 0.92 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.93 0.88 0.81 0.50 0.50 0.83 0.88 0.96 0.99 1.00 0.93 0.93 0.89 0.892
Earnings Smoothness 0.57 0.60 0.79 0.81 0.91 0.92 0.90 0.84 0.73 0.61 0.52 0.53 0.65 0.73 0.90 0.97 0.99 0.80 0.81 0.69 0.687
ROE Trend 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 -0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 -0.06 -0.061
Gross Margin Trend -0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.00 -0.02 -0.04 -0.035
FCF Margin Trend 0.05 0.09 0.03 0.08 0.04 0.03 0.06 -0.02 0.05 0.02 -0.01 -0.03 0.04 -0.03 -0.02 0.04 -0.09 0.01 -0.07 0.02 0.022
Sustainable Growth Rate 16.9% 17.3% 15.7% 16.0% 14.2% 14.8% 12.9% 13.7% 11.4% 12.9% 7.8% 7.1% 7.6% 6.3% 9.3% 9.1% 8.3% 6.2% 4.3% 3.1% 3.14%
Internal Growth Rate 3.4% 3.4% 3.0% 3.1% 2.8% 3.0% 2.5% 2.7% 2.3% 2.6% 1.5% 1.5% 1.3% 1.2% 1.7% 1.7% 1.4% 1.1% 0.7% 0.5% 0.54%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 0.23 0.90 0.28 1.03 0.85 0.44 2.25 0.24 1.90 1.34 0.72 -0.43 2.66 0.04 1.29 1.38 -0.41 1.48 -1.49 1.79 1.794
FCF/OCF -4.93 -0.53 -3.91 -0.24 -0.73 -2.25 0.31 -5.93 0.25 -0.08 -0.69 3.78 0.43 -37.63 -0.46 -0.42 5.71 -0.47 2.52 -0.47 -0.465
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -0.835
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.419
CapEx/Revenue 4.4% 4.7% 4.7% 4.6% 5.4% 5.1% 5.1% 5.6% 5.0% 5.3% 4.7% 4.5% 5.1% 5.0% 5.5% 5.7% 5.2% 5.3% 5.1% 5.1% 5.13%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.524
Accruals Ratio 0.03 0.00 0.02 -0.00 0.00 0.02 -0.04 0.03 -0.03 -0.01 0.01 0.06 -0.05 0.03 -0.01 -0.01 0.03 -0.01 0.05 -0.01 -0.014
Sloan Accruals snapshot only 0.004
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.539
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.15%
Dividend/Share $0.04 $0.03 $0.04 $0.04 $0.05 $0.05 $0.04 $0.07 $0.13 $0.15 $0.32 $0.39 $0.35 $0.43 $0.26 $0.26 $0.26 $0.26 $0.31 $0.31 $0.06
Payout Ratio 9.5% 8.7% 9.6% 9.2% 11.9% 11.5% 13.9% 19.6% 30.2% 30.7% 57.3% 65.1% 58.4% 65.9% 43.1% 43.6% 44.2% 50.6% 63.7% 69.8% 69.80%
FCF Payout Ratio — — — — — — 19.9% — 64.4% — — — 50.9% — — — — — — — —
Total Payout Ratio 9.5% 8.7% 9.6% 9.2% 11.9% 11.5% 13.9% 19.6% 33.9% 33.9% 60.7% 68.2% 58.9% 66.4% 43.2% 43.7% 44.4% 50.9% 63.9% 70.0% 70.05%
Div. Increase Streak 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.43 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.41 0.41 0.38 0.36 0.36 0.35 0.34 0.35 0.34 0.342
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 1.04 1.02 1.02 1.03 1.02 1.00 1.02 1.04 1.10 1.12 1.11 1.12 1.09 1.11 1.14 1.13 1.16 1.17 1.14 1.14 1.143
EBIT Margin 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.050
Asset Turnover 1.13 1.07 0.95 0.92 0.86 0.91 0.85 0.99 0.93 1.00 0.92 1.09 0.94 1.01 1.03 1.02 0.90 0.89 0.90 0.92 0.916
Equity Multiplier 5.13 5.18 5.34 5.32 5.12 5.13 5.34 5.14 5.05 5.05 5.12 4.92 5.77 5.48 5.45 5.40 6.12 5.79 5.88 5.81 5.811
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.39 $0.40 $0.40 $0.41 $0.42 $0.42 $0.28 $0.37 $0.43 $0.50 $0.56 $0.61 $0.61 $0.65 $0.60 $0.60 $0.58 $0.52 $0.49 $0.44 $0.44
Book Value/Share $2.31 $2.31 $2.47 $2.51 $2.89 $2.77 $2.19 $2.43 $3.00 $3.11 $3.47 $3.52 $3.64 $3.98 $3.95 $4.04 $4.27 $4.30 $4.38 $4.40 $12.49
Tangible Book/Share $1.91 $1.99 $2.08 $2.12 $2.51 $2.41 $2.13 $2.36 $2.63 $2.74 $3.05 $3.10 $3.29 $3.47 $3.44 $3.53 $3.76 $3.80 $3.88 $3.90 $3.90
Revenue/Share $11.94 $11.74 $11.64 $11.48 $11.41 $11.62 $8.61 $11.04 $12.37 $13.59 $14.36 $16.07 $18.02 $19.61 $20.48 $20.52 $21.47 $21.07 $21.93 $22.43 $11.24
FCF/Share $-0.43 $-0.19 $-0.43 $-0.10 $-0.26 $-0.41 $0.20 $-0.53 $0.20 $-0.05 $-0.28 $-0.97 $0.70 $-0.96 $-0.35 $-0.35 $-1.37 $-0.36 $-1.84 $-0.37 $-0.46
OCF/Share $0.09 $0.36 $0.11 $0.43 $0.36 $0.18 $0.64 $0.09 $0.81 $0.67 $0.40 $-0.26 $1.62 $0.03 $0.77 $0.83 $-0.24 $0.76 $-0.73 $0.79 $0.14
Cash/Share $1.61 $1.63 $2.08 $1.97 $2.30 $1.67 $2.68 $1.73 $3.29 $2.73 $3.22 $2.25 $5.49 $4.20 $5.07 $3.80 $5.58 $4.34 $4.10 $4.17 $4.17
EBITDA/Share $1.18 $1.23 $1.24 $1.26 $1.31 $1.32 $0.94 $1.12 $1.29 $1.46 $1.53 $1.88 $1.94 $2.12 $2.10 $2.15 $2.08 $1.97 $1.98 $1.88 $1.88
Debt/Share $1.46 $1.69 $2.07 $2.16 $2.30 $2.22 $1.25 $1.73 $2.75 $1.87 $2.96 $2.58 $1.98 $2.66 $3.25 $2.16 $3.92 $2.41 $4.13 $3.55 $3.55
Net Debt/Share $-0.15 $0.06 $-0.01 $0.19 $-0.00 $0.55 $-1.43 $-0.00 $-0.54 $-0.86 $-0.26 $0.33 $-3.51 $-1.54 $-1.81 $-1.64 $-1.66 $-1.93 $0.03 $-0.62 $-0.62
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 7 7 7 7 3 3 4 6 6 7 6 5 7 7 7 7 3 5 2 4 4
Beneish M-Score -1.93 -3.49 -2.54 -2.64 -2.48 -1.99 -2.28 -1.92 -2.17 -1.99 -1.65 -1.61 -1.90 -1.64 -2.06 -1.92 -1.97 -2.19 -1.73 -2.28 -2.280
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -9.287
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 9.37%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $6.94
EVA snapshot only $5870770061.49
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q4'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A-
Credit Score 63.35 64.55 63.35 64.55 64.55 63.35 68.45 65.90 66.80 65.15 66.50 65.30 73.10 65.90 67.10 67.70 65.30 67.70 66.30 68.35 68.350
Credit Grade snapshot only 7
Credit Trend snapshot only 0.650
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 175.000

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