— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: CBA.AX (ASX) · $vol 224M · CMWAY (OTC) · $vol 6M · CBAPK.AX (ASX) · $vol 1M · CBA.SW (SIX)

CBAUF OTC

Commonwealth Bank of Australia
1W: -4.1% 1M: -15.2% 3M: -14.1% YTD: -2.0% 1Y: -0.8% 3Y: +80.5% 5Y: +85.0%
$106.54
+0.00 (+0.00%)
 
OTC · Financial Services · Banks - Diversified · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 38 · $178.1B mcap · 1.67B float · 0.0000% daily turnover · Short 69% of daily vol

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

B
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
4
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
2
P/B
1
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. CBAUF receives an overall rating of B. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROE (4/5), ROA (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5), P/E (2/5), P/B (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 C+ B
2026-07-14 B- C+
2026-07-02 C+ B-
2026-06-30 None ADDED
2026-05-12 EXISTED None
2026-05-07 None ADDED
2026-03-08 EXISTED None
2026-03-03 None ADDED
2026-02-03 EXISTED None
2026-01-29 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade D
Profitability
61
Balance Sheet
26
Earnings Quality
71
Growth
66
Value
—
Momentum
63
Safety
—
Cash Flow
17

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman-B Score
1.74
Grey Zone
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
1.63
Possible Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-7.04
Bankruptcy prob: 0.1%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
BBB-
Score: 52.3/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
25/100
OCF/NI: 0.40x
Accruals: 0.9%
The Altman-B Score replaces the traditional Z-Score for banks and financial institutions. It weights equity-to-assets, return on assets, retained earnings, market value coverage, and cash reserves — metrics that better capture bank solvency than manufacturing-oriented ratios. CBAUF scores 1.74, placing it in the Grey Zone (safe > 3.0, distress < 1.5). Financial distress is possible and warrants monitoring. The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. CBAUF scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. CBAUF's score of 1.63 exceeds the −1.78 red flag threshold — this does not confirm manipulation but indicates the earnings profile resembles past manipulators statistically. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. CBAUF's implied 0.1% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. CBAUF receives an estimated rating of BBB- (score: 52.3/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). CBAUF's score of 25/100 is low — reported earnings may not be fully supported by cash flows.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
23.30x
PEG
3.21x
P/S
3.60x
P/B
3.22x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$166.43
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 23.3x earnings, CBAUF commands a growth premium. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $166.43 per share, suggesting a potential 56% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.698
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
1.348
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.159
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.104
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
17.830
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
27.7%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. CBAUF's ROE of 27.7% is driven by financial leverage (equity multiplier: 17.83x). Note: high leverage means ROE is amplified by debt rather than operational performance.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
15.00%
Fair P/E
38.50x
Intrinsic Value
$698.34
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with CBAUF's realized 15.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. CBAUF actually compounded EPS at 23.9% over three years; the model uses 15%, the highest rate it will extrapolate — of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it over the following seven years. CBAUF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $698.34, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 38.5x compares to the current market P/E of 23.3x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$106.54
Median 1Y
$102.22
5th Pctile
$39.90
95th Pctile
$263.93
Ann. Volatility
60.5%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees
36,600
+3.7% YoY
Revenue / Employee
$318,197
Rev: $11,646,000,000
Profit / Employee
$107,322
NI: $3,928,000,000
SGA / Employee
$8,388
Avg labor cost proxy

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
ROE 33.4% 33.1% 32.8% 30.6% 29.8% 27.9% 29.0% 26.5% 25.8% 26.7% 26.8% 28.9% 28.8% 27.8% 26.8% 26.8% 26.4% 25.9% 26.8% 27.7% 27.70%
ROA 2.1% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 1.9% 2.0% 1.8% 1.8% 1.9% 1.8% 1.9% 1.9% 1.8% 1.6% 1.6% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.6% 1.55%
ROIC 7.9% 8.0% 7.3% 8.5% 8.3% 7.4% 7.6% 7.6% 7.6% 11.4% 8.2% 13.6% 10.5% 14.2% 9.2% 13.0% 10.8% 8.8% 10.8% 8.8% 8.75%
ROCE 10.9% 5.7% 10.2% 6.1% 6.0% 9.8% 8.9% 8.9% 8.1% 9.5% 8.8% 9.7% 9.3% 9.1% 2.3% -0.2% -4.5% -6.5% -0.5% 1.7% 1.68%
Gross Margin 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 2.6% 1.0% 26.6% 42.5% 41.3% 41.28%
Operating Margin 56.3% 60.3% 58.6% 61.2% 55.9% 42.3% 35.3% 27.4% 37.2% 49.5% 47.8% 52.0% 36.1% 26.3% 59.0% 57.8% 58.6% 13.0% 21.1% 23.9% 23.87%
Net Margin 40.0% 39.4% 41.0% 38.4% 39.4% 19.8% 32.0% 20.5% 31.3% 36.2% 40.6% 33.3% 23.6% 18.4% 36.2% 35.8% 37.3% 8.9% 15.4% 15.4% 15.42%
EBITDA Margin -0.2% -5.2% -1.4% -6.4% -0.6% 44.7% 77.3% 64.1% 82.8% 1.1% 1.0% 1.1% 76.3% 56.0% -1.2% 5.4% 0.0% 13.0% 23.2% 23.4% 23.45%
FCF Margin -1.7% -2.0% -1.8% -1.7% -59.6% -39.3% 37.8% 17.0% 43.7% 20.2% 26.8% 58.1% 3.5% 36.1% -15.0% -55.7% -80.1% -1.1% -71.8% -43.3% -43.30%
OCF Margin -1.7% -1.9% -1.7% -1.6% -58.4% -37.7% 38.3% 18.8% 45.4% 21.9% 28.7% 58.9% 4.2% 38.4% -12.7% -53.1% -77.1% -41.2% -10.9% 6.1% 6.06%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 27.40%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 27.33%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 1.58%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 13.32%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 5.69%
Cash ROA snapshot only 0.59%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 3.41%
CROIC snapshot only -24.38%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 15.54%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 21.44%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 9.88%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.11%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 23.300
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.596
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.217
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 3.209
Graham Number snapshot only $166.43
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Current Ratio 0.17 — 0.22 — — 0.17 0.19 0.18 0.13 0.23 0.24 0.29 0.27 0.28 — — 0.09 0.06 0.09 1.20 1.197
Quick Ratio 0.23 — 0.30 — — 0.22 0.24 0.24 0.27 0.23 0.24 0.48 0.27 0.47 — — 0.09 0.06 0.09 1.20 1.197
Debt/Equity 3.22 3.33 3.66 2.98 2.94 3.30 3.14 2.82 2.77 2.04 3.27 2.58 3.33 2.54 3.50 1.86 2.71 2.74 2.69 3.92 3.916
Net Debt/Equity 2.98 2.97 3.29 2.63 2.61 3.06 2.86 2.44 2.18 0.91 1.83 0.93 1.71 1.03 2.13 1.22 1.61 2.04 1.52 2.17 2.171
Debt/Assets 0.21 0.21 0.24 0.20 0.20 0.23 0.23 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.21 0.15 0.20 0.15 0.20 0.11 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.21 0.212
Debt/EBITDA -196.71 -153.29 -176.88 -120.56 -119.75 28.98 9.71 5.85 4.37 2.95 4.51 3.14 3.79 2.88 7.80 8.14 2370.31 -27.73 12.94 12.96 12.964
Net Debt/EBITDA -182.05 -136.79 -159.17 -106.28 -106.49 26.87 8.85 5.06 3.44 1.32 2.52 1.13 1.95 1.17 4.76 5.31 1407.79 -20.61 7.33 7.19 7.187
Interest Coverage — — — — — 18.16 10.24 6.89 5.74 8.75 11.08 13.54 10.27 6.63 2.29 -0.14 -1.25 -2.43 -0.08 0.56 0.557
Equity Multiplier 15.53 15.86 15.50 14.68 14.41 14.03 13.78 14.12 14.10 13.88 15.40 16.69 16.99 17.49 17.52 17.16 17.39 17.19 18.24 18.45 18.455
Cash Ratio snapshot only 1.154
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 0.592
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.446
FCF to Debt snapshot only -0.197
Defensive Interval snapshot only 1902.2 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.104
Inventory Turnover — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 4.68 — 4.41 — 8.33 — 12.60 — — 51.85 — 47.89 — 22.42 — 19.90 — 20.62 — 27.73 27.733
Payables Turnover 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — -0.39 — -0.27 — -2.47 — 1.89 — 14.17 14.174
DSO 78 0 83 0 44 0 29 0 0 7 0 8 0 16 0 18 0 18 0 13 13.2 days
DIO — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -1016 0 0 0.0 days
DPO — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 193 0 26 25.8 days
Cash Conversion Cycle — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -1191 0 -13 -12.6 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 38.970
Cash Velocity snapshot only 1.023
Capital Intensity snapshot only 10.336
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 8.9% 9.2% 7.6% 6.1% 5.0% 19.4% 32.8% 40.8% 48.7% 18.5% -2.6% -12.4% -8.5% 17.5% 24.6% 26.3% 2.0% 22.8% 53.0% 87.1% 87.09%
Net Income 12.2% 8.2% 7.6% 6.1% 5.0% -1.5% 2.8% -4.8% -3.2% 8.7% 0.3% 15.2% 14.8% 5.5% 1.3% -6.8% -8.1% -6.6% 1.7% 7.6% 7.62%
EPS 5.2% 2.3% 1.0% 1.0% -1.0% -6.3% -0.6% -8.0% -4.8% 8.0% 2.1% 21.1% 22.4% 13.4% 5.1% -5.1% -0.5% -0.9% 8.5% 65.4% 65.41%
FCF -2.8% -1.6% -40.0% -8.1% 63.2% 76.3% 1.3% 1.1% 2.1% 1.6% -30.9% 2.0% -92.6% 1.1% -1.7% -2.2% -24.2% -4.9% -6.3% -45.4% -45.41%
EBITDA -3.7% -1.0% -25.8% -33.6% -69.4% 6.9% 18.6% 22.3% 29.5% 5.9% 1.4% 73.0% 33.7% 16.1% -39.7% -72.1% -99.9% -1.1% -50.9% 42.0% 41.97%
Op. Income 12.1% 11.1% 8.7% 8.9% 8.4% 9.1% 5.8% -7.4% -9.9% -17.3% -16.2% 4.6% 15.5% 20.7% 23.7% 9.6% 2.5% 3.5% -0.8% 3.3% 3.31%
OCF Growth snapshot only 1.21%
Asset Growth snapshot only 15.66%
Equity Growth snapshot only 7.53%
Debt Growth snapshot only 1.26%
Shares Change snapshot only -34.94%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 69.20%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue 3Y — — — — — 74.3% 45.2% 29.3% 19.3% 15.6% 11.7% 9.4% 12.6% 18.5% 17.3% 15.9% 11.5% 19.6% 22.9% 27.4% 27.44%
Revenue 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 49.1% 30.0% 19.0% 9.7% 17.4% 21.6% 25.3% 25.33%
EPS 3Y — — — — — 64.9% 31.7% 10.8% -0.3% 1.2% 0.8% 4.0% 4.9% 4.7% 2.2% 1.9% 5.0% 6.7% 5.2% 23.9% 23.89%
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 40.6% 19.6% 9.4% 3.8% 3.1% 3.2% 12.0% 12.05%
Net Income 3Y — — — — — 71.6% 36.7% 15.5% 4.5% 5.0% 3.5% 5.2% 5.3% 4.1% 1.5% 0.7% 0.7% 2.3% 1.1% 4.9% 4.93%
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 42.1% 21.0% 10.6% 3.8% 2.7% 2.7% 3.1% 3.13%
EBITDA 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -11.3% -11.8% -11.81%
EBITDA 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Gross Profit 3Y — — — — — 74.3% 45.2% 29.3% 19.3% 15.6% 11.7% 10.4% 13.6% 19.3% 18.1% 25.9% 22.2% 10.6% 7.0% -5.0% -4.95%
Gross Profit 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 49.8% 30.6% 25.1% 15.8% 12.0% 11.8% 5.1% 5.11%
Op. Income 3Y — — — — — 73.8% 38.7% 15.4% 3.1% 0.1% -1.2% 1.8% 4.1% 2.9% 3.1% 2.0% 2.2% 1.1% 0.9% 5.8% 5.78%
Op. Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 39.3% 22.6% 12.0% 5.3% 4.6% 3.4% 3.6% 3.62%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — 63.5% -8.9% — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.1% — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y — — — — — — 54.5% -7.9% — — — — — — — — — — — -12.7% -12.69%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.9% — — — — — — —
Assets 3Y — — — — — 10.7% 9.1% 9.1% 10.1% 8.7% 9.6% 10.4% 9.6% 8.8% 9.3% 9.2% 10.1% 11.5% 12.9% 12.6% 12.62%
Assets 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — 11.8% 11.1% 9.9% 10.6% 9.7% 10.0% 9.9% 9.94%
Equity 3Y — — — — — 19.2% 16.5% 15.7% 15.4% 15.9% 12.5% 7.1% 6.4% 5.3% 4.9% 3.7% 3.4% 4.2% 2.8% 3.0% 3.00%
Book Value 3Y — — — — — 14.6% 12.2% 11.0% 10.1% 11.7% 9.6% 5.9% 6.0% 5.9% 5.6% 4.9% 7.8% 8.7% 7.0% 21.6% 21.60%
Dividend 3Y — — — — — -2.8% -0.0% 4.2% -2.4% -4.6% -8.0% -10.7% -0.0% 5.7% 8.7% 12.7% 10.9% 9.0% 8.3% 21.9% 21.91%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Revenue Stability — 0.83 0.84 0.87 0.98 0.84 0.93 0.93 0.77 0.97 0.82 0.59 0.70 0.98 0.95 0.87 0.71 0.96 0.79 0.66 0.657
Earnings Stability — 0.82 0.84 0.86 0.96 0.66 0.73 0.61 0.64 0.63 0.63 0.72 0.82 0.62 0.57 0.61 0.65 0.69 0.83 0.61 0.608
Margin Stability — 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.88 0.87 0.90 0.83 0.66 0.663
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence — 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.97 1.00 0.94 0.94 0.98 0.99 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.99 0.97 0.970
Earnings Smoothness 0.88 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.99 0.97 0.95 0.97 0.92 1.00 0.86 0.86 0.95 0.99 0.93 0.92 0.93 0.98 0.93 0.927
ROE Trend — 0.09 0.05 0.01 -0.04 -0.06 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.010
Gross Margin Trend — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.27 0.30 -0.22 -0.35 -0.74 -0.740
FCF Margin Trend — -2.66 -1.23 -1.09 0.50 1.01 1.95 1.82 1.59 1.39 0.97 1.33 0.11 0.46 -0.47 -0.93 -1.04 -1.42 -0.78 -0.44 -0.445
Sustainable Growth Rate 11.3% 12.2% 12.2% 12.5% 11.4% 9.3% 9.1% 5.4% 8.2% 10.9% 11.4% 14.2% 11.5% 9.6% 7.7% 6.6% 5.6% 5.2% 5.6% 6.3% 6.30%
Internal Growth Rate 0.7% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.6% 0.6% 0.4% 0.6% 0.8% 0.8% 0.9% 0.7% 0.6% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.4% 0.35%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
OCF/Net Income -4.20 -4.93 -4.38 -4.09 -1.48 -1.16 1.24 0.70 1.76 0.73 0.91 1.67 0.13 1.44 -0.49 -2.04 -2.65 -2.02 -0.63 0.40 0.405
FCF/OCF 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.04 0.99 0.90 0.96 0.92 0.94 0.99 0.83 0.94 1.19 1.05 1.04 2.77 6.60 -7.15 -7.148
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -2.893
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.358
CapEx/Revenue 4.0% 3.9% 3.9% 3.9% 1.2% 1.6% 0.5% 1.8% 1.7% 1.7% 1.9% 0.8% 0.7% 2.3% 2.3% 2.6% 2.9% 22.9% 20.1% 15.3% 15.26%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 14.294
Accruals Ratio 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.05 0.04 -0.00 0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.00 -0.01 0.02 -0.01 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.009
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.023
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.226
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.250
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.33%
Dividend/Share $6.72 $6.47 $6.53 $6.15 $6.22 $6.38 $7.06 $7.60 $6.54 $6.15 $6.06 $5.88 $7.05 $7.68 $7.90 $8.28 $9.17 $9.30 $9.49 $14.01 $5.05
Payout Ratio 66.1% 63.2% 62.9% 59.3% 61.8% 66.5% 68.5% 79.7% 68.3% 59.4% 57.5% 50.9% 60.2% 65.3% 71.4% 75.5% 78.7% 79.8% 79.0% 77.2% 77.24%
FCF Payout Ratio — — — — — — 55.7% 1.3% 40.3% 87.7% 67.9% 30.9% 5.5% 48.4% — — — — — — —
Total Payout Ratio 76.2% 73.1% 68.9% 65.3% 62.3% 70.2% 71.6% 83.3% 71.9% 60.0% 88.9% 82.5% 97.6% 1.1% 88.3% 90.9% 87.3% 82.5% 80.8% 78.6% 78.58%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.72 0.79 0.82 0.88 0.89 0.87 0.86 0.80 0.78 0.72 0.70 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.698
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.46 0.46 0.49 0.48 0.48 0.47 0.44 0.44 0.43 0.44 0.45 0.92 -11.16 -1.51 -1.09 -13.69 1.35 1.348
EBIT Margin 1.17 1.19 1.19 1.21 1.21 0.92 0.81 0.67 0.62 0.77 0.83 0.96 0.93 0.77 0.39 -0.03 -0.28 -0.27 -0.02 0.16 0.159
Asset Turnover 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.104
Equity Multiplier 15.84 16.31 16.02 14.94 14.94 14.89 14.59 14.38 14.25 13.95 14.61 15.41 15.52 15.60 16.45 16.92 17.19 17.33 17.89 17.83 17.830
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $10.16 $10.24 $10.38 $10.37 $10.06 $9.60 $10.31 $9.54 $9.58 $10.36 $10.53 $11.55 $11.72 $11.75 $11.07 $10.97 $11.65 $11.65 $12.01 $18.14 $18.14
Book Value/Share $33.65 $33.90 $34.58 $35.58 $35.84 $36.63 $37.66 $37.74 $38.86 $41.15 $40.27 $40.15 $40.05 $40.29 $40.73 $41.06 $44.96 $47.03 $46.11 $67.87 $47.07
Tangible Book/Share $23.42 $28.37 $24.78 $30.67 $31.54 $29.29 $30.39 $31.35 $32.53 $34.74 $33.60 $33.43 $33.19 $33.15 $36.53 $36.79 $40.31 $42.21 $41.16 $60.52 $60.52
Revenue/Share $25.71 $25.97 $26.09 $26.14 $25.44 $29.49 $33.50 $35.57 $37.19 $34.74 $33.24 $32.75 $36.25 $43.90 $42.94 $42.14 $40.00 $57.23 $70.12 $121.18 $42.12
FCF/Share $-43.73 $-51.53 $-46.48 $-43.45 $-15.17 $-11.60 $12.67 $6.06 $16.26 $7.01 $8.92 $19.02 $1.28 $15.87 $-6.44 $-23.48 $-32.03 $-65.27 $-50.32 $-52.47 $0.00
OCF/Share $-42.70 $-50.51 $-45.46 $-42.44 $-14.85 $-11.11 $12.84 $6.70 $16.89 $7.61 $9.54 $19.28 $1.53 $16.88 $-5.43 $-22.37 $-30.85 $-23.58 $-7.62 $7.34 $-0.11
Cash/Share $8.08 $12.16 $12.67 $12.58 $11.67 $8.77 $10.39 $14.33 $22.96 $46.30 $58.02 $66.33 $64.89 $60.75 $55.62 $26.58 $49.45 $33.14 $53.67 $118.42 $28.98
EBITDA/Share $-0.55 $-0.74 $-0.72 $-0.88 $-0.88 $4.17 $12.17 $18.16 $24.65 $28.43 $29.20 $33.02 $35.14 $35.48 $18.25 $9.39 $0.05 $-4.66 $9.57 $20.50 $20.50
Debt/Share $108.41 $112.99 $126.57 $106.16 $105.37 $120.77 $118.07 $106.31 $107.67 $83.90 $131.66 $103.64 $133.31 $102.18 $142.46 $76.49 $121.77 $129.09 $123.84 $265.77 $265.77
Net Debt/Share $100.34 $100.83 $113.91 $93.58 $93.69 $112.00 $107.68 $91.98 $84.70 $37.61 $73.64 $37.31 $68.42 $41.43 $86.84 $49.90 $72.32 $95.96 $70.17 $147.35 $147.35
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Altman-B Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.737
Piotroski F-Score 2 4 3 3 4 2 6 4 5 6 5 8 6 7 4 5 3 3 4 4 4
Beneish M-Score -1.93 -1.83 -1.93 -1.93 -3.12 -1.58 -2.81 -2.10 -2.19 -2.68 -2.76 -2.72 -2.00 -1.71 -2.43 -1.04 -2.63 -0.05 -0.04 1.63 1.627
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -7.038
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 82.77%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-1061.80
EVA snapshot only $-3113525074.93
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'16 Q2'17 Q4'17 Q2'18 Q2'19 Q4'19 Q2'20 Q4'20 Q2'21 Q4'21 Q2'22 Q4'22 Q2'23 Q4'23 Q2'24 Q4'24 Q2'25 Q4'25 Q2'26 Q4'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only BBB-
Credit Score 47.20 52.90 47.20 52.90 52.90 47.20 51.10 50.80 52.90 58.00 55.60 57.10 54.10 52.30 52.30 53.50 46.60 45.60 46.80 52.30 52.300
Credit Grade snapshot only 10
Credit Trend snapshot only -1.200
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 350.000

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