— Know what they know.
Not Investment Advice
Also trades as: 9698.HK (HKSE) · $vol 20M · GDSN.MX (MEX) · $vol 0M

GDS NASDAQ

GDS Holdings Limited
1W: -15.9% 1M: -10.6% 3M: -10.8% YTD: -28.1% 1Y: -31.5% 3Y: +165.6% 5Y: -51.7%
$27.57
-2.23 (-7.48%)
 
Weekly Expected Move ±6.7%
$24 $26 $28 $29 $31
NASDAQ · Technology · Information Technology Services · Tech Score Strong Sell · Power 36 · $5.4B mcap · 134M float · 1.47% daily turnover · Short 61% of daily vol

Analyst Insights

Wall Street analyst consensus based on price targets and buy/sell/hold recommendations from institutional research coverage over the trailing 12 months.

Analyst Price Targets
$51
Low
$51
Avg Target
$51
High
Based on 1 analyst since Aug 13, 2026 earnings
Analyst Recommendations
Strong Buy: 1Buy: 17Hold: 2Sell: 0Strong Sell: 0
Rating Summary
ConsensusBuy
Avg Target$51.00
Analysts1
Price Target Change History
DateFirmAnalystOldNewChangeUpside @ CallStock@Call
2026-09-01 Raymond James Frank Louthan $35 $51 +16 +63.3% $31.24
2026-05-21 Piper Sandler — Initiated $36 — +4.2% $34.55
2026-03-18 Macquarie Ellie Jiang $47 $68 +21 +50.8% $44.76
2026-03-17 Morgan Stanley Yang Liu $13 $64 +51 +44.6% $44.26
2025-12-01 UBS — Initiated $55 — +58.9% $34.62
2025-11-06 Macquarie — $80 $47 -33 +37.5% $33.96
2025-08-12 RBC Capital Jonathan Atkin $14 $48 +34 +30.2% $36.87
2025-03-20 JMP Securities Greg Miller Initiated $40 — +39.8% $28.62
2024-11-21 Jefferies Edison Lee $27 $27 -0 +47.1% $18.40
2024-08-27 Jefferies Edison Lee $17 $27 +11 +62.5% $16.89
2024-08-27 Bank of America Securities Daley Li $10 $22 +12 +31.5% $17.04
2024-07-08 RBC Capital Jonathan Atkin $15 $14 -1 +29.3% $10.83
2024-05-22 Jefferies Edison Lee Initiated $17 — +108.4% $8.01
2024-04-25 Morgan Stanley Yang Liu $16 $13 -3 +83.2% $7.26
2024-03-27 Bank of America Securities Daley Li Initiated $10 — +72.6% $6.03
2024-03-21 Morgan Stanley Yang Liu Initiated $16 — +91.2% $8.37
2022-12-08 Raymond James — $55 $35 -20 +99.4% $17.55
2022-11-29 RBC Capital — $41 $15 -26 +28.1% $11.71
2022-06-06 RBC Capital — Initiated $41 — +41.5% $28.98
2022-05-19 Truist Financial — Initiated $75 — +143.9% $30.75
2022-05-19 Raymond James — Initiated $55 — +76.5% $31.16
2022-05-16 Credit Suisse Clive Cheung Initiated $49 — +74.6% $28.00
2021-08-18 Macquarie John Wang CFA Initiated $80 — +59.0% $50.30
2021-08-16 Nomura Joel Ying Initiated $90 — +69.3% $53.16
2021-08-16 Goldman Sachs Tina Hou Initiated $113 — +112.8% $53.16

Financial Rating

Composite financial health rating (A+ to F) based on discounted cash flow valuation, return on equity, return on assets, debt-to-equity leverage, and relative P/E and P/B multiples.

A-
Oct 02, 2026
DCF
5
ROE
3
ROA
4
D/E
1
P/E
4
P/B
4
The Financial Rating evaluates six fundamental factors — discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation, return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), debt-to-equity leverage (D/E), and relative price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) multiples — each scored 1–5. GDS receives an overall rating of A-. Strongest factors: DCF (5/5), ROA (4/5), P/E (4/5), P/B (4/5). Areas of concern: D/E (1/5).
Rating Change History
DateFromTo
2026-08-17 B+ A-
2026-05-26 A- B+
2026-05-22 B+ A-
2026-05-04 B B+
2026-03-19 A- B

InsiderStreet Scorecard

Proprietary multi-factor scorecard rating companies across seven fundamental dimensions — profitability, balance sheet strength, earnings quality, growth, value, momentum, and safety — each scored 0–100.

★ ★ ★ ★ ★ — Grade C
Profitability
49
Balance Sheet
46
Earnings Quality
66
Growth
32
Value
—
Momentum
54
Safety
—
Cash Flow
27

Risk & Quality Signals

Academic financial models used by institutional investors to assess bankruptcy risk, earnings manipulation, financial strength, and credit quality.

Altman Z-Score
—
—
Piotroski F-Score
4/9
✓ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✓
Beneish M-Score
-2.28
Unlikely Manipulator
Ohlson O-Score
-8.17
Bankruptcy prob: 0.0%
Low Risk
Credit Rating
B+
Score: 31.5/100
Trend: Deteriorating
Earnings Quality
75/100
OCF/NI: 0.96x
Accruals: 0.2%
The Piotroski F-Score (2000) is a 9-point binary checklist — four profitability tests (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, cash flow exceeding net income), three leverage tests (declining debt ratio, improving current ratio, no share dilution), and two efficiency tests (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Each pass scores 1 point. GDS scores 4/9, indicating moderate financial health — some areas of strength offset by weaknesses in others. The Beneish M-Score (1999) is an 8-variable model that detects earnings manipulation by comparing year-over-year changes in receivables, gross margins, asset quality, sales growth, depreciation, SG&A, leverage, and accruals. Scores above −1.78 statistically resemble past manipulators. GDS's score of -2.28 falls below this threshold, suggesting earnings are unlikely to be manipulated. The Ohlson O-Score (1980) is a 9-variable logistic regression that estimates bankruptcy probability using firm size, leverage, working capital, current ratio, profitability (ROA), cash flow coverage, negative equity flag, consecutive losses flag, and earnings trajectory. The raw score is converted to a probability via logistic transformation. GDS's implied 0.0% bankruptcy probability is well within safe territory. Our Credit Rating model scores companies on five weighted components — solvency (30%), earning power (25%), leverage (20%), liquidity (15%), and cash flow quality (10%) — then blends the absolute score with sector and industry peer rankings. For companies with large buyback programs, equity is adjusted by adding back cumulative 5-year repurchases (capped at 80% of FCF generated) to avoid penalizing shareholder-friendly capital allocation. GDS receives an estimated rating of B+ (score: 31.5/100), with a deteriorating trend. The Earnings Quality score measures how well reported earnings are backed by real cash. It evaluates the operating cash flow to net income ratio (OCF/NI ≥ 1.0 means every dollar of earnings is cash-backed) and the accruals ratio (the gap between earnings and cash flow relative to assets — lower is better). GDS's score of 75/100 is high — cash flows strongly support reported earnings.

Valuation

Key valuation multiples comparing the stock's market price to its earnings, revenue, book value, and cash flows. Lower multiples may indicate relative undervaluation versus peers.

P/E
10.48x
PEG
-0.43x
P/S
3.12x
P/B
1.18x
P/FCF
—
P/OCF
—
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Revenue
—
EV/EBIT
—
EV/FCF
—
Earnings Yield
—
FCF Yield
—
Shareholder Yield
—
Graham Number
$201.10
Equity-based multiples (P/E, P/B, P/FCF) compare the stock price to per-share fundamentals and are affected by capital structure. Enterprise value multiples (EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue, EV/FCF) strip out debt and cash, making them more useful for cross-company comparisons regardless of how companies are financed. The Graham Number — √(22.5 × EPS × Book Value) — is Benjamin Graham's formula for the maximum price a defensive investor should pay. At 10.5x earnings, GDS trades at a reasonable valuation. Graham's intrinsic value formula yields $201.10 per share, suggesting a potential 629% margin of safety at the current price.

DuPont Decomposition (5-Factor)

The 5-factor DuPont framework breaks Return on Equity into its component drivers — tax efficiency, interest burden, operating profitability, asset utilization, and financial leverage — to reveal what truly drives shareholder returns.

Tax Burden
0.874
NI / EBT
×
Interest Burden
6.104
EBT / EBIT
×
EBIT Margin
0.057
EBIT / Rev
×
Asset Turnover
0.149
Rev / Assets
×
Equity Multiplier
2.854
Assets / Equity
=
ROE
12.9%
The 5-factor DuPont identity decomposes ROE as: Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier = ROE. This reveals whether returns are driven by operating performance, financial leverage, or tax efficiency — three very different sources of profitability. GDS's ROE of 12.9% is driven by Asset Turnover (0.149), indicating efficient use of assets to generate revenue.

Graham-Dodd Adjusted Valuation

Our adaptation of Graham's growth formula (Fair P/E = 8.5 + 2g) from The Intelligent Investor. The classic version relies on analyst growth projections, which can be unreliable. This adjusted model substitutes the company's realized 3-year EPS CAGR — a backward-looking, verifiable measure of actual earnings power — grounding the valuation in demonstrated performance rather than forecasts.

Two adjustments we make, and why. Growth is capped at 15%. Graham defined g as expected growth over the next seven to ten years, not last year's rate. Across US companies since 1994 the median realized 7-year EPS growth is 5–8% regardless of how fast a company grew beforehand, and of 4,457 company-quarters that grew faster than 200%, none sustained it. Uncapped, the formula assigned fair multiples in the hundreds to companies that had never held that rate — and scored worse than simply reading the P/E. Capped, it carries real information. The verdict has three states, not two. Tested over 377,249 stock-months, this ratio only separates outcomes at its extremes: below 0.25 beat the universe by 1.3 points a year, above 3.0 lagged by 2.7, and everything in between sat inside a one-point band. Rather than call two-thirds of the market "undervalued" on a threshold of 1.0, we say Neutral where the model cannot tell — which is most of the time.

Adj. Growth Rate
0.00%
Fair P/E
8.50x
Intrinsic Value
$122.53
Price/Value
—
Margin of Safety
—
Premium
—
Graham's classic formula uses analyst-projected growth to estimate a fair P/E (8.5 + 2g). Our adjusted version replaces that projection with GDS's realized 0.0% 3-year EPS CAGR, capped at 15% — demonstrated performance rather than forecasts, held to a rate companies have historically sustained. GDS trades at a premium to its adjusted intrinsic value of $122.53, suggesting the market is pricing in future growth beyond what historical earnings support. The adjusted fair P/E of 8.5x compares to the current market P/E of 10.5x.

Profitability Trends

Historical profitability ratios tracking how efficiently the company converts revenue into returns for shareholders over time.

Leverage & Solvency Trends

Debt and liquidity metrics showing the company's financial leverage and ability to meet short-term and long-term obligations.

Efficiency & Working Capital Trends

Operating efficiency metrics measuring how quickly the company converts inventory to sales, collects receivables, and manages its cash conversion cycle.

Growth Trends (YoY %)

Year-over-year growth rates for key financial metrics, showing the trajectory of revenue, earnings, and cash flow generation.

Earnings Stability

R-squared of linear regression measuring how predictably revenue, earnings, and margins follow a trend over the trailing 5 years. 1.0 = perfectly predictable; lower values indicate erratic or cyclical behavior.

Monte Carlo Price Simulation

Geometric Brownian Motion with 1,000 antithetic paths over 1 year, seeded from 1800 days of historical volatility. Percentile bands show the range of statistically plausible outcomes — this is a statistical model, not a forecast.

Current Price
$27.57
Median 1Y
$20.04
5th Pctile
$5.96
95th Pctile
$67.89
Ann. Volatility
75.2%
Analyst Target
$51.00
25th–75th percentile 5th–95th percentile Median path Historical Analyst target

Workforce & Productivity

Workforce efficiency metrics measuring revenue, profit, and R&D spend per employee — key indicators of operational leverage and human capital productivity.

Employees
2,434
+6.9% YoY
Revenue / Employee
$4,568,941
Rev: $11,120,803,605
Profit / Employee
$379,528
NI: $923,770,135
SGA / Employee
$319,683
Avg labor cost proxy
R&D / Employee
$13,069
Innovation spend

Scaling Efficiency

All Ratios & Metrics

Complete fundamental data with up to 20 periods of history, sparkline trends, and current values across 13 categories and 130+ financial metrics.

Profitability
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
ROE -5.7% -4.9% -5.1% -5.7% -5.6% -5.2% -5.7% -5.3% -5.7% -19.5% -19.7% -20.0% -18.9% 15.8% 20.6% 20.9% 24.2% 3.8% 10.2% 12.9% 12.94%
ROA -2.2% -1.9% -2.0% -2.0% -2.0% -1.7% -1.8% -1.6% -1.7% -5.7% -5.4% -5.3% -4.9% 4.6% 6.1% 5.9% 7.0% 1.2% 3.6% 4.5% 4.53%
ROIC 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.9% 0.8% -3.2% -3.1% -3.1% -2.7% 1.5% 0.7% 1.2% 1.7% 1.7% 2.9% 2.8% 2.84%
ROCE 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.4% 1.4% 1.5% 1.4% -3.4% -3.4% -3.1% -2.8% 2.0% 3.9% 3.7% 3.7% 1.5% 1.0% 1.0% 0.97%
Gross Margin 22.1% 22.3% 21.7% 20.3% 20.8% 20.3% 20.4% 22.3% 17.8% 16.9% 21.8% 22.6% 22.2% 21.5% 23.7% 23.8% 22.1% 21.0% 33.6% 19.5% 19.48%
Operating Margin 7.3% 6.9% 6.0% 5.8% 6.2% 5.7% 6.4% 9.9% 3.2% -1.1% 8.3% 11.2% 10.8% 11.0% 13.4% 14.3% 12.6% 13.5% 27.0% 14.2% 14.22%
Net Margin -15.8% -14.4% -16.6% -16.2% -14.3% -7.4% -19.7% -9.2% -16.7% -1.2% -13.2% -8.0% -6.5% 1.6% 28.0% -2.5% 25.1% -16.0% 78.7% 27.0% 27.05%
EBITDA Margin 41.6% 40.7% 41.6% 40.9% 40.9% 55.8% 42.2% 46.3% 39.3% -69.8% 41.0% 42.7% 40.6% 43.6% 84.1% 44.2% 42.4% -3.8% 54.5% 41.9% 41.85%
FCF Margin -1.2% -1.1% -1.0% -82.1% -61.8% -53.0% -49.6% -54.6% -51.5% -42.1% -36.7% -43.3% -53.3% -44.4% -30.7% -20.7% -6.8% -11.6% -11.8% -7.0% -7.01%
OCF Margin 15.3% 15.4% 11.7% 25.4% 25.9% 30.6% 31.3% 21.6% 20.6% 20.7% 20.3% 17.0% 17.5% 17.4% 25.4% 28.9% 29.9% 29.4% 25.1% 29.2% 29.16%
ROE 3Y Avg snapshot only 2.86%
ROE 5Y Avg snapshot only -0.56%
ROA 3Y Avg snapshot only 1.67%
ROIC 3Y Avg snapshot only -0.27%
ROIC Economic snapshot only 2.32%
Cash ROA snapshot only 4.16%
Cash ROIC snapshot only 5.51%
CROIC snapshot only -1.33%
NOPAT Margin snapshot only 15.04%
Pretax Margin snapshot only 34.92%
R&D / Revenue snapshot only 0.27%
SGA / Revenue snapshot only 7.69%
SBC / Revenue snapshot only 1.38%
Valuation
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
P/E Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10.482
P/S Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.122
P/B Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.180
P/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
P/OCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBITDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/Revenue — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/EBIT — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EV/FCF — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Earnings Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Graham Number snapshot only $201.10
Leverage & Solvency
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Current Ratio 1.42 1.07 1.10 1.08 1.11 1.13 1.29 1.25 1.52 1.32 1.13 1.39 1.19 1.28 1.47 2.00 2.51 2.60 1.87 1.78 1.783
Quick Ratio 1.42 1.07 1.10 1.08 1.11 1.13 1.29 1.25 1.52 1.32 1.13 1.39 1.19 1.28 1.47 2.00 2.51 2.60 1.87 1.78 1.783
Debt/Equity 1.21 1.54 1.72 1.77 1.81 1.86 2.14 2.15 2.19 2.40 2.53 2.58 2.58 1.89 1.80 1.88 1.76 1.77 1.50 1.46 1.465
Net Debt/Equity 0.82 1.14 1.27 1.38 1.43 1.50 1.69 1.78 1.84 2.02 2.14 2.07 2.10 1.55 1.49 1.36 1.26 1.24 1.03 1.00 1.003
Debt/Assets 0.49 0.53 0.57 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.63 0.62 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.59 0.56 0.55 0.552
Debt/EBITDA 10.63 11.69 12.37 11.48 11.66 10.67 11.37 10.68 10.65 35.16 34.87 33.73 29.80 9.54 7.47 8.03 7.87 10.15 11.11 11.18 11.182
Net Debt/EBITDA 7.24 8.61 9.11 8.96 9.23 8.61 8.97 8.85 8.97 29.52 29.51 27.07 24.28 7.85 6.18 5.83 5.62 7.09 7.62 7.66 7.659
Interest Coverage 0.40 0.38 0.37 0.35 0.35 0.49 0.49 0.55 0.50 -1.49 -1.44 -1.37 -1.22 0.81 1.63 1.81 2.79 0.76 0.49 0.51 0.514
Equity Multiplier 2.47 2.93 3.03 3.14 3.11 3.11 3.45 3.48 3.51 3.73 3.86 4.07 4.19 3.13 3.02 3.11 2.95 2.98 2.67 2.65 2.653
Cash Ratio snapshot only 1.135
Debt Service Coverage snapshot only 3.105
Cash to Debt snapshot only 0.315
FCF to Debt snapshot only -0.018
Defensive Interval snapshot only 7496.2 days
Efficiency & Turnover
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Asset Turnover 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.149
Inventory Turnover — 48.16 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Receivables Turnover 4.22 4.87 4.05 3.69 4.04 4.51 3.54 3.44 3.54 4.02 3.25 3.33 3.31 3.99 3.59 3.56 3.38 4.16 4.04 4.23 4.232
Payables Turnover 1.52 1.60 1.80 1.78 1.88 2.11 2.36 2.19 2.33 2.47 2.72 2.79 2.64 2.88 3.21 3.01 3.11 3.91 4.55 3.65 3.648
DSO 86 75 90 99 90 81 103 106 103 91 112 110 110 91 102 102 108 88 90 86 86.3 days
DIO 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 days
DPO 240 228 203 206 194 173 155 166 156 148 134 131 138 127 114 121 117 93 80 100 100.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -154 -146 -112 -107 -104 -92 -52 -60 -53 -57 -22 -21 -28 -35 -12 -19 -9 -6 10 -14 -13.8 days
Fixed Asset Turnover snapshot only 0.281
Cash Velocity snapshot only 0.821
Capital Intensity snapshot only 7.003
Growth (YoY)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 37.4% 36.2% 34.7% 30.9% 25.4% 19.3% 13.6% 9.7% 7.6% 6.8% 7.2% 9.1% 12.0% 11.6% 10.1% 7.1% 2.1% 2.9% 7.8% 8.6% 8.65%
Net Income -1.3% -82.2% -54.0% -32.8% -20.2% -4.3% -4.3% 12.3% 7.4% -2.4% -2.0% -2.4% -2.0% 1.8% 2.1% 2.1% 2.4% -72.3% -37.5% -20.2% -20.21%
EPS -1.0% -72.6% -52.4% -31.6% -19.4% -3.8% -3.9% 12.5% 7.5% -2.4% -2.0% -2.4% -2.0% 1.7% 1.9% 1.9% 2.1% -70.8% -44.7% -30.9% -30.90%
FCF -11.8% -10.4% -17.8% 9.4% 34.7% 41.8% 45.3% 27.1% 10.3% 15.3% 20.7% 13.3% -16.0% -17.9% 7.8% 48.8% 86.9% 73.1% 58.8% 63.2% 63.24%
EBITDA 39.9% 39.8% 38.3% 32.6% 25.7% 29.6% 23.2% 23.1% 20.1% -67.4% -66.7% -66.7% -62.1% 2.4% 3.1% 3.0% 2.5% 0.5% -28.0% -28.8% -28.75%
Op. Income -11.3% -15.4% -2.6% -2.0% -0.9% -3.1% -2.3% 19.6% 8.5% -5.5% -5.2% -4.4% -4.4% 1.5% 1.5% 1.6% 1.7% 33.4% 60.2% 50.5% 50.51%
OCF Growth snapshot only 9.79%
Asset Growth snapshot only 8.36%
Equity Growth snapshot only 26.99%
Debt Growth snapshot only -0.85%
Shares Change snapshot only 15.47%
Dividend Growth snapshot only -1.00%
Growth (CAGR)
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue 3Y 43.3% 41.0% 38.8% 36.4% 34.2% 31.3% 28.5% 26.0% 22.9% 20.2% 17.9% 16.1% 14.8% 12.4% 10.3% 8.6% 7.1% 7.0% 8.4% 8.3% 8.28%
Revenue 5Y — 90.5% 66.1% 54.6% 45.0% 42.0% 39.0% 35.3% 31.8% 29.0% 26.7% 24.9% 23.8% 21.9% 20.2% 18.5% 16.2% 14.8% 14.2% 12.7% 12.75%
EPS 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EPS 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Income 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
EBITDA 3Y 57.9% 52.2% 46.7% 40.5% 36.2% 37.0% 33.8% 32.2% 28.3% -16.1% -17.2% -18.4% -16.9% 13.0% 19.2% 17.9% 16.9% 3.8% -0.3% -1.8% -1.75%
EBITDA 5Y — 1.8% 92.5% 75.4% 61.8% 56.0% 53.0% 48.7% 42.8% 8.3% 5.3% 2.6% 2.9% 23.4% 26.9% 25.2% 22.9% 15.2% 11.0% 9.1% 9.15%
Gross Profit 3Y 46.3% 41.9% 38.0% 31.4% 27.3% 22.9% 18.0% 16.5% 11.8% 7.4% 7.9% 7.7% 10.1% 11.2% 10.4% 10.6% 9.6% 10.1% 16.5% 13.8% 13.81%
Gross Profit 5Y — 87.9% 59.3% 48.4% 39.5% 36.5% 35.5% 33.3% 29.2% 25.3% 23.0% 20.1% 19.7% 18.6% 16.3% 14.9% 12.5% 10.8% 14.0% 12.2% 12.23%
Op. Income 3Y 63.6% 50.1% 37.0% 19.4% 11.0% 4.8% -0.8% 3.4% -1.6% — — — — 26.5% 30.5% 34.8% 36.4% 40.7% 53.8% 45.5% 45.54%
Op. Income 5Y — 2.4% 74.6% 66.3% 57.4% 46.3% 48.9% 48.5% 36.4% — — — — 19.1% 17.3% 17.8% 17.4% 18.0% 28.2% 29.3% 29.29%
FCF 3Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
FCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
OCF 3Y — — 1.4% 1.2% 92.0% 1.1% 1.5% 1.0% 1.9% 86.0% 64.3% 40.6% 20.1% 17.3% 42.6% 13.3% 12.4% 5.6% 0.7% 19.6% 19.59%
OCF 5Y — — — — — — — — — — 96.5% 54.2% 42.0% 45.9% 73.0% 66.6% 1.1% 60.0% 45.4% 40.9% 40.89%
Assets 3Y 47.2% 50.8% 42.5% 40.0% 38.8% 33.4% 34.8% 22.8% 20.8% 9.1% 9.1% 8.2% 8.5% 0.9% -1.0% 2.3% 1.6% 2.3% 2.4% 3.7% 3.66%
Assets 5Y — 54.2% 55.6% 50.0% 48.8% 41.6% 38.9% 31.1% 30.6% 28.9% 23.7% 24.0% 24.1% 18.5% 18.2% 13.7% 12.5% 6.9% 7.5% 6.6% 6.56%
Equity 3Y 67.1% 64.3% 38.3% 35.5% 36.6% 32.7% 26.1% 17.0% 14.3% -7.9% -9.4% -8.1% -9.0% -1.3% -0.8% 2.7% 3.4% 3.7% 11.5% 13.4% 13.42%
Book Value 3Y 47.3% 44.8% 22.9% 23.8% 25.2% 22.1% 17.3% 9.2% 8.6% -9.8% -9.9% -8.5% -9.3% -5.0% -7.5% -4.1% -6.5% 1.7% 0.0% 1.0% 1.03%
Dividend 3Y -11.7% -31.6% -31.1% -16.9% -16.7% -6.6% -5.5% -5.3% -3.5% -0.5% 0.9% 1.0% 1.2% -12.3% -6.5% -6.5% -9.4% -32.2% — — —
Growth Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Revenue Stability 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.98 0.97 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.94 0.97 0.98 0.977
Earnings Stability 0.72 0.86 0.85 0.83 0.84 0.88 0.87 0.80 0.84 0.66 0.69 0.67 0.70 0.03 0.08 0.09 0.14 0.16 0.31 0.38 0.381
Margin Stability 0.92 0.92 0.91 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.89 0.87 0.89 0.90 0.91 0.90 0.88 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.88 0.90 0.904
Rev. Growth Consistency 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000
Earn. Growth Consistency 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000
FCF Positive Streak 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Earnings Persistence 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.87 0.92 0.98 0.98 0.95 0.97 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500
Earnings Smoothness — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.54 0.78 0.775
ROE Trend -0.00 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 -0.02 -0.00 -0.01 -0.16 -0.16 -0.16 -0.14 0.28 0.32 0.32 0.34 0.07 0.10 0.13 0.131
Gross Margin Trend -0.02 -0.03 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.030
FCF Margin Trend 0.05 0.10 0.24 0.45 0.70 0.68 0.61 0.46 0.39 0.39 0.40 0.25 0.03 0.03 0.12 0.28 0.46 0.32 0.22 0.25 0.250
Sustainable Growth Rate — — — — — — — — — — — — — 15.6% 20.4% 20.6% 24.0% 3.7% 10.2% 12.9% 12.94%
Internal Growth Rate — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.8% 6.4% 6.2% 7.4% 1.2% 3.7% 4.7% 4.75%
Cash Flow Quality
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
OCF/Net Income -0.95 -0.99 -0.75 -1.61 -1.68 -2.26 -2.17 -1.71 -1.56 -0.48 -0.50 -0.43 -0.49 0.57 0.63 0.69 0.60 3.54 1.07 0.96 0.955
FCF/OCF -7.77 -7.07 -8.77 -3.23 -2.39 -1.73 -1.58 -2.52 -2.49 -2.03 -1.81 -2.55 -3.05 -2.55 -1.21 -0.72 -0.23 -0.39 -0.47 -0.24 -0.241
FCF/Net Income snapshot only -0.230
OCF/EBITDA snapshot only 0.843
CapEx/Revenue 1.3% 1.2% 1.1% 1.1% 87.6% 83.7% 81.0% 76.2% 72.1% 62.8% 57.1% 60.3% 70.8% 61.5% 55.8% 49.2% 36.4% 41.1% 36.9% 36.2% 36.17%
CapEx/Depreciation snapshot only 1.253
Accruals Ratio -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.05 -0.05 -0.06 -0.06 -0.04 -0.04 -0.09 -0.08 -0.08 -0.07 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 -0.03 -0.00 0.00 0.002
Sloan Accruals snapshot only -0.026
Cash Flow Adequacy snapshot only 0.806
Earnings Quality Score snapshot only 0.750
Dividends & Buybacks
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Dividend Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00%
Dividend/Share $0.36 $0.27 $0.27 $0.27 $0.27 $0.28 $0.28 $0.28 $0.28 $0.29 $0.29 $0.29 $0.29 $0.20 $0.24 $0.24 $0.22 $0.07 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Payout Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.0% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
FCF Payout Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Payout Ratio — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.0% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.00%
Div. Increase Streak 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 — — —
Chowder Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Net Buyback Yield — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total Shareholder Return — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
DuPont Factors
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Tax Burden (NI/EBT) 1.26 1.28 1.27 1.26 1.23 1.28 1.37 1.38 1.29 1.00 0.97 0.98 0.96 -4.10 11.02 8.11 3.24 0.66 0.88 0.87 0.874
Interest Burden (EBT/EBIT) -1.50 -1.54 -1.64 -1.78 -1.81 -1.10 -1.09 -0.85 -1.05 1.90 1.93 1.97 2.08 -0.64 0.16 0.22 0.64 1.28 4.69 6.10 6.104
EBIT Margin 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.10 -0.23 -0.22 -0.20 -0.18 0.12 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.057
Asset Turnover 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.149
Equity Multiplier 2.65 2.58 2.61 2.81 2.77 3.02 3.23 3.30 3.30 3.39 3.64 3.75 3.83 3.40 3.40 3.53 3.47 3.05 2.82 2.85 2.854
Per Share
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
EPS (Diluted TTM) $-6.42 $-6.65 $-7.18 $-7.60 $-7.66 $-6.90 $-7.46 $-6.65 $-7.08 $-23.34 $-22.64 $-22.63 $-21.39 $16.74 $20.18 $20.86 $22.60 $4.89 $11.16 $14.42 $14.42
Book Value/Share $143.44 $134.12 $136.55 $128.72 $131.54 $131.23 $123.60 $120.90 $119.15 $108.62 $106.81 $105.83 $107.06 $115.04 $108.19 $113.38 $107.51 $138.23 $123.73 $124.68 $170.99
Tangible Book/Share $102.38 $84.83 $90.97 $83.52 $86.78 $86.81 $79.28 $77.01 $75.74 $66.24 $64.71 $64.03 $65.54 $83.81 $80.98 $88.21 $84.93 $110.11 $102.46 $103.92 $103.92
Revenue/Share $39.90 $42.85 $45.76 $48.13 $49.69 $50.85 $51.75 $52.63 $53.42 $54.19 $55.37 $57.30 $59.73 $54.30 $49.87 $50.20 $45.16 $58.84 $47.55 $47.23 $63.02
FCF/Share $-47.30 $-46.57 $-47.12 $-39.51 $-30.69 $-26.97 $-25.68 $-28.71 $-27.50 $-22.79 $-20.34 $-24.83 $-31.85 $-24.12 $-15.33 $-10.41 $-3.09 $-6.83 $-5.60 $-3.31 $-4.04
OCF/Share $6.09 $6.58 $5.37 $12.23 $12.85 $15.58 $16.21 $11.39 $11.03 $11.24 $11.26 $9.74 $10.45 $9.47 $12.65 $14.48 $13.50 $17.32 $11.94 $13.77 $18.42
Cash/Share $55.51 $54.63 $61.99 $50.08 $49.60 $46.94 $55.84 $44.63 $41.00 $41.96 $41.59 $53.92 $51.20 $38.45 $33.71 $58.40 $54.20 $73.68 $58.15 $57.55 $76.78
EBITDA/Share $16.34 $17.71 $18.99 $19.85 $20.39 $22.84 $23.29 $24.37 $24.47 $7.43 $7.75 $8.10 $9.27 $22.78 $26.14 $26.47 $24.06 $24.11 $16.66 $16.34 $16.34
Debt/Share $173.73 $207.10 $234.95 $227.90 $237.88 $243.65 $264.86 $260.28 $260.61 $261.19 $270.27 $273.16 $276.34 $217.29 $195.28 $212.72 $189.35 $244.76 $185.11 $182.66 $182.66
Net Debt/Share $118.22 $152.47 $172.96 $177.82 $188.28 $196.71 $209.02 $215.65 $219.62 $219.23 $228.68 $219.24 $225.14 $178.84 $161.57 $154.32 $135.15 $171.08 $126.96 $125.11 $125.11
Academic Models
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Altman Z-Score — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Piotroski F-Score 5 3 3 3 3 4 4 6 5 4 4 5 5 6 7 7 6 6 7 4 4
Beneish M-Score -2.08 -2.03 -2.06 -2.29 -2.37 -2.41 -2.57 -2.74 -2.58 -2.71 -2.85 -2.63 -2.56 -1.98 -2.08 -2.26 -2.33 -2.66 -2.55 -2.28 -2.284
Ohlson O-Score snapshot only -8.172
ROIC (Greenblatt) snapshot only 1.30%
Net-Net WC snapshot only $-112.15
EVA snapshot only $-4637722874.12
Credit
Metric Trend Q3'21 Q4'21 Q1'22 Q2'22 Q3'22 Q4'22 Q1'23 Q2'23 Q3'23 Q4'23 Q1'24 Q2'24 Q3'24 Q4'24 Q1'25 Q2'25 Q3'25 Q4'25 Q1'26 Q2'26 Current
Credit Rating snapshot only B+
Credit Score 28.61 26.49 26.91 27.21 27.09 27.70 27.18 27.25 29.25 24.89 23.36 24.58 23.04 28.02 33.51 34.64 41.01 33.36 31.64 31.51 31.507
Credit Grade snapshot only 14
Credit Trend snapshot only -3.137
Implied Spread (bps) snapshot only 650.000
Industry Credit Rank snapshot only 16
Sector Credit Rank snapshot only 17

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