— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: XTC.TO (TSX) · $vol 0M

EXCOF OTC

Exco Technologies Limited
1W: +1.9% 1M: -1.5% 3M: +6.3% YTD: +16.1% 1Y: +22.6% 3Y: +15.7% 5Y: -6.7%
$5.76
-0.04 (-0.69%)
 
OTC · Consumer Cyclical · Auto - Parts · Tech Score Neutral · Power 58 · $216.6M mcap · 17M float · 0.0083% daily turnover · Short 52% of daily vol

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
4
ROE
3
ROA
5
D/E
2
P/E
4
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. EXCOF receives an overall rating of A. Strongest factors: DCF (4/5), ROA (5/5), P/E (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (2/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-10-01 A- A
2026-08-14 A A-
2026-07-02 A- A
2026-06-30 None ADDED
2026-06-28 EXISTED None
2026-06-23 None ADDED
2026-06-21 EXISTED None
2026-06-16 None ADDED
2026-06-10 EXISTED None
2026-06-02 None ADDED

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade B
Profitability
19
Balance Sheet
76
Earnings Quality
70
Growth
41
Value
—
Momentum
72
Safety
—
Cash Flow
43

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
6/9
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗
Beneish M-Score
-2.37
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-8.48
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
A
Score: 75.0/100
Trend: Improving
Earnings Quality
100/100
OCF/NI: 2.20x
Accruals: -4.8%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. EXCOF scores 6/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. EXCOF's score of -2.37 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. EXCOF's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. EXCOF receives an estimated rating of A (score: 75.0/100), with a improving trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). EXCOF's score of 100/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
12.95x
PEG
2.68x
P/S
0.51x
P/B
0.76x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$12.76
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 13.0x earnings, EXCOF trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $12.76 per share, suggesting a potential 121% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.802
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
0.877
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.056
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
1.015
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
1.517
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
6.1%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. EXCOF's ROE of 6.1% is driven by Asset Turnover (1.015), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
4.07%
Fair P/E
16.63x
Intrinsic Value
$10.91
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with EXCOF's realized 4.1% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. EXCOF trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $10.91, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 16.6x compares to the current market P/E of 13.0x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$5.76
Median 1Y
$5.69
5th Pctile
$3.27
95th Pctile
$10.01
Ann. Volatility
32.3%
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical
All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
ROE 11.4% 9.0% 7.0% 6.1% 5.5% 6.0% 6.3% 6.5% 7.3% 7.5% 7.8% 8.4% 7.9% 7.4% 6.8% 6.1% 6.2% 6.3% 6.0% 6.1% 6.08%
ROA 9.1% 7.2% 5.5% 4.2% 3.7% 4.1% 4.2% 3.9% 4.4% 4.6% 4.8% 5.1% 4.9% 4.7% 4.4% 3.9% 4.0% 4.2% 3.9% 4.0% 4.01%
ROIC 11.8% 9.3% 7.1% 5.3% 4.6% 5.2% 5.6% 6.0% 8.5% 8.7% 9.0% 11.0% 9.2% 8.5% 7.8% 6.0% 6.0% 6.1% 5.8% 5.8% 5.80%
ROCE 13.7% 11.0% 8.4% 6.6% 5.9% 6.5% 7.0% 7.5% 8.4% 8.8% 9.2% 9.8% 9.3% 9.1% 8.6% 7.2% 6.4% 6.5% 6.0% 6.6% 6.62%
Gross Margin 22.6% 19.6% 19.4% 20.3% 20.0% 20.6% 21.1% 20.3% 22.3% 21.0% 20.1% 21.5% 22.2% 19.1% 21.3% 19.8% 19.7% 20.9% 15.4% 13.5% 13.53%
Operating Margin 9.2% 3.7% 5.7% 6.2% 6.4% 5.5% 6.4% 6.3% 15.5% 6.1% 7.7% 13.7% 7.9% 5.6% 6.7% 3.8% 5.8% 5.4% 5.6% 5.7% 5.68%
Net Margin 6.7% 2.7% 4.3% 4.3% 4.0% 3.3% 4.0% 3.8% 5.8% 3.6% 4.9% 5.1% 5.0% 3.0% 3.9% 3.5% 5.5% 3.2% 3.7% 3.5% 3.49%
EBITDA Margin 14.4% 9.3% 10.5% 11.3% 11.8% 10.9% 11.5% 11.3% 14.3% 11.5% 13.0% 13.8% 13.3% 11.6% 11.8% 9.5% 11.9% 11.6% 11.4% 11.3% 11.29%
FCF Margin 2.0% 0.4% -2.4% -3.1% -6.1% -4.5% -4.1% -1.5% 3.1% 2.6% 5.2% 5.5% 7.5% 7.9% 6.0% 6.4% 4.8% 5.3% 6.0% 4.8% 4.82%
OCF Margin 10.4% 10.5% 9.0% 7.6% 4.8% 5.0% 4.8% 6.1% 9.4% 9.5% 11.1% 11.0% 12.8% 12.7% 11.3% 11.8% 10.7% 10.6% 10.9% 8.7% 8.69%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 6.71%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only 6.49%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 4.34%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only 5.57%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 5.65%
Cash ROA snapshot only 8.67%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 11.18%
CROIC snapshot only 6.20%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 4.51%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 4.92%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.00%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 8.69%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 0.11%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 12.954
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.507
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.764
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
PEG Ratio snapshot only 2.677
Graham Number snapshot only $12.76
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Current Ratio 2.61 2.51 2.50 2.06 2.21 2.54 2.39 2.34 2.48 2.61 2.77 2.80 2.73 2.83 2.69 2.86 2.70 3.00 2.70 2.82 2.823
Quick Ratio 1.55 1.42 1.48 1.22 1.34 1.47 1.42 1.41 1.45 1.47 1.63 1.63 1.57 1.53 1.60 1.72 1.58 1.69 1.59 1.67 1.670
Debt/Equity 0.02 0.04 0.08 0.27 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.31 0.33 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.234
Net Debt/Equity -0.05 -0.03 -0.00 0.19 0.28 0.28 0.30 0.28 0.27 0.29 0.27 0.25 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.17 0.171
Debt/Assets 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.17 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.155
Debt/EBITDA 0.09 0.24 0.50 1.77 2.15 2.00 1.92 1.83 1.56 1.58 1.46 1.36 1.37 1.26 1.29 1.42 1.41 1.39 1.45 1.34 1.344
Net Debt/EBITDA -0.26 -0.19 -0.00 1.26 1.83 1.69 1.72 1.52 1.35 1.37 1.25 1.12 0.98 1.03 1.06 1.10 1.08 1.04 1.12 0.98 0.981
Interest Coverage 114.50 85.89 53.68 24.09 11.18 7.55 5.77 5.13 5.28 5.27 5.45 5.71 5.77 6.13 6.81 6.55 6.66 7.30 7.24 8.36 8.359
Equity Multiplier 1.25 1.25 1.31 1.60 1.67 1.64 1.66 1.67 1.65 1.62 1.60 1.59 1.59 1.53 1.54 1.53 1.51 1.48 1.52 1.51 1.508
Cash Ratio snapshot only 0.272
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 17.189
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.270
FCF to Debt snapshot only 0.311
Defensive Interval snapshot only 754.6 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Asset Turnover 1.10 1.05 1.03 0.94 0.97 1.05 1.08 1.04 1.04 1.07 1.06 1.06 1.05 1.04 1.03 1.02 1.01 1.04 0.99 1.01 1.015
Inventory Turnover 5.10 4.80 4.72 4.49 4.47 4.61 4.82 4.89 4.67 4.67 4.81 4.79 4.54 4.46 4.73 4.78 4.62 4.59 4.72 4.93 4.927
Receivables Turnover 5.63 5.57 5.19 5.13 5.38 5.86 5.46 5.48 5.51 5.65 5.22 5.20 5.61 5.64 5.02 5.22 5.83 5.94 4.94 5.30 5.295
Payables Turnover 10.56 10.18 9.88 8.69 9.22 10.38 10.20 9.80 9.27 10.52 10.88 10.60 10.00 11.60 11.66 11.39 10.54 12.45 10.71 11.36 11.362
DSO 65 66 70 71 68 62 67 67 66 65 70 70 65 65 73 70 63 61 74 69 68.9 days
DIO 72 76 77 81 82 79 76 75 78 78 76 76 80 82 77 76 79 80 77 74 74.1 days
DPO 35 36 37 42 40 35 36 37 39 35 34 34 36 31 31 32 35 29 34 32 32.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 102 106 111 110 110 106 107 104 105 108 112 112 109 115 119 114 107 112 117 111 110.9 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 2.737
Operating Cycle snapshot only 143.0 days
Cash Velocity snapshot only 23.884
Capital Intensity snapshot only 1.002
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Revenue 11.9% 6.6% 7.4% 0.1% 6.2% 19.8% 27.8% 31.5% 26.4% 20.6% 14.4% 7.2% 3.0% -1.9% -2.8% -3.5% -3.5% -0.5% -2.2% 0.6% 0.59%
Net Income 40.1% -0.1% -27.4% -51.3% -50.6% -31.4% -7.0% 10.5% 38.6% 32.0% 33.0% 37.3% 12.7% 3.0% -8.9% -23.5% -18.0% -11.8% -8.7% 3.5% 3.51%
EPS 41.6% -0.2% -27.2% -50.9% -50.1% -30.7% -6.4% 10.8% 38.6% 32.2% 33.4% 38.0% 13.5% 3.9% -8.1% -22.7% -17.1% -10.5% -7.0% 5.6% 5.64%
FCF -77.1% -96.2% -1.3% -1.6% -4.3% -15.8% -1.2% 34.7% 1.6% 1.7% 2.5% 4.9% 1.5% 2.0% 12.2% 11.1% -37.9% -33.8% -1.7% -24.0% -23.98%
EBITDA 42.1% 13.0% -6.2% -22.0% -24.3% -2.1% 22.4% 31.6% 40.5% 31.4% 25.8% 23.9% 10.2% 4.5% -1.9% -15.1% -15.9% -13.8% -14.2% 0.4% 0.43%
Op. Income 41.9% 0.2% -26.5% -45.5% -43.8% -18.6% 13.9% 30.0% 92.0% 74.1% 66.0% 88.0% 7.5% 1.1% -6.2% -46.0% -40.3% -38.7% -41.3% -6.3% -6.30%
OCF Growth snapshot only -25.99%
Asset Growth snapshot only 3.31%
Equity Growth snapshot only 4.53%
Debt Growth snapshot only -5.28%
Shares Change snapshot only -2.01%
Dividend Growth snapshot only 0.48%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Revenue 3Y -7.1% -8.9% -7.5% -4.6% -1.2% 2.8% 5.4% 11.4% 14.5% 15.5% 16.2% 12.2% 11.4% 12.3% 12.4% 10.8% 7.9% 5.6% 2.8% 1.3% 1.32%
Revenue 5Y -4.8% -6.3% -6.9% -5.8% -3.5% -1.4% 0.1% 1.1% 1.5% 1.8% 3.0% 4.1% 4.7% 5.2% 5.4% 7.4% 8.3% 8.5% 8.3% 6.5% 6.49%
EPS 3Y -0.8% -4.9% -10.9% -11.7% -9.1% -11.4% -10.9% -0.5% -0.7% -2.9% -3.1% -9.1% -7.7% -1.6% 4.7% 5.8% 9.3% 7.1% 4.5% 4.1% 4.07%
EPS 5Y -2.6% -7.0% -12.7% -13.2% -13.3% -10.7% -8.8% -8.4% -7.6% -4.7% -2.4% 1.1% 3.4% -0.9% -2.8% 1.0% -1.6% -3.2% -4.9% -9.3% -9.30%
Net Income 3Y -3.1% -6.6% -12.5% -13.3% -10.7% -12.4% -11.6% -1.2% -1.4% -3.3% -3.5% -9.6% -8.3% -2.3% 4.0% 5.1% 8.6% 6.2% 3.4% 2.8% 2.85%
Net Income 5Y -4.2% -8.5% -14.2% -14.8% -14.9% -12.3% -10.4% -9.9% -9.1% -5.9% -3.7% -0.2% 2.1% -1.8% -3.5% 0.3% -2.4% -3.9% -5.7% -10.1% -10.14%
EBITDA 3Y -2.9% -5.7% -8.6% -6.4% -1.4% 0.4% 2.4% 10.8% 14.7% 13.3% 13.1% 8.3% 5.4% 10.3% 14.8% 11.4% 9.2% 5.8% 1.9% 1.8% 1.84%
EBITDA 5Y -4.2% -7.3% -11.1% -10.1% -8.3% -5.3% -2.5% -1.2% -0.5% 1.5% 3.3% 6.0% 8.2% 6.8% 5.8% 7.4% 6.9% 5.5% 4.0% 1.6% 1.63%
Gross Profit 3Y -3.5% -6.9% -8.5% -6.8% -3.1% 0.6% 3.3% 11.0% 13.8% 13.4% 13.2% 8.1% 7.4% 9.5% 12.7% 11.1% 8.2% 6.1% 0.0% -4.3% -4.29%
Gross Profit 5Y -3.3% -5.7% -8.0% -7.5% -5.6% -2.9% -0.2% 1.2% 1.4% 2.0% 2.3% 3.4% 4.8% 4.4% 4.6% 7.3% 6.8% 6.6% 4.5% -0.0% -0.00%
Op. Income 3Y -6.7% -14.1% -19.7% -18.9% -13.8% -7.1% -4.6% 7.6% 15.3% 12.4% 11.6% 10.0% 5.1% 12.7% 21.0% 9.7% 7.2% 2.6% -3.0% -1.6% -1.64%
Op. Income 5Y -6.9% -11.4% -16.8% -16.1% -15.2% -11.4% -8.3% -6.9% -2.6% -2.1% -0.4% 5.4% 5.7% 7.2% 6.2% 4.8% -0.3% -2.5% -5.2% -7.6% -7.58%
FCF 3Y -29.0% -56.3% — — — — — — -21.5% -26.5% -2.7% 16.9% 74.0% 2.1% — — — — — — —
FCF 5Y -26.2% -50.3% — — — — — — -5.4% -2.6% 6.4% 15.7% 5.2% 3.0% -4.4% -5.3% -5.6% -4.9% 0.3% 6.2% 6.19%
OCF 3Y -0.7% 3.6% -6.4% -5.2% -28.7% -27.7% -28.4% -22.4% -3.3% -2.2% 7.4% 7.9% 19.6% 19.7% 21.3% 28.2% 41.0% 35.7% 35.4% 14.0% 14.00%
OCF 5Y -6.1% -8.0% -10.8% -14.5% -18.8% -14.3% -12.5% -8.6% 3.6% 7.7% 8.1% 11.5% 4.8% 2.6% -0.7% -1.4% 0.4% 0.4% 3.1% -0.6% -0.65%
Assets 3Y -1.3% -2.2% 0.8% 9.0% 11.2% 12.3% 11.0% 13.4% 14.3% 13.3% 13.3% 12.5% 12.2% 11.9% 11.7% 3.9% 1.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.9% 0.89%
Assets 5Y -1.0% -0.7% -0.1% 4.7% 6.2% 6.5% 6.0% 6.1% 6.4% 5.9% 7.2% 7.8% 7.5% 7.6% 6.7% 7.7% 8.4% 7.5% 8.2% 8.0% 7.98%
Equity 3Y 1.5% 0.3% 0.0% 0.3% 1.9% 2.9% 2.3% 3.4% 3.9% 3.6% 4.4% 4.0% 3.4% 4.7% 5.9% 5.6% 5.3% 4.1% 3.7% 4.4% 4.39%
Book Value 3Y 3.9% 2.1% 1.9% 2.2% 3.7% 4.1% 3.2% 4.2% 4.6% 4.0% 4.8% 4.6% 4.0% 5.3% 6.5% 6.2% 6.0% 4.9% 4.7% 5.6% 5.63%
Dividend 3Y 3.6% 3.3% 3.3% 3.4% 3.3% 2.5% 1.8% 1.3% 1.0% 0.3% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.4% 0.6% 0.7% 0.66%
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.75 0.84 0.90 0.78 0.45 0.17 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.16 0.36 0.55 0.65 0.68 0.81 0.84 0.82 0.74 0.71 0.705
Earnings Stability 0.44 0.88 0.86 0.41 0.50 0.88 0.91 0.30 0.32 0.63 0.49 0.03 0.00 0.20 0.22 0.04 0.08 0.15 0.12 0.21 0.211
Margin Stability 0.95 0.97 0.97 0.94 0.93 0.96 0.96 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.94 0.93 0.96 0.98 0.99 0.96 0.96 0.94 0.89 0.890
Rev. Growth Consistency 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
Earn. Growth Consistency 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.500
FCF Positive Streak 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Earnings Persistence 0.84 1.00 0.89 0.50 0.50 0.87 0.97 0.96 0.85 0.87 0.87 0.85 0.95 0.99 0.96 0.91 0.93 0.95 0.97 0.99 0.986
Earnings Smoothness 0.67 1.00 0.68 0.31 0.32 0.63 0.93 0.90 0.68 0.72 0.72 0.69 0.88 0.97 0.91 0.73 0.80 0.87 0.91 0.97 0.966
ROE Trend 0.03 -0.00 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.03 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.011
Gross Margin Trend 0.02 0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 -0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.04 -0.036
FCF Margin Trend -0.06 -0.09 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.10 -0.07 -0.02 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.04 -0.00 -0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.011
Sustainable Growth Rate 6.8% 4.3% 2.3% 1.3% 0.8% 1.3% 1.6% 1.8% 2.8% 3.0% 3.4% 4.0% 3.6% 3.1% 2.7% 2.0% 2.1% 2.2% 2.1% 2.2% 2.16%
Internal Growth Rate 5.8% 3.6% 1.8% 0.9% 0.5% 0.9% 1.1% 1.1% 1.7% 1.9% 2.2% 2.5% 2.2% 2.0% 1.7% 1.3% 1.4% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.44%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
OCF/Net Income 1.24 1.53 1.68 1.70 1.24 1.27 1.23 1.62 2.21 2.20 2.45 2.26 2.76 2.81 2.66 3.08 2.71 2.64 2.76 2.20 2.200
FCF/OCF 0.19 0.03 -0.27 -0.41 -1.28 -0.90 -0.85 -0.25 0.33 0.28 0.47 0.51 0.59 0.63 0.53 0.54 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.55 0.555
FCF/Net Income snapshot only 1.220
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.753
CapEx/Revenue 8.4% 10.1% 11.4% 10.7% 10.9% 9.5% 8.9% 7.6% 6.3% 6.8% 5.9% 5.4% 5.3% 4.8% 5.3% 5.4% 5.9% 5.3% 4.9% 3.9% 3.87%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 0.653
Accruals Ratio -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 -0.05 -0.06 -0.07 -0.06 -0.09 -0.09 -0.07 -0.08 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.05 -0.048
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.039
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 1.354
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 1.000
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.99%
Dividend/Share $0.39 $0.40 $0.41 $0.41 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42 $0.42
Payout Ratio 40.4% 51.9% 67.3% 78.3% 85.4% 78.8% 74.5% 72.2% 62.2% 59.6% 56.0% 52.4% 54.9% 57.5% 60.9% 67.8% 66.2% 64.4% 65.8% 64.5% 64.50%
FCF Payout Ratio 1.7% 9.8% — — — — — — 85.2% 97.5% 48.8% 45.8% 34.0% 32.7% 43.1% 40.8% 54.1% 48.9% 43.2% 52.9% 52.86%
Total Payout Ratio 40.4% 51.9% 75.0% 95.0% 1.0% 95.3% 81.8% 72.2% 62.2% 61.0% 59.8% 59.4% 64.2% 66.4% 71.1% 79.2% 80.6% 80.7% 89.2% 86.7% 86.74%
Div. Increase Streak 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.75 0.75 0.73 0.70 0.76 0.85 0.86 0.89 0.80 0.802
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.96 0.91 0.87 0.83 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.82 0.83 0.83 0.84 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.86 0.86 0.88 0.877
EBIT Margin 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.056
Asset Turnover 1.10 1.05 1.03 0.94 0.97 1.05 1.08 1.04 1.04 1.07 1.06 1.06 1.05 1.04 1.03 1.02 1.01 1.04 0.99 1.01 1.015
Equity Multiplier 1.24 1.24 1.28 1.43 1.46 1.45 1.49 1.64 1.66 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.62 1.57 1.57 1.56 1.55 1.50 1.53 1.52 1.517
Per Share
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $0.98 $0.77 $0.60 $0.52 $0.49 $0.53 $0.56 $0.58 $0.68 $0.71 $0.75 $0.80 $0.77 $0.73 $0.69 $0.62 $0.64 $0.66 $0.64 $0.66 $0.66
Book Value/Share $8.77 $8.65 $8.57 $8.62 $8.96 $9.18 $9.39 $9.36 $9.53 $9.58 $9.82 $9.83 $9.87 $10.12 $10.36 $10.34 $10.66 $10.61 $10.79 $11.03 $11.02
Tangible Book/Share $6.55 $6.47 $6.42 $5.53 $5.79 $5.95 $6.16 $6.22 $6.40 $6.47 $6.69 $6.70 $6.72 $6.90 $7.10 $7.11 $7.39 $7.39 $7.55 $7.76 $7.76
Revenue/Share $11.73 $11.21 $11.27 $11.69 $12.59 $13.57 $14.50 $15.41 $15.92 $16.39 $16.63 $16.60 $16.52 $16.21 $16.31 $16.17 $16.10 $16.37 $16.24 $16.60 $16.59
FCF/Share $0.23 $0.04 $-0.27 $-0.36 $-0.77 $-0.61 $-0.59 $-0.24 $0.49 $0.43 $0.86 $0.92 $1.24 $1.29 $0.98 $1.03 $0.78 $0.86 $0.98 $0.80 $0.78
OCF/Share $1.22 $1.17 $1.01 $0.89 $0.60 $0.68 $0.69 $0.94 $1.49 $1.55 $1.84 $1.82 $2.12 $2.06 $1.84 $1.91 $1.72 $1.73 $1.78 $1.44 $1.41
Cash/Share $0.61 $0.67 $0.67 $0.68 $0.44 $0.46 $0.34 $0.54 $0.41 $0.41 $0.43 $0.52 $0.82 $0.50 $0.47 $0.61 $0.60 $0.65 $0.60 $0.70 $0.69
EBITDA/Share $1.78 $1.53 $1.34 $1.33 $1.36 $1.51 $1.65 $1.75 $1.92 $1.99 $2.08 $2.18 $2.13 $2.10 $2.06 $1.87 $1.81 $1.84 $1.80 $1.92 $1.92
Debt/Share $0.15 $0.37 $0.66 $2.35 $2.93 $3.03 $3.18 $3.20 $2.99 $3.15 $3.03 $2.96 $2.91 $2.65 $2.66 $2.66 $2.54 $2.56 $2.62 $2.58 $2.58
Net Debt/Share $-0.46 $-0.29 $-0.01 $1.67 $2.49 $2.56 $2.84 $2.66 $2.58 $2.74 $2.60 $2.43 $2.09 $2.15 $2.18 $2.05 $1.94 $1.91 $2.02 $1.88 $1.88
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 8 4 5 4 4 7 6 7 8 8 8 9 8 7 6 6 5 7 6 6 6
Beneish M-Score -2.69 -2.73 -2.60 -2.35 -2.05 -1.98 -2.04 -2.30 -2.62 -2.69 -2.76 -2.81 -3.03 -2.86 -2.85 -2.89 -2.64 -2.89 -2.64 -2.37 -2.372
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -8.478
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 8.69%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $1.60
EVA snapshot only $-20341837.92
Credit
Metric Trend Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Q3'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only A
Credit Score 82.75 80.35 76.75 73.05 68.45 68.35 64.95 65.55 68.85 69.75 72.15 73.05 73.05 73.05 73.05 73.05 73.05 75.55 75.55 74.95 74.950
Credit Grade snapshot only 6
Credit Trend snapshot only 1.900
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 150.000

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